Meat consumption per capita in the countries of the world and average life expectancy. Beef loses global competition to poultry Meat consumption statistics in the world
The volume of beef consumption in the world in 2016 increased by 2% and amounted to almost 59 million tons. According to the USDA forecast, in 2017 the volume of beef consumption in the world will continue its positive dynamics
According to marketing research of the world and Russian beef market conducted by the company GLOBAL REACH CONSULTING (GRC), the volume of beef consumption in the world in 2016 increased by 2% and amounted to almost 59 million tons. According to the forecast of the USDA, in 2017 the volume of beef consumption in the world will continue its positive dynamics and grow by another 2%.
The United States is the world's largest beef consumer. In 2016, this country accounted for 20% of the global consumption of this type of meat. China, the European Union and Brazil share 13% each.
Russia in terms of beef consumption is in eighth place in the world with a share of 3%. According to 2016 data, about 59% of the available beef resources in Russia were sold to the public. 41% of the beef went to intermediate use, which refers to the processing of meat by industrial enterprises that produce food products.
It should be noted that beef consumption in Russia has been declining in recent years. According to the results of 2016, beef consumption per capita is estimated at 14.1 kg, which is 5% lower than the level of the previous year.
* The given values were calculated by GLOBAL REACH CONSULTING (GRC) analysts on the basis of Rosstat, USDA
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German ecologists have released a "Meat Atlas" on the consumption of meat and poultry in the world. According to their calculations, every year humanity eats 64.6 billion heads of livestock and poultry.
The Heinrich Böll Foundation and the Friends of the Earth network of environmental organizations have published an annual issue of the Meat Atlas. On the cover of the publication, above a world map with continents made from pieces of raw meat, there is a subtitle: “Facts and figures about the animals we eat,” reports the BBC Russian Service.
Most meat per capita is consumed in developed countries: in the United States, on average, more than 75 kilograms per person, in Germany - about 60 kg. For comparison: according to the Ministry of Agriculture of Russia, the average Russian eats about 70 kg of meat per year (of which 25.5 kg of poultry meat, 21.9 kg of pork and 16.2 kg of beef). These are huge amounts compared to meat consumption rates in China (38 kg) and Africa (less than 20 kg).
However, while in developed countries meat consumption has stabilized, and in some countries, such as Germany, it is even declining, in developing countries, in particular China and India, the number of meat eaters is growing rapidly.
World meat consumption is on the rise, and environmentalists are concerned about the social consequences of this process: the more meat we eat, the more animals we have to feed. As a result, an increasing amount of agricultural land is given over to fodder crops such as soybeans. 70% of the world's arable land is now used to grow animal feed, not human food, according to The Meat Atlas.
According to Barbara Unmüssig, this has a negative effect on wrestling, as large corporations push small farmers off their land. And industrial methods of raising animals lead to the use of a large amount of harmful substances, she argues.
On the consequences of increasing meat consumption for health publication does not report. However, doctors have long noticed the rise in the number of "diseases of the rich": as the population of developing countries grows richer and switches to a Western meat diet, the more people suffer from heart attacks, strokes, cancer, diabetes, and so on.
Which countries eat the most meat? Where do you think most meat-eaters live? The results of the study conducted by experts may surprise you.
The Organization for Development and Economic Cooperation (OECD) promotes policies aimed at improving the living standards of people living on our planet. This organization annually conducts research and publishes their results. Various spheres of life of citizens living in more than two hundred OECD member countries are subject to monitoring.
Statista and Forbes have developed a handy chart that allows you to track which countries consume the most lamb, beef, poultry, pork, veal. Let's find out where the largest number of meat lovers live.
1. Australia
Yes, the Land of Antipodes is up for the top prize in the per capita meat consumption competition. On average, an Australian eats 93 kg of meat per year.
2. USA
Surprisingly, Americans are not at all chasing the title of the world's main meat-eaters. However, the statistics are impressive: 91 kg per person in 12 months.
3. Israel
Israelis eat an average of 86 kg. Is it a lot? Divide by 365 to represent your daily allowance.
4. Argentina
Argentines simply love meat, and in one calendar year each inhabitant of this sunny country eats on average about 85 kg.
5. Uruguay
Uruguayans consume approximately 83 kg of meat annually. Impressive, isn't it?
Per capita beef consumption has fallen 15.8% since 2013, according to the Milknews think tank. At the same time, the total consumption of meat of all types, on the contrary, increased by 1.9%. Milknews figured out what types of meat consumers in Russia and around the world prefer.
How are things in the world?
World meat production since the 1960s increased by 4-5 times: from 44 million tons in 1960 to 320 million tons in 2017, such data are published by the US Department of USDA. Most meat is produced in Asia and North America, together they account for almost half of the world's total product.
The most popular meats in the world, according to the FAO report, are pork and poultry. Last year, the production volume of these categories exceeded 118 and 117.98 million tons, respectively. For comparison, beef in the same period was produced almost two times less - only 69.94 million tons, lamb - 14.47.
Most beef is produced in the USA, Brazil, China and Argentina. Poultry meat - in the USA, EU, China and Brazil. Pork - in China, USA, Germany, Spain and Brazil.
Meat consumption is growing in the world along with the increase in population. Since the 1960s, per capita consumption has risen by 21 kg. According to the FAO, today the average person eats 43 kg of meat per year. The indicator varies depending on the countries, in Australia, for example, it is 116 kg per person, this is the highest value in the world. In Europe and the USA - 80 and 110 kg, respectively. In general, the world level of meat consumption directly depends on the level of income per capita. At the same time, the values in countries where the standard of living is high have practically not changed over the past 50 years and have always been an order of magnitude higher than the average. In countries with a high level of economic development - the United States, New Zealand, Germany and the UK - they traditionally eat more meat than in developing countries. The least meat is eaten in Africa, but here the values \u200b\u200bare very different depending on the region. In particularly poor countries, the figure does not exceed 10 kg per capita, in more prosperous South Africa - up to 70 kg.
The FAO report notes that the average person eats 16 kg of pork, 15 kg of poultry, 9 kg of beef and 2 kg of lamb and goat meat per year. Preferences vary greatly by country. For example, in China they love pork, does it amount to? of total meat consumption. The average New Zealander eats 20 kg of beef a year, one of the highest in the world.
What kind of meat is loved in Russia?
In Russia, meat consumption declined in the 1990s due to falling household incomes. Then the flow of cheap imports into the country increased, primarily from the United States. After the 1998 crisis, the situation changed, imports rose in price, and investors began to invest in the development of their own products in the country. Since the 2000s, along with rising incomes, consumption of meat of all kinds began to rise from 46 kg to a peak of 76 in 2013.
In recent years, the development of the meat market in Russia has determined the level of income of the population, which, according to Rosstat, has been declining for four years in a row. Only in 2017, the indicator decreased by 1.7%, a year earlier it lost 6%. Consumption was also influenced by the exchange rate and the geopolitical situation (sanctions and retaliatory measures).
The total consumption of meat of all types in 2017 amounted to 71 kg per capita, a year earlier this figure was 70.8 kg. Such values correspond to the norms of the Ministry of Health - from 70 to 75 kg per person per year. According to Nielsen, meat is included in the diet of the majority of Russian consumers, only 3% of buyers adhere to a vegetarian or vegan diet.
Russian consumers prefer to buy meat in discount stores. According to the Russian office of Nielsen, more than 60% of meat in kind and 55% in monetary terms go through this channel. 20% of meat products find buyers in hypermarkets, 15% - in supermarkets.
In the commodity group, the number of own brands is growing, so from November 2016 to April 2017, the growth rate of private labels in meat was 18% in kind and 24% in monetary terms. The presence of a quality meat department in a store is an important criterion for a good grocery store for Russian consumers, as reported by 55% of respondents polled by analysts.
In 2017, poultry became the most popular meat in Russia, its values exceeded all other product groups in the segment. Consumption per capita amounted to 34 kg, compared to 32.2 kg a year earlier. Since 2013, the figure has grown by a record 13%.
Within the industry of chilled meat products, the largest share is occupied by the category of loose raw meat: according to data for November 2016 - April 2017, it accounts for 65% in kind and 51% in monetary terms. According to Nielsen, in the structure of sales of raw loose meat, chicken occupies 83.2% in physical terms and 71.4% in monetary terms.
Russians prefer chicken to pork and beef because of the lower price, Nielsen Russia retail audit expert Maria Lapenkova is sure. The average cost of a kilogram of chicken meat is 143 rubles, the expert notes, while pork - 256, beef - 417 rubles. Vitaly Sheremet, head of the competence center in the agro-industrial complex of KPMG in Russia and the CIS, agrees with Lapenkova. "The reduction in beef consumption in recent years is directly related to the dynamics of the purchasing power of the population, we see that the buyer is looking for cheaper proteins of animal origin, and in this sense, poultry meat, in particular chicken, has practically no alternatives," he says.
Sergey Yushin, head of the executive committee of the National Meat Association, notes that both the assortment range and the physical availability of poultry and pork meat are much higher than beef. In addition, it is important to take into account consumer preferences, the expert believes, preparing a poultry dish is much faster and easier than beef, if we are not talking about premium meat steaks that can be fried in 6-10 minutes.
Along with poultry, the level of consumption of pork is also growing. After a significant drawdown in 2014 from 23.7 kg, the figure rose to 24.6 kg in 2016 and 26.1 in 2017. Pork sales account for 11.6% in kind and 17.8% in monetary terms. Experts attribute the growth in consumption in the segment to an increase in production, an increase in imports and, as a result, a decrease in prices for a product group. “Pork has noticeably fallen in price, before it was more expensive than beef, just 5-7 years ago, which was not normal, because pork in the world is even cheaper than poultry,” says Sergey Yushin.
Beef consumption has been consistently declining since 2014, when it peaked at 14.7 kg, by 2016 it dropped to 14, and in 2017 to 13.9 kg per capita. In the structure of sales of loose meat, beef occupies the smallest share - only 2.2% in physical terms and 5.6% in monetary terms.
Sergei Yushin believes that the growth of beef consumption in Russia should not be expected. “The structure of consumption goes from poultry to pork, from pork to beef, even a possible increase in household income does not mean that we will eat half of the total consumption of beef, we have already formed a consumption culture, many people love poultry because it is juicy meat ”, he argues. According to him, in the event of economic growth and the well-being of the Russian population, first of all, the volume of poultry consumption will increase among those who, at the current level of income, deny themselves meat or eat little of it.
“The structure of meat consumption in Russia does not differ from the world average standards, in the world beef accounts for about 5% of the total consumption, respectively, in terms of beef consumption, we are within the global average, each type of meat occupies the place that is really assigned to it, people get enough calories and consume enough animal protein,” Sergey Yushin is sure.
Poultry consumption will grow not only in Russia, but throughout the world, Vitaly Sheremet notes. "According to Rabobank's forecasts, by 2020, chicken meat will be the absolute first in sales in the world," he says. This is due not only to economic reasons, Sheremet believes.
"Among other factors, I would note such a thing as ecological foot print (ecological footprint) - in different countries, consumers are quite serious about the environmental damage caused by agriculture, and beef production is one of the most serious industries in terms of CO2 emissions, this stimulates the refusal of some consumers from meat in favor of plant foods," the expert summed up.
Ranked countries by the amount of meat consumption. For 177 countries, the average per capita consumption of beef, pork, poultry, lamb and other species was analyzed. The rating was built according to the total consumption of all types of meat. The results were unexpected. Most meat in a year (136.5 kilograms) eaten by the inhabitants of Luxembourg. Only 502 thousand 207 people live in this small country (as of 2010). But per year, on average, each Luxembourger consumes 43.8 kilograms of beef, 45.5 - pork, 39.8 - chicken, 1.7 - lamb, and 5.8 kilograms falls on other types of meat. Bacon connoisseurs Americans took 2nd place with a backlog of just over 10 kilograms: 125.4 kilograms. But in the USA, unlike Luxembourg, they eat much more chicken (51.8 kilograms). Although, according to this indicator, they are many times inferior to countries where chicken meat is the main one: Israel (67.9 kilograms), Antigua and Barbuda (58) and Saint Lucia (56.9 kilograms).
According to the total indicator, Australia closed the top three most meat-eating countries - 121.2 kilograms per year. Russia was given only 56th place. According to statistics, one a Russian eats 60.3 kilograms of meat per year. Moreover, most of all chicken (22.1 kilograms), 18 kilograms of pork and 17.6 kilograms of beef, a little more than a kilogram is mutton and other types of meat. Latvia overtook Russia with a total of 60.7 kilograms. And we are followed by Panama, where they eat 60 kilograms of meat a year, but more than half is chicken. China, by the way, occupies only 66th place in this ranking, since the annual consumption of meat for each Chinese is 54.1 kilograms.
Most Pork is eaten in Austria. Each Austrian eats an average of 66 kilograms of pork dishes per year, although in the overall ranking this country only ranks 7th. They also like to eat pork in New Zealand (60.9) and Germany (55.6). Although, according to the total indicator, the Germans are only in 21st place. Compared to pork, they eat relatively little beef and chicken: 13.2 and 15.5 kilograms. The Chinese also prefer pork to all other types of meat: 33.3 kilograms versus 4.7 for beef, 12 for chicken and 1.1 for lamb.
Lamb is the least eaten in the world. But the undisputed leader is Mongolia. Each inhabitant eats an average of 40.7 kilograms of this meat per year. But the Mongols practically do not eat pork and chicken, and in terms of the total indicator they occupy only 47th place. Iceland ranks second in terms of consumption of lamb meat, with 24.7 kilograms per year. Slightly less than this figure (23.1 kilograms) in New Zealand.
Eating the least amount of meat in India - only 3.2 kilograms per person per year. This is mainly beef, and chicken, lamb and pork account for less than a kilogram. Also rarely made from animal products in Bangladesh (4 kilograms) and the Democratic Republic of the Congo (4.7 kilograms).
Overall, analysts conclude that meat consumption in the world is increasing. This is not surprising - after all, the world's population is growing, and not everyone is ready to follow the UN call to reduce meat consumption. Although the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations estimated that in 2008 18% of greenhouse gases came from livestock production, and only 13% from emissions from cars, trains, aircraft and ships. For comparison, researchers cite statistics that 50 years ago, world meat consumption was 70 million tons per year. By 2007, this figure had risen to 268 million tons. In 1961, there were only 22 kilograms of meat per inhabitant of the Earth, and now it is more than 40 kilograms. Taste preferences have also changed. Half a century ago, when choosing meat, people preferred beef and veal (this is 40% of all meat consumption). And by 2007, this figure had fallen to 23%. But thanks to progress in agriculture, chicken consumption has increased from 12 to 31% of the global volume.
