Ancient monument of architecture. Famous architectural monuments of Russia

When a person realized himself as a creator and he had the talent to depict using various materials, he embodied this skill in sculptural art. We can only admire the fruits of human creation and praise the most famous monuments of the world, which we will gladly do in this article. Next, we will talk about the most popular and exciting monuments, which to this day attract millions of tourists from all over the world.

Sphinx (Gize, Egypt)

This enigmatic monument raises more questions than it answers. Many scientists of the world are still at a loss and cannot understand how people could create such a monumental creation around 2400 BC. There is an opinion that a man with the body of a lion is the embodiment and symbol of the reign of the ancient pharaoh Khafre. The Egyptians, in a completely unimaginable way, managed to carve a sculpture 20 meters long and 72 meters long from limestone rock. But the main secret lies in the name of the sculpture - the Sphinx. Scientists have calculated that the word "sphinx" itself is of Greek origin, and it was assigned to the monument long after it was built.

Jesus Christ the Redeemer (Rio de Janeiro, Brazil)

The monument to Jesus Christ the Redeemer has long become the hallmark of the Brazilian capital Rio de Janeiro and the unchanging main symbol for the Brazilians themselves. Such an amazing pulling together effect of the monument was due to the solidarity of the citizens of Brazil, who donated their hard-earned money to finance its creation. Thus, the largest charitable project in Brazil managed to collect 2.5 million flights, for which the 38-meter monument was built. Work on the monument to Jesus Christ the Redeemer lasted ten years from 1921 to 1931. Now this monument is not only a symbol of the country for the Brazilians, but also the most impressive sculptural creation of mankind, which millions of tourists from all over the world come to see with their own eyes.

Genghis Khan (Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia)

A fifty-meter monument depicting Genghis Khan was built near the desert of Ulaanbaatar, which is located in Mongolia. The pedestal of this giant monument is surrounded by 36 strong columns and contains not only one of the largest historical museums in Mongolia, but also an entertainment complex for tourists. The monument has a significant historical character for the people of Mongolia. The monument itself was built relatively recently, already in the 21st century, but due to its impressive scale and excellent workmanship, it has gained great popularity among tourists and has already made it to the list of the most famous monuments in the world.

Buddha (Leshan, China)

The Leshan Buddha Monument is one of the oldest and most important monuments dedicated to the Buddhist religion. The Leshan Buddha sculpture was built in 713 AD. The gigantic 70-meter figure of the Buddha is hard to miss, because the monument is carved right in the middle of the rock in Lingyunshan Mountain. This world monument was created over a long 90 years and was opened to the eyes of people only in the 17th century, after the temple on the river bank near the rock was completely destroyed.

Statue of Liberty (New York, USA)

Few people know that the famous American symbol of freedom in New York is not the work of Americans at all. The Statue of Liberty is only a gift to the entire American people from the French government in honor of the centenary of the signing and promulgation of the US Declaration of Independence. The 93-meter-long Statue of Liberty, located near Manhattan, is not only the embodiment of will and democracy, but also acts as a symbol of human rights and the rule of law.

Motherland on Mamaev Kurgan (Volgograd, Russia)

Perhaps the main and most significant monument in Russia, built in honor of the Heroes of the Battle of Stalingrad on Mamaev Kurgan. The monument personifies the Motherland, which calls her sons into battle with the ruthless enemies. That's why her mouth is open. The Motherland is one of the most complex monuments in the world in terms of technical calculations regarding stability and reliability. The monument is a brilliant creation of the monumental sculptor Yevgeny Vuchetich.

Moai stone statues (Easter Island, Chile)

These famous stone statues of Easter Island, reaching up to 9 meters in length, along with the Egyptian Sphinx, are among the most mysterious monuments in the world. In total, there are 887 statues on the Chilean island, many of which were not even completed. All statues were made between the middle of the 11th and 14th centuries. That is why the statues are made in four completely different styles. And the later the statue was built, the more difficult it was made. Scientists around the world are still arguing among themselves about how such heavy statues were moved and placed in the right places.

Of course, there are still a huge number of monuments around the world, but, believe me, the monuments listed above are the most famous monuments that we wish every person on Earth to see with our own eyes.

Architectural monuments are objects that were created, as a rule, in honor of a significant event or an important person. The age of some is calculated in tens of years, while others still remember the Egyptian pharaohs. This review contains the most famous architectural monuments about which you can write the history of mankind.

1. Kaaba (Masjid al-Haram)


The Kaaba (Masjid al-Haram) is a cube-shaped building located in Mecca.

The Kaaba (Masjid al-Haram) is a cube-shaped building located in Mecca, Saudi Arabia. It is considered the most sacred place in Islam, as well as the oldest and most famous cultural monument in the world.


Muslim shrine Kaba.

The Qur'an states that the Kaaba was built by Abraham (Ibrahim in Arabic) and his son Ismail after the latter settled in Arabia. A mosque, the Masjid al-Haram, was built around this building. All Muslims around the world turn to face the Kaaba during prayers, no matter where they are.


Pilgrims at Kaba.

One of the five basic laws of Islam requires every Muslim to make the Hajj - a pilgrimage to Mecca at least once in their life. In this case, the Kaaba must be circumvented seven times counterclockwise (when viewed from above).

2. Taj Mahal


White marble mausoleum located in the city of Agra, India.

The Taj Mahal ("Crown of Palaces") is a white marble mausoleum located in the city of Agra, India. It was built by the Mughal Emperor Shah Jahan in memory of his third wife, Mumtaz Mahal. The Taj Mahal is widely regarded as "the jewel of Muslim art in India and one of the world's recognized masterpieces of world heritage". The area of ​​the Taj Mahal is about 221 hectares (38 hectares are occupied by the mausoleum itself and 183 hectares by the protected forest around it).

3. Egyptian pyramids


Egyptian pyramids.

A total of 138 pyramids have been discovered in Egypt. Most of them were built as tombs for pharaohs and their wives during the Old and Middle Kingdoms. These are one of the oldest famous cultural monuments.


View of the Egyptian pyramids from above.

The earliest known Egyptian pyramids were found at Saqqara, northwest of Memphis. And the oldest of them is the Pyramid of Djoser, built in 2630-2611 BC. e., during the third dynasty. This pyramid and the complex surrounding it were designed by the architect Imhotep and are generally considered to be the world's oldest monumental structures made of bricks with facings.

4. Great Wall of China


The great Wall of China.

The Great Wall of China is a series of fortifications made of stone, brick, rammed earth, wood, and other materials built along China's historic northern borders to protect the country from incursions by various warlike peoples.


Sculptures on the Great Wall of China.

Several walls were built as early as the 7th century BC and were later added to form what is today known as the Great Wall. Particularly famous is the part of the wall built between 220-206 BC. the first emperor of China, Qin Shi Huang (very little remains of her).

By the way, in the Middle Kingdom there are many more beautiful and interesting places in China that are worth seeing with your own eyes.

5. Angkor Thom (Greater Angkor)


Capital of the Khmer Empire

Angkor Thom is a 3 square kilometer walled royal city that was the last capital of the Khmer Empire. After Jayavarman VII retook Yashodharapura (the previous capital) from the invaders from Champa in 1181, he built a new imperial capital on the site of the ruined city. He started with existing surviving structures such as Bapuon and Thimeanakas and built a majestic walled city around them, adding a moated outer wall and some of the greatest temples of Angkor. There are five entrances (gates) to the city, one for each cardinal direction and the Gate of Victory leading to the area of ​​the Royal Palace. Each gate is crowned with four gigantic faces.

6. Acropolis of Athens


athenian acropolis

The Acropolis of Athens, also called "Kekropia" in Athens, is the most important site of the city and one of the most recognizable monuments in the world. This is the main landmark of ancient Greek culture, as well as the symbol of the city of Athens itself, since it represents the apogee of artistic development in the 5th century BC.

7. Chiang Kai-shek National Memorial Hall


Memorial to Chiang Kai-shek

The Chiang Kai-shek National Memorial Hall is a famous monument and local landmark erected in memory of Generalissimo Chiang Kai-shek, former President of the Republic of China. It is located in the Chinese city of Taipei. The monument, surrounded by a park, was built in the eastern part of Memorial Square. To the north is the National Theatre, and to the south is the National Concert Hall.

8. Potala Palace


Potala Palace

The Potala Palace is located in the city of Lhasa in Tibet. It is named after Mount Potalaka, the mythical abode of Chenrezig or Avalokiteshvara. The Potala Palace was the main residence of the Dalai Lama until the 14th Dalai Lama fled to Dharamsala, India, during the Chinese invasion of Tibet in 1959.

Ngawang Lobsang Gyatso, the fifth Grand Dalai Lama, began construction of the Potala Palace in 1645 after one of his spiritual advisors, Konchog Chopel, noted that the location between Drepung and Sera monasteries and the old city of Lhasa was ideal for the seat of government. The Potala was eventually built on the remains of an earlier fortress, called the White or Red Palace, built by King Songtsen Gampo of Tibet in 637. Today the Potala Palace is a museum.

9. Statue of Liberty


Statue of Liberty in the USA.

The Statue of Liberty was a gift of friendship from the people of France to the people of the United States of America, and it is a universal symbol of freedom and democracy. The Statue of Liberty was unveiled on October 28, 1886, and in 1924 it was recognized as a National Monument.

10. Sultan Ahmed Mosque


The Sultan Ahmed Mosque is a historic mosque in Istanbul, Turkey's largest city and the capital of the Ottoman Empire from 1453 to 1923. It is also commonly known as the "Blue Mosque" because of the blue tiles that line its walls.


Mosque interior.

The mosque was built from 1609 to 1616 during the reign of Ahmed I. Although it is still used as a mosque, the site has also become a popular tourist attraction.

Huge Russia is famous not only for its enviable dimensions and beautiful nature, but also for a large number of historical monuments that mark all the pages of the history of the state.

Monuments of Russia attract tourists to Moscow and St. Petersburg, make passers-by throw back their heads and admire the mighty pedestals and magnificent palaces. In order to see all the monuments, you will have to spend a decent amount of time on a tour throughout the country, because significant cultural monuments are installed not only in large cities, but also in tiny "home" towns. The most famous pedestals, of course, are located in the cultural centers of Russia, Moscow and St. Petersburg, so tourists most often direct their feet there. This article will list the most famous monuments in Russia, so that those who wish can choose the most interesting and make their own tourist route in accordance with their location.

Great Kremlin: Tsar Bell

Here tourists can find two significant monuments: the Tsar Bell and the Tsar Cannon.

These monuments amaze not only with their dimensions, but also with an entertaining history of creation. The Tsar Bell was born with the light hand of Empress Anna Ioannovna. It is possible that the empress wished to fit all her ambitions into the Tsar Bell, because when the desired size of the monument was announced, foreign craftsmen seriously thought that the empress deigned to joke. The desire of the Empress was taken seriously only by the Motorin family. They suffered setbacks with the creation of the bell, since the approval of the project alone took three whole years. The first casting ended in a complete collapse, which the elder Motorin could not stand. His son nevertheless brought the matter to an end, and now the Tsar Bell stands proudly above the paving stones. However, despite the huge amount of effort expended, the voice has never been heard.

Great Kremlin: Tsar Cannon

Russian monuments such as the Tsar Cannon, located on Ivanovskaya Square, attract tourists to the Kremlin area in any season of the year.

The Tsar Cannon was installed in honor of the Russian artillery. Its mass is very impressive - almost 40 tons. Initially, it was created to guard the Kremlin, but then it was decided that its military power allows it to ferociously destroy the walls, and not bravely defend them from the enemy. Like many military cultural monuments of Russia, the mighty Tsar Cannon never took part in hostilities, but still awes tourists and locals alike. On this occasion, they came up with a beautiful legend, which said that the Tsar Cannon nevertheless fired one shot, but not during hostilities. They say that the Tsar Cannon fired the ashes of False Dmitry, but there is no declared evidence for this assumption. In a sense, this monument has even become a household name, as even the inhabitants of the most remote hinterland have heard of it.

Church of the Intercession of the Mother of God

Some Russian cultural monuments can boast of entire collections of legends composed in their honor. For example, people composed many stories about the Church of the Intercession of the Mother of God.

All these legends were passed from mouth to mouth, therefore they were constantly embellished, and now it is already impossible to understand what is true and what is embellished fiction. Previously, on the site of the Temple, the Church of the Life-Giving Trinity towered. Over time, other small temples were built around it in honor of the victories of the Russian people. As a result, when about ten small churches had accumulated, Metropolitan Macarius proposed to Ivan the Terrible to build one large church in their place. The sanctuary was subjected to brutal destruction attempts several times, but they were all in vain. They banned services there, so that after some time they would be allowed again. The Church of the Intercession of the Mother of God is located in Moscow and is a must-see for those who want to find out what monuments there are in Russia and what would really be worth seeing.

Peter and Paul Fortress and pages of the history of St. Petersburg

St. Petersburg is famous for its culture, there are even numerous jokes about it on the net.

Visitors expect sophistication, courtesy and extreme friendliness from St. Petersburg residents and are very indignant when their expectations are not met. There are many beautiful monuments of Russian culture in St. Petersburg. One of the brightest is the Peter and Paul Fortress. Tourists who dream of seeing the best architectural monuments of Russia should definitely visit it. It is located in the very center of the city and is one of the main symbols of the history of the Russian land. The construction of the city began with the Peter and Paul Fortress in 1703, so its walls witnessed all the historical events that took place on the territory of the city of Peter. In the center of the fortress you can see the beautiful Peter and Paul Cathedral, which hides the secrets of the history of the Romanov dynasty. Near the cathedral is the Commandant cemetery, where many commandants of the Peter and Paul Fortress are buried.

"Millennium of Russia"

The monuments and sculptures of Russia amaze not only with their diversity and historical background, but also with the exceptional beauty of execution.

The Millennium of Russia monument, located in Veliky Novgorod, was erected here in honor of the millennium of the calling of the Varangians to the territory of Rus'. The monument was erected in 1862, approximately in September. It is not a sin to say that this monument represents the entire history of Russia, together with its many glorious commanders, statesmen and representatives of the world of culture. Many patriotic Russians believe that the Millennium of Russia monument reflects the spirit of their great country. The monument itself is made in the form of a ball-power, which is installed on a special pedestal in the form of a blagovest or a bell. Each part of this thematic monument symbolizes certain periods of Russian history, and the entire monument radiates pride for the country and symbolizes its greatness.

Manor Polivanovo: the estate of famous families

Truly great monuments of Russia have appeared on the territory of this state for a very long time.

For example, the Polivanovo estate has been standing on Russian soil since 1779. Next to the estate is the Church of the Annunciation, which witnessed the entire process of building the estate. The church was built in two years, and the estate began to be erected after the completion of its construction. The estate is located in the village of the same name, which got its name thanks to the glorious noble family of the Polivanovs. For all the time of its existence, the estate changed owners many times. The Dokhturovs, Saltykovs, Apraksins, Razumovskys, Davydovs and Gudovichs lived within its walls. Due to the fact that such famous families lived within the walls of the estate, the flow of tourists does not dry out here, gaining special intensity in the warm season. The Polivanovo estate is not only beautiful in itself, but also located in an extremely picturesque area on the banks of the Pakhra.

Monument to Sherlock Holmes and Doctor Watson in Moscow

In addition to monuments glorifying the great power of Russia, there are also many cultural monuments honoring the masterpieces of world cultural heritage. The monument to Sherlock Holmes and Dr. Watson appeared in the Russian capital quite recently, in 2007.

It so happened that it was installed just when Arthur Conan Doyle's first book about the adventures of the famous detective was celebrating its 120th anniversary. Not far from the monument is the building of the British Embassy, ​​so that tourists can, if they wish, feel the cultural authenticity of the monument. Despite this, the tourist’s attentive gaze does not escape the fact that Vitaly Solomin is also guessed in the facial features of the characters depicted on the monument. They say that all problems will disappear overnight if you sit between two characters and put your hand on Dr. Watson's notebook. Even though this belief did not materialize, it is still worth trying to solve your problems so simply.

Great monuments of a great ruler

In honor of the Russian ruler, monuments were erected not only in Russia, but also in many cities of Europe.

The most famous in Russia are located in St. Petersburg. Most often, tourists visit the monument with the bright name "The Bronze Horseman", which is familiar even to those who have never been to the city on the Neva. It has been towering over the Senate Square since 1782. Of course, many legends are connected with the "Bronze Horseman", in particular, about the St. Petersburg "mystical text". Because of its duality and seeming surrealism, the imagination of the Russian people has created the most incredible stories. The monument got its name thanks to the great writer Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin in accordance with his work of the same name. You can read a lot and for a long time about the monuments of Russia, but it is best to look at them with your own eyes. Words on paper will not be able to convey all the power and greatness that they radiate.

On the Day of Historical and Cultural Monuments, we recall the frightening and funny - the most popular architectural objects among tourists.

Moai on Easter Island

Stone statues, up to 9 m in height, live on the second largest island in the world from the mainland - Rapa Nui, or Easter Island, which belongs to Chile. There are a total of 887 statues on the island, some left unfinished in quarries - made between the mid-11th and 14th centuries. The statues are made in four different styles, and the later, the more sophisticated both their appearance and the way they were made. And about how the statues were moved and installed, there are still disputes.

Jesus the Redeemer in Rio de Janeiro

For more than 80 years of existence (the statue was opened in 1931), Christ was abused only once - in 2010, the inscription "Cat from home - mice dance" was applied to his face and hands. The height of the statue is only 38 m.

Statue of Liberty in New York

The symbol of New York stands on Liberty Island, south of Manhattan, and is a gift from the French on the anniversary of the Declaration of Independence. The statue was depicted by the French sculptor Frederic Auguste Bartholdi, and all constructive issues (designing frames and supports) were taken over by Gustave Eiffel, the author of the famous tower in Paris.

Motherland on Mamaev Kurgan in Volgograd

The main sculpture of the ensemble to the Heroes of the Battle of Stalingrad on Mamaev Kurgan calls his sons to fight the enemy - that is why her mouth is open. One of the most complex in terms of technical calculations of the stability of sculptures in the world. Creations of the brilliant sculptor-monumentalist Evgeny Viktorovich Vuchetich.

Great Sphinx at Giza

The head of a lion lying on the sand, according to scientists, was sculpted from the pharaoh Khafre - and although science still does not know the time of construction of this sculpture, there is logic in the fact that it was either during the life of Khafre, or after his death - in any case, we arrive at an approximate date of about 2400 BC. It is also unknown how the Egyptians themselves called this monument - the word "sphinx" is Greek, and appeared much later than the construction in Egypt.

Mermaid in Copenhagen

The Little Mermaid was made in 1913 by order of Carl Jacobsen, the son of the founder of the Carlsberg brewing company - he would like the ballet based on Andersen's fairy tale at the Copenhagen theater, he even asked the prima of the theater to pose for the sculptor, but she refused (did not want to pose naked, but it was necessary), and the sculptor Edward Erickson had to persuade his wife. This is one of the most long-suffering sculptures in the world - they just didn’t do anything with it: they sawed off the head and arm a couple of times, finished drawing the bra, inserted a dildo into the arm and even wrapped it in a veil.

Buddha statue in Leshan

One of the tallest Buddha statues in the world - 71 m high. The Buddha is carved into the rock - the work lasted 90 years, starting from 713. On the sides of the Buddha, about a hundred images of bodhisattvas are carved in the rock - enlightened beings who decide to become a Buddha.

Manneken Pis in Brussels

The height of one of the symbols of Brussels is only 61 cm. The boy Julien (that's his name) is surrounded by a number of traditions - on holidays the water in the fountain is replaced with wine or beer, from time to time Julien is dressed up in costumes. The list of costumes is posted regularly on the grate next to the sculpture. There are already about 800 suits in the boy's "wardrobe", including the uniform of the American Air Force, the outfit of Dracula, a judoka, and even a Ukrainian Cossack.

Spring Temple Buddha in China

The tallest sculpture in the world, a 128 m high copper statue, along with a 208 m pedestal. The monument's construction cost a total of $55 million and was China's response to the systematic destruction of Buddhist relics in Afghanistan - the construction of this Buddha was announced after the explosion by the Taliban of two Buddha statues in the Bamiyan Valley, these statues began to be built in the 2nd century, and finished two hundred years later.

Genghis Khan in Mongolia

The equestrian statue of Genghis Khan near Ulan Bator is the largest equestrian statue in the world - its height without a pedestal is 40 m. The monument is surrounded by 36 columns, according to the number of khans of the Mongol Empire from Genghis to Ligden Khan. The monument was unveiled in 2008.

7 chose

The Moscow Kremlin and Red Square, the historical center of St. Petersburg, the white-stone monuments of Vladimir and Suzdal, the Kremlin of Rostov the Great, the Kizhi Churchyard, Peterhof, Solovki, the Trinity-Sergius Lavra, the Nizhny Novgorod, Kolomna and Pskov Kremlin are the famous historical monuments of Russia, the list of which can be continued and further. Russia is a country with a huge cultural past, its history still keeps many secrets and mysteries, every stone of ancient Russian cities and monasteries breathes history, behind every human destiny. These autumn days, the multimedia project-competition "Russia 10" is coming to an end, giving us the opportunity to learn about the most famous and beautiful places in our country and in the first place - the main historical monuments of Russia, the wonders of architecture and architecture, the magical creations of the hands of Russian masters.

Kizhi

On one of the islands of Lake Onega in Karelia, the famous Kizhi churchyard is located: two wooden churches of the 18th century. and an octagonal wooden bell tower (1862). The architectural ensemble of Kizhi is an ode to Russian craftsmen, the pinnacle of carpentry, "wooden lace". According to legend, the Church of the Transfiguration was built with one ax, which the master threw into Lake Onega, finishing his work without a single nail. Kizhi is the real Eighth wonder of the world.

The main historical value of Rus' is the hands of its masters...

Tsar Bell and Tsar Cannon

The Moscow Kremlin is a real treasury of monuments of Russian history and culture. Some of them are the Tsar Bell and the Tsar Cannon. They are famous not only for their size, but also for their amazing history…

The Tsar Bell was ordered to be cast by Empress Anna Ioannovna. At her request, foreign craftsmen were supposed to do this, but when they heard the required dimensions of the bell, they considered the desire of the empress ... a joke! Well, who cares, and who cares. The father and son of Motorina, the bell-maker, set to work. It was not so long that they created a project, as the approval of the Moscow Senate office that followed it, which lasted as much as 3 years! The first attempt to cast the bell was unsuccessful and ended in an explosion and the destruction of the furnace structure, and after that one of the craftsmen, Father Ivan Motorin, died. The second casting of the bell happened to be carried out by the master's son Mikhail Motorin, and three months later, on November 25, 1735, the birth of the famous bell took place. The bell weighed about 202 tons, its height was 6 meters 14 centimeters, and its diameter was 6 meters 60 centimeters.

They took a piss, but they did not raise it! During a fire in 1737, a piece of the bell, which was still in the smelting pit, broke off - weighing more than 11 tons. The Tsar Bell was raised from the casting pit only in 1836, thanks to Montferrand, who knew a lot about lifting heavy structures. However, Rus' did not hear the voice of the Tsar Bell ...

Tsar Cannon on Ivanovskaya Square is considered a monument to Russian artillery. The length of the bronze gun is 5 meters 34 centimeters, the barrel diameter is 120 centimeters, the caliber is 890 millimeters, and the weight is almost 40 tons. The formidable weapon was supposed to protect the Moscow Kremlin from the side of the Execution Ground, but, according to weapons specialists, in its power it was suitable for destroying the fortress walls, but not for defense. Cast by the famous foundry master Andrei Chokhov in 1586 under Fyodor Ioannovich, she never took part in the hostilities. According to legend, it was shot only once - with the ashes of False Dmitry.

Mother Rus', everything is special for her - and the tsar cannon does not shoot and the tsar bell does not sound the gospel ...

Church of the Intercession of the Mother of God

On the day of the Intercession of the Mother of God in 1552, Russian troops stormed Kazan, the capital of the Kazan Khanate. Ivan the Terrible, in honor of this event, ordered the construction of the Church of the Intercession in Moscow. How many legends and legends are associated with him ...

Previously, another church stood on this site - the Church of the Life-Giving Trinity, where Basil the Blessed, the most revered fool in Rus', who collected alms for the construction of this temple, rested. Later, others began to build around the Trinity Church - in honor of the most significant victories of Russian weapons. When there were already about ten of them, the Moscow Metropolitan Macarius came to Ivan the Terrible with a request to build one large church on this site.

The central tent of the Church of the Intercession of the Mother of God was the first to be consecrated, then a small church was completed on the grave of the holy fool, and the temple began to be called St. Basil's Cathedral. The cathedral symbolizes Heavenly Jerusalem - its 8 chapters create the eight-pointed star of Bethlehem. According to legend, at the end of construction, which lasted 6 years, the king, delighted with the unprecedented beauty of the temple, asked the builders if they could do something similar. The retribution for an affirmative answer was the blinding of the masters by order of the sovereign, so that there was nothing more beautiful on earth ....

Several times they tried to destroy the Temple, services in it were forbidden and allowed again, but it withstood for centuries, as the Russian land withstood all troubles.

The Church of the Intercession of the Mother of God is a beautiful and many-sided Holy Rus'.

Peter-Pavel's Fortress

The Peter and Paul Fortress is the core of the city on the Neva, a historical, architectural and military engineering monument, one of the main symbols of Russian history. It was from Petropavlovka on May 16, 1703 that the construction of the city of Peter began. All of it is history, the history of wars and revolutions, faith and love. Its bastions bear the names of the associates of Peter the Great: Menshikov, Golovkin, Zotov, Trubetskoy, Naryshkin and Sovereign bastions.

In the center of the fortress is the Peter and Paul Cathedral - a symbol of the formation of a new city in Russia. It contains the history of the Imperial House of the Romanovs, the cathedral became the necropolis of Russian emperors, where their ashes from Peter I to Nicholas II are buried. Near the walls of the Cathedral is the Commandant's Cemetery, where 19 commandants of the Peter and Paul Fortress (out of 32 who served it) are buried.

The fortress was both the defense of the Northern capital and its state prison: the prisoners of the Trubetskoy bastion were Tsarevich Alexei, the Decembrists, Chernyshevsky, Kostsyushko and Dostoevsky, Narodnaya Volya, ministers of the Russian Empire, Social Revolutionaries and Bolsheviks.

Petropavlovka, like Russia itself, is both an intercessor and a prison, but, nevertheless, the Motherland ...

Monument "Millennium of Russia"

The Millennium of Russia monument was erected in Veliky Novgorod opposite the St. Sophia Cathedral and the former building of the Offices in 1862 in honor of the millennial anniversary of the legendary calling of the Varangians to Rus'. The anniversary of its opening is celebrated in these September days.

Authors of the monument project: sculptors Mikhail Mikeshin, Ivan Shroeder and architect Viktor Hartman. To create a monument-symbol of the history of Russia, a competition was announced, for which several dozen works were submitted. The project of young sculptors - M. O. Mikeshin, who graduated from the Academy just a year ago, and I. N. Schroeder, a volunteer student of the sculptural class of the Academy of Arts, won.