How to decline compound ordinal numbers. Declension of compound ordinal numbers

The declension of numerals does not have a single pattern. In "Russian Grammar" of 1990 it is presented in two types: substantive and adjective. The first includes:

• 1) declension of numerals from five before ten and numerals on -tsat (eleven, twelve etc.), -ten (fifty, sixty etc.);
• 2) declension of numerals two hundred, three hundred, four hundred and all numerals on -sot;
• 3) declension of numerals fourty, ninety, one hundred and numerals one and a half (one and a half) And one and a half hundred.

The second type includes declension modeled on adjectives with two varieties:

• 1) declension of numerals two, three, four;
• 2) collective declension (including words both, both) and indefinite numbers.

Below are the main examples of declension of numerals with corresponding comments.

Declension of cardinal numbers

Numeralsone (one, one, alone)

Numeralstwo, two, three, four, 5 —20 ,30

Numerals type50—80 , 200—400 , 500—900

Numerals40 , 90 , 100 , 1 1 /2

Numerals eight And eighty in etc. retain a fluent vowel e: eight, eighty. The absence of a fluent vowel is characteristic of colloquial speech: eight, eighty.

In complex numerals such as sixty both components are inclined: sixty, sixty. Incorrect use in etc. forms sixty instead of sixty.

Complex numerals type six hundred in T.p. have a shape six hundred, form six hundred characteristic of colloquial speech.

The literary norm corresponds to combinations of a numeral with a noun like six hundred rubles, with six hundred rubles, and not six hundred rubles, with six hundred rubles; resist one and a half hundred tanks, be one and a half hundred meters away, and not confront one and a half hundred tanks, be one and a half hundred meters away.

Complex numerals with words one hundred in T.p. can be combined with nouns in the same case (with three hundred inhabitants), which corresponds to the literary norm, combination with nouns in R.p. (With three hundred inhabitants) is a colloquial variant.

When using cardinal numbers with a preposition By in the distributional meaning, forms of V.p. are possible. and etc.: six each — six thousand, ten each — ten notebooks. The modern norm corresponds to V.p., the traditional use corresponds to D.p. Indefinite words a lot of, some, How many, so many Variant usage is also allowed: lots and lots of exercises. But the forms of V.p. are of a colloquial nature here.

Declension of compound numerals

In compound cardinal numbers, each word is declined (table). Word thousand combined with words one has in T.p. no form thousand, but a thousand; For example: one thousand three hundred twenty two.

In oral speech, the declension of compound numerals is often simplified:

• a) only their initial and final components are declined ( dictionary with two thousand three hundred eighty-six illustrations);
• b) only their last component is declined ( dozens of employees worked in twenty-three offices).

This use does not correspond to literary norms.

Declension of fractional numbers

If the numerator contains the number 1, then the form zh.r. is used to designate it. one; the denominator contains the ordinal number in I.p. w.r.: 1 / 2 — a half, 1/ 7 — one seventh.

If the numerator contains the number 2, then the form zh.r. is used to designate it. two: 2/ 5 — two fifths, 2/ 7 — two sevenths.

When declension of fractional numerals, both parts change (table).

Declension of indefinite words

Indefinite numbers A little, a lot of incline just like words few, many(table).

Declension of ordinal numbers

Ordinal numbers, except third, are inflected in the same way as adjectives with a solid base (such as difficult). Numeral third leans towards the soft version (table).

Declension of collective numerals

Numerals2 (two) — 10 (ten)

Numeralsboth(m.r. and s.r.) and both(female)

In V.p. collective numerals for inanimate nouns have the form I.p., and for animate nouns - the form R.p.

When declension of a numeral both(m.r. and s.r.) stem ends in - O (about O-their), when declension of the numeral both(f.r.) - on -e (about e-their) (table).

In the Russian language, when declension of quantitative names of numerals, all words and all parts of compound words change, and when declension of ordinal names, only the last word changes: five hundred sixteen - five hundred sixteen - five hundred and sixteenth.

1. Numeral one agrees with nouns in all cases, like an adjective: one chair, one chair, alone chair, etc.

2. For numerals one, both, two, three, four the accusative case is similar to the nominative case if the noun denotes an inanimate object (n., see three tree), and with the genitive, if the noun denotes an animate object (n., I see three students).

I. both both two, two three four

R. both both two three four

D. both both two three four

V. as I. or R.

T. both both two three four

P. both both two three four

3. Numeral four has in the instrumental case b(four).

4. Declension of numerals from five before twenty And thirty

7. For numerals forty, ninety, one hundred the forms of the accusative and nominative cases are the same, and in all other cases the ending is used -A (fourty A, ninety A, st A).

8. Numerals from fifty before eighty and from two hundred before nine hundred both parts bow.

9. For compound cardinal numbers, all components are declined (fifty two, five And ten And dv wow, from five Yu ten yu dv skillfully etc.). Exception: fractional numbers such as two and a quarter, eight and a half, in which the last component does not change ( about eightAnd and a half, before eightYu and a half etc.).

For compound numerals that have at the end one, one, one, the noun is placed in them. p., units h.: one hundred and one students, one hundred and one students.

For compound numerals ending in two (two), three, four, nouns are used in the genitive singular case. h.: one hundred and four students.

If there are numerals at the end, starting with five, then nouns are placed in the plural genitive case. h.: thirty seven tractors.

10. Collective numbers in the form named after. n. use case endings of units. Part II and III declension ( twoe , fiveO – cf.: fox, father); in the forms of other cases, plural endings are used. h. ( twotheir , fives (cf.: foxes, fathers); twothem , fiveth (cf.: fox, fatherly)).

MORPHOLOGY

NUMERAL

§ 37. DECLINATION OF ORDINAL NUMBERS

MATERIAL FOR OBSERVATION AND REFLECTION

Compare how simple and complex cardinal and ordinal numbers are declined. What is the difference between their declinations?

Ordinal numbers are declined like adjectives, and their endings are determined by the question, for example: car (which?) is seventh.

In complex ordinal numbers, when declension, the first part always has the form of the genitive case (except for the numerals ninety, one hundred): sixtieth, five hundredth.

When declension of compound ordinal numbers

Only the last word changes, for example:

I. one hundred and sixty-four

R. one hundred and sixty-four

D. one hundred and sixty-four

V. one hundred and sixty-four

TV one hundred sixty-fourth

Etc. (o) one hundred and sixty-four

234. I. Read the text.

Creating handwritten books was a difficult and time-consuming task. The production of each of them took not 1 year, but sometimes from 5 to 7 years. The creator of the book - the scribe - needed to have clear and beautiful handwriting.

II. Write sentences with numerals, replacing numbers with words. Make a morphological analysis of these numerals.

235. I. Look at the table and compare how compound cardinal and ordinal numbers are declined. What is the difference in their declension?

II. Using the table, verbally decline the combination 2014.

– If ordinal numbers are part of the names of holidays, events, significant dates, then they are written with a capital letter: The Ninth of May, The Eighth of March.

If the ordinal number in these names is written as a number, then the word following it is written with a capital letter: May 9, March 8.

In phrases of an ordinal number and a noun, denoting the day and month of the year, the noun is placed in the genitive case: before the first of April.

236. Write three or four sentences including the names of your favorite holidays. Make a morphological analysis of one of the numerals used.

237. Open the brackets and write the numbers in words.

238. Read this sentence out loud. Write out cardinal numbers from it in words, determine their category by composition, form and write ordinal numbers.

Explain the placement of punctuation marks in a sentence.

Did you know that the Japanese language now uses 4000 - 6000 characters, Chinese - 600, Russian - 33 letters, Moldavian - 31, French, English - 26, German - 23, Greek - 22?

239. I. Read the text. Write down the ordinal numbers given in it with the nouns that agree with them. Determine their case.

The ceremonial foundation stone of the Cathedral of Christ the Savior in Moscow took place on September 10, 1849. The consecration of the temple took place only in the 44th year of its existence and took place on May 26, 1883.

The work went on continuously. Only brick and stone work (30 million bricks were laid) lasted 10 years. In 1860, all finishing work was completed, the scaffolding was removed, and the temple for the first time revealed all its grandeur and grandeur. Its main wealth is spiritual, because the temple is a monument. And what could be more valuable than human memory!

Moscow. Cathedral of Christ the Savior (restored in 1994-1997)

II. Explain the spelling of capital letters in the words of the text.

240. Translate the text from Ukrainian into Russian in writing, writing numbers in words. Make a morphological analysis of one of the numerals.

LET'S LOOK INTO THE DICTIONARY

Potichok is a stream.

Cordon - border.

The turns are the origins.

Uprodovzh - throughout.

The Dnieper begins in Russia with a small flow*. However, closer to the border* with Ukraine there is a thin river (the third largest in Europe), which replenishes the water with tributaries. There are as many as 15,380 of them on the 2,200-kilometer Dnieper route. There are 80 hundreds of our water resources here. The river is navigable for a distance of 2000 kilometers. This is a cascade of 6 reservoirs, which regulate 44 cubic kilometers of water. Around 30 million Ukrainians swim in this water.

(From the newspaper)

SUMMARY WHAT WE LEARNED

1. Answer questions, complete tasks.

– What is the role of numerals in speech? Give examples.

– Numerals are used mainly in combination with nouns. Why? Illustrate this with examples.

- Three friends - three friends. How are the numerals in these phrases different?

2. Compose and write down the phrases “numeral + noun”.

Four, four (girlfriends). Three, three (scissors). Five, five (oranges). Seven, seven (guys). Two, two (kilograms).

3. Complete test tasks. Choose the correct answer from the data.

1. In which series are all numerals simple?

And six hundred, forty, twenty-five

B three, one hundred, million

At five thousand, three sevenths, nine

G twenty two, one third, second

2. Is eighteen needed in the numerals nine hundred?

A is needed in the first word, but not needed in the second

B is not needed in the first, but is needed in the second

B in both words is not needed

G is needed in both words

4. Read, pronouncing the numerals correctly.

To 1 4 add 75 from 55 subtract 11

From 47 add 68 from 78 subtract 60

5. Write the number 555 words. Decline this numeral in writing. Emphasize the endings. Tell us about the declension of compound numerals.

6. Read fractions. Write them down in words.

7.1. Read the text. Write down the divided numbers in words. Talk about the use and spelling of the written numerals.

About cats

About 36 species of predators of the feline family live in forests, deserts, riverine thickets, and mountains. The smallest representatives of wild cats are up to 46 centimeters long, weighing just under 3 kilograms, and the largest are about 4 meters and about 400 kilograms.

Once upon a time in Transcaucasia, a lion was considered a common animal, a. There are still over 100 wild lions in India.

Previously, cheetahs were used both for hunting and at ceremonial receptions. Ego is one of the fastest-footed animals. The cheetah reaches speeds of up to 112 kilometers per hour. Until recently, a tiger lived next to him. These animals live longer than other cats - up to 50 years.

Leopard, lynx, and wild forest cat live side by side with the tiger.

II. Make a morphological analysis of one of the written numerals.

8. Write down the numbers given in the text in words. Determine the rank of the written numerals. Retell the text

forest cat

The Kiev metro was opened on November 6, 1960. The modern Kiev metro (as of 2013) has 3 operating lines and 52 stations, of which 6 are above-ground. Arsenalnaya station is considered the deepest in Europe. It is located at a depth of 105.5 meters. In 2012, according to one of the authoritative British newspapers, the Golden Gate station was included in the list of the 22 most beautiful metro stations in Europe.

(According to the free encyclopedia Wikipedia)

9. I. Read the text and title it.

Ivan Konstantinovich Aivazovsky was born in Feodosia in 1817. As a child, little Vanya loved music and taught himself to play the violin. But my biggest hobby was drawing. The main “hero” of his paintings was the sea. The artist was attracted to a completely incomprehensible element, its constant variability.

Throughout his life, the artist painted about 6,000 paintings.

“The Ninth Wave” is the artist’s most famous painting. Sailors have the concept of the “ninth wave” - this is the strongest wave during a storm, bringing death and destruction. Powerful waves fill the entire space of the picture and seem to foreshadow the death of people frantically clinging to the wreckage of the ship.

But the rays of the sun that penetrate the water inspire confidence that people will emerge victorious from the mortal struggle.

II. Determine the syntactic role of numerals in the text.

III. Look at the reproduction of I. Aivazovsky’s painting “The Ninth Wave” and describe it using numerals.

I. Aivazovsky. Ninth Wave

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Declension of numerals from fifty to eighty and from two hundred to nine hundred

In cardinal numbers from 50 to 80 and from 200 to 900, both parts are declined.

Declension of numerals thousand, million, billion

The word thousand is declined as a feminine noun in -ya (like nanny); the words million and billion are declined as masculine nouns with a consonant (such as house).

Declension of compound cardinal numerals

When declension of compound cardinal numerals changes all the words from which they are composed:

Declension of fractional numbers

Remember: with a mixed number, the fraction controls the noun, which is always placed in the genitive case of the singular (cf.: three-fifths of a liter, but five liters; two-sevenths of a kilogram, but seven kilograms).

Declension of ordinal numbers

Ordinal numbers, like adjectives, change according to cases, numbers and genders: the seventh car (seventh, seventh, etc.), third stop, fifth place, first months. In compound ordinal numbers, only the last word is declined.

Remember: the year two thousand - two thousand and the first year (before) the year two thousand - (before) two thousand and the first year (to) the year two thousand - (to) two thousand and the first When specifying a date after an ordinal number, the name of the month is put in the genitive case: to the first September, before the twelfth of December.

Ex. 94. Decline.

37 students, 954 books, one and a half kilograms, one and a half hundred kilometers, 3/4 hours, 735th school.

Ex. 95. Write sentences replacing numbers with words.

1) The fields sown with wheat occupied an area of ​​more than 1250 hectares. 2) The weight of the third artificial Earth satellite was 1326 kg. 3) Add 3/5 to 2/5, you get 1. 4) Cedars live up to 800-850 years. 5) The ship with 388 excursionists set off on its next voyage. 6) 10 years after the discovery of South America, in 1502, Columbus reached the coast of Central America. 7) The length of the capital’s underground road reached 173 kilometers, and the length of bus and trolleybus lines reached 4,300 kilometers. 8) Together with 1203 new words, the German language textbook will contain over 4500 words. 9) The difference between 87 and 54 is 33. 10) By 2010, the city's population will be at least 1.5 million people. Remember: combinations of compound numerals ending in two, three, four (i.e. 22, 23, 24, 32, 33, 34... 102, 103, 104, etc.), with nouns used only in plural (day, scissors, tongs, etc.) are impossible in literary speech. If appropriate designations are necessary, synonymous replacements of nouns should be used or a compound numeral should be used not in the nominative or accusative cases. For example: Twenty-two days passed, thirty-three pieces of scissors were bought, within twenty-two days, etc.

Ex. 96. Correct errors related to the incorrect use of combinations of words with cardinal and ordinal numbers.

1) By the fifteenth of April two thousand and nine, it is planned to open a house-museum of a famous artist in our city. 2) There are more than one and a half hundred amateur school orchestras in our region. 3) The amazingly beautiful cathedral with three thousand six hundred and eighty-five frescoes, built in the 16th century, is one of the most striking attractions of Rome. 4) In 2001, energy consumption by enterprises in the region will increase 1.3 times. 5) Twenty-four sleds took part in the dog sled race. Remember: collective numerals are used only with masculine and general nouns naming male persons: two friends, three orphans; - with nouns that have only plural forms: two scissors, three days; - with nouns children, guys, people, person (meaning “person”): two children, three unfamiliar faces; - with personal pronouns we, you, they: there are two of us; - with substantivized numerals and adjectives denoting persons: three latecomers entered, two are running. Collective numerals are not combined with nouns denoting female persons, as well as with masculine nouns - the names of adult animals. Combinations of collective numerals with nouns denoting a person’s high social position are undesirable.

Ex. 97. Choose the correct form of the numeral and noun.

For (five - five) women; (three - three) beautiful (horses - horses); (six - six) factory workers; (four - four) (scissors - scissors); (two - two) acquaintances (persons - persons); (four - four) (students - female students).

Ex. 98. Find, explain and correct errors in the use of collective numerals.

1) Three athletes performed very well. 2) The Olympics lasted three days. 3) We spent two days and nights preparing for the exam. 4) Seven girls and five boys left school. 5) Four students received an additional task. 6) Three professors made a report. 7) Seven generals arrived for the exercise.

Name: Declension of numerals.

Numeral- an independent part of speech denoting the number, quantity and order of objects. Answers the questions: How much? Which? Which?

Numerals are divided into three lexico-grammatical categories:
1. Collective (both, two, five)
2. Quantitative (two, five, twenty, fifty, two hundred, three hundred fifty-one)
3. Ordinal (first, second, hundredth).

At the same time, cardinal numerals include definite and indefinite quantitative numerals. The first ones denote a certain number of units (two, four, fifteen, one and a half hundred, two hundred), the second ones - an indefinite number of units; These include the words little, no little, many, little, as well as the pronominal numerals several, how many, how many, some, so much.

Cardinal numbers denote the actual quantity, and collective- quantity as a set: there are four boys in the room, three have dark hair.

Declension of numerals five, six, seven, eight, nine occurs on the model of third declension nouns (night, shadow)

But: instrumental case: eight and eight.

-twenty, such as eleven, twelve, thirty and others are declined as follows:

Numerals ending in -ten, such as fifty, sixty, etc., are declined as follows:

But: instrumental case - eighty And eighty

In complex numerals from fifty to eighty and from two hundred to nine hundred, both parts of the word are declined.

Declension of numerals 40, 90, 100.

Declension of collective numerals both, both

Declension of cardinal numbers

In compound cardinal numerals, all words forming them are declined, and nouns denoting countable objects in all cases, except for the nominative and accusative, agree with the numeral in the case.
For example: a series of manuals with three hundred and sixty-seven drawings.
But: there are three hundred and sixty-seven drawings in the manual (sixty-three drawings).

The word thousand is declined as a feminine noun in -a; the words million and billion are declined like masculine nouns with a consonant as the stem.

Memo:

The numerals forty, ninety and one hundred have only two forms: forty, ninety, hundred (i.p., v.p.) and forty, ninety, hundred (in all other cases). Therefore, it is correct: with ninety rubles, about forty students, with a hundred problems, and NOT *with ninety rubles, about forty students, with a hundred problems.

The numeral one and a half has two forms of the nominative case - one and a half (m.r. and s.r.) and one and a half (f.r.): one and a half liters, one and a half logs, one and a half lives. The form of all indirect cases (except the accusative) is one and a half. That's right: about one and a half days, and NOT *about one and a half days, *one and a half days.

CORRECT: Until what time is the library open? She works until so-and-so, NOT *until what, until so-and-so.

CORRECT: one thousand employees, one million employees, three thousand employees (etc.), one thousand employees, one million employees, three thousand employees, one thousand employees and one thousand employees (etc.).
CORRECT: address twenty-five thousand students, but address twenty-five thousand one hundred students.