Creativity of writers-veterans of the Great Patriotic War. Quizzes Belarusian writers and their works about the war

The world of modern Belarusian literature remains a mystery for many of our fellow citizens - it seems to exist, but at the same time you can’t say that it’s in plain sight. Meanwhile, the literary process is seething, our authors, who work in various genres, are willingly published abroad, and we simply do not associate some of the Belarusian writers popular there with the local context.

The mobile film festival velcom Smartfilm, dedicated this year to book trailers (videos about books), on the eve of the country's first Night of Libraries, which will be held on January 22 in the Pushkin Library and the Scientific Library of BNTU, tries to figure out who is who among successful Belarusian writers.

Svetlana Aleksievich

Needs no introduction. The first Belarusian to receive the Nobel Prize in Literature. In many bookstores, Aleksievich's books were sold out within a couple of hours after the announcement of the name of the new laureate.

“War has no female face”, “Zinc Boys”, “Second Hand Time” are living documents of the Soviet and post-Soviet era. The wording with which the Nobel Committee presented the prize to Svetlana Alexandrovna was: "for many-voiced creativity - a monument to suffering and courage in our time."

Aleksievich's books have been translated into 20 languages ​​of the world, and the circulation of "Chernobyl Prayer" has overcome the bar of 4 million copies. In 2014, Second Hand Time was also published in Belarusian. The name Aleksievich has always evoked an ambiguous reaction from the Belarusian media: they say that he refers himself to Russian culture and writes in Russian. However, after the banquet speech at the Nobel ceremony, which Aleksievich finished in Belarusian, the claims subsided.

What does he write about? Chernobyl, the Afghan war, the phenomenon of the Soviet and post-Soviet "red man".

Natalia Batrakova

Ask any librarian whose books from Belarusian authors are put in the queue? Natalya Batrakova, the author of women's prose, they say, she herself did not expect that she, a girl with a diploma from the Institute of Railway Engineers, would suddenly become almost the most sought-after Belarusian writer, and her "Infinity Moment" - the best-selling book in Belarus in 2012.

Batrakova's novels do not come out very often, but then they endure several reprints. Fans of high prose have a lot of questions for the author, but that's why they are aesthetes. For the most part, the reader votes for Batrakova with a ruble, and her books continue to be reprinted.

What does he write about? About love: both prose and poetry. Loyal fans are still waiting for the continuation of the love story of a doctor and a journalist from the book "Moment of Infinity".

Algerd Bakharevich

One of the most popular writers in the country, last year he was included in the anthology of the best European short fiction Best European Fiction. But we love him not only for this. The author of 9 books of fiction, collections of essays (including the scandalous analysis of the Belarusian classical literature "Hamburg Rahunak"), translator, he exists simultaneously in the Belarusian realities and in the European literary tradition. Moreover, adjectives can be easily interchanged here. One of the best Belarusian stylists.

The novel "Shabany" has already received a theatrical incarnation twice (at the Belarusian Drama Theater and in "Kupalovsky"), and an essay about the late work of Yanka Kupala caused such a sharp reaction from readers and fellow writers that it's hard to remember when classical Belarusian literature was so heatedly discussed in last time.

The new novel "White Fly, Killer of Men" is one of the main book premieres of early 2016. By the way, Bakharevich played in the first professional domestic booktrailer - the work of Dmitry Vainovsky "Smalenne Vepruk" based on the work of Mikhas Streltsov.

What does he write about? About girls "without a king in their heads", the life of sleeping areas and "damned" guests of the capital.

Adam Globus

A master of short prose, a living classic of Belarusian literature. He works non-stop on new books of short stories, sketches, provocative notes and very specific urban tales. Take the cycle "Suchasnіki" and you will learn a lot of interesting things about our contemporaries, however, not always personal.

It is from the Globe that Belarusian erotic prose begins. The collection “Only not Gavars to My Mom” still surprises unprepared readers who represent domestic literature exclusively according to the school curriculum.

We add that Globus is an artist, illustrator and an outstanding poet. You have definitely heard songs based on his poems: “New Heaven”, “Bond”, “Syabry” are classics of Belarusian music of the late 20th century.

What does he write about? About the legends of Minsk and Vilnius (invented by the author), colleagues in literature and art, about sex.

Andrey Zhvalevsky

Who has not seen the sale of books from the series "Porry Gutter and ..."? It was this series, which at first was conceived as a parody of the books by JK Rowling, but then acquired its own storyline and its own face, that made the Belarusian writer Andrei Zhvalevsky popular. He has since firmly established himself as a popular science fiction writer and author of teen books. Sometimes Zhvalevsky is joined by fellow writers Igor Mytko and Yevgenia Pasternak (by the way, in the literary field, the figure is also very noticeable).

The list of awards received by Zhvalevsky would take a separate page. With recognition in neighboring countries, Andrey is also doing well: from third place at the all-Russian Kniguru award and the Alice award (for the book Time is Always Good) to the title of Brand Person of the Year in the Culture nomination at the competition Brand of the Year 2012. And given that in his past Zhvalevsky is also a KVNschik (in the good sense of the word), with a sense of humor in his fictional stories, everything is 9 plus.

What does he write about? Fantastic stories from the life of characters creepy, but very funny.

Artur Klinov

Conceptual artist, editor-in-chief of the pARTizan magazine, screenwriter, photographer Artur Klinov "shot" with his first book - "A small book on Goradze Sun", which was published first in Germany, and then in Belarus. The history of Minsk, which is also the history of a specific person, made a strong impression on German and Belarusian readers.

Klinov's next book, Shalom, was published first in Belarusian, and then in a Russian version (edited and abridged) by the cult Moscow publishing house Ad Marginem. Klinov's next novel "Shklatara" made a splash even before its release - a reader who is familiar with Belarusian literature and the artistic environment will immediately recognize most of the characters, including philosopher Valentin Akudovich, director Andrei Kudinenko and many other characters in the world of Belarusian politics and art.

What does he write about? About Minsk as a utopia, about how a person can become an art object and what happens when a glass container collection point becomes a cultural platform.

Tamara Lissitskaya

TV presenter, director, screenwriter - you can list all the incarnations for a very long time. At the same time, Lisitskaya's books, which have been published for almost ten years now, are popular among a wide variety of readers. Based on the book "Quiet Center" in 2010, a television series was shot.

Disputes about the literary component of Tamara's books have also been going on for many years, but this does not make readers less - in the end, many people recognize themselves in Lisitskaya's characters: here's the life of three friends born in the 70s (the novel "Idiots" ), here is the story of the residents of a small apartment building in the center, and here is a novel-aid for pregnant women.

What does he write about? About how you can not be bored in Minsk, about the coexistence under one roof of people with different views and occupations.

Victor Martinovich

Journalist, teacher, writer. It occupies a niche in Belarusian literature that is somewhat similar to the one that Viktor Pelevin occupied in Russian. Each new novel by Martinovich becomes an event. It is noteworthy that almost at each of the presentations, Victor swears to slow down and finally take a break. But you can’t drink hard work - Martinovich, to the delight of his admirers, gives out one book a year, which is a rarity among Belarusian writers.

There are still disputes about Martinovich's first novel "Paranoia", was it banned in Belarus or not? The novel "Sphagnum", published in two languages ​​at once (the Russian-language original and the Belarusian translation), even before it appeared in print, was on the long list of the Russian National Bestseller Award, it was compared with the classic film "Maps, Money, Two Smoking Barrels". The next novel, Mova, recently went through its third reprint. In the spring, a Russian publishing house publishes a new book by Martinovich, The Lake of Joy, but for now, his play The Best Place in the World is being staged in Vienna. Victor's books have been translated into English (published in the USA) and other languages.

What does he write about? Gopniks are looking for treasures, the Belarusian language is sold as a drug, and the lyrical hero, no, no, and even commit suicide. Sometimes even triple.

Ludmila Rublevskaya

A large form - and we are talking about a whole adventure saga - is now rarely seen. And this applies not only to Belarusian literature. Rublevskaya, however, only in recent years has published several books for every taste: here you have mystical prose, gothic, and Belarusian history. The saga about the adventures of Prancis Vyrvich in three parts and the diverse collection Nights on the Plyabanska Mlyny - these and other books by Rublevskaya are literally asking for screens - the talented director has enough material for several box-office films.

What does he write about? Urban legends and secrets of old houses, iron turtles and runaway schoolboys-adventurers.

Andrey Khadanovich

It would seem that "poetry" and "popularity" are little compatible things since the 70s, but in reality this is not so. Against the background of how the general interest in poetry is growing (look at what venues visiting poets perform - Prime Hall, etc.), the name of Khadanovich, poet, translator, head of the Belarusian PEN Center, is mentioned in the media more and more often.

His children's book "Natatki tatki" in terms of sales in independent bookstores can only be compared with the books of Svetlana Aleksievich. A new collection of poems and translations (including songs by people like Leonard Cohen and Sting) Chyagnik Chykaga-Tokiyo, the first in five years, came out at the end of 2015.

Andrei Khadanovich, of course, is not the only one from the cohort of modern classics of Belarusian poetry, but obviously the most successful.

What does he write about? Poetic game with the reader at the intersection of genres. Dig deeper and you will understand everything yourself.

On January 22, the educational program of the festival velcom Smartfilm Studio ends with the Night of Libraries event: at two venues (Pushkin Library and Scientific Library of BNTU), famous Belarusians will read excerpts from their favorite books of Belarusian authors and foreign literature translated into Belarusian.

We remind you that the velcom Smartfilm mobile film festival is being held for the fifth time. The theme of the work of novice filmmakers is book trailers. Under the terms of the competition, you need to shoot videos about books on a smartphone camera. This year, the Grand Prix winner of the velcom Smartfilm contest will receive 30 million rubles. The deadline for accepting works is January 31 inclusive.

21.04.2013

The Central City Library offers a brief virtual overview of the best works of Belarusian writers.

Belarusian literature received the opportunity for broad development only from the time of the first Russian revolution. This is explained by the peculiarities of the socio-historical situation in the country under tsarism, which suppressed the sprouts of national culture. In the history of Belarusian literature, a place of honor is occupied by the works of democratic writers F. K. Bogushevich, Yanka Kupala and Yakub Kolas. These authors were the founders of modern national Belarusian literature.

The high artistic level of Belarusian democratic literature was supported by the authors Ivan Melezh, Vasil Bykov, Ivan Shamyakin, their works contributed to the rapid development of the method of realism and the success of the literature of modern Belarus.

Ivan Melezh

Born into a peasant family, he graduated with honors from school in Khoiniki and in 1939 entered the Moscow Institute of History, Philosophy and Literature, fought. He worked in the editorial office of the magazine "Polymya", deputy chairman of the board of the SP of the BSSR. Deputy of the Supreme Council of the BSSR

Published since 1930

The central place in the work of Ivan Melezh is occupied by the trilogy "Polesskaya Chronicle" ("People in the swamp", "Breath of a thunderstorm", "Snowstorm, December"). It describes the life of the Polish village in the 1920s and 1930s - the difficulties of the transition to socialism, collectivization, dispossession. With great talent, both the historical background and the relationship of the heroes of the trilogy are shown.

Based on the works of I. Melezh, performances were staged, feature films were shot. Author of literary-critical articles, essays, journalistic speeches.

WillownPetrohivShamyakin(1921-2004)

Belarusian Soviet writer, public figure. People's Writer of the Byelorussian SSR (1972). Hero of Socialist Labor (1981). Laureate of the Stalin Prize of the third degree (1951). Member of the CPSU (b) since 1943. Academician of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus (1994).

Ivan Shamyakin was born on January 30, 1921 into a poor peasant family.

In 1944 he wrote a story in the Belarusian language "At the snowy desert". Since that time, the serious work of the writer in literature begins. The first serious work of I.P. Shamyakin was the story "Litter", published in 1945 in the Belarusian magazine "Polymya". In December 1945, I. Shamyakin participated in the work of the first post-war plenum of the administration of the Union of Writers of the BSSR.

The first significant work of the author is a novel about Belarusian partisans "Glybokaya plyn". The novel was released in 1949 and was filmed in 2005.

Since 1954, he worked as Deputy Chairman of the Board of the Union of Writers of the BSSR. In 1957, a novel about the life of the rural intelligentsia called "Krinitsy" appeared. The reader is familiar with a cycle of five stories, united by the common name "Anxious happiness". The novels of I.P. Shamyakin "Heart in the palm of your hand", "Snowy winters", "Atlantes and caryatids" and many other works dedicated to the problems of modern life.

Vasyaeh ( Vasyaley) Wouldkov

Born June 19, 1924, village. Bychki, Ushachsky district, Vitebsk region - Belarusian writer and public figure, participant in the Great Patriotic War, captain.

Most of the works are stories set during the Great Patriotic War, showing the moral choice of a person in the most dramatic moments of life. In 1955, the first stories by Vasil Bykov in the Belarusian language "Death of a Man" and "Oboznik" were published. The works of Vasil Bykov are mostly devoted to the Great Patriotic War.

The first fame for the writer was brought by the release of Vasil Bykov's book "The Third Rocket". Basically, Vasil Bykov wrote his works in Belarusian, many of them he himself translated into Russian. The works of Vasil Bykov show the war with its inherent realism. "Alpine Ballad" is the first work of Soviet literature in which captivity was shown not as guilt, but as a hero's tragedy.

In the 70s, Vasil Bykov's books Sotnikov, Obelisk, Survive Until Dawn, Go and Never Return were published.

Some stories of Vasil Bykov are connected with the life of people during the Nazi occupation in partisan detachments and villages. These are the stories of Vasil Bykov "On the Black Lyads" and "Before the End".

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It became the most bloody in the history of mankind and lasted almost 4 years, was reflected in the heart of everyone as a cruel tragedy that claimed the lives of millions of people.

People of the Pen: The Truth About War

Despite the growing temporal distance between those distant events, interest in the topic of war is constantly growing; The current generation does not remain indifferent to the courage and exploits of Soviet soldiers. A big role in the veracity of the description of the events of the war years was played by the word of writers and poets, apt, uplifting, guiding and inspiring. It was they who, writers and poets-front-line soldiers, having spent their youth on the battlefields, conveyed to the modern generation the history of human destinies and deeds of people on which life sometimes depended. The writers of the bloody wartime truthfully described in their works the atmosphere of the front, the partisan movement, the severity of campaigns and life in the rear, strong soldier friendship, desperate heroism, betrayal and cowardly desertion.

A creative generation born of war

Front-line writers are a separate generation of heroic personalities who have experienced the hardships of the war and post-war period. Some of them died at the front, others lived longer and died, as they say, not from old age, but from old wounds.

The year 1924 was marked by the birth of a whole generation of front-line soldiers known throughout the country: Boris Vasilyev, Viktor Astafyev, Yulia Drunina, Bulat Okudzhava, Vasil Bykov. These front-line writers, whose list is far from complete, faced the war at the moment when they were just 17 years old.

Boris Vasiliev is an extraordinary person

Almost all the boys and girls of the 1920s failed to escape during the terrible wartime. Only 3% survived, among which, miraculously, was Boris Vasiliev.

He could die in the 34th year from typhus, in the 41st surrounded, in the 43rd from a mine stretch. The boy went to the front as a volunteer, went through the cavalry and machine-gun regimental schools, fought in the airborne regiment, studied at the Military Academy. In the post-war period, he worked in the Urals as a tester of tracked and wheeled vehicles. He was demobilized with the rank of engineer-captain in 1954; the reason for demobilization is the desire to engage in literary activities.

The author devoted such works to the military theme as “Not on the lists”, “Tomorrow there was a war”, “Veteran”, “Do not shoot at white swans”. Boris Vasiliev became famous after the publication in 1969 of the story "The Dawns Here Are Quiet ...", staged in 1971 on the stage of the Taganka Theater by Yuri Lyubimov and filmed in 1972. Approximately 20 films were shot according to the writer's scripts, including "Officers", "Tomorrow there was a war", "Aty-bats, there were soldiers ...".

Front-line writers: a biography of Viktor Astafiev

Viktor Astafiev, like many front-line writers of the Great Patriotic War, in his work showed the war as a great tragedy, seen through the eyes of a simple soldier - a man who is the basis of the entire army; it is to him that punishments are given in abundance, and rewards bypass him. This collective, semi-autobiographical image of a front-line soldier who lives the same life with his comrades and has learned to fearlessly look death in the eye, Astafyev largely wrote off from himself and his front-line friends, opposing him to the rear dwellers, who for the most part lived in a relatively non-dangerous front-line zone throughout the entire war. It was for them that he, like the rest of the poets and writers of the Great Patriotic War, felt the deepest contempt.

The author of such well-known works as "King Fish", "Cursed and Killed", "Last Bow" for his alleged commitment to the West and the tendency to chauvinism, which critics saw in his works, was abandoned to the mercy of fate by the state in his declining years, for who fought and sent to die in his native village. It was precisely such a bitter price that Viktor Astafyev had to pay, a man who never refused what was written, for the desire to tell the truth, bitter and sad. The truth, about which writers-front-line soldiers of the Great Patriotic War were not silent in their works; they said that the Russian people, which not only won, but also lost a lot in itself, simultaneously with the influence of fascism, experienced the oppressive influence of the Soviet system and its own internal forces.

Bulat Okudzhava: the sunset turned red a hundred times...

The poems and songs of Bulat Okudzhava (“Prayer”, “Midnight Trolleybus”, “Merry Drummer”, “Song about Soldier's Boots”) are known by the whole country; his stories "Be healthy, schoolboy", "Date with Bonaparte", "Journey of amateurs" are among the best works of Russian prose writers. Famous films - "Zhenya, Zhenechka and Katyusha", "Fidelity", the screenwriter of which he was, were watched by more than one generation, as well as the famous "Belarusian Station", where he acted as a songwriter. The singer's repertoire includes about 200 songs, each of which is filled with its own story.

Bulat Okudzhava, like other front-line writers (photo can be seen above), was a vivid symbol of his time; his concerts were always sold out, despite the lack of posters for his performances. Spectators shared their impressions and brought their friends and acquaintances. The song “We need one victory” from the movie “Belorussky Station” was sung by the whole country.

Bulat met the war at the age of seventeen, leaving after the ninth grade to the front as a volunteer. Private, soldier, mortar, who fought mainly on the North Caucasian front, was wounded from an enemy aircraft, and after being cured, he ended up in the heavy artillery of the High Command. As Bulat Okudzhava said (and his fellow front-line writers agreed with him), everyone was afraid in the war, even those who considered themselves braver than the rest.

War through the eyes of Vasil Bykov

Coming from a Belarusian peasant family, Vasil Bykov went to the front at the age of 18 and fought until the Victory, passing through such countries as Romania, Hungary, Austria. Was wounded twice; after demobilization he lived in Belarus, in the city of Grodno. The main theme of his works was not the war itself (historians, not front-line writers, should write about it), but the possibilities of the human spirit, manifested in such difficult conditions. A person must always remain a person and live according to his conscience, only in this case is the human race able to survive.

Features of Bykov's prose became the reason for accusations by Soviet critics of defiling the Soviet mode. Widespread harassment was organized in the press, censorship of the release of his works, their prohibition. Due to such persecution and a sharp deterioration in health, the author was forced to leave his homeland and live for some time in the Czech Republic (the country of his sympathies), then in Finland and Germany.

The most famous works of the writer: "Death of a Man", "Crane Cry", "Alpine Ballad", "Kruglyansky Bridge", "The Dead Do Not Hurt". As Chingiz Aitmatov said, Bykov was saved by fate for honest and truthful creativity on behalf of a whole generation. Some works were filmed: "Survive Until Dawn", "Third Rocket".

Writers-front-line soldiers: about the war in a poetic line

The talented girl Yulia Drunina, like many front-line writers, went to the front as a volunteer. In 1943 she was seriously wounded, due to which she was recognized as disabled and retired. This was followed by a return to the front, Yulia fought in the Baltic states and the Pskov region. In 1944, she was again shell-shocked and declared unfit for further service. With the title of foreman and the medal "For Courage", Yulia after the war released a collection of poems "In a soldier's overcoat", dedicated to front-line time. She was accepted into the Writers' Union and forever enrolled in the ranks of front-line poets, referring to the military generation.

Along with the creativity and release of such collections as "Alarm", "You are near", "My friend", "Country - youth", "Trench Star", Yulia Drunina was actively engaged in literary and social work, was awarded prestigious prizes, more than once was elected a member of the editorial boards of central newspapers and magazines, secretary of the board of various writers' unions. Despite universal respect and recognition, Julia devoted herself completely to poetry, describing in verse the role of a woman in the war, her courage and tolerance, as well as the incompatibility of the life-giving feminine principle with murder and destruction.

the fate of man

Front-line writers and their works made a significant contribution to literature, conveying to posterity the veracity of the events of the war years. Perhaps one of our relatives and relatives fought with them shoulder to shoulder and became the prototype of stories or novels.

In 1941, Yuri Bondarev - the future writer - along with his peers participated in the construction of defensive fortifications; after graduating from an infantry school, he fought near Stalingrad as a commander of a mortar crew. Then a concussion, slight frostbite and a wound in the back, which did not become an obstacle to returning to the front, participation in the battle went a long way to Poland and Czechoslovakia. After demobilization, Yuri Bondarev entered them. Gorky, where he happened to get to a creative seminar under the guidance of Konstantin Paustovsky, who instilled in the future writer a love for the great art of the pen and the ability to say his word.

All his life, Yuri remembered the smell of frozen, stone-hard bread and the aroma of cold burns in the steppes of Stalingrad, the icy cold of frost-calcined guns, the metal of which was felt through mittens, the powder stench of spent cartridges and the desert silence of the night starry sky. The work of front-line writers is permeated with the sharpness of the unity of man with the Universe, his helplessness and at the same time incredible strength and perseverance, increasing a hundredfold in the face of terrible danger.

Yuri Bondarev became widely known for his novels The Last Volleys and The Battalions Ask for Fire, which vividly portrayed the reality of wartime. The work "Silence", highly appreciated by critics, was turned to the theme of Stalin's repressions. In the most famous novel, Hot Snow, the theme of the heroism of the Soviet people during the period of their most difficult trials is sharply raised; the author described the last days of the Battle of Stalingrad and the people who defended their homeland and their families from the Nazi invaders. The red line is Stalingrad in all the works of the front-line writer as a symbol of soldier's stamina and courage. Bondarev never embellished the war and showed "little great people" who did their job: they defended their homeland.

During the war, Yuri Bondarev finally realized that a person is born not for hatred, but for love. It was in frontline conditions that the crystal clear commandments of love for the Motherland, fidelity and decency entered the consciousness of the writer. After all, in battle everything is naked, good and evil are distinguishable, and everyone made their own conscious choice. According to Yuri Bondarev, life is given to a person not just like that, but to fulfill a certain mission, and it is important not to waste yourself on trifles, but to educate your own soul, fighting for a free existence and in the name of justice.

The stories and novels of the writer have been translated into more than 70 languages, and over the period from 1958 to 1980, more than 130 works by Yuri Bondarev were published abroad, and the paintings based on them (“Hot Snow”, “Coast”, “Battalions ask for fire”) watched by a huge audience.

The activity of the writer was marked by many public and state awards, including the most important one - universal recognition and reader's love.

"Span of the Earth" Grigory Baklanov

Grigory Baklanov is the author of such works as "July 1941", "It was the month of May ...", "A span of land", "Friends", "I was not killed in the war." During the war he served in a howitzer artillery regiment, then as an officer he commanded a battery and fought on the Southwestern Front until the end of the war, which he describes through the eyes of those who fought on the front line, with its formidable front-line everyday life. Baklanov explains the reasons for the heavy defeats at the initial stage of the war by mass repressions, the atmosphere of general suspicion and fear that prevailed in the pre-war period. A requiem for the young generation ruined by the war, the exorbitant high price for victory, was the story "Forever - nineteen."

In his works dedicated to the peaceful period, Baklanov returns to the fate of the former front-line soldiers, who turned out to be warped by the ruthless totalitarian system. This is especially clearly shown in the story "Karpukhin", where the life of the hero of the work was broken by official heartlessness. According to the scripts of the writer, 8 films were shot; the best film adaptation is "It was the month of May ...".

Military literature - for children

Children's front-line writers have made a significant contribution to literature, writing for teenagers works about their peers - the same as they are, boys and girls who happened to live in wartime.

• A. Mityaev "Sixth incomplete".
• A. Ochkin "Ivan - I, Fedorovs - we."
• S. Alekseev "From Moscow to Berlin".
• L. Kassil "Your defenders."
• A. Gaidar "The Oath of Timur".
• V. Kataev "Son of the Regiment".
• L. Nikolskaya "Must stay alive."

Front-line writers, the list of which is far from complete, conveyed the terrible reality of the war, the tragic fate of people and the courage and heroism they showed in an accessible and understandable language for children. These works instill the spirit of patriotism and love for the motherland, teach to appreciate loved ones and relatives, to protect peace on our planet.

XX - early XXI centuries deeply and comprehensively, in all its manifestations: the army and the rear, the partisan movement and the underground, the tragic beginning of the war, individual battles, heroism and betrayal, the greatness and drama of the Victory. The authors of military prose, as a rule, front-line soldiers, in their works rely on real events, on their own front-line experience. In books about the war written by front-line soldiers, the main line is soldier friendship, front-line camaraderie, the severity of camp life, desertion and heroism. Dramatic human destinies unfold in war, sometimes life or death depends on a person’s act. Front-line writers are a whole generation of courageous, conscientious, experienced, gifted individuals who have endured military and post-war hardships. Front-line writers are those authors who in their works express the point of view that the outcome of the war is decided by the hero, who recognizes himself as a particle of the warring people, who carries his cross and common burden.

The most reliable works about the war were created by front-line writers:, G. Baklanov, B. Vasiliev,.

One of the first books about the war was Viktor Platonovich Nekrasov's (1911-1987) story "In the trenches of Stalingrad", which Vyacheslav Kondratyev, another front-line writer, spoke with great respect. He called it his desk book, where there was the whole war with its inhumanity and cruelty, there was "our war that we went through." This book was published immediately after the war in the Znamya magazine (1946, Nos. 8–9) under the title Stalingrad, and only later was it given the title In the Trenches of Stalingrad.

And in 1947, the story "Star" was written by Emmanuil Genrikhovich Kazakevich (1913-1962), a front-line writer, truthful and poetic. But at that time it was deprived of a true ending, and only now it has been filmed and restored in its original ending, namely, the death of all six scouts under the command of Lieutenant Travkin.

Let us also recall other outstanding works about the war of the Soviet period. This is the "lieutenant's prose" of such writers as G. Baklanova, K. Vorobyov.

Yuri Vasilyevich Bondarev (1924), a former artillery officer who fought in 1942-1944 near Stalingrad, on the Dnieper, in the Carpathians, the author of the best books about the war - "Battalions ask for fire" (1957), "Silence" (1962), " Hot Snow (1969). One of the reliable works written by Bondarev about the war is the novel “Hot Snow” about the Battle of Stalingrad, about the defenders of Stalingrad, for whom he personified the defense of the Motherland. Stalingrad as a symbol of soldier's courage and stamina runs through all the works of the front-line writer. His military writings are laced with romantic scenes. The heroes of his stories and novels - the boys, along with the heroism they commit, still have time to think about the beauty of nature. For example, lieutenant Davlatyan cries bitterly like a boy, considering himself a failure not because he was wounded and hurt, but because he dreamed of getting to the front line, he wanted to knock out a tank. About the difficult life after the war of former participants in the war, his new novel "Non-resistance", what former boys have become. They do not give up under the weight of post-war and especially modern life. “We have learned to hate falsehood, cowardice, lies, the elusive look of a scoundrel talking to you with a pleasant smile, indifference, from which one step to betrayal,” says Yuri Vasilyevich Bondarev many years later about his generation in the book Moments.

Let us recall Konstantin Dmitrievich Vorobyov (1919-1975), the author of harsh and tragic works, who was the first to tell about the bitter truth of the one who was captured and went through the earthly hell. The stories of Konstantin Dmitrievich Vorobyov “This is us, Lord”, “Killed near Moscow” were written from his own experience. Fighting in a company of Kremlin cadets near Moscow, he was taken prisoner, passed through camps in Lithuania. He escaped from captivity, organized a partisan group that joined the Lithuanian partisan detachment, and after the war he lived in Vilnius. The story "This is Us, Lord", written in 1943, was published only ten years after his death, in 1986. This story about the torments of a young lieutenant in captivity is autobiographical and is now highly valued in terms of the resistance of the spirit as a phenomenon. Torture, executions, hard labor in captivity, escapes... The author documents a nightmarish reality, exposes evil. The story "Killed near Moscow", written by him in 1961, remains one of the most reliable works about the initial period of the war in 1941 near Moscow, where a company of young cadets ends up, almost without weapons. Fighters die, the world collapses under bombs, the wounded are captured. But their life is given to the Motherland, which they faithfully served.

Among the most notable front-line writers of the second half of the 20th century, one can name the writer Vyacheslav Leonidovich Kondratiev (1920-1993). His simple and beautiful story "Sashka", published back in 1979 in the magazine "Friendship of Peoples" and dedicated to "To All Who Fought near Rzhev - Living and Dead" - shocked readers. The story "Sashka" put forward Vyacheslav Kondratiev among the leading writers of the front-line generation, for each of them the war was different. In it, a front-line writer talks about the life of an ordinary person in a war, several days of front-line life. The battles themselves were not the main part of a person's life in the war, but the main thing was life, incredibly difficult, with enormous physical exertion, hard life. For example, morning mine shelling, getting shag, sipping liquid porridge, warming up by the fire - and the hero of the story Sashka understood - you have to live, you have to knock out tanks, shoot down planes. Having captured the German in a short battle, he does not experience much triumph, he seems to be unheroic at all, an ordinary fighter. The story about Sashka became a story about all the front-line soldiers, tormented by the war, but who retained their human face even in an impossible situation. And then the novels and stories follow, united by a cross-cutting theme and heroes: “The Road to Borodukhino”, “Life-Being”, “Vacation for Wounds”, “Meetings on Sretenka”, “A Significant Date”. The works of Kondratiev are not just true prose about the war, they are true testimonies of time, duty, honor and fidelity, these are the painful thoughts of the heroes after. His works are characterized by the accuracy of dating events, their geographic and topographic reference. The author was where and when his characters were. His prose is eyewitness accounts, it can be regarded as an important, albeit peculiar, historical source, at the same time it is written according to all the canons of a work of art. The collapse of the era that occurred in the 90s, which haunts the participants in the war and they experience moral suffering, had a catastrophic effect on front-line writers, led them to the tragic feelings of a devalued feat. Is it not because of moral suffering that the front-line writers tragically died in 1993, Vyacheslav Kondratyev, and in 1991, Yulia Drunina.

Here is another of the front-line writers, Vladimir Osipovich Bogomolov (1926-2003), who wrote in 1973 the action-packed work “The Moment of Truth” (“In August forty-fourth”) about military counterintelligence - SMERSH, whose heroes neutralize the enemy in the rear of our troops. In 1993, he published the bright story "In the Krieger" (krieger - a wagon for transporting the seriously wounded), which is a continuation of the story "The Moment of Truth" and "Zosya". In this wagon-krieger, the surviving heroes gathered. Undertreated them, a terrible commission distributed them for further service in remote areas of the Far North, Kamchatka, and the Far East. They, who gave their lives for their Motherland, were crippled, were not spared, they were sent to the most remote places. The last novel about the Great Patriotic War by Vladimir Osipovich Bogomolov “My life, or did you dream about me ...” (Our contemporary. - 2005. - No. 11,12; 2006. - No. 1, 10, 11, 12; 2008. - No. 10) remained unfinished and was published after the death of the writer. He wrote this novel not only as a participant in the war, but also based on archival documents. The events in the novel begin in February 1944 with the crossing of the Oder and last until the early 1990s. The story is told on behalf of a 19-year-old lieutenant. The novel is documented by the orders of Stalin and Zhukov, political reports, excerpts from the front press, which give an impartial picture of the hostilities. The novel, without any embellishment, conveys the mood in the army that has entered enemy territory. The underside of the war is depicted, which has not been written about before.

Vladimir Osipovich Bogomolov wrote about his main, as he considered, book: “It will not be a memoir, not memoirs, but, in the language of literary critics, “an autobiography of a fictitious person.” And not entirely fictional: by the will of fate, I almost always found myself not only in the same places with the main character, but also in the same positions: I spent a whole decade in the shoes of most heroes, the root prototypes of the main characters were closely familiar to me during the war and after her officers. This novel is not only about the history of a person of my generation, it is a requiem for Russia, for its nature and morality, a requiem for the difficult, deformed destinies of several generations - tens of millions of my compatriots.

Front-line writer Boris Lvovich Vasiliev (b. 1924), laureate of the State Prize of the USSR, the Prize of the President of Russia, the Independent Prize named after "April". He is the author of the books loved by all “The Dawns Here Are Quiet”, “Tomorrow there was a war”, “I was not on the lists”, “Aty-bats were soldiers”, which were filmed in Soviet times. In an interview with Rossiyskaya Gazeta dated January 1, 2001, the front-line writer noted the demand for military prose. Unfortunately, his works were not republished for ten years, and only in 2004, on the eve of the writer's 80th birthday, were they republished again by the Veche publishing house. A whole generation of young people was brought up on the military stories of Boris Lvovich Vasiliev. Everyone remembered the bright images of girls who combined love of truth and steadfastness (Zhenya from the story “The Dawns Here Are Quiet...”, Spark from the story “Tomorrow there was a war”, etc.) and sacrificial devotion to a high cause and loved ones (the heroine of the story “In was not listed, etc.)

Evgeny Ivanovich Nosov (1925-2002), who was awarded the Sakharov Literary Prize together with Konstantin Vorobyov (posthumously) for his work in general (devotion to the theme), is distinguished by his belonging to the village theme. But he also created unforgettable images of peasants who are preparing to go to war (the story "Usvyatsky helmet-bearers") as if to the end of the world, say goodbye to a measured peasant life and prepare for an uncompromising battle with the enemy. The first work about the war was the story "Red Wine of Victory", written by him in 1969, in which the hero met Victory Day on a government bed in the hospital and received, along with all the suffering wounded, a glass of red wine in honor of this long-awaited holiday. Reading the story, adults who survived the war will cry. “An authentic comfrey, an ordinary fighter, he does not like to talk about the war ... The wounds of a fighter will tell more and more strongly about the war. Holy words should not be frittered away in vain. As well, you can not lie about the war. And it is a shame to write badly about the sufferings of the people. A master and worker of prose, he knows that the memory of dead friends can be offended by an awkward word, clumsy thoughts ... ”- this is how his friend writer-front-line soldier Viktor Astafyev wrote about Nosov. In the story “Khutor Beloglin”, Alexei, the hero of the story, lost everything in the war - he had no family, no home, no health, but, nevertheless, he remained kind and generous. Yevgeny Nosov wrote a number of works at the turn of the century, about which Alexander Isaevich Solzhenitsyn said, when presenting him with his own name award: Nosov closes the half-century wound of the Great War and everything that has not been told about it even today. Works: "Apple Savior", "Commemorative Medal", "Fanfares and Bells" - from this series.

Among the front-line writers, Andrei Platonovich Platonov (1899-1951) was undeservedly deprived in Soviet times, whom literary criticism made such only because his works were different, too reliable. For example, the critic V. Ermilov in the article "A. Platonov's slanderous story" (about the story "The Return") accused the author of "the most vile slander on the Soviet family" and the story was declared alien and even hostile. In fact, Andrei Platonov went through the entire war as an officer, from 1942 to 1946. He was a war correspondent for Krasnaya Zvezda on the fronts from Voronezh, Kursk to Berlin and the Elbe, and his man among the soldiers in the trenches, he was called the "trench captain." One of the first Andrey Platonov wrote the dramatic story of the return of a war veteran home in the story "Return", which was published in the "New World" already in 1946. The hero of the story, Alexei Ivanov, is in no hurry to go home, he has found a second family among his fellow soldiers, he has lost the habit of being at home, of his family. The heroes of Platonov's works “... were now going to live for the first time, in illness and the happiness of victory. Now they were going to live for the first time, vaguely remembering themselves as they were three or four years ago, because they turned into completely different people ... ". And in the family, near his wife and children, another man appeared, who was orphaned by the war. It is difficult for a front-line soldier to return to another life, to children.

(b. 1921) - participant in the Great Patriotic War, colonel, historian, author of a series of books: "In the ranks", "Fiery miles", "Fights continue", "Colonel Gorin", "Chronicle of the pre-war years", " In the snow-covered fields of the Moscow region. What caused the tragedy of June 22: the criminal carelessness of the command or the treachery of the enemy? How to overcome the confusion and confusion of the first hours of the war? The resilience and courage of the Soviet soldier in the early days of the Great Patriotic War is described in the historical novel "Summer of Hopes and Crashes" (Roman-gazeta. - 2008. - Nos. 9-10). There are also images of military leaders: commander-in-chief Stalin, marshals - Zhukov, Timoshenko, Konev and many others. Another historical novel “Stalingrad. Battles and Fates ”(Roman-newspaper. - 2009. - Nos. 15-16.) The battle on the Volga is called the battle of the century. The final parts of the novel are devoted to the harsh winter of the years, when more than two million soldiers came together in a deadly battle.

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(real name - Fridman) was born on September 11, 1923 in Voronezh. He volunteered to fight. From the front he was sent to the artillery school. After completing his studies, he ended up on the South-Western Front, then on the 3rd Ukrainian. Participated in the Iasi-Chisinau operation, in the battles in Hungary, in the capture of Budapest, Vienna. He ended the war in Austria with the rank of lieutenant. In the years studied at the Literary Institute. The book "Forever - nineteen" (1979) was awarded the State Prize. In 1986-96 was the editor-in-chief of the Znamya magazine. Died 2009

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(real name - Kirill) was born on November 28, 1915 in Petrograd. He studied at MIFLI, then at the Literary Institute. M. Gorky. In 1939 he was sent as a war correspondent to Khalkhin Gol in Mongolia. From the first days of the Great Patriotic War, Konstantin Simonov was in the army: he was his own correspondent for the newspapers Krasnaya Zvezda, Pravda, Komsomolskaya Pravda, etc. In 1942 he was awarded the rank of senior battalion commissar, in 1943 - the rank of lieutenant colonel, and after the war - colonel. As a war correspondent, he visited all fronts, was in Romania, Bulgaria, Yugoslavia, Poland, Germany, witnessed the last battles for Berlin. After the war, he worked as an editor of the journal Novy Mir and Literaturnaya Gazeta. Died August 28, 1979 in Moscow.

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Front-line writers, contrary to the tendencies that developed in the Soviet era to gloss over the truth about the war, portrayed the harsh and tragic military and post-war reality. Their works are true evidence of the time when Russia fought and won.

We recommend reading books about the Great Patriotic War. Reading is very difficult, but necessary. We have been left authentic evidence of the tragedy of mankind by such authors as Ales Adamovich, Vasil Bykov, Vyacheslav Kondratiev, Daniil Granin, Boris Vasiliev, and others...

"Khatyn story"

Famous Belarusian writer Ales Adamovich - participant of the Great Patriotic War, partisan; his "Khatyn story", presented in this edition, created on the basis of documentary material and dedicated to the partisan struggle in occupied Belarus.

"This is a talentedly embodied memory of the war, a reminder story and a warning story. The experience of those who survived the war cannot be wasted. It teaches humanity, perhaps the most elementary of truths: only by not sparing your life, you can defend freedom and defeat the enemy Especially as sophisticated as German fascism was" (Vasil Bykov).

And the dawns here are quiet ... (story)
Not listed (novel)

Attention readers offers two perhaps the most poignant writings about the war famous Russian writer Boris Lvovich Vasiliev - the story "The Dawns Here Are Quiet ..." (1969), dedicated to the history of five anti-aircraft gunners, led by their commander - foreman Vaskov - who entered into an unequal and mortal battle with German saboteurs, and the novel " Was not on the lists" (1974), telling about the last defender of the Brest Fortress, Lieutenant Pluzhnikov.

Both works are distinguished by psychological authenticity and expressive conciseness of the author's style, which turn the front-line episode told in them into a high tragedy about those who did not live, did not dream, did not love.

"The Punishers"

The famous Belarusian writer Ales Adamovich is a participant of the Great Patriotic War, a partisan.

The author of the book, who himself went through the battlefields, knew only too well that it is precisely in these most severe conditions of the need for choice that the essence of man is clearly determined. Bykov reveals the spiritual and civic fullness of his heroes, shows that a moral feat is devoid of the halo of an outwardly bright, spectacular heroic action.

The book includes the stories "Sotnikov", "Obelisk", "Survive Until Dawn", "Crane Cry", "Sign of Trouble", as well as journalistic articles "The Bells of Khatyn" and "How the story "Sotnikov" is written.

"War has no woman's face"

This is the most famous book by Svetlana Aleksievich and one of the most famous books about the Great Patriotic War. where the war is first shown through the eyes of a woman. This is the first complete edition of the novel. Having eliminated the "corrections" of the censor and erasing the "traces" of the editors, Svetlana Aleksievich included not only new episodes in the text, but also restored all the cuts, providing them with pages from the diary, which she kept for all seven years while the book was being written.

An absolutely innovative approach to the topic is organically combined with the great confessional tradition of Russian classical literature. Here is how Svetlana Alexandrovna herself sees it:

More than 20 years of working with documentary material, having written five books, I say: art does not suspect a lot in a person, does not guess. But I am not writing a dry, bare history of facts, events, I am writing a history of feelings. What did the person think, understand and remember during this event? What he believed or did not believe in, what illusions, hopes, fears he had ... This is something that is impossible to imagine, to invent, at least in such a number of reliable details and details. We quickly forget what we were ten, twenty or fifty years ago. And sometimes we are ashamed, or we ourselves no longer believe that it was so with us. Art can lie, a document deceives... Although a document is also someone's will, someone's passion. But I put together the world of my books from thousands of voices, destinies, pieces of our life and existence. I write each book for three or four years, meet and talk, record 500-700 people. My chronicle spans dozens of generations. It begins with the memory of people who met the revolution, went through wars, Stalin's camps, and goes to our days. This is the story of one soul - the Russian soul..."

This is the first complete version of the book "War has no woman's face", without censorship and editorial discretion.

"Last Witnesses"

Last Witnesses: 100 Unchildren's Lullabies

The second book (the first was "The War Doesn't Have a Woman's Face") of Svetlana Aleksievich's famous documentary series "Voices of Utopia".

This book is a memoir of the Great Patriotic War of those who were 6-12 years old during the war- the most impartial and most unfortunate of its witnesses. A war seen by children's eyes is even more terrible than a war captured by a woman's eyes. Aleksievich's books have nothing to do with the kind of literature where "the writer pees and the reader reads." But it is in relation to her books that the question most often arises: do we need such a terrible truth? The writer herself answers this question: "A forgetful person is capable of generating only evil and nothing else but evil."

"Last Witnesses"is a feat of childhood memory.

A forgetful person is capable of generating only evil and nothing else but evil,” writes Svetlana Aleksievich. This book is the testimonies of people who survived the war in childhood. 100 childhood memories of the war. 100 non-children's lullabies that keep our memory awake. Nobody will ever talk about it! Behind the heroes of this book - no one. They are not politicians, they are not soldiers, they are not philosophers, they are children. The most impartial witnesses.

The Last Witnesses of Svetlana Aleksievich come out after the book War Has Not a Woman's Face. Together they make up an integral study about the Great Patriotic War, about an unknown war - a war without army offensives and panoramic tank attacks - these are books about war through the eyes of women and children .

For a wide range of readers.

This book was first published in the 1980s, and even earlier - in the journal Druzhba Narodiv, then it made a very strong impression. The Belarusian writer Svetlana Aleksievich collected the memories of many people, residents of Belarusian villages and cities, who at the beginning of the war were from three to 12 years old. 100 of them are included in the book. This book is very scary to read...

One can understand why Svetlana Aleksievich wrote down and processed these stories, but how she had the strength to do this ... A terrible memory was left to us ...

Svetlana Alexandrovna Alexievich

Svetlana Alexandrovna Aleksievich was born on May 31, 1948 in Ivano-Frankivsk (Ukrainian SSR) in the family of a military man.

After his father was demobilized from the army, the family moved to his homeland, to Belarus, where his parents worked as rural teachers. After leaving school, she worked as a correspondent for the local newspaper. In 1967 she entered the Faculty of Journalism of the Belarusian State University, during her studies she became a laureate of republican and all-Union competitions of student scientific works. After graduating from the university, she worked in a regional newspaper, taught in a rural school, then in the editorial office of the republican Selskaya Gazeta, later became a correspondent, head of the essay and journalism department of the Neman literary and art magazine.

The set of Aleksievich's first book, "I left the village," was scattered at the direction of the propaganda department of the Republican Central Committee of the Party, and the book "War has no woman's face," written in 1983, was published only after the start of "perestroika," in 1985. Immediately after it, the book "Last Witnesses" (1985) saw the light, then the books "Zinc Boys" (1989), "Charmed by Death" (1993), "Chernobyl Prayer" (1997) were published. The writer's books have been published in more than 20 countries around the world, with a total of about 100 editions. Based on the works of Svetlana Aleksievich, 20 documentaries were shot, a number of stage productions were created. A cultural event was the performance "War has no woman's face", staged in 1985 at the Moscow Taganka Theater directed by Anatoly Efros. Currently, the author is completing work on a new book about love, "The Wonderful Deer of the Eternal Hunt."

Svetlana Aleksievich is a laureate of 17 international awards, among which is the Literary Prize. N. Ostrovsky (1985), Lenin Komsomol Prize (1986), Prize. Kurt Tucholsky (1996), "Triumph" (1997), "The Most Sincere Person of the Year" by the Glasnost Foundation (1998), "For the Best Political Book of the Year" (Germany, 1998), "For European Understanding" (Germany, 1998) , "Witness of the World" (RFI, 1999), Peace Prize. EM. Remarque (2001).