"People's Defender" - Grisha Dobrosklonov As opposed to repulsive. Presentation on the topic "The People's Protector" - Grisha Dobrosklonov

The poem “To whom it is good to live in Rus'” already in its title contains a question, the answer to which worried any enlightened person at the time of Nekrasov. And although the heroes of the work do not find someone who lives well, the author nevertheless makes it clear to the reader who he considers happy. The answer to this question is hidden in the image of Grisha Dobrosklonov, a hero who appears in the last part of the poem, but is far from the last in ideological terms.

For the first time, readers get to know Grisha in the chapter “Good Time - Good Songs”, during a feast, due to which the image of Grisha in “Who Lives Well in Rus'” is initially associated with the concept of people's happiness. His father, the parish clerk, enjoys the love of the people - it is not without reason that he is invited to a peasant holiday. In turn, the clerk and sons are characterized as "simple guys, kind", along with the peasants, they mow and "drink vodka on holidays." So from the very beginning of creating the image, Nekrasov makes it clear that Grisha shares his whole life with the people.

Then the life of Grisha Dobrosklonov is described in more detail. Despite his origins from the clergy, Grisha was familiar with poverty from childhood. His father, Tryphon, lived "poorer than the seedy last peasant."

Even a cat and a dog chose to run away from the family, unable to withstand hunger. All this is due to the fact that the sexton has a “light disposition”: he is always hungry and always looking for somewhere to drink. At the beginning of the chapter, the sons lead him, drunk, home. He boasts of his children, but he forgot to think about whether they are full.

It is no easier for Grisha in the seminary, where the already meager food is taken away by the "grabber economy." That is why Grisha has a “thin” face - sometimes he cannot fall asleep from hunger until the morning, everything is waiting for breakfast. Nekrasov several times focuses the reader's attention on this particular feature of Grisha's appearance - he is thin and pale, although in another life he could be a fine fellow: he has a wide bone and red hair. This appearance of the hero partly symbolizes all of Rus', which has the prerequisites for a free and happy life, but so far lives in a completely different way.

Grisha from childhood is familiar with the main problems of the peasantry: overwork, hunger and drunkenness. But all this does not embitter, but rather hardens the hero. From the age of fifteen, a firm conviction matures in him: you need to live exclusively for the good of your people, no matter how poor and wretched they are. In this decision, he is strengthened by the memory of his mother, caring and hardworking Domnushka, who lived a short century because of her labors ...

The image of Grisha's mother is the image of a Russian peasant woman beloved by Nekrasov, meek, unrequited, and at the same time carrying a huge gift of love. Grisha, her "beloved son", did not forget his mother after her death, moreover, her image merged for him with the image of the entire Vakhlachin. The last maternal gift - the song "Salty", testifying to the depth of maternal love - will accompany Grisha all his life. He sings it in the seminary, where "gloomy, strict, hungry."

And longing for his mother leads him to a selfless decision to devote his life to others who are equally disadvantaged.

Note that the songs are very important for the characterization of Grisha in Nekrasov's poem "Who Lives Well in Rus'". They briefly and accurately reveal the essence of the ideas and aspirations of the hero, his main life priorities are clearly visible.

The first of the songs that sound from the lips of Grisha conveys his attitude towards Rus'. It can be seen that he perfectly understands all the problems that torn the country apart: slavery, ignorance and the disgrace of the peasants - Grisha sees all this without embellishment. He easily selects words that can terrify any, the most insensitive listener, and this shows his pain for his native country. And at the same time, the song contains hope for future happiness, the belief that the desired will is already approaching: “But you will not die, I know!” ...

Grisha's next song, about a barge hauler, reinforces the impression of the first, depicting in detail the fate of an honest worker who spends "honestly earned pennies" in a tavern. From private destinies, the hero moves to the image of "all mysterious Rus'" - this is how the song "Rus" is born. This is the anthem of his country, full of sincere love, in which faith in the future is heard: "The army rises - innumerable." However, someone is needed who would become the head of this army, and this fate is destined for Dobrosklonov.

There are two ways, - Grisha thinks, - one of them is wide, thorny, but a crowd greedy for temptations goes along it. There is an eternal struggle for "mortal blessings". It is on it, unfortunately, that the wanderers, the main characters of the poem, are sent at the beginning. They see happiness in purely practical things: wealth, honor and power. Therefore, it is not surprising that they fail to meet Grisha, who has chosen a different path for himself, "close, but honest." Only strong and loving souls who want to intercede for the offended go along this path. Among them is the future people's protector Grisha Dobrosklonov, for whom fate is preparing "a glorious path, ... consumption and Siberia." This road is not easy and does not bring personal happiness, and yet, according to Nekrasov, only in this way - in unity with all the people - can one become truly happy. The “great truth” expressed in Grisha Dobrosklonov’s song gives him such joy that he runs home, “jumping” with happiness and feeling “immense strength” in himself. At home, his enthusiasm is confirmed and shared by his brother, who spoke of Grisha's song as "divine" - i.e. finally acknowledging that he had the truth on his side.

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Composition on the topic “The image of the people's protector Grisha Dobrosklonov. 3.00 /5 (60.00%) 2 votes

In Nikolai Alekseevich Nekrasov’s poem “Who Lives Well in Rus'”, we see a huge variety of images and heroes. They are all different: rich and poor, workers and clergymen, bares and princes. Each of the images is important and, of course, carries a huge meaning.
All the heroes of the poem can be divided into two groups. The first group is peasants, workers. These include Yakim Nagogoy, Yermila Grinin, old man Savely, Ipat, Klim and other peasants. This group of people are simple workers who have fallen into economic dependence and cannot find true happiness in any way. Each of them tells his own story, they are all different, but they have the same meaning: the heavy share of the Russian people does not allow him to live peacefully and happily. The peasants are in constant submission, one might even say "slavery" to their masters. Constantly busy with hard work, enduring all the hardships of everyday peasant life, people could "rest" only on holidays. Drinking was the only entertainment for the working peasants. Bitter drunkenness ruined many of them.
The second group is the boyars, the princes - the ruling class. Many of the peasants are slavishly devoted to them and are happy that they can obey the boyars.

Among the variety of all heroes, one can be distinguished, not like everyone else. This is Grigory Dobrosklonov. Grisha is the son of a village sexton, he is one of the representatives of the peasantry in the poem. The life of this hero should be different than that of the peasants, because according to the law, serfdom should not have been extended to church employees. But, the life of Grigory Dobrosklonov and his relatives was no different from the life of other working peasants. Peasant life is close to the hero, he personally knew all the hardships and worries of the peasants. From childhood, Gregory was brave and was not afraid of either work or hard life. Here is how Nekrasov writes about him:
"And soon in the boy's heart
With love to the poor mother
Love for all
Merged - and fifteen years
Gregory already knew for sure
To whom will he give his whole life
And for whom will he die?
In confirmation of the above, I quote: “In love for the people, he found something unshakable, some kind of unshakable and holy outcome to everything that tormented him. And if so, then, therefore, he did not find anything holier, more unshakable, more true than to bow before. He could not believe all self-justification only in verses about the people. And if so, then, therefore, he bowed before the People's Truth. If he did not find anything in his life more worthy of love than the people, then, therefore, he recognized the Truth of the people, And the Truth among the people, And that the truth exists and is preserved only among the people. If he did not quite consciously, not in conviction, he admitted this, then he admitted it with his heart, irresistibly, irresistibly. In this vicious peasant, whose humiliated and humiliating image tormented him so much, he found, therefore, something true and holy, which he could not help but revere, to which he could not but respond with all his heart. (From the "Diary of a Writer") S. A. Andreevsky.
We see that Gregory was ready to intercede, fight and, if necessary, fight for the people. In my opinion, Nekrasov compares this hero with himself and through his actions and words expresses his attitude to what is happening around him.
Grigory Dobrosklonov, who grew up in a poor family of a lazy and mediocre deacon, in hunger and cold, was hardened by life from childhood. That is why he set a life goal for himself so early and never retreated from it.
The hero has such important qualities as the ability to compassion, quick wit, intelligence, strong convictions, diligence, physical health.
The significance of this hero in the poem “To whom it is good to live in Rus'” is great, we can say that the image of Grigory Dobrosklonov is the main image in the entire poem.
Nekrasov, with all his work, and in particular with this poem, wanted to convey to the people the need to fight for their lives, for a better life, for their rights. The poet believed that the most important thing is to fight for happiness.
Using the example of other heroes, Nekrasov shows us the outcome of people who want to "go with the flow", who are lazy and believe that nothing will come of them. For example, Yakim Nagoi saw his happiness in drinking, in other ways, like many others. Many of the peasants believed that it was necessary to wait a while, and everything would work out by itself. This opinion is erroneous, the poet calls on everyone to live like Grisha Dobrosklonov, like a real fighter for the happiness of the people. Nekrasov writes that "incalculable power" lurks in the Russian people. Only this force was allowed into an unnecessary channel. The poet called on the peasants to fight for their lives, for happiness and a worthy future. Grigory Dobrosklonov, a courageous, strong and brave hero, was “appointed” as a role model by Nekrasov.

slide 2

In contrast to the repulsive images of the oppressors of the people, the poem depicts a bright and noble image of the "people's protector". He is a seminarian Grisha Dobrosklonov Grisha Dobrosklonov - the son of an "unrequited laborer" and a rural deacon who lived "poorer than the last rundown peasant." A hungry childhood, a harsh youth brought him closer to the people, accelerated spiritual maturation and determined Grisha's life path: ... at the age of fifteen, Grigory already knew for sure That he would live for the happiness of his wretched and dark native corner.

slide 3

In many of his character traits, Grisha resembles Dobrolyubov. Like Dobrolyubov, Grisha Dobrosklonov is a fighter for the people's happiness; he wants to be the first there, "where it is difficult to breathe, where grief is heard."

slide 4

The image of Grigory Nekrasov gave an answer to the question: what should a fighter for the people's interests do? Go to the humiliated, Go to the offended. You are needed there.

slide 5

Gregory joins the ranks of those who are ready "to fight, to work for the bypassed, for the oppressed." Grisha's thoughts are constantly turned "to all mysterious Rus', to the people." In his soul, "love for the poor mother merged with love for the whole vakhlachin." Gregory is a faithful son of the people. In the image of Grisha Dobrosklonov, Nekrasov sees a representative of the working masses, who is vitally connected with it: “No matter how dark the Vakhlachina is,” no matter how clogged with corvée and slavery, she, “with blessing, put such a messenger in Grigory Dobrosklonov.” Concerns about personal well-being are alien to him, for him "the share of the people, their happiness, light and freedom are above all."

slide 6

The Nekrasov revolutionary is ready to give his life so that "every peasant lives freely and cheerfully in all of holy Rus'." Grisha is not alone. Hundreds of people like him have already come out on the "honest paths", in the battle for an "honest cause". For him, like other fighters, ... fate prepared the glorious path, the loud name of the People's Protector, Consumption and Siberia.

Slide 7

But Grisha is not afraid of the upcoming trials, because he believes in the triumph of the cause to which he devoted his life. He knows that his homeland "is destined to suffer a lot more", but he believes that it will not perish, and therefore feels "immense forces in his chest." He sees that a people of many millions is awakening to the struggle: An innumerable army is rising! The strength in it will be indestructible!

Slide 8

To the main question of the poem - who lives well in Rus'? - Nekrasov responds with the image of Grisha Dobrosklonov, "the people's protector." That is why the poet says: Our wanderers would be under their native roof, If only they could know what was happening with Grisha. Difficult, but beautiful is the path that Grisha Dobrosklonov follows. “Only strong loving souls enter this path.” True happiness awaits a person on it, for only one can be happy, says Nekrasov, who devotes himself to the struggle for the good and happiness of the people.

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Grisha Dobrosklonov is fundamentally different from other characters in the poem. If the life of the peasant woman Matryona Timofeevna, Yakim Nagogoy, Saveliy, Yermila Girin and many others is shown in submission to fate and the prevailing circumstances, then Grisha has a completely different attitude to life. The poem shows Grisha's childhood, tells about his father and mother. His life was more than hard, his father was lazy and poor: Poorer than the seedy Last peasant Lived Tryphon. Two little chambers: One with a smoky stove, The other a sazhen - summer, And all here is short-lived; There are no cows, no horses, There was a dog Zudushka, There was a cat - and they left. Such was Grisha's father, he least of all cared about what his wife and children eat. The deacon boasted of the children, And what they eat - And he forgot to think. He himself was always hungry, All spent on searches, Where to drink, where to eat. Grisha's mother died early, she was ruined by constant sorrows and worries about daily bread. The poem contains a song that tells about the fate of this poor woman. The song cannot leave any reader indifferent, because it is evidence of a huge inescapable human grief. The lyrics of the song are very simple, they tell how a child suffering from hunger asks his mother for a piece of bread with salt. But salt is too expensive for poor people to buy. And the mother, in order to feed her son, waters a piece of bread with her tears. Grisha remembered this song from childhood. She made him remember his unfortunate mother, mourn her fate. And soon in the boy's heart With love for the poor mother Love for the whole Vakhlachin Merged - and for fifteen years Grigory knew for sure That he would live for the happiness of the Poor and dark Good Corner. Gregory does not agree to submit to fate and lead the same sad and miserable life that is characteristic of most people around him. Grisha chooses a different path for himself, becomes a people's intercessor. He is not afraid that his life will not be easy. Fate prepared for him the Glorious Path, the loud name of the People's Protector, Consumption and Siberia. From childhood, Grisha lived among poor, unfortunate, despised and helpless people. He absorbed all the troubles of the people with his mother's milk, therefore he does not want and cannot live for the sake of his selfish interests. He is very smart and has a strong character. And it leads him to a new road, does not allow him to remain indifferent to national disasters. Grigory's reflections on the fate of the people testify to the liveliest compassion that makes Grisha choose such a difficult path for himself. In the soul of Grisha Dobro-Sklonov, the confidence is gradually ripening that his homeland will not perish, despite all the suffering and sorrows that have befallen her lot: In moments of despondency, oh motherland! I am thinking ahead. You are still destined to suffer a lot, But you will not die, I know. Gregory's reflections, which "were poured out in song," betray in him a very literate and educated person. He is well aware of the political problems of Russia, and the fate of the common people is inseparable from these problems and difficulties. Historically, Russia "was a deeply unhappy country, repressed, slavishly without justice." The shameful seal of serfdom has turned the common people into disenfranchised creatures, and all the problems caused by this cannot be discounted. The consequences of the Tatar-Mongol yoke also had a significant impact on the formation of the national character. Russian man combines slavish obedience to fate, and this is the main cause of all his troubles. The image of Grigory Dobrosklonov is closely connected with the revolutionary democratic ideas that began to appear in society in the middle of the 19th century. Nekrasov created his hero, focusing on the fate of N. A. Dobrolyubov Grigory Dobrosklonov is a type of revolutionary raznochinets. He was born into the family of a poor deacon, from childhood he felt all the disasters that are characteristic of the life of ordinary people. Grigory received an education, and besides, being an intelligent and enthusiastic person, he cannot remain indifferent to the situation in the country. Grigory understands perfectly well that now there is only one way out for Russia - radical changes in the social system. The common people can no longer be the same dumb community of slaves that meekly endures all the antics of their masters: Enough! Finished with the last calculation, Finished with the master! The Russian people are gathering strength And learning to be a citizen. The image of Grigory Dobrosklonov in Nekrasov's poem “Who Lives Well in Rus'” inspires hope in the moral and political revival of Rus', in changes in the consciousness of the simple Russian people. The end of the poem shows that people's happiness is possible. And even if it is still far from the moment when a simple person can call himself happy. But time will pass and everything will change. And far from the last role in this will be played by Grigory Dobrosklonov and his ideas.

Nekrasov, the great Russian writer, created many works in which he sought to reveal something new to the world. The poem "Who lives well in Rus'" is no exception. The most important hero for revealing the topic is Grisha Dobrosklonov, a simple peasant with complex desires and thoughts.

Prototype

The last to be mentioned, but the first most important image of the poem “Who Lives Well in Rus'” is Grisha Dobrosklonov. According to the sister of the poet Butkevich A.A., the artist Dobrolyubov became the hero. Butkevich argued so for a reason. Firstly, such statements were made by Nekrasov himself, and secondly, this is confirmed by the consonance of surnames, the character of the hero and the attitude of the prototype towards selfless and purposeful fighters on the side of the people.

Tverdokhlebov I. Yu. believes that the image of Grisha Dobrosklonov is a kind of cast of the features of such famous figures as Belinsky, Dobrolyubov and Chernyshevsky, who together create the ideal of the hero of the revolution. It should also be noted that Nekrasov did not leave without attention a new type of public figure - a populist, who combined the features of both a revolutionary and a religious activist.

Common features

The image of Grigory Dobrosklonov demonstrates that he is a bright representative of the propagandist of the revolution, who seeks to prepare the masses for the struggle against the capitalist foundations. The features of this hero embodied the most romantic features of the revolutionary youth.

Considering this hero, one must also take into account that Nekrasov set about creating him in 1876, that is, at a time when "going to the people" was already complicated by many factors. Some scenes of the work confirm that Grisha was preceded by "wandering" propagandists.

As for Nekrasov's attitude to the simple working people, here he expressed his special attitude. His revolutionary leads him to live and grow up in Vakhlachin. The people's protector Grisha Dobrosklonov is a hero who knows his people well, understands all the troubles and sorrows that have befallen him. He is one of them, therefore, there is no doubt or suspicion among a simple man. Grisha is the poet's hope, his bet on the representatives of the revolutionary peasantry.

Composite image

The poet himself notes that in the image of Grisha, he captured the features that were characteristic of the revolutionary-minded youth of the 1860-1870s, the French Communards and progressive representatives of the peasantry. The researchers argue that the image of Grisha Dobrosklonov is somewhat schematic. But this is easily explained by the fact that Nekrasov created a new historical type of hero and could not fully portray in him everything he wanted. This was influenced by the conditions that accompanied the creation of a new type, and the historical features of the time.

Nekrasov reveals his vision of a public figure, concretizing the deep historical roots of the struggle of the people, depicting the spiritual and political connection of the hero with the fate and hopes of the people, systematizing them in the images of specific individuals and individual characteristics of the biography.

Characteristics of the hero

The image of the people's protector Grisha Dobrosklonov describes a simple guy from the people who is eager to fight the established social strata. He stands on the same level with ordinary peasants and is no different from them. Already at the very beginning of his life, he learned what need, hunger and poverty are, and realized that these phenomena must be resisted. For him, the order that prevailed in the seminary was the result of an unjust social order. Already during his studies, he realized all the hardships of seminary life and was able to comprehend them.

In the 60s of the XIX century, seminarians grew up on the works of freedom-loving Russian authors. Many writers came out of the clerical students, for example, Pomyalovsky, Levitov, Chernyshevsky and others. Revolutionary hardening, closeness to the people and natural abilities make the image of Grisha Dobrosklonov a symbol of the people's leader. The character of the young seminarian contains characteristic youthful features, such as spontaneity, shyness, combined with selflessness and strong will.

Hero Feelings

Grisha Dobrosklonov is full of love, which he pours out on his suffering mother, on his homeland and people. In the poem there is even a specific reflection of his love for ordinary people, whom he helps "to the best of his ability." He reaps, mows, sows and celebrates holidays together with ordinary peasants. He likes to spend time with other guys, wander through the forest and pick mushrooms.

He sees his personal, personal happiness in the happiness of others, in peasant joy. It is not so easy to protect the downtrodden, but Grisha Dobrosklonov does everything to alleviate the fate of the disadvantaged.

Image disclosure

Grisha reveals his feelings through songs, and through them he also points the way to the happiness of a simple peasant. The first song is addressed to the intelligentsia, which the hero seeks to encourage to protect the common people - this is the whole Grisha Dobrosklonov. The characteristic of the next song is explained simply: it motivates the people to fight, seeks to teach the peasants "to be a citizen." After all, this is precisely the goal of his life - he longs to improve the life of the poor class.

The image of Grisha Dobrosklonov is revealed not only in songs, but also in his noble, radiant anthem. The seminarian devotes himself to chanting the time when a revolution will become possible in Rus'. To explain whether there will be a revolution in the future or whether it has already started its first sprouts, Nekrasov used the image of the “Third Day”, which is mentioned four times in the poem. This is not a historical detail, the city burned to the ground is a symbol of the overthrow of the fortress foundations.

Conclusion

The realization of wandering peasants who are trying to figure out who in Rus' should live well, how they can use their strength to improve the life of the people, is the result of the poem. They realized that the only way to make people happy is to eradicate the “support”, to make everyone free - Grisha Dobrosklonov prompts them to such an idea. The characterization of his image emphasizes the existence of two main problematic lines: who is "happier" and who is "sinner" - which are resolved as a result. The happiest for Grisha are the fighters for the people's happiness, and the most sinful are the traitors of the people. Grigory Dobrosklonov is a new revolutionary hero, an engine of historical force that will consolidate freedom.