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Tools. Ancient tools: names Does not apply to primitive tools

Proceedings...
("Proceedings...")
collections of scientific articles published by research institutes, universities, academies and other scientific institutions, as well as scientific societies. "T.
work
High (Nadson).
Oppressive (Berg, Drozhzhin).
Gorky (Baltrushaitis).
Life-giving (I. Aksakov).
Mirny (Bashkin).
Multi-care (Fedorov-Davydov).
Tense (Serafimovich).
Unbearable (Nekrasov).
Vigilant (Surikov).
Dictionary of literary epithets
labor...
LABOR... The first part of compound words. Contributes sign. sl.: work(1 character), labor. Labor input, labor use, employment.
Explanatory Dictionary of Kuznetsov
work
WORK- LAZINESS
Hard worker (-itsa) - lazy (ka) (see)
industrious - lazy (see)
industrious - lazy
industriousness - laziness (see)
work- to be lazy (see)
All our poets... sing of delight or torment
love, the smile of spring or the cruelty of winter, the joy labor or the charm of laziness, the greatness of our monarchs
or the beauty of our shepherdesses. Karamzin. Letter to the Spectator about Russian Literature.
Work feeds a man
but laziness ruins it. Proverb.
Who labor not afraid, that laziness eschews. Proverb.
Celebration of life
Dictionary of antonyms of the Russian language
Work
can be divided into the following groups: work with significant muscle effort; mechanized
kinds labor; work on automated lines; group (conveyor) work; work, related
with remote control; various types of intellectual labor.
Work requiring significant
muscle effort (hard physical work), causes a high level of energy consumption: from 17 to 25 MJ (4000
6000 kcal) and more per day (lumberjacks, loaders). Mechanized works ( work moderate
Medical Encyclopedia
work
work result.
About useful, joyful, significant results labor.
Active, selfless
exhausting, pointless labor.
Infernal (colloquial), hopeless (obsolete), joyless, inconsolable, barren
Dictionary of epithets of the Russian language
easily
without labor adv. the situation quality
Without any effort; no stress, easy.
|| opposite With labor
Explanatory Dictionary of Efremova
WORK
Conscious, energy-consuming, generally recognized expedient activity of a person, people, requiring the application of efforts, the implementation of work; one of the four main factors of production.
Economic glossary of terms
work
work
I m
1. Expedient human activity, work requiring mental or physical
Explanatory Dictionary of Efremova
work
Cm. work
Dahl's Explanatory Dictionary
labor
1. labor, labor, we work, work hard, work hard, labors, labor, laboring, labored, labored, labored labored, Trudy, work hard, working, working, working, working, working, working, working, working working, working, labored, laboring, labored, laborers, working, working, working working, laborer, working, laborer, toiling, labored, working, labored, laborers working, working, labored, working, toiling, working, working, toiling, working
Zaliznyak's grammar dictionary
work...
(neol.). Abbreviation, use in new compound words in meaning. labor, eg. labor contract, labor discipline, labor school, labor conscription, labor collective.
Explanatory Dictionary of Ushakov
Proceedings
M., 1826, 8°, part 3; 1 and 2 hours came out under the title "Notes and works", etc. (M., 1815 and 1824
further went under the title. " Proceedings and Annals of the Society ", etc., part 3. book 2, 1827; part 4 - 1828; part 5
statistical description of nine districts of the Minsk province. 13) Proceedings Society for the Promotion of Russian
A. Naranovich. Then the publication changed its name " Proceedings"to" Minutes of the meetings of the General. Russian doctors
over the last years of publication Proceedings"were: N. G. Ershov (until 1887), V. I. Filipiev (until 1890
Encyclopedic Dictionary of Brockhaus and Efron
work
noun " work” in combination with various adjectives, for example: “water work"-" dropsy", "puerperal
V labor"-" in childbirth", " work"-" a long protracted illness.
Related are:
Czech, Polish - trud.
Derivatives: difficult, difficult, hard worker.
Semyonov's etymological dictionary
labor
C h m (u s t a r.) and what o (pro s t.).
1. h e m (burden labor; disturb smth.). - Eh
how are you us work hard work, - said Isaev (Garin-Mikhailovsky). Before, mother, we wanted
you labor this [resettlement] (Grigorovich).
2. h t about (to tire). Sophia, put down your work, don't Trudy eyes (Dostoevsky).
Management in Russian
work
see >> case, book, work
see also -> wasted work, nest, works, worries, with labor
Abramov's synonym dictionary
work
Work, disease, ailment; doing things with zeal, suffering, torment.
Brief Church Slavonic Dictionary
Work
I
purposeful activity of a person, in the process of which he, with the help of tools labor affects
there is nothing other than human education labor.
T. how purposeful human activity began
complex (see also Separation labor, Simple work, Difficult work). The simplest and most essential
behind work”, that is, as if the entire labor of the worker is paid in full by the capitalist. Forms and systems
the owner of the means of production - the capitalist (see also Productive work).
In terms of commodity
Great Soviet Encyclopedia
work
orff.
work, -A
Lopatin's spelling dictionary
WORK
WORK- expedient human activity, considered 1) from the point of view of human exchange
with nature - in this case, in labor man with tools labor affects nature and uses
form of activity. Work is "... the eternal natural condition of human life
”(Marx K., Engels F. Soch., vol. 23, p. 195).
Work played a decisive role in the formation
his perceptions and ideas. as a worthwhile activity work began with the manufacture of tools
New Philosophical Encyclopedia
labor
I work work hard; nesov., trans. obsolete
1. (owls. to make it difficult).
weigh down ( labor, work).
- Eh
how are you us work hard work! Isaev said. - You are good to everyone: you regret, and you care, and you give for vodka
work, not Trudy eyes. Dostoevsky, Teenager.
Do not go, granddaughter, Krutoyar. Not Trudy you are scissors
If that's your grace, you'd better move us. --- Before, mother, we wanted you labor this. Grigorovich, Settlers.
Small Academic Dictionary
work
I
I, genus. n. -a, difficult, to work, Ukrainian. work, other Russian labor " work, work, zeal, care
suffering, sorrow", old Slav. troud πόνος, ἀγών (Supr.), Bolg. work, Serbohorv. work, kind. P
Etymological Dictionary of Max Vasmer
work
work nesov. neperekh.
1. Do something labor work 1., business, spend time at work.
2. Make an effort, trying to do something.
Explanatory Dictionary of Efremova
labor…
labor…
The initial part of compound words, introducing the meaning of the sl. work, labor (employment, labor supply, occupational therapy, employment, etc.).
Explanatory Dictionary of Efremova
works
works pl.
1. Name of scientific journals, collections.
2. unfold Services.
3. unfold Everyday activities, chores, worries.
Explanatory Dictionary of Efremova
easily
adverb, number of synonyms...
labor...
LABOR... The first part of compound words with the meaning: 1) relating to labor(in 1 value), e.g. labour intensive
labor costs, labor use, ability to work, employment; 2) pertaining to labor(in 2 digits), e.g. industriousness, occupational therapy.
Explanatory dictionary of Ozhegov
work
vb., nsv., use comp. often
I work, you laboring, he she it labors, We we are working
You work hard, They are toiling, work hard, work hard, labored, labored, labored, worked hard, worker
laboring, laboring
1. If anyone labors, then this means that this person is engaged in some kind of
work, work somewhere, usually doing hard work. Persistently, successfully, fruitfully work
| Work for the good of something. | Work up to the seventh sweat. | Work hands down. | Work
Dictionary of Dmitriev
not without difficulty
With effort. I quite successfully mastered the initial course of furriery, although it was not given to me without labor(G. Zhukov. Memoirs and reflections).
with difficulties
By making an effort; by force. She didn't know Russian well. She did not read our magazines, And expressed herself with labor
In his native language (Pushkin. Eugene Onegin). Aparin read from labor because the letters merged
Phraseological Dictionary Fedorov
work
see >> engage, work, try, exercise, zeal
Abramov's synonym dictionary
WORK
WORK- English. labor/work; German Arbeit. Expedient human activity, in the process of a swarm
he with tools labor influences nature and uses it to create objects
purposeful, expedient activity of a person or actually labor; 2) items labor; 3) funds labor.
sociological dictionary
work
Job.
Physical work. Mercenary work. Performance labor. guns labor. Payment for works
□
[Unlucky:] I'm honest, heavy labor I get my bread. A. Ostrovsky, forest.
The day is full labor
Panova, Seasons.
Poetry is the same extraction of radium. Per gram production, per year works. Mayakovsky, Conversation
with the financial inspector about poetry.
|| usually pl. h. ( works, -ov).
Daily activities, chores, worries
Women, apart from household chores, share most of their work with men. works. Pushkin, History of the village
Small Academic Dictionary
work
Hellish ~
huge ~
colossal ~
incredible ~
incredible ~
no small ~
relentless ~
inhuman ~
huge ~
scary~
titanic ~
Dictionary of Russian Idioms
Work
close in meaning to Russian. the words "work", " work»:
1) The Lord gave man a body and a spirit
neighbor and to glorify God. Since the commandment work given to man by God, we can say
Brockhaus Bible Encyclopedia
work
Work/.
Morphemic spelling dictionary
labored
Translator
Dictionary of thieves' jargon
with difficulties
With labor adv. the situation quality
1. Making efforts, overcoming difficulties; barely, barely, barely
Explanatory Dictionary of Efremova
labor
labor nesov. transition unfold
1. Tiring with work.
|| To strain strongly, to tire.
2. trans. To trouble, disturb, burden with something.
Explanatory Dictionary of Efremova
work…
work…
The initial part of compound words, introducing the meaning of the sl. labor (labor colony, labor conscription, etc.).
Explanatory Dictionary of Efremova
labor
WORK, work, work hard, ·inconsistent that (·obsolete). Make it hard to do something
worry about something. "No use head labor." Nekrasov.
Explanatory Dictionary of Ushakov
work
WORK, I work laboring, inconsistent.
1. Do something labor, spend time
V labor. “Lenin, our great teacher, said: “Who does not labors he doesn't eat." Stalin: “Socialism demands
not idleness, but the fact that all people worked hard Honestly, worked hard not on others, not on the rich
and exploiters, but on themselves, on society. Stalin. relentlessly work. « labored so peasant
mine, that a hail of sweat rolled down from him. Krylov. "Man, laboring, does not think that he will break his strength. ” Nekrasov.
2
Explanatory Dictionary of Ushakov
work
WORK, a, m.

production of material and spiritual values. Mental t. Physical t. Scientific organization labor
Performance labor. Right on t. People labor(workers; high). Public division labor
Security labor.
2. Work, occupation. Heavy v. Daily works. Pay for works.
3. Force
aimed at achieving something. Take over t. to do sth. Didn't give myself labor think (didn't want to
Explanatory dictionary of Ozhegov
labor man
noun, number of synonyms: 1 worker 38
Dictionary of synonyms of the Russian language
labored
adj., number of synonyms: 8 disturbing 51 making it difficult 25 tormenting with work 1 burdening 20 languishing 16 tiring 48 making it difficult 8 making it difficult 13
Dictionary of synonyms of the Russian language
labor…
The first component of compound words, corresponding in meaning to words work(in 1 value), labor
Small Academic Dictionary
work
WORK-A; m.
1. Expedient human activity aimed at creating with the help of tools
production of material and spiritual values. Mental t. Physical t. Performance labor
Products labor. Scientific organization labor. Public division labor. Security labor. Exchange labor
People labor(high; workers).
2. Work, occupation. Heavy, tense so. Literary
writer's t. Hard labor, unbearable t. To pay for t. Fruits labor. Live your own labor. put a lot labor
Explanatory Dictionary of Kuznetsov
WORK
WORK- expedient human activity aimed at preserving, modifying
adaptation of the environment to meet their needs, the production of goods and services. Work
separation labor, his tools and means. There are the following applied disciplines that study work: physiology
labor, psychology labor, organization labor, security labor etc.
Big encyclopedic dictionary

work
Husband. 1) only units. labor, work; (heavy, monotonous) toil to live one's own labor- to live by one "s
own labor heavy work- hard work, backbreaking work surplus work- surplus labor politecon
slave work- slave labor forced work- forced labor, involuntary mental servitude
work- mental/brain work physical work- manual labor creative work- creative labor
creative work- constructive labor public benefit work- socially useful work productive work
work
composition) obra f, trabalho m
- literary works

- Sisyphus work
- without labor you can't get the fish out of the pond
Russian-Portuguese Dictionary
work
1. pracowac;
2. fatygować się, trudzić się;
Russian-Polish dictionary
work
Above what
dolgozni -ik vmin
faradni
Russian-Hungarian dictionary
with difficulties
somehow, with labor
barely
Russian-Bulgarian dictionary
easily
Without labor
עַל נְקַלָה; נָקֵל, בְּנָקֵל; בְּקַלוּת
Russian-Hebrew Dictionary
work
nesov.

work
empollar vi (to pore)

work up to a seventh sweat - sudar la
Russian-Spanish dictionary
Work Russian-Dutch Dictionary
work
Çalışmaq, islemek
Russian-Crimean Tatar Dictionary
work
Argo
melo
chores
faradsag
chores
vesződseg
munka
Russian-Hungarian dictionary
work on
Faradozni -ik vmin
Russian-Hungarian dictionary
work
Work
-fanya kazi;
work in the sweat of your face - -toa jasho;
one who works selflessly - mchapa kazi (wa-), mtoka jasho (wa-);
work hard, hard - -vuma;
to work with zeal - -idilika, -chapa kazi
Russian-Swahili dictionary
work
aa = (work) عمل
aa= (trace) أثر
aua = (provisions) مؤونة
Russian-Arabic Dictionary
work
nesov.
1) trabajar vi; afanarse, bregar vi (stubbornly)
work over something - trabajar en algo
empollar vi (to pore)
2) unfold (trouble yourself) molestarse

work up to a seventh sweat - sudar la
Large Russian-Spanish Dictionary
with difficulties
Krusne
sotva
stězi
ztuha
ztEzka
Russian-Czech dictionary
work hard Russian-Czech dictionary
work
Husband. pratsa, physical and mental work- physical and rational work creative work- creative
pratsa socially necessary work- gramadska neabkhodnaya pratsa collective work- kalektyўnaya pratsa
abstract work eq. - abstract practice concrete work eq. - cancrete materialized work
eq. - archaulenaya pratsa civilian work- civilian labor division labor- padzel pratsy people
labor- lyudzi pratsy anthem labor- hymn of practice conditions labor- Umovy pratsy turbots, shovel
Russian-Belarusian dictionary
labor
Work, dry, labor head - dry (work) galava labor legs - work legs
Russian-Belarusian dictionary
work
Nesov. 1. işləmək, zəhmət çəkmək, əmək sərf etmək; 2. çalışmaq, əlləşmək.
Russian-Azerbaijani dictionary
work
Work
עָמַל [לַעֲמוֹל, עָמֵל, יַעֲמוֹל] ; עָבַד [לַעֲבוֹד, עוֹבֵד, יַעֲבוֹד] ; יָגַע [-, יָגֵעַ, יִיגַע]
Russian-Hebrew Dictionary
work
Knoga, arbeta, streta
Russian-Swedish dictionary
labors
N see also works
Complete Russian-English Dictionary
work
m.
1) (work) Arbeit f
physical work- physische Arbeit
mental work- geostige
Arbeit
to each labor- jedem nach seiner Leistung
2) (efforts) Mühe f
without labor- muhelos
With labor- mühsam, mit Mühe
not worth it labor- es ist nicht der Mühe wert
3) (work) Werk n, Arbeit f
collective [joint] work- Gemeinschaftsarbeit f
4) pl. h.
works(scientific publications) - Schriften
Russian-German dictionary

Niramin - Aug 2nd, 2016

Primitive people at first did not differ much from animals, and over the centuries, they gradually began to show the makings of thinking and ingenuity. Scientists have proved that it was labor and the use of improvised objects as the first tools of labor that gave impetus to the emergence of a skilled person.

The first items that facilitated the existence of primitive people were sticks and sharp stones. Stones with a pointed end found on the shore of reservoirs were used as knives when butchering the carcasses of dead animals. Since such finds were infrequent, primitive man began to learn how to make them himself, hitting the stones against each other and gradually breaking off pieces until one side was sharp enough. Scientists called this process the chipping technique, and the resulting tools - choppers.

Later, a spear was invented to help the tribes get fish and animal meat - they learned how to attach a pointed stone to a long stick. The next discovery - a stone ax - greatly facilitated the process of building a dwelling. Each new tool of labor was, as it were, the basis for the creation of the next, more perfect one. Devices for digging the earth were also first made of wood or stone, until primitive people learned to use objects made of bones, horns and animal tusks in everyday life.

It is noteworthy that on different continents, the discovery of new tools fell on approximately the same era.

Ancient man makes stone tools.

Video: Technology of primitive society (Russian)

Video: Archaeologists discover prehistoric factory | Archaeologists have found prehistoric plant

Remember what things are called tools. What are labor tools?
What is called labor?
What motivated a person to improve the tools of labor?
Give examples of the tools and means of labor known to you. Explain their purpose.

Man has been developing tools and means of labor for a long time. Constant work with stone, bone, wood required the manufacture of more and more perfect things. The first tools of labor, according to archaeologists, appeared approximately 5.5-3 million years ago. At this time, which is called the Stone Age, man made the first clothes, dishes, built housing (Fig. 155).

Rice. 155. Stone Age Man

Rice. 156. The first tools of labor: a - stone; b - metal

After man learned how to make fire and smelt metal, stone tools and labor tools were replaced by metal ones (Fig. 156). The manufacture of tools and the constant desire of man to improve them, in particular, contributed to the development of man himself. It was this process, which is called evolution, that gave the humanoid creature the opportunity to move away from the animal world and transform into a rational person (Fig. 157). Improving the tools of labor, our ancestors invented the first mechanism for drilling holes in stone products, that is, they designed a primitive drilling machine, invented a wheel, a device for making fire, hunting tools, etc. (Fig. 158).

Rice. 157. Human evolution

Rice. 158. The first tools of labor: a - a device for making fire; b - trolley; in - a trap; g - a trap for wolves

However, even devices as complex as for that time required considerable effort in the performance of work, moreover, they were unreliable, too primitive and imperfect, which led to injury and significant time spent on certain work. This prompted a person to improve them, create new, more effective ones. This is how more advanced devices appear, which are set in motion by the muscular strength of a person (Fig. 159). Later, even more advanced tools appeared, which partially replaced the physical labor of man with machine labor. They were powered by the energy of wind, water, steam, etc. (Fig. 160).

With the invention of methods for generating electrical energy, the design of machines begins that perform various technological operations, and a person only manages. They are called industrial machines. You will learn about the features of their work in the future at the lessons of labor training. The set of successive human actions aimed at achieving the set goal, manufacturing certain products or performing other useful work, is called the labor process.

Rice. 159. Hand tools: a - potter's wheel; b - lathe; in - strand; g - ralo; d - loom

Rice. 160. Mechanized tools: a - millstones; b - windmill; c - water mill

You already know that the main element of the labor process is the technological operation. This is the completed part of the labor process. For example: the marking of a workpiece and its manufacture are two separate technological operations. The first is done with a pencil and a ruler, the second with a saw. To perform certain technological operations, you must have the necessary equipment: a ruler, pencil, saw, hammer, etc. The things that a person uses to make products in order to satisfy his needs are called tools. In the school workshops you will use a variety of tools. Some of them you have already used in the manufacture of products.

Consider table 5. Familiarize yourself with the names and purpose of the tools placed in the corresponding columns of this table. Think about what technological operations inherent in the corresponding tools can be added to the third column of the table. Justify the answer.

Table 5. Tools of labor

From table 5 it is clear that each tool has its own purpose. Therefore, they are classified according to the type of technological operations they perform. Each tool is designed to work with a specific structural material, or object of labor. For example, scissors that are designed for cutting paper cannot be used for cutting metal, and a hammer for working with wood materials cannot be used for processing metal blanks, etc. That is, each instrument of labor must be used only for its intended purpose. Violation of this requirement leads to the failure of the tool and the impossibility of its further use.

The use of tools in production, presented in table 5, is unproductive. Instead of hand screwdrivers, scissors, drills, jigsaws, etc. for the most part they use the corresponding electrified tools already known to you. This significantly increases labor productivity, the quality of work and reduces the cost of physical effort to perform work. You will learn more about the work, structure and purpose of such tools later in the lessons of labor training.

New terms

labor process, object of labor, technological operation, labor reception, technological map.

Basic concepts

Epoch- a long period of time with remarkable events, phenomena or processes in nature, society, science, technology, etc.
Life- everyday life.

Fixing the material

What circumstances contributed to the improvement of tools?
What is common and what is the difference between the labor process and labor activity?
What type of activity is called a technological operation? Give examples.
Name the hand tools, explain their purpose and the essence of the technological operations performed by them.

Tool of labor of ancient man, tools of labor of ancient man drawing

For primitive great apes, collected sticks and stones, processed by natural forces, became the very first tools of labor that turned out to be more effective in the fight against predators and for self-defense. Our prehistoric ancestors picked up the sticks and stones they needed as they needed them, and threw them away after use. Over time, they began to realize that suitable stones were not always at hand at the right time, and sometimes were not available at all. Our forefathers began to collect such stones and modify uncomfortable sticks. So, very slowly they accumulated knowledge and understood how to put their own work into practice.

Ancient people hit stones against stones and thus turned them into more versatile tools. The ancient chopping tool or stone ax became the first and universal tool. The first stone axes appeared in the early Paleolithic.

The prehistoric ax was an almond-shaped stone, one end thickened at the base, and the other end sharpened.

Without any tools at hand, it was very difficult for an ancient person to make a handy ax out of a crooked stone. The first movements of primitive people were slow and not always accurate, and the chips on the stone did not always have the necessary shape.

Australopithecus: tools

Australopithecus is a very interesting species of ancient hominids. Paleontologists consider this great ape the most ancient ancestor of mankind.

The main occupation of Australopithecus was gathering. They realized that with the help of stones, bones, and sticks, the process of collecting roots and high-growing fruits was more efficient.

Australopithecus made titanic efforts to chip off the stone of the desired shape, but the first ax appeared, it was it that raised the intellectual level of these primitive creatures.

In addition to stone axes, Australopithecus learned to make pointed, knives, cutters and scrapers. These humanoid creatures collected sharp stones near rivers and reservoirs, which were already sharpened by the forces of nature (such stones are called eoliths). After collection, these stones were given the necessary shape. They realized that if one edge is not sharpened, then such a tool will not cut the hand. To create one such tool, Australopithecus had to inflict at least 100 blows on an uncut stone. Such work took a very long time, and the very first guns weighed up to 20 kilograms, but it was an indisputable step towards the king of nature.

Pithecanthropus: tools

Anthropologists attribute Pithecanthropes to the genus "People", they are considered an early form of Homo erectus. There are very few finds of tools belonging to this species, and it is very difficult for archaeologists to compile a list. All tools that have been found belong to the later periods of the Acheulian culture.

Early Paleolithic stone tools belong specifically to the Acheulean culture. The hand ax is considered the most famous tool of the ancient people of this period.

Pithecanthropes made the first tools of labor from stones, bones and trees. All natural materials were processed very primitively. Pithecanthropes, like Australopithecus, used eoliths. In addition to hand axes made of stone, Pithecanthropus used flakes with cutting edges and sharp plates.

Neanderthal: tools

The Neanderthal tools were slightly different from the tools used by the Pithecanthropus. They have become lighter, and their processing has become more professional. Over time, the forms improved and gradually began to displace the more uncomfortable ones. Paleontologists call tools of this period Mousterian.

Neanderthal tools were called Mousterian, thanks to a cave called Le Moustier, which is located in France, it was in it that numerous, well-preserved tools belonging to Neanderthals were found.

Neanderthals lived in difficult climatic conditions, because the Ice Age began. They improved their tools not only for food, but also for the production of clothing. Therefore, it was they who, for the first time in the history of mankind, created needles, scrapers and spears. Tools of labor were created from silicon, but using a more complex technology. They have become more diverse. But all Neanderthal tools can be divided into three main types:

chopped

pointed tools

scrapers.

Pointed tools were used to cut meat, wood, leather or used as tips, butchered large animals with scrapers and trimmed skins. The axes were smaller, but performed the same functions.

Archaeologists were also able to find tools from the bones of large animals, but they were quite primitive. Awls, clubs, bone daggers and points were found.

Cro-Magnon: tools

The era of the late Paleolithic is coming and the Cro-Magnon man appears on the stage of life.

They were people of rather tall stature, their skills and physique were well developed. It was the Cro-Magnons who not only successfully adopted the achievements and inventions of their predecessors, but also invented new ones. They improved tools made of stone, improved tools made of bone. They created new devices from deer antlers and tusks, and also continued to collect all kinds of roots and berries. The Cro-Magnons mastered the element of fire and were the first to guess to burn clay products to give them strength. It was they who invented the first dishes. Cro-Magnons widely used side-scrapers, chisels, knives with pointed and blunt blades, side-scrapers with a ledge, sharp blades, arrowheads, piercers, deer antler harpoons, bone fishhooks, tips.

TOOLS

part of the means of production, with the help of which or through which a person acts on objects, objects of labor. The term "tools of labor" was widely used in Marxist political economy, but is rarely used in modern economics.

Raizberg B.A., Lozovsky L.Sh., Starodubtseva E.B.. Modern economic dictionary. - 2nd ed., corrected. Moscow: INFRA-M. 479 p.. 1999 .

Economic dictionary. 2000 .

See what "TOOLS" are in other dictionaries:

The means of production through which a person acts, processes the objects of labor. Dictionary of business terms. Akademik.ru. 2001 ... Glossary of business terms

TOOLS- the most important part of the means of production, through which a direct impact on the object of labor is carried out ... Russian encyclopedia of labor protection

The instrument of labor is the main part of the means of production. Includes tools, machines, devices, engines, etc., with the help of which objects of labor are processed in the production process, products are manufactured. Tools of labor in antiquity Already Lucretius ... ... Wikipedia

TOOLS- part of the means of production, with the help of which or through which a person acts on objects, objects of labor. The term tools of labor is widely used in Marxist political economy, in modern economics it is used ... ... Big Economic Dictionary

tools- part of the means of production, with the help of which or through which a person acts on objects, objects of labor. The term tools of labor was widely used in Marxist political economy, in modern economics it is used ... ... Dictionary of economic terms

The main part of the means of production (See Means of production). They include machines, devices, engines, etc., with the help of which objects of labor are processed in the production process, products are manufactured. O. t. the most important component ... ... Great Soviet Encyclopedia

Part of the means of production by which or through which a person acts on the objects of labor. The term O.t. was widely used in Marxist political economy, is rarely used in modern economics ... Encyclopedic Dictionary of Economics and Law

TOOLS- - the main part of the means of production, i.e. machines, equipment that are directly involved in the production process ... Economist's Concise Dictionary

OLDOWIAN TOOLS, a type of stone tools dating from the end of the PLEISTOCENE (about 2 million years ago). The name comes from the Oldowai Gorge in northern Tanzania, where archaeologists first found tools of this type. Made from quartz or... Scientific and technical encyclopedic dictionary

I. WEAPONS According to the method of use, weapons are distinguished for self-defense (defensive) and weapons for defeating the enemy (offensive). 1) a) Among the defenders. A. First of all, it should be called SHIELD. In early antiquity, it was almost always made of wood and ... ... Brockhaus Bible Encyclopedia

Books

Battleships of the British Empire. Part 3. Rams and monster guns, O. Parks. The third part of the fundamental work of the British naval historian Dr. Oscar Parks tells about the formation and brief period of prosperity of the "true armadillos" type of the late 70s - ...
Card file of subject pictures Issue 15 Tools Tools, Nishcheva N .. "Card file of subject pictures. Visual didactic material. Issue 15. Tools. Tools". The manual includes visual didactic material necessary for almost everyone ...

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