Analysis of a Poem on a Haystack at the Southern Feta Night. The poem "on a haystack at a southern night" Fet Afanasy Afanasyevich A fet on a haystack at a southern night

Afanasy Afanasyevich Fet

On a haystack at southern night
I lay face to the firmament,
And the choir shone, lively and friendly,
Spread around, trembling.

Earth, like a vague silent dream,
Passed away without knowing
And I, as the first inhabitant of paradise,
One in the face saw the night.

I rushed to the midnight abyss,
Or hosts of stars rushed to me?
It seemed as if in a powerful hand
Above this abyss I hung.

And with fading and confusion
I measured the depth with my eyes,
In which with every moment I
Everything is irrevocable.

The philosophical and meditative mood of the poem of 1857 brings it closer to Tyutchev's "Dreams". The lyrical situation is also similar, which plunges the hero into the night element, revealing to him the secrets of the universe. Both authors have an image of the abyss: in Tyutchev's version, fiery infinity surrounds the "magic boat" of the lyrical "we", and people become witnesses of a grandiose confrontation between cosmic and chaotic principles. The analyzed work lacks the tragic context characteristic of Tyutchev's lyrics. What feelings does the unearthly "sleepless darkness" give rise to in Fetov's hero?

The appearance of the key image is preceded by a description of a real life situation: a lyrical subject, sitting on a haystack, peers into a wide panorama of a clear starry sky. The latter is designated by the metaphor "choir of luminaries": both the phrase itself and the adjoining epithets indicate the meaningfulness and high degree of orderliness of the celestial landscape.

The hero, outwardly remaining motionless, at the allegorical level, is going through a series of changes. Real terrestrial space acquires unsteadiness and practically disappears. The observer, having lost his usual support, "face-to-face" meets with the unknown. The state of loneliness and acute novelty of the experience is conveyed by comparison with the "first" and only inhabitant of paradise.

The third stanza continues the games with space. The lyrical subject feels a rapid approach to the “midnight abyss”. The observer fixes the result of the transformation, but cannot determine how it happened. Without understanding the vague trajectories, the person again focuses on his feelings: he seems to be hanging over the abyss, held by a fantastic “powerful hand”.

In the final quatrain, the rapid movement is replaced by a slow descent into the infinite depth. The finale does not bring a denouement, leaving the process of immersion of a confused and numb hero at the development stage.

The question of the meaning of the abstract category of the abyss should be considered in connection with the interpretation of the emotions of the lyrical "I". Involuntary fear is secondary here, and delight becomes the main reaction: the greatness of the world, which appeared as a revelation, delights the contemplator. Positive feelings are more clearly expressed in the work “How undead you are, silver night ...”, written in the same period. Luxurious landscape, decorated with "diamond dew", inspires and inspires the soul of the hero-observer.

A. Fet - a poem "On a haystack at southern night ...".

The main theme of the poem is a man alone with the universe. However, it is not hostile to the lyrical hero: the night here is “bright”, friendly, “the choir of lights” is “alive and friendly”. The lyrical hero perceives the world around him not as chaos, but as harmony. Plunging into space, he feels like "the first inhabitant of paradise." Nature here is inseparably united with man. And the hero completely merges with her. Moreover, this movement is mutually directed: “Did I rush towards the midnight abyss, Or did hosts of stars rush towards me?” The poem is filled with personifications: “a choir of luminaries, lively and friendly”, the earth is “mute”, the night reveals its “face” to the hero. Thus, the poet's lyrical thought is optimistic: plunging into the Cosmos, he experiences both confusion and delight, and the joyful feeling of the discoverer of life.

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On a haystack at southern night
I lay face to the firmament,
And the choir shone, lively and friendly,
Spread around, trembling.

Earth, like a vague silent dream,
Passed away without knowing
And I, as the first inhabitant of paradise,
One in the face saw the night.

I rushed to the midnight abyss,
Or hosts of stars rushed to me?
It seemed as if in a powerful hand
Above this abyss I hung.

And with fading and confusion
I measured the depth with my eyes,
In which with every moment I
Everything is irrevocable.

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In Fet's poem, the main theme is the theme of the night. This theme is one of the main romantics. However, for Tyutchev, for example, the night is something terrible, in M. Lermontov's poem “I go out alone on the road” at night the lyrical hero experiences a comprehensive sadness. And what is the lyrical hero of A. Fet going through at night?

Events take place on a southern night. The hero lies on a haystack, he is fascinated by the night sky, for the first time he sees it so mysterious, alive, extraordinary. This description is accompanied by alliteration - the repetition of the consonant sounds "s" and "l", these are the sounds that in Russian poetry always accompany the description of the night, the radiance of the moon.

In this poem, which is typical for Fet, the lyrical plot develops not on the basis of conflict - it does not exist - but on the basis of amplification, deployment of feelings. The basis of the lyrical plot is the motive of flight.

The haystack symbolizes everyday life, from which the hero moves away to the stars, to the sky: “Either rushed to the midnight abyss, or hosts of stars rushed to me.” It seems to him that the earth was “bearing away without a trace”, and he was getting closer and closer to the bottomless night sky. The hero feels that something supports him, takes care of him. Although the earth has gone from under his feet, he does not feel the danger. As if he is “in a powerful hand”, which protects him and takes care of him. This is the feeling of the presence of Divine power. The fourth stanza conveys a different mood. If before that the lyrical hero experienced a feeling of security, care, admiration, now there is a feeling of excitement, excitement from delight. The hero seems to lose his material shell, lightness appears, he sinks into the abyss of the unknown, the mysterious. It embraces the depth of the sky, the infinity of space.

In this poem, the poetic world comes to the fore. It is beautiful, harmonious (which emphasizes the use of an almost correct iambic, and only in the last stanza a sharp increase in the number of pyrrhic reflects the new feeling of the lyrical hero, which we wrote about above), because there is a divine principle in it - the hero feels the presence of something in the night depth of the sky something powerful, supernatural. Therefore, nature is alive, as evidenced by metaphors, personifications, epithets: “a choir of stars”, “the earth was carried away”, “hosts of stars were rushing”. In this poetic world there is only a lyrical hero and the universe. The lyrical hero contemplates, he is passive outwardly, but his heart trembles at the sight of beauty. The poem is permeated with a sense of delight in front of the world - this is his idea.
The poem reveals the greatness of the divine, that which is not known and not experienced by man, makes you think about the universe, and the infinity of the cosmos. This is the specificity of Fet's disclosure of the theme of the night.

Written in early 1857, a work in the first person of an idyllic genre and lyrical content. Consists of four quatrains. The theme is the description of the night sky and the sensations of the observer experienced in front of it. The work does not have a plot as such, and its mood is rather philosophical.

The poem can be conditionally divided into two parts of two quatrains. At the beginning, the setting of the nocturnal nature in which the action takes place is described. The poet settled down for the night at the foot of a haystack. The sky is clear, there is silence around and there is not a soul - nothing prevents you from watching the choir of luminaries spread around. In the second part, attention is drawn to the observer himself, to his experiences under the impression of the presented picture.

The work uses a metaphor several times: the stars that strewn the sky are compared to a choir, the earth is called mute, like a vague dream. Fet especially emphasizes the impression of "depth" received from the observed spectacle, as if heaven is the depths of the sea. Several times the sky is called an abyss, in which the author “drowns” more and more irrevocably. He seemed to hang over this abyss, held by a mighty hand. Gradually falling asleep, the author doubts whether he is rushing towards the host of stars, or whether it is the stars rushing towards him.

The main impression of the poet was admiration for the magnificence of the observed picture of the world. With "fading and confusion," he measures the depth of the sky with his eyes.

Now about the formal side of the poem. Each quatrain is divided into two couplets. The first line in each couplet is logically stressed, while the second is less stressed. Most of the lines are built according to the classical iambic tetrameter pattern with a bipartite meter, and an additional, ninth syllable is added at the end of the accented lines. It is tetrameter and bipartite because the line has four identical sequences of two stressed and unstressed syllables:

On a hundred - ge se - on but - whose yu (zhnoy)

Face - to yours - for I - lay.

The iambic size means that in each of these sequences, the stress is on the second syllable:

And chorus - shone - alive - and friendly (zhny)

Around - raski - nuvshis - trembled.

The size is violated only in the first line of the third tercet. Thus, the author made a kind of transition from the description of the night to his own experiences, focusing the listener's attention on this transition.

Analysis of verse 2

The world of landscape lyrics by A. A. Fet is an amazing combination of landscape sketches and personal experiences of the lyrical hero.

In the poem “On a haystack at southern night”, the author emphasizes the idea that without the merging of nature with man, he cannot exist. The relationship between the surrounding world and the hero begins with the usual touch with each other. The poet admires the beauties of his native land in solitude. Against the backdrop of a night veil, the writer plunges into a boundless shimmering space, maintaining a barely perceptible line between the real and the mysterious worlds. In the midst of the darkness of the night from a stack of dry grass, the author enjoys the view of the sky, strewn with an endless stream of starry rash. The lyrical hero shares with the reader thoughts about the meaning of being, which haunt him. He remains one on one with nature, feels like a particle of a dark endless abyss.

A. A. Fet endows nature with signs characteristic of man, using personifications for this: “the choir trembled”, “the earth was carried away”. Love and understanding of the laws of nature led to the fact that the lyrical hero achieved absolute spiritual harmony, revealed his inner world, as if he saw something new in the familiar, but mysterious set of stars in the night sky.

Comparisons “the choir of luminaries”, “the earth is like a dream”, “like the first inhabitant of paradise” also give development to the text, enlivening the images that become auxiliary in determining the theme and main idea of ​​the poem. The state of the hero is close to many, since each person has access to both a haystack and night time. Moreover, if a person is not indifferent to nature, to any of its manifestations, he can certainly experience a similar emotional state and depth of thought. The epithets “silent earth”, “vague dream” allow us to say that the poet does not feel reality at this moment, only the space above, filled with a different meaning, of high importance.

The poem is optimistic. You can feel his love of life and his indifference to all living things around. The author's position is clear. Through an appeal to the phenomena of nature, that is, with an ordinary approach to the sky, solitude with nature, a person is able to enter into a dialogue with the outside world, plunging into the philosophy of life, revealing his innermost thoughts about the eternal. At such moments comes the understanding that behind the usual things lies a secret that is associated with such concepts as eternity and transience, life and death. Nothing lasts forever, but every such moment is priceless.

The poet dissolves in silence, in pitch darkness, which has no boundaries. He admits that the influence of the depth of heaven is so great that he experiences real joy about contact with this edge, and hesitation (“And with fading and confusion”). At the same time, he realizes that this is inevitable, in his soul, as if thanking God for the moment of enlightenment.

During the reading of the poem, admiration for the magnificent landscape comes to the fore, accessible to every reader, but able to perceive the novelty of experiences at night in the bosom of nature in different ways.

Analysis of the poem On a haystack at southern night according to plan

Afanasy Afanasyevich Fet is an unusual and original person. It is not for nothing that many critics wrote about him that he writes in a very exotic way, and that not everyone will be able to understand his meaning of poetry. His work "To the Poets" was written in 1890 on the fifth of June