Mushroom calendar for June July August spring and autumn. Mushroom identification guide - How to distinguish edible mushrooms Where mushrooms grow in Chuvashia

“For the fourth time, lovers of “silent hunting” gathered to share information about the accumulated experience in collecting mushrooms, to discuss how and when it is best to collect mushrooms in the Chuvash forests, so that the basket is always full and there are enough reserves for the whole winter.
Autumn, like any other time of year, is something special! This is also the best time for mass mushroom picking. At this wonderful time, a wonderful tradition of holding a holiday dedicated to mushrooms was born here.
The themed festival took place in the active recreation field “Linden Land”.
A cool morning with a timid autumn sun gradually turned into a clear, fine day of “Indian summer”. Blue sky, fresh breath of linden and coniferous forests, a riot of fiery red colors of autumn landscapes, smoke from a fire mixing with the aroma of falling leaves and a delicious mushroom smell hovering. This is probably what attracts lovers of quiet hunting to the exciting, exciting and gambling activity of collecting mushrooms.
The opening of the holiday began with a performance by the dance group “Antonina”. In the form of “live mushrooms” from boletus and fly agarics, they made all festival guests have fun and feel the holiday atmosphere.

Director of the Chavash Varmane National Park Yu.S. Tatarskikh congratulated everyone present on the Mushroom Festival, called for respect for nature, wished good weather and successful mushroom hunting!
At the music venue, amateur art groups from the settlements of the Shemurshinsky district presented their “Mushroom hits”. With the help of music, a special atmosphere was created, thanks to which one could fully experience the amazing Chuvash nature.
A bright costumed mushroom parade with a flash mob helped determine the owner of the best mushroom costume. All the participants of the holiday began to dance to the fiery music.
At the unfolding fair, local residents and representatives of rural settlements offered a wide variety of edible mushrooms for sale. Visitors could purchase fresh, boiled, salted, dried, and pickled mushrooms. The most famous and sought-after among them were: boletus, boletus, boletus, milk mushrooms, saffron milk caps, chanterelles, boletuses and, of course, white ones.
If last year there was an abundance of porcini mushrooms, this year honey mushrooms predominated. The autumn “wave” presented them amicably and abundantly, and, as a rule, people, overwhelmed with emotions, again talked about the anomaly and the beliefs associated with it.
In addition, the Mushroom Fair presented a wide variety of forest and home products: honey, berries, herbal teas, medicinal herbs, bath brooms, souvenirs made from natural materials.
The assortment offered wild berry jam and various homemade twists with pickles.
The following were presented to the attention of visitors: an exhibition of culinary products “Mushroom Feast”, a Photo exhibition “Mushrooms on a Forest Podium”, “ Exhibition of Mushroom Jokes" From bright life-size dolls, guests of the holiday received leaflets with original recipes for mushroom dishes, useful tips on collecting mushrooms, instructions on the rules for using forest resources and how to behave in the forest in order to preserve the ecology of the forest.
Interesting interactive platforms were presented by the National Library of the Chuvash Republic, representatives of the Regional Branch of OODED "Green Planet" of the Republic of Tatarstan, Shemurshinskaya Children's Art School and others.
Visitors were invited to take part in mushroom competitions, quizzes, test their knowledge of mycology, and even take an “antidote” to hallucinogenic mushrooms.
There were plenty of opportunities to take a souvenir photo or selfie against the background of nature with mushrooms or with bright life-size dolls. We think that after the holiday, social networks, where there is an abundance of mushroom boasting: some in a “hug” with baskets, buckets, and some just with piles of mushrooms, will be replenished with many new positive photos.
The most exciting event of the holiday was the Mushroom Marathon. During the allotted time, accompanied by experienced mushroom pickers, many festival participants went on a fishing trip to collect edible mushrooms. The necessary supplies for collection: baskets, buckets, knives, each participant in the holiday brought with them in advance.
The luckiest mushroom hunters were awarded diplomas and memorable gifts. The winners among mushroom pickers were determined in the following categories: “ Winner of the most complete basket», « Holder of the Giant Mushroom», « Best mushroom getter" Nadezhda Petrovna Fedotova received the “Mushroom Oscar” for the best stylized costume.
The holiday traditionally continued with a public mushroom picnic - mass consumption of mushroom soup and a fun Mushroom Disco.
We hope that an interesting holiday and a unique atmosphere will help the participants of the festival to treat nature with care and leave pleasant and vivid impressions in their memory for a long time.
The administration of the Chavash Varmane National Park thanks everyone for their assistance and assistance in holding the holiday.
Good luck to everyone mushroom hunting in the autumn!

Mushrooms are a special gift of nature! They are tasty and are used by chefs in a wide variety of dishes. And what a pleasure it is to pick mushrooms: a forest filled with the aromas of herbs and foliage, the chirping of birds and the delight of mushroom finds! And no mushrooms from a store can compare with the fragrant mushrooms from the forest found in person. How to pick mushrooms and when to pick mushrooms. The answers to these questions will be given by the mushroom calendar or mushroom calendar.

Mushroom picking- is not as simple a matter as it might seem at first glance. There is an optimal time to collect different types of mushrooms. And of course you need appropriate weather conditions. The mushroom calendar will help you choose the time to go for mushroom gifts of nature. Experienced mushroom pickers, of course, can do without it, but beginners will find the mushroom calendar very useful.

Mushroom calendar

A novice mushroom picker should definitely know that the mushroom year begins in April and ends in the second half of October. Please note that each mushroom grows at a certain time, and not all the time. Therefore, if you are specifically targeting honey mushrooms or russula, then first you need to look at the mushroom calendar and check the months when they grow.

• Mushroom calendar for April
  

April - The most difficult month for mushrooms, the mushroom calendar records. At such times there are often frosts, so not all mushrooms are able to survive frost, snow and cold. Only the most resilient survive. Mushrooms appear around mid-April. You can find morels in the thick of the forest, right where there is still snow. They grow in open areas that receive the most sunlight. But oak and pine forests will definitely delight you with stitches and cinder omphalias.

• Mushroom calendar for May

May also does not particularly please mushroom pickers with the abundance of its gifts, according to the mushroom calendar. This is the month when mushrooms are just preparing for their summer and bountiful season. But if you try hard enough, you can find morel caps and chunky stitches deep in the forest. The end of May will please mushroom pickers more, since during this period there is a high probability of finding boletus and chanterelles. Of course, the bulk of this type of mushroom will appear a little later, but if you are so impatient, then you have the opportunity to find such pioneer mushrooms.

• Mushroom calendar for June

In June, as the mushroom calendar says, there is a folk sign: If the strawberries have already turned red in the grass, and the rowan and viburnum are already covered with flowers, then you can safely go in search of russula. Finding them will not be difficult, since they are located in open places and do not hide from anyone. In mid-June, you can safely go collecting boletus, boletus and moss mushrooms. The end of the month will generously delight you with strong boletus, mushrooms and loads.

• Mushroom calendar for July

July, as the mushroom calendar records, is one of the least successful months for a mushroom picker. There is little rain during this period, and the scorching sun simply does not allow mushrooms to grow and develop normally. Therefore, during this period you should not hope for a special mushroom harvest. But, nevertheless, if the weather is rainy, then you can safely go into the forest in search of boletus, boletus and boletus, according to the mushroom calendar.

• Mushroom calendar for August

August is one of the most favorable months for mushroom pickers, according to the mushroom calendar. The heat subsides, night fogs become more frequent, and dew becomes more abundant. In the forests you can find a huge number of butterfish. You will also be lucky to have autumn mushrooms and Polish mushrooms. Saffron milk caps are a real gift for a mushroom picker who went to the forest in August.

• Mushroom calendar for September, October
  

September and October are cold months, during which it is already difficult to find a large number of mushrooms, but it is still worth trying. The Mushroom Calendar notes that if you show persistence and perseverance, you will be able to please yourself with russulas, goats and greenfinches.

More details about the mushroom growth schedule can be found in the Mushroom Calendar below. Every month is rich in mushrooms. Simply, a special time is allocated for each mushroom. Therefore, if you have any preferences, then it is best for you to navigate the mushroom picker’s calendar this way.

Mushroom calendar for June July August spring and autumn

What mushrooms to collect	When to pick mushrooms
	mushrooms in April	mushrooms in May	mushrooms in June	mushrooms in July	mushrooms in August	mushrooms in September	mushrooms in October
Morels	+	+	+
Stitches	+	+	+
May mushroom		+	+
Oyster mushroom		+	+	+	+	+	+
Meadow honey fungus			+	+	+	+
boletus			+	+	+	+
Oiler grainy				+	+	+
Summer honey fungus			+	+	+	+	+
The fox is real				+	+	+
Porcini			+	+	+	+	+
Boletus			+	+	+	+	+
Pluteus deer			+	+	+	+	+
Spiky raincoat		+	+	+	+	+	+
Common champignon			+	+	+	+
Field champignon					+	+
Valuy				+	+	+
Funnel talker				+	+	+
White umbrella mushroom				+	+	+
Variegated umbrella mushroom				+	+	+	+
Real milk mushroom					+	+
Poddubovik				+	+	+
Ivyshen					+	+	+
Loader white					+	+
Loader black					+	+
Fat pig					+	+
Russula yellow, food, etc.		+	+	+	+	+
Green moss			+	+	+	+	+
Yellow hedgehog					+	+
Ringed cap				+	+	+
Larch oiler				+	+	+
Volnushka pink					+	+	+
Black breast				+	+	+	+
Spruce green camelina					+	+	+
Pine mushroom					+	+	+
Gray talker					+	+
Late oiler					+	+
Winter mushroom						+	+
Loader black and white						+	+
Polish mushroom					+
Autumn oyster mushroom						+
Gray row						+
Autumn stitch						+	+
Autumn honey fungus						+	+
Row purple					+	+
Greenfinch					+	+	+
Hygrophor brown						+	+

Now you know when to pick mushrooms. Hurry - the end of June is a great time to collect young mushrooms suitable for delicious dishes. While you can still treat yourself to delicious mushroom food, feel free to pick mushrooms for pickles and pickling for the remaining two summer months! And for a snack, interesting information about mushrooms and tips for mushroom pickers.

Lifespan of mushrooms

Mushrooms grow quickly, increasing by approximately 1-2 cm per day. The mushroom acquires an average size in 3-6 days. The lifespan of honey mushroom, chanterelle, and boletus is 10 days. Porcini mushrooms and boletus live up to 14 days, and champignons live up to 40 days. With the maturation of spores, the number of which amounts to tens of millions, the mushrooms age and often rot. Mushrooms are tasty and nutritious. If you follow some rules, the mushroom season will bring you only joy:

1. The first sign of a clean area in which to collect mushrooms is the abundance of fly agaric mushrooms.
   
2. If only russula grow at the edge of the forest, it is better to avoid it - most likely, the soil is contaminated.
   
3. 90% of mushrooms grow along the edges, clearings and young plantings, so there is no point in climbing into the thickets at the risk of not finding your way home.
   
4. Mushrooms grow from 1 day to 3 days. Optimal conditions: 10-20 degrees Celsius, for lamellar and noble ones - from 5 to 15 degrees above zero. Air humidity is 80-90%, rain and heavy dew are desirable.
   
5. Only young mushrooms whose caps are not fully opened or partially opened are suitable for food. Overripe mushrooms with their caps open like an umbrella have no nutritional value. It is better to hang such a mushroom on a branch - let the spores spread throughout the area. But if the cap is curved like a dome, it means that the mushroom has already released spores and a poison similar to that of a corpse is formed in it. It is dangerous and is the main cause of poisoning.

Previously on the topic of Mushrooms:

The end of September pleases mushroom pickers in Chuvashia with a large harvest. Rows with buckets filled to the brim with mushrooms of all kinds appeared in the markets, social networks are full of photographs of freshly picked mushrooms, and hundreds of advertisements for their sale with home delivery have already been posted on forums.

Lost

In turn, the activity of mushroom pickers added work to rescue workers. In the period from August 22 to September 26 alone, 24 people who went mushroom hunting were lost. According to the State Committee for Emergency Situations in Chuvashia, eight of them, having lost their way, managed to find the way themselves, another 15 were led out of the thicket by search groups. When going into the forest to pick mushrooms, you should take care of personal safety measures: warn your family and friends, charge your mobile phone, put everything you need in your backpack.

If necessary, you can call the emergency service by dialing 101. In addition, calls from all mobile operators are made through the toll-free emergency number 112, including those with a negative balance.

Mushroom pickers, infographics Photo: Main Directorate of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia for the Chuvash Republic

Mushroom places

This year, mushrooms are everywhere. But the forests of several regions of Chuvashia remain famous for their “assortment”: Marposadsky, Ibresinsky, Alatyrsky, Shemurshinsky and Trans-Volga region. Residents of Chuvashia also visit the neighboring forests of Mari El to pick mushrooms.

Mushroom map of Chuvashia Photo: “AiF”-Chuvashia”

Many residents of the Novoyuzhny district of Cheboksary do not go to the forest, saving time and money: they pick mushrooms near their house. “Not far from the “Hospital Complex” stop, towards the forest, there are a lot of mushrooms, and there are plenty of mushroom pickers, too,” says Cheboksary resident Galina Varlamova.- I’ve picked some pigs here, honey mushrooms and butter. I’ve been collecting in this area for several years now and have had no health problems.”

Bestseller

For a kilogram of “simple” mushrooms - tremors - in the markets they ask for about 100 rubles, for white ones - 150-200 rubles. It is more profitable to buy in the evening - you can bargain. The Cheboksary forum also has a large assortment: saffron milk caps, boletus mushrooms, boletus mushrooms - they promise to collect and deliver them upon order on the same day. Prices average 500 rubles. for 10 liters (about 4 kg). However, it is safer to buy in authorized places - in the markets, “forest meat” will be checked by specialists before sale.

“Mushrooms sold on the market undergo control: they must be sorted by type, cleared of debris, and must not be soft, wrinkled or wormy,” says Zonya Vladimirova, head of the veterinary and sanitary examination laboratory of ZAO TC Tsentralny. “The mushrooms are checked with a dosimeter for radiation levels, which should not exceed 20 microroentgens per hour; if the number is higher, they are seized and sent to the republican veterinary station.”

The specialist clarified that several years ago, by decision of Rospotrebnadzor, it became prohibited to sell pigs - they contain substances that destroy red blood cells in the human body.

Little by little

It is important to be sure that the “hat” placed in the basket is edible, and at the first signs of poisoning, immediately call an ambulance.

“Mushrooms contain enzymes and vitamin C, potassium, magnesium, iron, and phosphorus salts. They also contain a lot of proteins, fats, vitamins, carbohydrates and mineral salts, - says doctor of the highest category Alias ​​Unguryan.- However, mushrooms contain plant fibers that are difficult to digest, interfere with the absorption of nutrients, and can sometimes cause irritation of the gastric mucosa. Mushrooms can only be useful in small quantities, properly prepared.”

By the way, for the third year in a row, a mushroom festival is being held in the Chăvash Vărmanӗ National Park. This year, competitions were organized for holiday guests from Chuvashia, Mari El and the Ulyanovsk region, a marathon “Who goes where, and we go for mushrooms,” a tasting of mushroom dishes and a thematic photo exhibition. At the fair-sale you could buy freshly picked mushrooms.

According to the observations of specialists from the Federal Budgetary Health Institution “Center for Hygiene and Epidemiology in the Chuvash Republic - Chuvashia,” mushroom poisoning is recorded almost annually. Moreover, the main cause of poisoning in most cases is the same - eating poisonous and conditionally edible mushrooms. Another reason is improper preparation of mushroom dishes.

For example, edible mushrooms (ceps, boletus, boletus, chanterelles, etc.) after cooking can be eaten without any risk to health. However, such mushrooms should only be collected when they are young. You cannot take flabby, overgrown, wormy mushrooms, damaged by larvae, slugs, mold...

In old or long-stored mushrooms, the decomposition process begins and protein breakdown products appear.

Conditionally edible mushrooms (volnushki, nigella, white mushrooms, milk mushrooms, podgruzdi, valui, some types of russula, morels, etc.) begin to be processed ONLY AFTER SOAKING them in cold water for one or two days, changing the water 3-4 times, OR AFTER BOILING (the broth must be drained without tasting!). For example, morels are boiled twice for 15-20 minutes, draining the broths.

Poisonous mushrooms (pale toadstool, fly agarics, false mushrooms, pigs, stitches...) are very dangerous because they retain their poisonous properties after any processing methods. For a long time, PIGS were considered conditionally edible mushrooms; now they are excluded from this list and CLASSIFIED AS POISONOUS, because they contain the poison muscarine, which is not destroyed during the boiling process.

It is better to collect mushrooms with an experienced mushroom picker who understands them. And parents should ensure that their children do not pick mushrooms on the streets or in courtyards...

Signs of poisoning appear after 2-6 hours. Nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhea appear, thirst and weakness are felt.

At the first signs of poisoning, you should immediately call a doctor or take the sick person to the hospital. Before the doctor arrives, the patient should be given first aid. First of all, cleanse the stomach and intestines of food containing poison. The stomach is washed by giving the patient a large amount of boiled water with soda (1 teaspoon per 0.5 liter of water) or a weak solution of potassium permanganate to drink, then induce vomiting. After this, the victim should be given a laxative and put to bed. To replenish the body's loss of fluid and salts, it is useful to give the patient salted water or strong tea. Drinking alcoholic beverages is unacceptable - they accelerate the absorption of toxic substances into the body.

The remains of the mushrooms must be preserved until the doctor arrives; they will help to find out the cause of the poisoning and prescribe the correct treatment. However, even the most effective treatment methods are effective only if the person poisoned by mushrooms is taken to a medical facility early.

There are seven simple rules HOW TO NOT BE POISONED BY MUSHROOMS

1) Before picking mushrooms, read the list of edible, poisonous and conditionally edible mushrooms;

2) If the mushroom is unknown, it is better not to take it, no matter how beautiful it looks;

3) It is better to go for mushrooms with an experienced mushroom picker or consult with such a specialist before processing them;

4) Never taste raw mushrooms;

5) Drain the broth WITHOUT TASTING;

6) Buy mushrooms at the market - there, every mushroom seller MUST HAVE with him an expert certificate from the market laboratory (and displayed in a visible place).

Department of Hygienic Training and Education

FBUZ "Center for Hygiene and Epidemiology in the Chuvash Republic - Chuvashia"

In total, more than 10 types of dangerous mushrooms are found on the territory of our republic. Their degree of toxicity varies. But every mushroom picker needs to know what they look like poisonous mushrooms.

Mushroom picker Igor Dzekunov told us which mushrooms should never be put in the basket.

1. Mountain spiderwort (plush)

This mushroom can be found in deciduous and mixed forests with the presence of oak. Lives on the ground, not far from oak trees. Ripening time is August-September. The color of the cap is deep red, orange, red-brown (the most common shade).

Deadly poisonous. Contains orellanin, which completely paralyzes the liver. In total, mycologists discovered 17 types of toxic substances in the mushroom.

2. Pale grebe

This mushroom can be found in deciduous, mixed and coniferous forests. True, it is less common in conifers. The pallid grebe grows near birch, elm, oak, pine and fir trees. Prefers moist, dark, grass-free glades rich in humus. Found in forests from July until frost.

The main color is pale green. But depending on the weather, place of residence, environment, it can be the most unexpected: olive, brown, yellowish-ocher, light green, white. The center is always darker.

It is poisonous and especially dangerous to human life. Not used in any form. The mushroom contains 16 types of poisons!

3. Curled fiberglass

Habitat: coniferous forests, less common in mixed forests. The color of the cap is brown, dark brown. Poisonous. Contains muscarine, which is what the vast majority of fly agaric mushrooms contain.

4. Entaloma poisonous

Habitat: deciduous forests. The color of the cap is off-white, white-cream, grayish-ocher, light beige, light brown, light brown. Poisonous. Causes severe gastrointestinal upset. As a rule, it does not lead to death, but a lot of troubles arise, both for the patient and for those around him.

5. Thin pig

Found in all regions of Chuvashia. It is distinguished by its massive fruiting and similarity to some types of edible pickling mushrooms. Thanks to many years of chemical and toxicological research, scientists were able to reliably establish that the thin pig contains one of the most insidious types of poisons. This is muscarine. It is heat-resistant, which means that even long-term (more than 3 hours) boiling of the mushroom extract does not lead to its detoxification.

6. The lines are gigantic

Habitat: rare birch forest. Middle-aged birch trees. Sparse mixed forests with a predominance of birch and spruce. Prefers free spaces without tall grass, clearings, fires, plantings with wide row spacing, as well as the edges of ditches, trenches, and depressions. Outwardly, this line looks like a lump of heavily crumpled, but not very thick paper. Toxic.

7. C ordinary trochek

Habitat - With basic and mixed with pine forests. It is much less common in young deciduous forests. Ripening time is late April-early June. It grows simultaneously with the giant line. Slightly poisonous. Many mushroom pickers take risks (I am among them) and, after double boiling, stew the mushrooms in sour cream.