Biography of Bianchi: childhood, literary activity and personal life. Vitaly Bianki short biography What Vitaly Valentinovich Bianki wrote

Vitaly Bianchi is a famous Russian writer. He was very fond of his native nature and talked about it in books that he wrote for children.

Vitaly was born in the capital of Tsarist Russia - St. Petersburg. The Bianchi family inherited an unusual surname from their great-grandfather, who lived in Italy.

The boy's father was engaged in ornithology - the study of the life of birds and worked in the scientific Zoological Museum. Little Vitaly and his brothers liked to visit their father's work. They looked with interest at the showcases with frozen birds and animals, because exhibits from different parts of the world were collected here.

When summer came, the whole family went from the city to their summer vacation in the village of Lebyazhye. The village was located in a picturesque place: on the seashore, next to a forest and a small river. Little Vitaly was greatly impressed by hiking in the forest. The dense thicket seemed to the boy a mysterious, wonderful country. He learned a lot of interesting things about the life of forest dwellers from his father.

Vitaly was smart and inquisitive. Walking through the forest, he noticed interesting things and immediately wrote them down. Many years later, these observations became the basis of fairy tales and stories.

The youth of the future writer was rich in hobbies. He played football very well, read literature, loved hunting and traveling.

Service in the army coincided with a revolutionary period in the history of Russia. During the turbulent war years, Vitaly lived for several years in the Altai Territory in the town of Biysk. There he began to do his favorite thing - he organized scientific hikes in the mountainous region, led the local history museum. At the same time, the young man lectured on biology, introduced students to the fascinating world of animals and birds. After all, he knew him well and loved him.

In 1922, Vitaly Bianchi returned to his native city. In Petrograd he met Chukovsky, Marshak and other children's writers. Communication with writers laid the foundation for the writing activity of Vitaly Valentinovich. In 1923, his first works were published: a short story "The Journey of the Red-Headed Sparrow" and a book of stories "Whose nose is better?".

The author was best known for the famous Forest Newspaper, which he rewrote and supplemented throughout his life. This amazing book describes the events that happen to forest dwellers at different times of the year.

All subsequent creations of Bianchi were dedicated to the forest. In his kind stories and fairy tales, he revealed the secrets of the forest, showed the life of its inhabitants from a new perspective, conveyed the beauty and diversity of Russian nature. Books by V. Bianchi teach careful attitude to all living things that surround a person.

Creativity Bianchi

If you want to know how a gray hare moves through the winter forest, or how a hungry wolf roams in search of prey, just read a few stories by the famous children's writer Vitaly Bianchi, who told about all the secrets of nature in his books.

Vitaly Valentinovich was born in 1894 in the city of St. Petersburg. In his childhood, he often wandered through the forest and listened with particular pleasure to the stories of experienced hunters. He tried to delve into many of the mysteries of nature that interested him. Bianchi considered his father to be his main teacher, since it was he who taught him to write down all natural phenomena in a notebook. After studying at the gymnasium, Vitaly Valentinovich enters Petrograd University in the department of natural sciences. In 1916, he studied at an accelerated course at a military school in Vladimir and was sent to an artillery brigade. In 1918 he joined the Socialist-Revolutionary Party and worked in their current newspaper. After mobilization in the Russian army, the writer is forced to become a deserter and hide for a long time under a false name. He had to leave for Altai, where he gladly became the organizer of tourist and local history trips and the creator of the local museum. In addition, Bianchi lectured on biology.

In 1922 he returned to Petrograd, where he often visited the literary community. Among the representatives of the circle were the well-known Korney Chukovsky, Samuil Marshak. And now readers get acquainted with the first work of Bianchi "Journey of the red-headed sparrow." This was followed by a collection of short stories "Whose nose is better?". The writer in his forest stories answered the children many questions that were of interest to them. Soon, Vitaly Valentinovich published Lesnaya Gazeta for older children, where, on the basis of published works, he sought to teach children to observe independently. He worked on this book for more than 4 years, and achieved the result. Each of his stories did not leave any reader indifferent to the life of our smaller brothers. But if you carefully read his works, you will notice that his heroes are not only animals and birds, but also their friends-guys. This is the resourceful Yegorka from the story "In the Footsteps" and the first grader Mike from "Winter Flight".

During the period of his work, the writer created a scientific society, where the best minds of St. Petersburg gathered. In addition, Vitaly Valentinovich worked on the radio, where he hosted the program Vesti Lesa. During his creative activity, Bianchi created about 300 stories, stories in which he instilled in children a love of nature. His works are read with great interest by both preschoolers and primary school students. The writer died of a long lung disease in 1959.

Biography 2

Everyone who remembers his school years will always remember the name of an outstanding writer, inextricably linked with childhood, school, books on extracurricular reading. In elementary school textbooks, we read, and even now our children, grandchildren and even great-grandchildren read, and will read stories about nature, about the life of animals, by Vitaly Valentinovich Bianki. Without his "Forest Newspaper", "Teremka", "First Hunt" it is impossible to imagine the school curriculum and your childhood. His books are the first to acquaint the little reader with a sense of duty, responsibility and, most importantly, with a feeling of love and care for our smaller brothers.

The writer was born in St. Petersburg. The writer's ancestors were Italians, hence such an unusual surname. All his childhood was inextricably linked with nature. His father was a biologist, an employee of the Museum of Zoology of the Academy of Sciences. The family's house was located near the museum and little Vitaly spent all his days there, their whole apartment was filled with animals, birds, even snakes. For the whole summer, the family went to the village of Lebyazhye, and all the pets traveled with them. There, in the village, a huge horizon was opened up for "lovers of nature."

Naturally, after such an eventful childhood, the son of a biologist entered the natural department of the university in St. Petersburg. But with the outbreak of the First World War, the young man was forced to quit his studies and join the army. In 1918 he went to Altai on an expedition. Here he was sent to Kolchak's army, but deserted, hiding with the partisans. After the establishment of the new Soviet regime, Vitaly continues to live in Biysk, organizes a local history museum there and teaches at school. In this city, the writer married Vera Klyuzheva, who was a teacher of French, a daughter and 3 sons were born in the family.

In 1922, the Bianchi family moved to St. Petersburg, where the writer joined a circle of children's writers, which already included S. Marshak, K. Chukovsky and others. ". Next comes the book "Whose nose is better?" Easy readable tone, interesting facts about the life of animals, unpretentious humor - everything was to the liking of the reader. In 1924, one of the famous works "Forest Newspaper" was created. A year later, and until 1935, the persecution of the authorities began on the writer. During the Great Patriotic War, together with his family he was evacuated to the Urals, he was not taken to the front because of heart problems.

The writer spent the remaining years of his life in the fight against various diseases: diabetes, vascular disease, suffered 2 strokes, a heart attack - all this did not allow him to walk, go to his beloved forest, but he continued to write. Vitaly Bianchi died at the age of 65 from lung cancer.

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Bianki Vitaly Valentinovich(1894-1959) - Russian writer, author of many works for children. The vast majority of Bianchi's tales are dedicated to the Russian forest. Many of them repeatedly express the idea of ​​the importance of knowledge related to wildlife, and they express it gently and carefully, awakening in children a craving for knowledge and research: "", "", "", "", "" and many others.

Popular tales of Bianchi Vitaly Valentinovich

Fairy tales and stories by Vitaly Valentinovich Bianchi

Vitaly Valentinovich Bianchi was born in St. Petersburg in 1894. From childhood, the writer was accustomed to the biological sciences, his father constantly took him to the Zoological Museum, and also instructed him to write naturalist notes. Bianchi developed a love for nature as a child and continued to take naturalistic notes for the rest of his life. What was not in his notebooks: notes on the habits of birds and animals, hunting stories, fables, as well as local dialects relating to the nature of a particular region.

The writer was very fond of traveling and always spent the summer months in nature, studying the forest flora and fauna in the most remote corners of our vast country. That is why tales and stories of Bianchi so colorful and varied.

Vitaly Valentinovich thoroughly engaged in writing in 1922. At this time, he met Marshak, who would later have a significant impact on the writer's work. Marshak introduces his new friend to Chukovsky and Zhitkov, who were delighted to hear Bianchi's tales and stories. Just at that moment, the writer realized that the notes that he had so diligently collected all his life were not in vain. Each such entry is an occasion for a new fairy tale, or essay. Soon in the children's magazine "Sparrow" Bianchi will be published for the first time.

In 1923, many books by Vitaly Valentinovich will be released, which will then bring him wide fame:, and many others. Five years later, Bianchi's most famous creation, The Forest Newspaper, will be released, it was published until 1958 and was recognized as an exemplary children's work. Later, in 1932, the collection "Forest were and fables" will be released, which will combine both previously written tales and stories of Bianchi, and new works of the writer.

The vast majority of fairy tales and stories of Vitaly Valentinovich are dedicated to the Russian forest. In many of them, the idea of ​​the importance of knowledge concerning wildlife is repeatedly expressed, and it is expressed gently and carefully, awakening in children a craving for knowledge and research.

Bianchi was able to observe life through the eyes of children, it is thanks to such a rare gift that any of his works is read by a child easily and naturally. Thanks to travel, the writer knew a lot, but in books he focuses the attention of the child only on the most significant and precious moments. Tales and stories of Bianchi extremely interesting and varied. Some are funny and hilarious, some are dramatic, and some are full of lyrical thought and poetry.

The folklore tradition is strong in many of Bianchi's works. Vitaly Valentinovich gave his creations all the best that he could learn from folk tales, tales of experienced hunters and travelers. Fairy tales and stories of Bianchi are full of humor and drama, they are written in simple and natural language, they are characterized by richness of description and swiftness of action. Any works of the writer, whether fairy tales or stories, are based on deep scientific knowledge, they have an excellent educational effect. The writer teaches children not only to observe nature, but also to strive to know its beauty, as well as to protect the natural resources that are so necessary for man, especially in our difficult time.

Although tales and stories of Bianchi written in the same genre, they are very diverse and completely different from each other. It can be both short fairy tales-dialogues, and multi-page stories. Young readers, getting acquainted with the work of Vitaly Valentinovich, receive their first lessons in natural science. The description in the works is so juicy and colorful that the child can easily imagine the situation or the state of mind of the characters.

For the youngest lovers of literature, Bianchi wrote small humorous stories, the content of which is based on a curious, and at the same time instructive adventure. Along with individual works, the writer publishes whole cycles of stories for the little ones, for example, "My cunning little son." The protagonist is a curious boy who, while walking with his father through the forest, comprehends forest secrets and makes many discoveries for himself.

For older readers, Vitaly Valentinovich publishes the collection "Unexpected Meetings", all works in which have a harmonious composition, poetic beginning and ending. Seemingly ingenuous at first, the plot at the end will make the reader seriously think about what happened.

In conclusion, I would like to note that tales and stories of Bianchi suitable for children of any age, they will help the child not only broaden his horizons, but also develop a craving for knowledge. No wonder the writer's works are included in the golden fund of children's literature, not only in Russia, but also abroad.

Vitaly Valentinovich Bianki (January 30 (February 11) (1894-02-11 ) , St. Petersburg , Russian Empire - June 10th, Leningrad, USSR) - Soviet writer, author of many works for children.

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  Entered the natural department of the Faculty of Physics and Mathematics of Petrograd University.

  In his youth, he played in the football teams of St. Petersburg in the games of the city championship. He played for the clubs "Petrovsky" (1911), "Neva" (1912), "Unitas" (1913-1915, 1916 spring). Winner of the Spring Cup of St. Petersburg in 1913.

  In February 1916, he married the daughter of a titular councillor, Zinaida Alexandrovna Zakharevich.

  In 1916, Bianchi was drafted into the army. After graduating from the accelerated courses of the Vladimir Military School with the rank of ensign, he was sent to the artillery brigade.

  In February 1917, the soldiers elected him to the Soviet of Soldiers' and Workers' Deputies. Joined the Socialist-Revolutionary Party. He was a member of the commission for the protection of artistic monuments of Tsarskoye Selo. In the spring of 1918, along with his unit, he ended up on the Volga. In the summer of 1918, Bianchi began working in the Samara newspaper "People" (published from September to December 1918 by the propaganda cultural and educational department of the Socialist-Revolutionary Komuch).

  In connection with the advance of the Red Army, Bianchi was evacuated from Samara and lived for some time in Ufa, Yekaterinburg, then again in Ufa, then in Tomsk, and finally settled in Biysk.

  In 1921, the Biysk Cheka was arrested twice. In addition, he served 3 weeks in prison as a hostage. In September 1922, V. Bianchi was warned of a possible arrest, and, having issued a business trip, he went with his family to Petrograd.

  In 1923, he published his first story, The Journey of the Red-Headed Sparrow, and then published the book Whose Nose Is Better? .

  At the end of 1925, Bianchi was again arrested and sentenced for participation in a non-existent underground organization to three years of exile in Uralsk. In 1928, thanks to numerous petitions, including M. Gorky, who turned to G. G. Yagoda, he received permission to move to Novgorod, and then to Leningrad. In November 1932 another arrest followed. After three and a half weeks, he was released "for lack of evidence."

  In March 1935, Bianchi, as "the son of a personal nobleman, a former Socialist-Revolutionary, an active participant in an armed uprising against the Soviet regime," was once again arrested and sentenced to exile for five years in the Aktobe region. Thanks to the intercession of E. P. Peshkova, the link was canceled, and Bianchi was released. From 1924 to June 10, 1959 (with the exception of exile and evacuation) he lived in Leningrad at the address - Vasilievsky Island, Malyi Avenue, building 4.

  In these years before the war, V. Bianchi organized a “literary school” at his home in Leningrad. The pupils of the school were Nikolay Sladkov, Alexey Liverovsky, Zoya Pirogova, Kronid Garnovsky, Svyatoslav Sakharnov, Boris Zhitkov and others, who later became famous writers. V. V. Bianchi became the leader and mentor of the famous scientist-breeder and aspiring writer N. Pavlova. Vitaly Valentinovich treated this duty conscientiously. Before meeting with her, he carefully prepared, made many comments, explained the forms of development of the plot, how to start and end the work correctly, how to reflect time in the composition. With the help of Vitaly Valentinovich Bianchi, the writer wrote her first story, Record Shot (1935). New literary works Nina Mikhailovna Pavlova sent Bianchi for editing by mail, sometimes brought him manuscripts. Bianchi read and edited them. During her illness (acute articular rheumatism), the letters of V. V. Bianchi were a great support for her. In his ninth lifetime edition of the book "Forest Newspaper" V. Bianchi included 28 stories by N. Pavlova.

  Literary activity

  Bianchi's books reveal the world of nature, teach to penetrate into its secrets. The language is light and colorful, appealing directly to the child's imagination.

  "Forest newspaper for every year"(1st ed., 1928) has an original literary form: with the help of newspaper techniques - a telegram, a chronicle, an announcement, a feuilleton - a calendar of forest life is given for each month. It has twelve chapters-numbers - one number for each month. The year begins with the vernal equinox, the 1st month - from March 21 to April 20, and so on. Lesnaya Gazeta grew out of the "newspaper department" of the New Robinson magazine, where Bianchi kept a phenological calendar of nature from issue to issue. During the life of the author, Lesnaya Gazeta was repeatedly supplemented and reprinted (9th ed., 1958). The cover image of the book "Forest Newspaper" in 1949 and the mention of the author's name are in the text of the TSB 2nd edition. Currently (2000s) it is usually published in abbreviated form.

  Basically, Bianchi discovered his native nature at his dacha in Lebyazhye. Representatives of the scientific community of St. Petersburg often gathered at the dacha.

  Bianchi wrote more than three hundred stories, fairy tales, novellas and articles, published 120 books, which were printed with a total circulation of 40 million copies. In the Soviet Union, Bianchi's books were widely used in kindergartens and elementary schools.

  Bianchi played a significant role in the fate of the children's writer S. V. Sakharnov. Sakharnov considered Bianchi his teacher. N. I. Sladkov is also a student and follower of Bianchi.

  Here are some of his works for children:

  • Anyutka duck
  • water horse
  • Where do crayfish hibernate
  • Eyes and ears
  • green pond
  • How the ant hurried home
  • How I wanted to pour salt on the hare's tail
  • Red hill
  • Who sings what?
  • Kuzyar-chipmunk and Inoyka-bear
  • cuckoo
  • forest houses
  • Forest scouts
  • Little Mouse Peak
  • heavenly elephant
  • Orange neck
  • First hunt
  • Sundew - mosquito death
  • Fish House (co-authored with Anna Akimkina)
  • snow book
  • Teremok
  • Terenty-grouse
  • Tails
  • Whose nose is better?
  • Whose legs are these?

  Bianki Vitaly Valentinovich (01/30/1894 - 06/10/1959) - Russian and Soviet writer, whose works are overwhelmingly intended for children. With the help of interesting stories, stories and fairy tales, he described wildlife. The author has written more than 120 books, which include about 300 different works.

  "The writer is a child of the people, he grows from the depths of the people's worldview"

  Noble childhood

  Vitaly Bianchi was born in St. Petersburg on January 30, 1984. His father - Valentin Lvovich - was a famous ornithologist (an expert on birds), he even was a member of the Academy of Sciences and worked at the Zoological Museum. It is not surprising that from an early age, the son became interested in nature - he listened to his father's stories at home, came to his work, made various notes about the world around him. Later, Vitaly will call his dad - "the first forest teacher."

  By the way, the Bianchi family goes back to the beginning of the 19th century. Moreover, one half of the writer's ancestors were Swiss, and the other Germans. And their last name was Weiss, which translates as "white." But the name Bianchi appeared under Vitaly's great-grandfather. He was a famous opera singer. And one day he was offered to go on tour in Italy. But there was one condition - to take a pseudonym, so that they would be better accepted. And the great-grandfather, without hesitation, called himself Bianchi, which also means "white", but only in Italian. And then he liked it, and he officially changed his last name.

  Vitaliy Bianchi, as a child, did not really think about composing and writing stories. He was much more attracted to sports and the exact sciences. So, he played football at a professional level, played in several teams in St. Petersburg and even won the City Cup. And after school he entered the Petrograd University at the Faculty of Mathematics and Physics.

  Soviet maturity

  Vitaly Bianchi did not have to work in his specialty. In 1916 he was drafted into the army. And a year later there was a revolution. And the future writer, like many young people of that time, was fascinated by Bolshevik romance. He quickly changed his views and joined the Soviet of Workers' and Soldiers' Deputies. And since he was an educated person, he was even included in a special commission that was involved in the protection of cultural monuments in Tsarskoye Selo. And then he was transferred to Samara, where he began to write a campaign column in the local newspaper "People".

  During the Civil War, Vitaly Bianchi had to move from city to city so as not to fall into the hands of the White Guards. Once he nevertheless encountered Kolchak's army and was even forcibly mobilized into it. But at the first opportunity, he deserted, changing his surname to Belyanin. From that time until the end of his life, he will bear a double surname - Bianki-Belyanin.

  When Soviet power was finally established in the country, Vitaly Valentinovich began working in the department of public education in the city of Biysk. He oversaw the work of museums. And in parallel, he was invited to lecture on ornithology at a local university.

  By the way, despite the absolute devotion to the Soviet regime, Vitaly Bianka very often fell into the "pencil" of the Chekists. They could not forgive him for his noble origin. It got to the point that he spent several weeks in prison. And only the help of influential friends, among whom was Maxim Gorky, helped him avoid long-term imprisonment, and even exile in camps.

  Literary activity

  In fact, Vitaly Bianchi began to write quite early - right after the army. But it was creativity "for himself", he did not show his stories to anyone. He has accumulated quite a lot of similar texts over the years. And Vitaly Valentinovich himself called them "dead weight".

  “It was like a Zoological Museum, where numerous inanimate creatures are collected - the animals are frozen, and the birds do not sing and do not fly. And I really wanted, as in childhood, to use a magic spell to revive it all.

  The crowning achievement of Vitaly Bianchi's creative career was the book Forest Newspaper, published in 1928. In terms of the form of content, it had no analogues in the world at that time. And the idea was to create a kind of calendar in which each month was dedicated to the life of the inhabitants of the forest. Moreover, it was presented in different genres - there were stories, and chronicles, and telegrams, and feuilleton, and even simple announcements. This book was reprinted at different times, the pages were filled with pictures, the covers changed, but one thing remained forever - the unique author's style and the insane interest of readers, especially the smallest ones.

  “There is a kind of cheerful force in me. I see: everything that I had and have is good, bright in life ... - from this power. She is blessed both in me and in others - in people, birds, flowers and trees, in earth and water, ”Vitaly Bianchi wrote in his diary.

  In the summer, the Bianchi family left for the village of Lebyazhye. Here Vitaly first went on a real forest journey. He was then 5-6 years old. Since then, the forest has become a magical land for him. Father constantly took little Vitaly with him into the forest, telling him about every bird and animal. Bianchi kept the tradition of spending the summer in nature, in the countryside, for life.

  

  Vitaly studied at the gymnasium, then at the Faculty of Natural Sciences at the university, served in the army, and later worked as a teacher at a school. And Vitaly Bianchi always considered his father to be HIS main forest teacher. It was he who taught his son to record all observations. In numerous notebooks, Bianchi kept his notes on the habits of birds and animals, special local words, proverbs, hunting stories and stories of experienced people. Brother Anatoly, who often traveled with him, took photographs.

  After many years, these observations were transformed into fascinating stories and fairy tales about nature.

  Vitaly Bianchi wrote: “Forest houses”, “Whose nose is better?”, “Mouse Peak”, “Teremok”, “Like an ant hurried home”, “Latka” and many others. Since 1928, the work of the writer begins and continues until 1958 - as much as 30 years, on his main book "Forest Newspaper", ten editions of which were constantly supplemented and changed by the writer himself and came out during his lifetime.

  

  

  

  Most of Bianchi's stories are about the forest, which he knew well from childhood. Bianchi's works teach to love nature and take care of it, watch animals and be ready to always help the weak.

  A great creative success was brought to Bianchi by the radio program "News from the Forest", which lasted for many years and was very fond of the audience, on which he worked with his students. The last book of the writer, "Bird Identifier in the Wild" remained unfinished.

  Vitaly Valentinovich Bianchi died in 1959, when he was 65 years old.