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Yuri Vasnetsov, illustrator. Good storyteller Yuri Vasnetsov

This artist proved his skills both in the creation of paintings, and in the design of performances in theaters, and as a graphic artist. But nevertheless, it was the illustrations for the fairy tales of Yuri Vasnetsov that won special love and recognition from young readers. It became the main business of his life. We, former children, readers of books, in which it was no less exciting to look at the illustrations created by this artist, than to sort out our first texts then, still in warehouses, remember this now.

What do we know about the biography of Yuri Vasnetsov?

Youth of the artist

The future artist was born in 1900 in the Russian town of Vyatka, in the family of a priest who served in the local cathedral. Distant family ties connected this family with other Vasnetsovs - the artists Victor and Apollinaris, as well as Alexander Vasnetsov, a famous folklorist, collector of folk songs. Of course, such a family heritage could not but affect the future work of the artist.

Yuri Vasnetsov spent all his childhood in Vyatka. A large number of handicraft workshops and artels worked in this provincial town. The crafts were very different - furniture, chest, toys. Yes, and Yuri's mother herself was known in the district as an excellent embroiderer and lacemaker. Childhood impressions are the most vivid and it is they that influence the formation of our ideas about the world, the memories that remain with us until the end of days. Towels with embroidered roosters, boxes and chests painted in the Russian folk spirit, bright wooden and clay toys - rams, bears, horses, dolls ... All these images ended up on the pages of books with famous Vasnetsov's "fabulous" illustrations for a reason.

Young Yuri really wanted to become an artist - so in 1921 he entered the Petrograd State Free Art Workshops (abbreviated GSHM) in the painting department. Among Vasnetsov's teachers are Osip Braz, Alexander Savinov and even Russian avant-garde artists Kazimir Malevich and Mikhail Matyushin.

Work in a publishing house

After training, the artist began to collaborate with the famous Detgiz, where, under the guidance of the painter and, by all accounts, the outstanding master of the poster, Vladimir Lebedev, he created his first masterpieces. Illustrations for children's books "Swamp" and "Humpbacked Horse", as they say now, "made him a name." Following them were published designed by Yuri Vasnetsov "Three Bears" by Leo Tolstoy, "Fables in the Faces", "Ladushki", "Rainbow-Arc". At the same time, he also created a series of paintings created by the so-called "flat printing technique" - children's lithographic prints on traditional folklore themes.

After a trip to the North in 1931, the artist Yuri Vasnetsov finally strengthened his chosen path. Already possessing all the skills of a master painter, he approached the study of folk origins even more carefully.

The phenomenon of painting by Yuri Vasnetsov

Having made a trip to the Russian northern regions, the artist began to master new subtleties of craftsmanship. Then they started talking about the "phenomenon of Vasnetsov's painting." Here, for example, is one of the still lifes, with a large fish depicted on it: on an oblong, red tray lies a large fish with silver scales. The picture is stylistically executed in such a way that it is not clear whether it is a heraldic sign, or just a rug from the wall of a peasant hut. Red, black and silver-gray tones are opposed, but at the same time they balance each other in the overall artistic plane of the still life.

Highly appreciating both the folk "bazaar" art and the canons of refined painting, by 1934 Yuri Vasnetsov created such canvases as "Lady with a Mouse", "Still Life with a Hat and a Bottle", etc. However, fearing the persecution that affected artists of that time in connection with the campaign against formalism that began, Vasnetsov painted what is called "on the table", making this part of his painting a secret and showing pictures only to close people.

Only after his death at the exhibitions of the work of Yuri Alekseevich Vasnetsov did they fully find their fans. Then it became clear how great the gift of this man was - being an outstanding "children's" artist, he was also a wonderful master of painting of the 20th century.

Illustration images

It is no coincidence that the artist later wrote that he always lived by what he remembered from childhood.

And now, almost the same as Vyatka toys, smartly and festively, the artist "dresses" his heroes. Cats and goats, mothers of numerous families, wear skirts decorated with frills and lace in his illustrations. That's how they run it. But the Bunny, offended by the Fox - the artist must have put on a warm blouse on him, out of compassion. Bears and wolves, according to the logic that is quite understandable to all children, were most often not supposed to wear clothes, because they were dangerous and predatory enemies to all other animals.

And here is an unusually kind cat:

I bought a cat pie
The cat went to the street
I bought a bun for a cat.
Do you have yourself
Or demolish Borenka?
I'll bite myself
Yes, I'll take Borenka too.

In winter, the cat wears solid painted felt boots, a pink bow is tied around his neck, and the woman on the side of the walking cat rejoices noisily at his appearance, and the dog is in no hurry to bark. And even further away are houses with snow-covered roofs, with burning windows, and smoke from the chimneys in a column straight into the sky - which means that the weather is calm, windless, clear.

And how stupid it is to live in enmity! Here are two crows sitting, turned away from each other, ruffled, looking in different directions:

On the edge, on the shed
Two crows are sitting
Both look apart
Because of a dead beetle
Quarreled.

And the landscape surrounding these stingy crows is not at all the same as in other pictures. He is much more stingy with colors and joy is clearly lacking in him.

In the illustrations of Yuri Vasnetsov, a special world comes to life - cozy, kind, calm. And incredibly colorful. In such a world, any child, and maybe sometimes even an adult, will want to stay longer, peering into his characters, charging with their spiritual generosity, living with them their albeit “gingerbread”, but such touching stories. At the same time, the animals painted by Vasnetsov are not cloying, but mysterious. Some critics even believed that the artist paints "scary" pictures, scaring children.

And it’s also very Russian: if it’s scary, then it’s trembling, sad, it’s so tearful, and if it’s joy, then it’s certainly a feast for the whole world.

Style and color

The emotionality of Vasnetsov's drawings is dictated primarily by color, which plays a decisive role in the perception of images. It is both decorative, which is generally characteristic of folk art, and poetic, which, in turn, distinguishes all the artist's work.

Vasnetsov's illustrations - color alphabet for a child. Everything is simple, like in a fairy tale: the wolf is gray, the bunny is white, the fox is red, etc. The artist actively uses the principle, as art critics call this technique, of the "magic lantern". The action takes place on a certain, necessarily festive, bright background color (red, yellow, blue, etc.). This environment in which the characters communicate is compositional in itself, and at the same time it is that new bright spot that is so necessary for children who turn the next page in anticipation of new experiences.

Finally

A book, especially in children's hands, is a cheap, perishable commodity. Which of us in childhood did not have "The boat floats and floats", illustrated by Konashevich? Or the famous "Baggage" with Lebedev's drawings? And "Rainbow-Arc" with Vasnetsov's wonderful animals is completely impossible to forget. But who "survived" these books to this day? Probably only very few. But these were soundly made, beautifully designed, executed in a convenient large format children's books. And those who still have them know perfectly well how today's children perceive them. Yes, just like adults did many years ago - with joy and admiration.

Several generations of young readers have already grown up on Vasnetsov's bright, witty and entertaining illustrations, and the artist himself was called a classic of children's book illustrations during his lifetime.

Elena Khomutova

Target: to acquaint children with the work of the artist - illustrator Yu. A. Vasnetsov.

Tasks: to learn to carefully consider illustrations, to highlight the expressive characteristic means of the artist, to expand and intensify dictionary: artist, illustrator, illustration. To develop in children the ability to expressively read familiar nursery rhymes, to cultivate interest in book graphics.

materials: laptop, projector, screen, presentation "Illustrations by Yu. Vasnetsov", gouache paints, brushes for drawing, cotton buds, jars of water, 2 easels, toned silhouettes of flowers, an artist's cap, a swan costume, an A2 sheet with a picture of a swan on the river, illustrations by Yu. Vasnetsova and E. Charushin, classical music by Saint Sane "The Swan", Karel Gott music from the film "Three Nuts for Cinderella".

preliminary work: a conversation about book graphics "Why do we need pictures in books?", looking at illustrations by E. I. Charushin, memorizing nursery rhymes: "Grandfather the Hedgehog", "The cat went to the market", "Kisonka-Murysonka", "Ivanushka", drawing fabulous flowers.

The course of the lesson: the children enter the hall, stand in a semicircle.

Q. Guys, what is your mood today? (Answers children: good, joyful, cheerful.)

C. Let's stand in a circle, join hands and pass on our good mood to each other.

All the children gathered in a circle.

I am your friend and you are my friend.

Hold hands tight

And we smile at each other.

Q. Guys, do you like to guess riddles? (children's answers)

Listen carefully.

Not a bush, but with leaves,

Not a shirt, but sewn

Not a person, but tells. (Book)

Children's answers.

V. Well done, you guessed correctly. We show the book with bright illustrations. Guys, do you like when people read books to you? And each of you have your favorite? Does anyone know what the pictures in the books are called? (Illustrations) Children's answers.

Yes, that's right, pictures in books are called illustrations. Children, why do you think we need illustrations in books? (children's answers) Who draws them? (children's answers)

B. That's right, artists, but this profession is called illustrators. And now we will talk about one of them. Children sit in a semicircle.

Many years ago in our state there lived good wizard. And this wizard was an artist. His name was Yuri Vasnetsov.

You ask: "Why a wizard? Wizards only exist in fairy tales?" True and false, of course he could not perform miracles, but he could draw everything that told in fairy tales. Creation Vasnetsov known to adults and children. Everyone loves to look at books with his illustrations.

His work is filled fabulous power, radiate kindness and joy. You saw Yuri Alekseevich's drawings when you were very young, and your mother read "Bayu-bayushki, bayu." and showed you a picture.

Remember? The child reads the nursery rhyme "Bayu-bayushki, bayu". If you carefully consider the illustrations of Yuri Vasnetsov, you can notice the distinctive features in the drawing of the artist.

Yuri Alekseevich was born (slide 4-5) in the ancient Russian city of Vyatka, now this city is called Kirov (slide 6). This city is famous for such toys (slide 7).

Do you remember them? (Answers children: Dymkovo toy)

When he was little, like you, he loved to go to fun fairs where they sold different goods and these wonderful toys. (Slide 8) Little Yura stood for a long time and admired their patterns. And if you carefully look at the drawings of Yuri Alekseevich and Dymkovo toys, you can see a lot in common.

We offer to compare the horse from the nursery rhyme "Ivanushka" with the Dymkovo horse.

Thousands of different drawings fairy tales, nursery rhymes and jokes gave us good storyteller Yu. A. Vasnetsov. The most famous books designed by him are "Ladushki" and "Rainbow-arc" (slide 10).

In the pages of these books we meet with Vasnetsov's heroes(slide 11).

Q. Look who is walking along the winter street? (Answers children: black, mustachioed cat) And what is he carrying? (Answers children: carries a ruddy bun).

V. I bought it, probably, so that there would be enough for all my friends. Remember the nursery rhyme for this illustration? The child is reading.

The cat went to the market,

I bought a cat pie

The cat went to the street

I bought a bun for a cat.

Do you have yourself

Or demolish Borenka?

I'll bite myself

Yes, I'll take Borenka too.

V. Guys, what a beauty! In winter, it gets dark quickly, so the lantern burns, illuminates the road. The light from the lantern comes fairy. And why fairy? (Children's answers.) Circles - snowflakes around the lantern lead round dances. Illustrations by Yu. Vasnetsov even talk about which is not in the book. (Slide 12). The child is reading.

Grandpa Hedgehog,

Don't go to the beach:

There the snow melted

floods the meadow,

You get your feet wet

Red boots.

Q. Guys, the words in the nursery rhyme sound like a warning so that grandfather Hedgehog does not go to the shore, why? (children's answers). But did he listen? Of course not! He went to the coast. But the artist Vasnetsov came up with like him help out: painted grandfather Hedgehog on a stump, in red boots, and a stick in his paws. What do you think he needs a wand for? (children's answers). It measures the depth of the water with it. What else do we see in the illustration that is not mentioned in the nursery rhyme? (Suggested responses children: in spring the sun warms, it becomes warm, different flowers appear, willows and buds bloom on trees. Birds fly and build nests.

Q. Who is spreading their paws there on the right? Bunnies! They could not stand it and also ran to the bank - they are surprised how much water is around!

Q. How many interesting details came up with Yu. Vasnetsov for fun. He brought us joy with his imagination.

Slide 13

Kisonka - little mouse,

Where were you?

At the mill.

Kisonka - murysonka,

What did she do there?

The flour was ground.

Kitty-murisonka,

What was baked from flour?

Gingerbread.

Kitty-murisonka,

Who did you eat gingerbread with?

Don't eat alone! Don't eat alone!

Game dramatization for nursery rhymes.

slide 14. (Mice dance)

P / and Mice lead a round dance.

V. A long time ago, when there were no books at all and they still didn’t know how to write, in the village they liked to compose for fun something that doesn’t exist in the world. Slide 15. They sang tall tales, danced to them, and children played in them. And so it happened, from century to century to invent fables and play them on holidays. And the artist Y. Vasnetsov drew them. And it turned out fables in the faces.

slide 16 (A bear flies through the skies.)

Slide 17 (I caught a bear.)

Very often in the illustrations of Yu. Vasnetsov we see a fairy forest.

slide 18-20 (Three Bears)

B. Learned fairy tale? (children's answers) Pay attention to what huge tree trunks and a small figure of a girl the artist painted. You look at this forest and it immediately becomes somehow scary! Guys, who do you think you can meet in such a forest (children's answers)

How amazingly the artist Yu. A. Vasnetsov painted flowers, bushes, trees, animals. (Slides 21-29). In each illustration they are depicted differently, but everywhere they are elegant, bright, decoratively decorated with dots and circles.

clothes Vasnetsov their heroes elegantly. Wolves, bears, foxes that good animals interfere with life, the artist tried not to dress up - they did not deserve beautiful clothes.

Didactic game "Find the drawings of Yu. Vasnetsov". (Children are divided into two teams, look at illustrations Vasnetsov and Charushin and choose drawings Vasnetsov). The guys explain why they chose this illustration and decorate the exhibition.

Knock on the door. The young artist enters (child).

Artist. Hello, I wanted to give you a painting, but I ran out of paint. Unfolds a sheet of A2 format and, together with the teacher, attaches it to the easel. (On the sheet there is an image of a swan on the river). My swan is sad to swim along such shores.

B. Don't be upset, our children will help you. Guys, you want to try to become artists yourself. I propose to draw magic flowers. But for this we first need to warm up the fingers.

Finger gymnastics.

On a visit to the thumb

Came straight to the house

Index and middle

Nameless and last

Little finger itself

Knocked on the threshold.

Together fingers friends -

They cannot live without each other.

Our fingers are masters

It's time for them to work.

Children go to the tables and decorate the silhouettes of toned flowers. The music of K. Gott from the movie "Three Nuts for Cinderella" sounds.

At the end, everyone looks at the flowers, finds something interesting in each work.

V. Well done, you coped with the task!

Children glue flowers.

Artist. Now the swan is happy, and she wants to play with you.

Educator. One, two, three - turn into flowers. (Children sit opposite each other along an impromptu river, depicting flowers, grass.

The classical music of Saint-Sanet "Swan" sounds, a swan appears (child dressed as a swan).

Children read, a child in a swan costume performs the appropriate movements.

Along the river (waves with hands) swan (to walk, gently bending the handles) floats (wave "wings").

Higher (pull hands, spread fingers) berezhka (handles one on top of the other in front of the chest) bears a little head (hands to cheeks, head tilt to one side and the other).

Waving a white wing, (waving "wings")

On flowers (put the hands together with the wrists, spread the fingers apart) shakes off some water (shake hands twice).

Summary of the lesson: Guys, with the work of which illustrator did you meet? (children's answers). Why Yuri Vasnetsov can be called a good wizard? Did you like his illustrations?

What painting elements did you use when decorating magical flowers?

Bibliography

1. Kapitsa O., Karnaukhova I., Kolpakova N., Prokofiev A., Chukovsky K. Oh, winter-winter. - M., Labyrinth Press, 2014.

2. Kudryashova A. Fables in faces. - M., JSC. Moscow textbooks and cartography, 2009.

3. Kurochkina N. A. Children about book graphics. - St. Petersburg, Accident, 1997

4. Kurochkina N. A. Introducing book graphics. - St. Petersburg, Detstvo-Press, 2001

Vasnetsov Yuri Alekseevich (1900-1973)- graphic artist, painter, People's Artist of the RSFSR (1966). Studied at the Academy of Arts (1921-26) under A.E. Kareva, K.S. Petrova-Vodkina, N.A. Tyrsy.

Vasnetsov's work is inspired by the poetics of Russian folklore. The most famous were illustrations for Russian fairy tales, songs, riddles ("Three Bears" by L. N. Tolstoy, 1930; collection "The Miracle Ring", 1947; "Fables in the Faces", 1948; "Ladushki", 1964; arc", 1969, State Project of the USSR, 1971). He created separate color lithographs ("Teremok", 1943; "Zaikin's hut", 1948).

After the death of Vasnetsov, his exquisite pictorial stylizations in the spirit of the primitive became known ("Lady with a Mouse", "Still Life with a Hat and a Bottle", 1932-1934)

Word to the artist Vasnetsov Yu.A.

“I am so grateful to Vyatka - my homeland, childhood - I saw beauty!” (Vasnetsov Yu.A.)
“I remember spring in Vyatka. Streams flow, as stormy as waterfalls, and we, guys, let the boats go ... In the spring, a fun fair opened - Whistleblower. At the fair, elegant, fun. And what is there! Clay dishes, pots, krinki, jugs. Homespun tablecloths with all sorts of patterns ... I was very fond of Vyatka toys made of clay, wood, plaster horses, cockerels - everything is interesting in color. Carousels at the fair are all in beads, all in sparkles - geese, horses, carriages, and the accordion is sure to play ”(Yu.A. Vasnetsov)
“Draw, write what you like. Look around more ... You can’t say everything terribly, draw it. When a lot of something is done, drawn, then naturalism arises. Let's say a flower. Take it, but recycle it - let it be a flower, but different. Chamomile is not a chamomile. I like forget-me-nots for their blueness, a yellow spot in the middle. Lilies of the valley ... When I smell them, it seems to me that I am a king ... ”(Vasnetsov Yu.V. From advice to young artists)
(Vasnetsov Yu.A.)
“In my drawings, I try to show a corner of the beautiful world of my native Russian fairy tale, which brings up in children a deep love for the people, for our Motherland and its generous nature” (Yu.A. Vasnetsov)
When asked what was the most expensive gift he received, the artist replied: “Life. Life given to me"

Yuri Vasnetsov was born on April 4, 1900 in the ancient city of Vyatka, in the family of a priest. Both his grandfather and his father's brothers belonged to the clergy. Yu.A. Vasnetsov was distantly related to and. The large family of Father Alexy Vasnetsov lived in a two-story house at the cathedral, where the priest served. Yura was very fond of this temple - the cast-iron tiles of its floor, rough so that the foot would not slip, a huge bell, an oak staircase that led to the top of the bell tower ...

The artist absorbed his love for the flowery folk culture in his native old Vyatka: “I still live by what I saw and remembered in childhood.”

The entire Vyatka province was famous for handicrafts: furniture, chest, lace, toys. Yes, and mother Maria Nikolaevna herself was a noble lace embroiderer, well-known in the city. In the memory of little Yura, towels embroidered with roosters, and painted boxes, multi-colored clay and wooden horses, lambs in bright pants, lady dolls - "painted from the heart, from the soul" will remain in the memory of little Yura for the rest of his life.

As a boy, he himself painted the walls of his room, shutters and stoves in the houses of his neighbors with bright patterns, flowers, horses and fantastic animals and birds. He knew and loved Russian folk art, and this later helped him to draw his amazing illustrations for fairy tales. And the costumes that were worn in his native northern regions, and the festive attire of horses, and the wooden carvings on the windows and porches of the huts, and the painted spinning wheels and embroideries - everything that he saw from an early age was useful to him for fabulous drawings. As a child, he liked all kinds of manual labor. He sewed boots and bound books, loved to skate and fly a kite. Vasnetsov's favorite word was "interesting."

After the revolution, all the families of priests, including the Vasnetsov family (mother, father and six children), were literally evicted to the streets. “... Father no longer served in the cathedral, which was closed ... and he didn’t serve anywhere at all ... He would have to cheat, lay down his dignity, but then a meek firmness of spirit was revealed: he continued to walk in a cassock , with a pectoral cross and with long hair, ”Yuri Alekseevich recalled. The Vasnetsovs wandered around strange corners, and soon bought a small house. Then I had to sell it, they lived in a former bathhouse ...

Yuri went to seek his fortune in Petrograd in 1921. He dreamed of becoming an artist. Miraculously, he entered the painting department of the State Art Museum (later Vkhutemas); successfully completed his studies in 1926.

His teachers were the noisy metropolitan Petrograd itself with its European palaces and the Hermitage full of world treasures. They were followed by a long line of many and varied teachers who opened the world of painting to the young provincial. Among them were the academically well-trained Osip Braz, Alexander Savinov, the leaders of the Russian avant-garde - the “flower painter” Mikhail Matyushin, the suprematist Kazimir Malevich. And in the "formalist" works of the 1920s, the individual characteristics of Vasnetsov's pictorial language testified to the extraordinary talent of the novice artist.

In search of a job, the young artist began to collaborate with the department of children's and youth literature of the State Publishing House, where, under the artistic direction of V.V. Lebedev happily found himself in the interpretation of the themes and images of Russian folklore - fairy tales, in which his natural craving for humor, grotesque and good irony was best satisfied.

In the 1930s he was famous for illustrations for the books "Swamp", "Humpbacked Horse", "Fifty Pigs" by K.I. Chukovsky, "Three Bears" L.I. Tolstoy. At the same time, he made excellent - smart and exciting - lithographic prints for children, based on the same plot motifs.

The artist made amazing illustrations for Leo Tolstoy's fairy tale "Three Bears". A big, scary, like an enchanted forest, and a bear's hut are too big for a little lost girl. And the shadows in the house are also dark, creepy. But then the girl ran away from the bears, and the forest immediately brightened in the picture. So the artist conveyed the major mood with paints. It is interesting to watch how Vasnetsov dresses his heroes. Elegant and festive - the nurse mother-Goat, mother-Cat. He will definitely give them colored skirts in frills and lace. And he will regret the offended Fox Bunny, put on a warm jacket. Wolves, bears, foxes, which prevent good animals from living, the artist tried not to dress up: they did not deserve beautiful clothes.

So, continuing the search for his path, the artist entered the world of children's books. Purely formal searches gradually gave way to folk culture. The artist increasingly looked back at his "Vyatka" world.

A trip to the North in 1931 finally convinced him of the correctness of the chosen path. He turned to folk sources, already experienced in the intricacies of the modern pictorial language, which gave rise to the phenomenon that we can now call the phenomenon of painting by Yuri Vasnetsov. The still life with a large fish fully testifies to the new bright trends in the works of Vasnetsov.

On a small red tray, crossing it diagonally, lies a large fish sparkling with silver scales. The peculiar composition of the picture is akin to a heraldic sign and at the same time a folk rug on the wall of a peasant hut. With a dense viscous colorful mass, the artist achieves an amazing credibility and authenticity of the image. The external oppositions of the planes of red, ocher, black and silver-gray are tonally balanced and give the work a feeling of monumental painting.

So, book illustrations were only one side of his work. The main goal of Vasnetsov's life has always been painting, and he went to this goal with fanatical persistence: he worked independently, studied under the guidance of K.S. Malevich in Ginkhuk, studied in graduate school at the All-Russian Academy of Arts.

In 1932-34 he finally created several works ("Lady with a Mouse", "Still Life with a Hat and a Bottle", etc.), in which he proved himself to be a very great master who successfully combined the refined pictorial culture of his time with the tradition of folk "bazaar" art, which he appreciated and loved. But this later self-confidence coincided with the campaign against formalism that had begun at that time. Fearing ideological persecution (which had already touched his book graphics), Vasnetsov made painting a secret occupation and showed it only to close people. In his landscapes and still lifes, emphatically unpretentious in their motives and extremely sophisticated in terms of pictorial form, he achieved impressive results, reviving the traditions of Russian primitivism in a peculiar way. But these works were practically unknown to anyone.

Vasnetsov's bright, entertaining and witty drawings have found perhaps the most organic embodiment of Russian folklore, more than one generation of young readers have grown up on them, and he himself was recognized as a classic in the field of children's books during his lifetime. In a Russian folk tale, everything is unexpected, unknown, unbelievable. If it's scary, then it's trembling, if joy is a feast for the whole world. So the artist makes his drawings for the book "Rainbow-Arc" bright, festive - now the page is blue with a bright rooster, then red, and on it is a brown bear with a birch staff.

The difficult life of the artist left an indelible mark on his relationship with people. Usually gullible and gentle in character, already being married, he became unsociable. He did not exhibit anywhere as an artist, he did not perform anywhere, referring to the upbringing of two daughters, one of whom, the eldest, Elizaveta Yuryevna, would later become a famous artist.

Leaving home, relatives, even for a short time, was a tragedy for him. Any parting with the family was unbearable, and the day when they had to set off was a ruined day.

Before leaving the house, Yuri Alekseevich even let out a tear from chagrin and anguish, but he did not forget to put some gift or a cute trinket under the pillow for everyone. Even friends waved their hand at this homebody - a man for great art is gone!

Fairy tales remained a favorite reading of Yuri Alekseevich until old age. And my favorite pastimes are painting still lifes, landscapes with oil paints, illustrating fairy tales, and in the summer fishing on the river, always with a bait.

Only a few years after the death of the artist, his paintings were shown to the audience at an exhibition in the State Russian Museum (1979), and it became clear that Vasnetsov was not only an excellent book graphic artist, but also one of the outstanding Russian painters of the 20th century.

Vasnetsov Yury Alekseevich

It is unlikely that anything else can expose the qualities of a true artist as much as work for a children's audience. For such illustrations, all the most real is required - both knowledge of child psychology, and talent, and mental attitude. The work for kids does not tolerate any fakes. And if the drawing is not made with a cold soul and heart, if the illustrator has not turned his calling into a craft, then such a creation will certainly become an event.

Vasnetsov Yuri Alekseevich was just such a master of his craft.

The amazing world of the artist

The books illustrated by Yu. A. Vasnetsov are recognizable at first sight; millions of Soviet children grew up on them. The images in these books are of paramount importance, they inevitably attract the attention of a small reader.

The inexhaustible imagination with which Yuri Vasnetsov designed books allows you to plunge headlong into the world of childhood, forget about some worries and disorder of the adult world. The images created by the artist sparkle with optimism and are full of life-affirming power. Animals and birds, the main acting characters of fairy tales, acquire amazing expressiveness, Yuri Vasnetsov gave them a manner of behavior, movements and habits that he subtly noticed in reality.

Why Vasnetsov's illustrations are loved by children

He always found his way to the hearts of his young readers and contemplators, who had just begun to learn about the world through endless sketches, continuous study of nature. The fairy tale characters that Yuri gave life at first glance are fake, popular prints. But he draws exactly as the eyes of a small viewer see them. He does not go into a string of realistic details and details, the main goal of the artist is to make the young reader feel the fabulous nature of the characters.

Vasnetsov never dealt with issues of developmental psychology, he was not a teacher either, but he managed to accurately feel his smallest reader and admirer - one who still cannot read.

Vasnetsov Yuri Alekseevich. Biography

The future artist was born on March 22, 1900 in the northern city of Vyatka. Vasnetsov's father, grandfather and uncle were clergymen. Yuri was brought up in severity. The wealth in the family was modest, but they did not live in poverty. In 1917, after the revolution, the Vasnetsov family was evicted from the cathedral house and experienced considerable need. Yuri's father did not want to lay down his dignity, continuing to walk in a cassock.

While still a child, Yuri independently painted the walls of rooms, stoves and shutters in neighboring houses with bright drawings, where Russian ornaments, horses, unknown birds and magical flowers found their place. Art, which is so rich in his people, he already appreciated and loved.

In 1919 Vasnetsov Yuri Alekseevich graduated from the Unified School of the Second Stage, and in 1921 he left his home in Vyatka and moved to Petrograd. In the same year he became a student of the painting faculty of the Higher Artistic Technical Institute. It was here that he got acquainted with the "organic" trend in painting, which later became the closest to his work.

After graduating from the institute, Vasnetsov Yuri Alekseevich works as a teacher at the art school of Leningrad. In 1926, the artist again goes to study. This time to the State Institute of Artistic Culture. The creative director of the artist was Kazimir Malevich. The paintings of Yuri Vasnetsov, which received life during this period, are “Cubist Composition”, “Still Life. In the workshop of Malevich", "Still life with a chessboard" - they carry an excellent knowledge of the form and role of contrast.

road to children's book

Yuri Vasnetsov (illustrator) began his career, thanks to which he gained millions of admirers of his talent in 1928. It was then that he, who at that time worked as the art editor of the Detgiz publishing house, attracted a young illustrator to cooperate. The first books were "Swamp" and "Karabash" by V. V. Bianchi. It was in these illustrations that Vasnetsov's humor, grotesque and kind irony were realized, which would be characteristic of all his subsequent work.

Forever included in the classics of children's art and later illustrations by Vasnetsov. In 1934 "Confusion" by K. Chukovsky was released, in 1935 - "Three Bears" by L. Tolstoy, in 1941 - "Teremok" by S. Marshak. Even later there will be "The Stolen Sun", "Cat's House", "Fifty Pigs", "Humpbacked Horse". Books were published in millions of copies and did not linger on store shelves thanks to the writing skills of their authors and the inexhaustible imagination of the illustrator. The artist created his own unique and unique artistic style, which we recognize even today, even briefly glancing at the illustration.

In the mid-thirties, Vasnetsov created several paintings ("Still Life with a Hat and a Bottle", "Lady with a Mouse"), in which he finally manifests himself as a large-scale artist, brilliantly combining the refined artistic culture of his time with the traditions of Russian folk art, which he loved so much . But the birth of these paintings coincided with the moment of the beginning of the struggle against formalism, in which the artist was accused.

War and post-war years

Before the war, Vasnetsov worked for the Bolshoi Drama Theater, designing costumes and scenery. During the war years, Yuri Vasnetsov issued a series of greeting cards. His work during this period is greatly influenced by the ideology of those times. At the very beginning of the war, the artist becomes a member of the "Combat Pencil" - a team of artists and poets who, with their work, helped defeat the enemy. In 1941, the Vasnetsov family was evacuated to the rear in the city of Perm, and in 1943 - to the city of Zagorsk. The Toy Research Institute became his place of work. Yuri Vasnetsov works there as the chief artist. He returned to Leningrad only at the end of 1945.

The post-war years the artist devotes to landscapes. The most widely known are the landscapes of Sosnovo, Estonian and Crimean, sketches of the Mill Creek.

Personal life

Illustrator Yuri Vasnetsov did not advertise his personal life, and therefore not much is known about her.

In the artist's life there was only one beloved woman. Yuri Vasnetsov married the artist Pinaeva at the age of thirty-four. In 1934, he brought his wife to his native Vyatka, and Father Vasnetsov married them in the church of John the Baptist. Galina Mikhailovna gave Vasnetsov two beautiful daughters. Elizabeth was born in 1937, and Natalya in 1939. Late children became a real outlet for Yuri Alekseevich. He perceived any separation from them as a tragedy and was always in a hurry to return home to be close to his girls.

Yuri Alekseevich was fond of breeding pigeons and was an avid fisherman.

The artist's daughters grew up in an atmosphere of love and beauty; Elizabeth often stared at her father's work. Later, she followed in his footsteps and also found herself in the visual arts. Since 1973 she has been a member of the Union of Artists of the USSR.

famous kinship

The name Vasnetsov is well known to any resident of the country thanks not only to Yuri. His distant relatives were the famous Russian artists brothers Victor and also the Russian folklorist Alexander Vasnetsov. However, Yuri Alekseevich never boasted of famous relatives.

Awards and prizes

After the war, the artist received the title of Honored Artist of the RSFSR. In 1966, Yuri Vasnetsov received the title of People's Artist of the RSFSR.

In the early seventies, the artist illustrated two collections of Russian folk tales. They are called "Rainbow-arc" and "Ladushki". In the same year, according to his illustrations, the animated film "Terem-Teremok" was shot, which can be safely attributed to the masterpieces of Soviet animation. For these works the artist was awarded the State Prize of the Soviet Union.

Little-known Vasnetsov

The artist devoted his entire life to painting. However, his paintings of the sixties and seventies did not bring him popularity during his lifetime. The most famous works of that period - "Blossoming Meadow", "Still Life with Willow" - saw the light only after the death of the artist. The fact is that because of the accusations of formalism, Yuri Vasnetsov preferred not to exhibit these works of his anywhere. He actually made art his secret passion, and could show these creations to the most trusted and dear people. After his paintings were presented to a wide audience at an exhibition in 1979, it became clear that the artist went far beyond the book illustrator. He is an outstanding Russian painter of the 20th century.

The artist died on May 3, 1973 in Leningrad. Yuri Vasnetsov was buried in St. Petersburg, which, over the long years of his life, became the artist's hometown.

MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND YOUTH AFFAIRS OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

PETROZAVODSK PEDAGOGICAL COLLEGE

Preschool department

Essay

Yuri Alekseevich Vasnetsov

Completed:

Irina Vladimirovna Bogomolova

Alena Nikolaevna Gurkova

Anna Valerievna Skrynnik

Natalya Vladimirovna Popova

students 431 groups

Checked:

Dranevich L.V.

PPC teacher

Petrozavodsk 2005

CHAPTER 1 Biography of Yu.A. Vasnetsov………………………………………..3-5

CHAPTER 2 Features of the image of Vasnetsov's illustrations……………6-7

CONCLUSION.………………………………………………………...................................8

APPENDIX…………………………………………………………………9-12

LIST OF USED LITERATURE……………………………13

CHAPTER 1 Biography of Yu.A. Vasnetsov

Yu.A. Vasnetsov was born (1900 - 1973) in Vyatka, in the family of a Vyatka priest, he was distantly related to Viktor and Apollinary Vasnetsov. Mother knitted, embroidered, wove lace. The combination of cream, marsh greens, pale blue in lace could serve as a lesson to the young painter. Paternal influence is different: character is perseverance, in any business go to the end, be faithful, true to the word. Sisters - from them kindness, sacrifice, love. All roads for Yurochka. But he also gave, loved passionately. Kolya Kostrov, Zhenya Charushin are lifelong artist friends in Vyatka and Leningrad. With Arkady Rylov, an academician (student of Kuindzhi), Yuri wrote sketches as a boy, and then studied in his workshop at the Academy.

Obsessed with the desire to become an artist, he arrived in Petrograd in 1921 and entered the painting department of the State Art Museum (later VKHUTEMAS), studied with A.E. Kareeva, M.V. Matyushkina, K.S. Malevich and N.A. Tyrsy; successfully completed his studies in 1926. Matyushin's most interesting thing is color. You write a Christmas tree in the sunset sky, so you need to find a beautiful third color and lay it between the object and the environment so that all three colors play. And although materiality, objectivity, play with form, with the texture of the picturesque, Yuri studied in graduate school with Malevich, he never forgot Matyushinsky color-cohesion. In the best children's illustrations and in painting, of course, he used the principles of the Matyushin school.

In search of a job, the young artist began to collaborate with the department of children's and youth literature of the State Publishing House, where, under the artistic direction of V.V. Lebedev, he happily found himself in the interpretation of the themes and images of Russian folklore - fairy tales and mainly nursery rhymes, in which his natural craving was best satisfied to humor, grotesque and kind irony.

In the 1930s he was famous for illustrations for the books “Swamp”, “Humpbacked Horse” (see appendix) by P. P. Ershov, “Fifty Little Pigs”, “The Stolen Sun” by K. I. Chukovsky, “Three Bears” by L. I. Tolstoy. At the same time, he made excellent - smart and exciting - lithographic prints for children, based on the same plot motifs.

During the war years, spent first in Molotov (Perm), then in Zagorsk (Sergiev Posad), where he was the chief artist of the Toy Institute, Vasnetsov performed poetic illustrations for "English Folk Songs" by S. Ya. Marshak (1943), and then to his own book "Cat's House" (1947). A new success brought him illustrations for the folklore collections "The Miraculous Ring" (1947) and "Fables in the Faces" (1948). Vasnetsov worked extraordinarily intensively, many times varying the themes and images dear to him. The well-known collections "Ladushki" (1964) and "Rainbow-Arc" 1969 (see Appendix) became a kind of result of his many years of activity. Vasnetsov's bright, entertaining and witty drawings have found perhaps the most organic embodiment of Russian folklore, more than one generation of young readers have grown up on them, and he himself was recognized as a classic in the field of children's books during his lifetime.

Meanwhile, book graphics was only one side of his work. The main goal of Vasnetsov's life was always painting, and he went to this goal with fanatical persistence: he worked independently, studied under the guidance of K. S. Malevich in Ginkhuk, and studied postgraduate studies at the All-Russian Academy of Arts.

In 1932-34. he finally created several works ("Lady with a Mouse", "Still Life with a Chess Board" (see appendix), etc.), in which he proved himself to be a very great master who successfully combined the refined pictorial culture of his time with the tradition of folk "bazaar" art, which he appreciated and loved. But this later self-confidence coincided with the campaign against formalism that had begun at that time. Fearing ideological persecution (which had already touched his book graphics), Vasnetsov made painting a secret occupation and showed it only to close people.

CHAPTER 2 Features of the image of Vasnetsov's illustrations

Yuri Alekseevich Vasnetsov created a bright, unique miter of fairy-tale images, close and understandable to every child.

The thoughtful forest region where the artist was born and grew up, childhood impressions of the Whistlers toy fair with elegant Dymkovo lady dolls, painted bright roosters, and horses had a noticeable influence on his work. Many characters in Yu.A. Vasnetsov are similar to the images born of folk fantasy. For example, the horses in the illustrations for the nursery rhymes "Ivanushka" and "Horse" are very similar to the Dymkovo horse.

The closer you get acquainted with the works of Vasnetsov, the more you admire the richness of his creative imagination: the artist painted so many animals and they are all very different. Everyone has their own character, their own manner of behavior, their own style of dress. In the illustration for the nursery rhyme "Mice", Yuri Alekseevich depicted a round dance of nineteen mice: the mouse girls have bright skirts decorated with stripes, and the boys have multi-colored shirts with buttons.

A lot of fun inventions, games were introduced by the artist in the illustrations for the nursery rhyme "Kisonka". The Fairy Windmill is very decorative. It is decorated with arcs, dots, wavy and broken lines. The wings of the windmill are woven from old light shingles. A cute little mouse lives in the mill. He climbed onto the windowsill and looks out the window with interest. Amazing magical flowers grow around the mill, which are so beautifully lit by the sun. Kisonka put the gingerbread cookies into a large wicker basket. Gingerbread cookies are white, with beautiful patterns and very appetizing! Despite the fact that the nursery rhyme says nothing about whom Kisonka met along the way, the artist himself invented and depicted this meeting.

Yu.A. Vasnetsov color. Often, it exudes joy from him. And in the illustrations for the nursery rhymes “Hop-Hop” and “Horse”, the bright yellow background not only conveys a picture of a warm sunny day, but also enhances the perception of the images created by the artist. On a yellow background, dark brown figures of baby squirrels are clearly visible, importantly walking along the bridge. Thanks to the light background, we see their fluffy fur, admire the tassels on their ears.

Although the drawings by Yu.A. Vasnetsov's birds and animals look like toys, but at the same time they are very original and expressive. Fairy-tale images, born of the artist's imagination, are close and understandable to children, because he has found an art form that most closely matches the characteristics of children's perception.

A born artist appears to the world with his own language and theme. When Yuri Vasnetsov was asked what his favorite colors were, he answered unexpectedly: “I love black paint, it helps contrast. Ocher is like gold. I like the English red for the materiality of the color.” That's right, these are paints, in ancient Russian icons denoting divine energy. The concept of the strength and materiality of the energy flow entered the subconscious of the artist in the temple while contemplating the icons: his father served in the Cathedral of Vyatka. Yuri Vasnetsov did not like to theorize, but, taking painting seriously, thoughtfully, he intuitively and experimentally went to the concept of "color tone" (tone - tension), achieving lighting effects not plein air or impressionistic, but making the very flesh of painting, texture, material glow. - colored pencil, watercolor, gouache, oil. Its color spot is consistent with the strength of light with its neighbors and the color is born deaf, velvety, restrained, open, bright, contrasting, different, but always harmonious.

CONCLUSION.

Yu.A. Vasnetsov is a wonderful artist - a storyteller. Kindness, calmness, humor are characteristic of his work. His drawings are always a feast for the little ones and the big ones. This is a master closely and organically connected with the traditions of Russian folk art and at the same time enriched with the experience of modern fine arts. The originality of Vasnetsov is that the themes of his paintings and drawings are deeply rooted in national folklore.

In his drawings for children Yu.A. Vasnetsov skillfully combined fairy tale and reality. And no matter what happens in these illustrations, it is always something good and bright, which neither children nor adults want to part with. In Vasnetsov's illustrations, as in the soul of a child, there lives an ingenuous perception of the world, brightness and spontaneity, so for children they are as if taken for granted, their own, familiar. For an adult, these drawings are a long-forgotten happiness to plunge into a joyful, naive, benevolent world, where the round-eyed hare dances so selflessly, the lights in the huts burn so comfortably, the magpie hosts homely, where the mice are not afraid of the cat, and the cat is not going to eat them, where such a round and elegant sun, such a blue sky, clouds that look like fluffy pancakes.

In his landscapes and still lifes, emphatically unpretentious in their motives and extremely sophisticated in terms of pictorial form, he achieved impressive results, reviving the traditions of Russian primitivism in a peculiar way. But these works were practically unknown to anyone. Only a few years after the death of the artist, his paintings were shown to the audience at an exhibition in the State Russian Museum (1979), and it became clear that Vasnetsov was not only an excellent book graphic artist, but also one of the outstanding Russian painters of the 20th century. Everything in the illustrations and paintings by Vasnetsov is chosen and taken from life. Life is a fairy tale. When Vasnetsov was asked about the most expensive gift he had received, he answered: "Life, life given to me." Yuri Alekseevich Vasnetsov died in 1973 in Leningrad.

APPLICATION:

Illustration for the fairy tale by P. P. Ershov "The Little Humpbacked Horse". 1935