"People's defenders": Yakim Nagoi and Yermil Girin (Based on the poem by N. Nekrasov "Who should live well in Rus'")

In his poem, N. A. Nekrasov creates images of “new people” who came out of the people's environment and became active fighters for the good of the people. Such is Yermil Girin. In whatever position he may be, whatever he does, he strives to be useful to the peasant, to help him, to protect him. Honor and love he earned "strict truth, intelligence and kindness."
The poet abruptly breaks off the story about Yermil, who ended up in prison at the moment when the village of Stolbnyaki in the Nedykhanyev district was rioting. The suppressors of the rebellion, knowing that the people would listen to Yermila, called him to exhort the rebellious peasants. Yes, apparently, the people's defender did not tell the peasants about humility.
The type of an intellectual-democrat, a native of the people, is embodied in the image of Grisha Dobrosklonov, the son of a laborer and a half-impoverished deacon. If not for the kindness and generosity of the peasants, Grisha and his brother Savva could have starved to death. And the young men respond to the peasants with love. This love from an early age filled Grisha's heart and determined his path:
... about fifteen
Gregory already knew for sure
What will live for happiness
Wretched and dark
native corner
It is important for Nekrasov to convey to the reader the idea that Dobrosklonov is not alone, that he is from a cohort of those who are brave in spirit and pure in heart, those who fight for the happiness of the people:
Rus' has already sent a lot
His sons, marked
The seal of the gift of God,
On honest paths
I cried a lot...
If in the era of the Decembrists the best people from the nobility stood up to protect the people, now the people themselves from their midst send their best sons to fight, and this is especially important, because it testifies to the awakening of people's self-consciousness:
No matter how dark vakhlachina,
No matter how crowded with corvee
And slavery - and she,
Blessed, put
In Grigory Dobrosklonov
Such a messenger.
Grisha's path is a typical path of a democrat-raznochinets: a hungry childhood, a seminary, “where it was dark, cold, gloomy, strict, hungry”, but where he read a lot and thought a lot ...
So what is next? Further known:
Fate prepared for him
Glorious path, loud name
people's protector,
Consumption and Siberia.
And yet the poet draws the image of Dobrosklonov in joyful, bright colors. Grisha found true happiness, and the country whose people bless “such a messenger” for battle should become happy.
In the image of Grisha there are not only features of the leaders of revolutionary democracy, whom Nekrasov loved and revered so much, but also features of the author of the poem himself. After all, Grigory Dobrosklonov is a poet, and a poet of the Nekrasov direction, a poet-citizen.
The chapter “A Feast for the Whole World” includes songs created by Grisha. These are joyful songs, full of hope, the peasants sing them as if they were their own. Revolutionary optimism sounds in the song "Rus":
The army rises - Innumerable,
The power in it will be indestructible!
In the poem there is an image of another people's intercessor - the author. In the first parts of the poem, we do not yet hear his voice directly. But in the chapter “A Feast for the Whole World”, the author directly addresses the readers in lyrical digressions. In this chapter, the language acquires a special coloration: along with the folk vocabulary, there are many bookish, solemn, romantically elevated words (“radiant”, “lofty”, “punishing sword”, “the embodiment of the happiness of the people”, “serious slavery”, “Rus' reviving ”).
Direct author's statements in the poem are imbued with a bright feeling, which is also characteristic of Grisha's songs. All the author's thoughts are about the people, all his dreams are about people's happiness. The author, like Grisha, sacredly believes in “the strength of the people - a mighty strength”, in the golden heart of the people, in the glorious future of the people:
The limits have not yet been set for the Russian people: Before them is a wide path!
The poet wants to instill this faith in others, to inspire his contemporaries to a revolutionary feat:
Such soil is good -. The soul of the Russian people... O sower! come!

Essay on literature on the topic: Images of people's intercessors in the poem by N. A. Nekrasov “Who should live well in Rus'”

Other writings:

1. For this war, the peasants needed leaders. Ermil Girin and Grigory Dobrosklonov are shown in the poem as people capable of becoming peasant leaders. Ermil Girin is described in the first chapter of the poem. He won honor “neither with money, nor with fear: with strict truth, intelligence and kindness!” Being Read More ......
2. 1. Seven wanderers looking for a happy person. 2. Ermil Girin. 3. “Serf woman” Matrena Timofeevna. 4. Grigory Dobrosklonov. The theme of searching for a happy fate and “mother truth” occupies a significant place in the folklore tradition, which N. A. Nekrasov relied on when creating the poem “To whom in Rus' Read More ......
3. I. Images of peasants and peasant women in lyrics. 2. Heroes of the poem “Who in Rus' should live well”. 3. Collective image of the Russian people. Peasant Rus', the bitter fate of the people, as well as the strength and nobility of the Russian people, their age-old habit of work is one of the main Read More ......
4. It's not a matter of looking for a happy woman between women. N. Nekrasov. Who in Rus' live well. A significant part of the work of N. A. Nekrasov is devoted to the theme of the Russian people. The poet considered it his civil and human duty to raise the problem of the oppressed position of the peasantry, to highlight the difficult, sad aspects of life Read More ......
5. The plot basis of the poem is the search for the happy in Rus'. N. A. Nekrasov aims to cover as widely as possible all aspects of the life of the Russian village in the period immediately after the abolition of serfdom. And therefore the poet cannot do without a description of life Read More ......
6. In the poem “To whom it is good to live in Rus'”, Nekrasov, as if on behalf of millions of peasants, acted as an angry accuser of the social and political system of Russia and pronounced a severe sentence on him. The poet painfully experienced the obedience of the people, their downtroddenness, darkness. On landowners Nekrasov Read More ......
7. In all his works, Nikolai Alekseevich Nekrasov addresses the people. And the poem “To whom it is good to live in Rus'” is no exception. Nekrasov brought poetry closer to the people, he wrote about the people and for the people. The only judge for a poet is the people. He glorifies, Read More ......
8. The theme of "people's suffering" was developed by the author in all his work, it is typical for works of different years. Recall at least such classic poems as “Troika”, “Forgotten Village”, “Reflections at the Front Door”, “Railway”. And the culmination of the development of this theme - as in the work of Read More ......

1. The plot of the poem.
2. The theme of public intercession.
3. Heroes - "protectors".
4. Grisha Dobrosklonov as a "conscious defender".

Nikolai Alekseevich Nekrasov entered Russian poetry as a "people's mourner". The folk theme became one of the central ones in his work. But the poet was never a simple everyday writer; as an artist, he was primarily concerned with the drama of the people. The theme of the "people's intercessor" is also heard in the poem "To whom in Rus' it is good to live."

In the poem “To whom it is good to live in Rus'”, the author himself appeared as a people’s “intercessor”, who not only expressed his attitude towards the people by the fact of creating this work, but was able to understand his soul, truly reveal his character. What is the real happiness of a person in Russia? What needs to be done to make everyone happy? he asked himself. The poet believed that in order to resolve these issues, people are needed who are able to join the struggle and lead others. The theme of popular intercession is widely represented in the poem. Intercessor is one of the key words in the work. The people's intercessor is one who not only pities, sympathizes with the peasants, but serves the people, expresses their interests, confirming this with actions and deeds. Such characters are shown in the images of Yakim Nagogoy, Ermila Girin, Savely Korchagin, Grisha Dobrosklonov.

In Yakima Nagoi, a peculiar character of the people's truth-seeker is presented. He lives a beggarly life, like all the peasantry, but is distinguished by a rebellious disposition. Yakim is ready to stand up for his rights. This is what he says about the people:

Every peasant has a Soul that is a black cloud, Wrathful, formidable - and Thunders should thunder from there, Bloody rains to pour.

Ermila Girin is a peasant whom the people themselves chose as a steward, recognizing his justice. Even as a clerk, Yermila won authority among the people for the fact that:

... they will advise
And he will provide information;
Where there is enough strength - will help out,
Don't ask for gratitude
And if you give it, you won't take it!

But Yermila was also guilty: he shielded his younger brother from recruitment, but the people forgave him for his sincere repentance. Only Ermila's conscience did not calm down: he left the steward, hired a mill. And again the people fell in love with him for his good treatment, for his even attitude towards the landowner and the poor, for his kindness. "Grey priest" characterizes Yermila in this way:

He had everything that is necessary For happiness and tranquility, And money, and honor, An enviable, true honor, Not bought either by money, Nor by fear: strict truth. Mind and kindness.

It can be seen from the priest's statement that Girin achieved honor with “strict truth”, “mind and kindness”. He is worried about the attitude of the people towards him, but Yermila himself judges himself even more strictly. He seeks to alleviate the situation of the peasants, to help them financially, although he himself is not yet ready for a revolutionary action. Kirin is already satisfied that his conscience is clear, that he makes life a little easier for others.

Savely the Bogatyr represents another type of Russian peasant. He is the embodiment of strength and courage. Despite the rods and hard labor, he did not resign himself to his fate. “Branded, but not a slave,” he says about himself. Savely embodies the best features of the Russian character: love for the motherland and people, hatred for the oppressors, self-esteem. His favorite word - "nadday" - helps to see in him a person who knows how to cheer up his comrades, rally, captivate. Saveliy is one of those who stood up well for "the patrimony." Together with the peasants, he executes the hated manager, the German Vogel. People like Savely will not stand aside at the moment of peasant unrest.

The most conscious of the "people's defenders" is Grisha Dobrosklonov. He devotes his whole life to the struggle, lives among the people, knows their needs. The future of Russia, the poet believes, belongs to people like Grisha Dobrosklonov, for whom "fate prepared a glorious path, a loud name of the people's intercessor, consumption and Siberia." The songs of Grisha Dobrosklonov reflect his thoughts about life ideals, his hopes for a brighter future:

Share of the people, Happiness, Light and freedom First of all.

The image of Grisha Dobrosklonov helps to understand that truly happy is the one on whose side the truth is, on whom the people hope, who chooses an honest path for himself, being the “people's defender”. The poem shows the difficult childhood of Grisha, tells about his father and mother.

Grigory's reflections on the fate of the people testify to the liveliest compassion that makes Grisha choose such a difficult path for himself. The image of Grisha is closely connected with the revolutionary democratic ideas that began to appear in society in the middle of the 19th century. Nekrasov created his hero, focusing on the fate of N. A. Dobrolyubov. Grigory Dobrosklonov is a type of revolutionary raznochinets. He was born into the family of a poor deacon, from childhood he felt all the disasters that are characteristic of the life of ordinary people. Grigory was educated and, being an intelligent and enthusiastic person, cannot remain indifferent to the situation in the country. Grigory is well aware that now there is only one way out for Russia - radical changes in the social system. The common people can no longer be the same dumb community of slaves that meekly endures all the antics of their masters.

The image of Grigory Dobrosklonov in Nekrasov's poem "Who Lives Well in Rus'" inspires hope in the moral and political revival of Rus', in a change in the consciousness of the simple Russian people.

Nikolai Alekseevich Nekrasov is a Russian poet whose main theme of creativity will be the theme of the people. Already in the "Elegy" N.A. Nekrasov will say: "I dedicated the lyre to my people." However, the poet has a different approach to the theme of the people, he expresses the ideals of democracy in his work. Yes, Nekrasov sympathizes with the oppressed people, but does not idealize him, and even accuses him of humility. The poet is trying to find the people's way to happiness. This becomes the main problem in the poem “Who Lives Well in Rus'”, where the hero is the entire numerous “peasant kingdom”, which Russian literature did not know before.

However, in the poem the folk theme develops and rises to the theme of the search for a "people's protector". It is the heroes who are able to lead others that are needed in order to find happiness for everyone. Such characters N.A. Nekrasov painted in the images of Yakim Nagogoy, Yermila Girin, Savely Korchagin and, of course, Grisha Dobrosklonov.

Yakim Nagoi is a people's truth lover, he is a beggar, like all peasants, but there is disobedience in him, unwillingness to put up with injustice. This hero is able to defend his rights.

Another image is Ermila Girin. He is a favorite of the people, who speak of him like this:

... he will advise
And he will provide information;
Where there is enough strength - will help out,
Don't ask for gratitude
And if you give it, you won't take it!

Ermila Girin is not sinless: he fraudulently frees his younger brother from military service, from soldiering, but the people forgive him, because they see true repentance. The hero has a heightened sense of conscience, he cannot find peace and judges himself very strictly: he leaves the steward, hires a mill, seeks to make the position of the peasants easier. But, despite compassion, mercy for the people, he is not ready for a revolutionary action, it is enough for a hero that he is not to blame for anyone.

ON THE. Nekrasov in the poem "To whom it is good to live in Rus'" shows us another type of Russian peasant, "the people's defender." This is the image of Saveliy - the “hero of the Holy Russian”. It's already in effect. Despite the fact that he was sent to hard labor, he did not resign himself to his fate: "branded, but not a slave." This hero is the conductor and bearer of such best character traits of the Russian people as justice, self-esteem, love for the motherland and people, hatred for their oppressors. Savely is a man who knows how, if necessary, to rally his comrades, to captivate them with an idea. People like him will certainly take part, if necessary, in peasant revolts and unrest.

A person who knows his needs is ready to devote his whole life to the struggle, to the people. This is Grisha Dobrosklonov - the most conscious "people's defender". It is for such as Dobrosklonov, according to N.A. Nekrasov, the future of Russia. No wonder the hero "fate prepared" a glorious path, a loud name of the people's intercessor, consumption and Siberia. The poet expressed the life goals and ideals of this hero in the songs that Grisha sings. They are truly revolutionary, they already sound the idea of ​​liberating the people from slavery. The image of Grisha Dobrosklonov is an example of the fact that only one who chooses the path of honor and truth can truly be happy.

Thus, in the poem “To whom it is good to live in Rus'” N.A. Nekrasov shows that the answer to the question of how to find happiness can be given by people who have the strength in themselves to lead the masses. Yakim Nagoi, Ermila Girin, Savely are characters who see the injustice towards the peasant, all the pain of the peasant, but are not ready to go against fate, while Grisha Dobrosklonov is a new type of Russian person, in my opinion, the embodiment of the author's ideal. Such a hero is capable of "sowing the reasonable, the good, the eternal." He is the real "people's protector"!

The theme of the "people's protector" runs through all the work of N. A. Nekrasov, it also sounds in the poem "Who should live well in Rus'." Many writers and poets tried to answer the question "What to do?". I was looking for an answer to it and Nekrasov in his work. What to strive for in life? What is the real happiness of a person in Russia? What needs to be done to make everyone happy? he asked himself. The poet believed that in order to resolve these issues, people are needed who are able to join the struggle and lead others. He showed such characters in the images of Yakim Nagogoy, Ermila Girin, Savely Korchagin, Grisha Dobrosklonov. In Yakima Nagoi, a peculiar character of the people's truth-seeker is presented. He lives a beggarly life, like all the peasantry, but is distinguished by a rebellious disposition. Yakim is ready to stand up for his rights. This is how he says about the people: Every peasant has a Soul that is a black cloud, Anger, formidable - and Thunders should thunder from there, Bloody rains to pour. Ermila Girin is a peasant whom the people themselves chose as a steward, recognizing his justice. Even as a clerk, Yermila won prestige among the people for the fact that ... he will advise and inquire; Where there is enough strength - he will help out, He will not ask for gratitude, And if you give, he will not take it! But Yermila was also guilty: he shielded his younger brother from recruitment, but the people forgave him for his sincere repentance. Only Ermila's conscience did not calm down: he left the steward, hired a mill. And again the people fell in love with him for his good treatment, for his even attitude towards the landowner and the poor, for his kindness. The “gray-haired priest” characterizes Yermila in this way: He had everything that was needed For happiness and tranquility, And money and honor, An enviable, true honor, Not bought by either money, Nor fear: strict truth. Mind and kindness. It can be seen from the priest's statement that Girin achieved honor with “strict truth”, “mind and kindness”. He is worried about the attitude of the people towards him, but Yermila himself judges himself even more strictly. He seeks to alleviate the situation of the peasants, to help them financially, although he himself was not yet ready for a revolutionary action. Kirin is already satisfied that his conscience is clear, that he makes life a little easier for others. Savely the Bogatyr represents another type of Russian peasant. He is the embodiment of strength and courage. Despite the rods and hard labor, he did not resign himself to his fate. “Branded, but not a slave,” he says about himself. Savely embodies the best features of the Russian character: love for the motherland and people, hatred for the oppressors, self-esteem. His favorite word - "nadday" - helps to see in him a person who knows how to cheer up his comrades, rally, captivate. Saveliy is one of those who stood up well for "the patrimony." Together with the peasants, he executes the hated manager, the German Vogel. People like Savely will not stand aside at the moment of peasant unrest. The most conscious of the "people's defenders" is Grisha Dobrosklonov. He devotes his whole life to the struggle, lives among the people, knows their needs, has an education. The future of Russia, the poet believes, belongs to people like Grisha Dobrosklonov, for whom "fate prepared a glorious path, a loud name of the people's intercessor, consumption and Siberia." Grisha Dobrosklonov's songs reflect his thoughts about life ideals, his hopes for a bright future: The share of the people, their happiness, Light and freedom First of all. In a moment of despondency, O Motherland! I am thinking ahead. You are still destined to suffer a lot, But you will not die, I know. In slavery, the saved Heart is free - Gold, gold The heart of the people! The image of Grisha Dobrosklonov helps to understand that the one on whose side the truth is on whose side the truth is, who the people hope for, who chooses an honest path for himself, being a "people's defender" is truly happy.

Citizen poet, revolutionary struggle poet, N.A. Nekrasov, who wrote poems about his comrades-in-arms Dobrolyubov, Chernyshevsky, Pisarev, amazing in strength and feeling, could not help but turn in his work to a new image for Russian literature - the image of a people's intercessor.

In the poem “To whom it is good to live in Rus'”, it is shown that forces are maturing in the people that can stand up for the honor and dignity of people of low rank. The poet represents at once several characters of people who are ready to join the struggle for the humiliated and insulted Russian people, who are in bondage. Among them are Saveliy, the Holy Russian hero, people's truth-seeker Yakim Nagoi, famous for "strict truth, intelligence and kindness" Yermil Girin, who knows "to whom he will give his whole life and for whom he will die", Grisha Dobrosklonov.

As one of those who stood well for the "patrimony", Nekrasov draws Savely the hero, seeing in him the embodiment of people's strength and courage. Neither the rod nor hard labor humbled him to his fate. “Branded, but not a slave,” he says of himself. It combines such qualities as self-esteem and hatred of oppressors, remarkable strength and love of freedom, love of nature and stamina. Reading the lines dedicated to Savely, we understand that only the truly strong and courageous can be so patient and generous to endure the suffering that has befallen them.

And so we endured

That we are rich.

In that Russian heroism.

Do you think, Matryonushka,

The man is not a hero?

And his life is not military,

And death is not written for him

In battle - a hero!

Speaking of the folk heroes of the peasant kingdom of homespun Rus', Nekrasov finds amazing, truly epic comparisons:

.. .Hands twisted with chains,

Legs forged with iron

Back ... dense forests

Passed on it - broke ...

... And it bends, but does not break,

Doesn't break, doesn't fall...

Really not a hero?

The favorite word of the national avenger Saveliy - nadday - helps to see in him a person who can not only cheer up, but, most importantly, rally, captivate and lead. This word will determine the fate of the proud hero. Remembering his young years, old Savely tells how for eighteen years the peasants endured the arbitrariness of a cruel German manager, in whose power their whole life actually turned out to be. Constant bullying on his part could not but cause indignation of people. And one day they could not stand it and killed a German.

A tavern ... a prison in Bui-gorod,

There I studied literacy,

Until they decided us.

The solution came out: hard labor

And weave in advance ...

... And life was not easy.

Twenty years of strict hard labor,

Twenty years of settlement ... "

Next to Savely in the poem, another majestic image of the Russian peasant rises - the village righteous Yermil Girin. The very appearance in the world of slavery and unbridled arbitrariness of people like him serves for Nekrasov as a basis for faith in the future victory of the people and a source of cheerful feeling that permeates the poem:

The strength of the people

mighty force -

Conscience is calm

The truth is alive!

Not by struggle, like Saveliy, but by labor and skill, Yer-mil Girin wants to change the fate of the eternally oppressed. Literate, he becomes a clerk, and then, thanks to a humane attitude towards people, he is elected steward. Honest, decent, smart, once Girin, saving his brother from recruitment, commits an unfair act. And the sin taken on his soul does not give him rest.

Does not drink, does not eat; that ended

What's in the stall with a rope

Stopped by his father.

“Since the son of Vlasyevna

I put it out of line

The white light is disgusting to me!”

The image of Ermila Girin, who resigned from his post, is tragic, but cannot but arouse respect for his nobility, honesty, and compassion for people. The people around Girin appreciate him for this. And as the episode with the purchase of the windmill shows, the people at the right time are ready to come to his aid, to return kindness for kindness. The situation described by Nekrasov may not be the most typical, but it allows the poet to say that great power is hidden in the unity and mutual assistance of the common people.

Yakim Nagoi is another man with whom the wanderers met in their search for a happy life in Rus'. It would seem which of him is the defender:

The chest is sunken; like a depressed belly; at the eyes, at the mouth Bends, like cracks On the dry earth;

And he himself looks like mother earth: his neck is brown,

Like a layer cut off with a plow,

brick face,

Hand - tree bark,

And hair is sand.

In the very first lines it says:

He works to death

Drinks half to death.

But there is a dash in him that allows him to be ranked among the people's intercessors: Yakim Nagoi protects the people's soul. Exhausted, having lost his strength and health, during a fire he saves not the accumulated thirty-five rubles, but the pictures hanging in the hut on the wall, the only joy of his miserable and gray existence. Pictures are a symbol of something beautiful that lurks in the tormented soul of the people, the case allows the poet to tell the reader about the spiritual beauty inherent in the working people, which, as you know, "save the world."

And yet, the future of Russia, Nekrasov is sure, lies with people like Grisha Dobrosklonov: literate, most conscious people from the people who have dedicated their lives to the struggle for the people. The image of the seminarian Grisha Dobrosklonov, for whom "fate prepared a glorious path, a loud name of the people's intercessor, consumption and Siberia," reflected not only the poet's hopes for a brighter future, but also his life ideals. To be a din, where "it's hard to breathe, where grief is heard," is Dobrosklonov's life goal. In his songs, there is not even a call for a struggle for liberation, but a statement that the struggle has already begun:

Rat rises -

Innumerable!

The strength will affect her

Invincible!

This image, according to the poet, contained the only possible answer to the question posed in the poem about the possibility of happiness in Russia at that time. Nekrasov considered truly happy only selfless fighters for the people's good, those who, like Grisha Dobrosklonov, heard "immense strength in their chest", whose ears were delighted by "the sounds of the radiant anthem of the noble" - "the embodiment of the happiness of the people."

As you can see, both the hero of the poem and its author are full of faith that a person's happiness lies in revolutionary service to the people. Faith, based, as history has shown, on rather utopian ideas of that time, when people firmly believed that the Russian people would gather strength and learn to be a citizen.