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Biography. Salizhan Shakirovich Sharipov: biography The first cosmonaut from Kyrgyzstan

Salizhan Sharipov, hero of Russia, cosmonaut (born in 1964 in the Kyrgyz SSR). In 1990, he was selected to the corps of Soviet cosmonauts at the Cosmonaut Training Center named after. Yu. A. Gagarin. He made his first flight in 1998 on the American ship Endeavor. The second was as commander of the Soyuz TMA-5 spacecraft and flight engineer of the 10th main expedition to the International Space Station. During the flight, Sharipov went into outer space twice.

Salizhan Sharipov(88th cosmonaut in Russia and 372nd in the world) told Stolichnost that it’s not about significance, but about true love for his profession.

Madina Amagova, “Capitality”: Salizhan Shakirovich, is it difficult to become an astronaut? What do you need for this besides good health?

You need knowledge and good education to operate modern technology. Naturally, dedication and hard work, desire and ability to overcome difficulties are required.

Is it true that pilots can no longer imagine themselves in another profession, because the sensations in the sky are incomparable to any other?

Of course, you want to work in your specialty all your life, but the requirements for fighter pilots are very high. When you perform aerobatic maneuvers, you experience both physical and psychological overload. That’s why we count a year of service as two. Consequently, military pilots can retire at age 35.

- Tell us about your first flight. Have you been preparing for it for a long time?

- More than eight years, although the flight itself did not last long - eight days. It was the American ship Endeavor, and I participated in the expedition as a specialist.

- How does your family feel about the fact that you are away from home for a long time?

An astronaut is not a profession, but a way of life that requires full dedication. Of course, my family was always worried about me and worried. But the family endures the separation with dignity. My lack of attention, fortunately, did not affect the upbringing of my children, and I must thank my wife for this.

- Tell us about your feelings during the expeditions. What is space like?

It was a dream since childhood to become an astronaut, so the moment of liftoff during the first flight became especially exciting for me. Imagine 2 thousand tons leaving the ground and soaring into the sky. The speed quickly increases to 28 thousand km/h, and then weightlessness sets in. This feeling is hardly possible to convey in words. But I know for sure that you can give 20, 30, or even 40 years of your life for this moment. Our planet is beautiful, it is incredibly beautiful. If all people saw our Earth from space, it seems to me that we would never have wars.

- Do astronauts have any signs before a flight?

There are actually a lot of them. For example, the day before the start we definitely watch the film “White Sun of the Desert”. According to numerous observations: if you don’t watch it, the crew has a lot of emergency situations. And of course, at the moment of separation, we all, like Yuri Gagarin, say: “Let's go!”

- Are spacesuits made for each person individually? How much does this “special clothing” weigh?

This is a very complex process, fittings are done many times. The weight of the spacesuit for spacewalk is approximately 100 kg. Each astronaut has his own individual “suit”. After the end of the flights, all spacesuits are transferred to the museum.

- Is it difficult to be in zero gravity?

I can’t say it’s difficult, but you constantly feel like you’re in motion. My second flight into space lasted 193 days, and I realized that for me the most difficult thing in weightlessness was sleeping. We crawl into a sleeping bag and make sure to tie ourselves to something so we don’t move all the time.

- What did you see in outer space?

- When we are inside the station, little is visible. And in outer space it’s a little scary, because the entire horizon of the Earth is in full view. I have never seen such a black color as in space, especially against the background of the blue Earth.

- Why do you think modern youth don’t dream of space?

Probably there is no proper propaganda. And now it is difficult to get young people to work long and hard to fly into space. Young people are hunting for easy money. Football players earn millions, but astronauts earn very little; there is not a single millionaire among us.

- In your opinion, does space tourism have a future?

Of course have. From there, the borders are not visible, but the thin layer of atmosphere that protects life on Earth is clearly visible. And it’s very clear how badly people treat nature; you can even see oil spills. The earth is so small, fragile, beautiful, we must protect and take care of it.

Therefore, I would like as many people as possible to see our planet from space.

CAPITALITY No. 4 (53), April 08, 2014

Published by JSC "Arguments and Facts"

Birthday August 24, 1964

Russian cosmonaut, Hero of the Russian Federation

Biography

In 1981, he graduated from high school there and went to enter the Orenburg Aviation School, but did not pass the competition.

In 1982 he graduated from a vocational school in the city of Andijan, Uzbek SSR, with a degree in accountant.

Also in 1982, he was called up for military service in the Soviet Army and served in the technical unit of an aviation regiment in the Primorsky Territory. From the troops he entered the Kharkov Higher Military Aviation School of Pilots named after twice Hero of the Soviet Union S.I. Gritsevets. After graduating in 1987, he served as an instructor pilot in the 716th training aviation regiment of the Air Force of the Central Asian Military District. Has a total flight time on various types of aircraft of about 950 hours.

In 1990, he was selected into the corps of Soviet cosmonauts (1990 Air Force Group No. 10) of the Cosmonaut Training Center named after. Yu. A. Gagarin. Completed a full training course for flights on Soyuz TM series spacecraft and the Mir orbital station as a spacecraft commander. Without interrupting his work at the Cosmonaut Training Center, he graduated from Moscow State University in 1994 with a degree in Cartography.

In the summer of 1997, he arrived in the United States to prepare for a flight aboard the American Space Shuttle. From January 23 to January 31, 1998, he made a space flight as a flight specialist for the Endeavor spacecraft under the STS-89 program lasting 8 days 19 hours 46 minutes 54 seconds. During the flight, a docking was made with the Russian Mir orbital complex.

He made his second space flight as commander of the Soyuz TMA-5 spacecraft and flight engineer of the 10th main expedition on the International Space Station from October 14, 2004 to April 25, 2005. During the flight he made 2 spacewalks.

From October 2005 to May 2006 he was a representative of the Cosmonaut Training Center. Yu. A. Gagarin at the Johnson Space Center in Houston, USA. Subsequently, he trained at the Yu. A. Gagarin Cosmonaut Training Center, and since November 2006 - deputy commander of the Center's cosmonaut corps. He was the commander of the backup crews of the Soyuz TM-29 and Soyuz TM-30 spacecraft. In July 2008, he was relieved of his post as deputy commander of the cosmonaut corps, removed from the cosmonaut corps and appointed head of the department in the First Directorate of the Cosmonaut Training Center. Yu. A. Gagarin.

For the successful implementation of space flights he was awarded high government awards from the Russian Federation, Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan and Tajikistan. Married. Has a son and daughter. He is interested in football and loves reading.

Awards

Hero of the Russian Federation (decree of September 13, 2005).
Medal “For Merit in Space Exploration” (April 12, 2011) - for great achievements in the field of research, development and use of outer space, many years of conscientious work, active social activities
Hero of the Kyrgyz Republic with the presentation of the Order “Ak Shumkar” (decree of February 3, 1998).
Order “Buyuk hizmatlari uchun” (“For outstanding services”) (Uzbekistan, decree of April 29, 1999).
Order "Amir Timur" (Uzbekistan).
Medal "For Space Flight" (NASA, awarded in 1998).
Medal “Russian-Kyrgyz Friendship” (Kyrgyzstan, 2011).

Sharipov Salizhan Shakirovich - Russian cosmonaut, commander of the Soyuz TMA-5 spacecraft and flight engineer of the 10th expedition to the ISS, colonel.
Born on August 24, 1964 in the city of Uzgen, Osh region of Kyrgyzstan. Kyrgyz. In 1981 he graduated from high school in the city of Uzgen. That same year I tried to enter the Orenburg Aviation School, but did not get the required passing scores.
In 1982, he graduated from Andijan Secondary Vocational School and received a degree in accounting. He served in an air unit in the Primorsky Territory, servicing and preparing combat vehicles for flight.
In 1987, he graduated from the Kharkov Higher Military Aviation School of Pilots, receiving a diploma as a pilot engineer with a specialty in Command Tactical Fighter Aviation.
From 1987 to 1990, he served as an instructor pilot of the 716th training aviation regiment of the 5th Central Courses for the training and improvement of aviation personnel of the Air Force of the Central Asian Military District in the city of Tokmak. During his service, he taught flying to 8 cadets.
On May 11, 1990, at a meeting of the State Interdepartmental Commission, he was recommended for enrollment in the cosmonaut corps of the Air Force Cosmonaut Training Center. On August 8, 1990, by order of the USSR Minister of Defense No. 1142, he was appointed to the position of candidate test cosmonaut of the 4th group of the cosmonaut corps of the Air Force Cosmonaut Training Center.
From October 1990 to March 1992, he underwent general space training. On March 6, 1992, he passed his last final exam. On March 11, 1992, by decision of the Interdepartmental Qualification Commission, he was awarded the qualification of “test cosmonaut”.
On April 24, 1992 he was appointed test cosmonaut of the 2nd group. From April 1992 to 1997, he underwent training in the D-8-2 cosmonaut group under the flight program to the Mir orbital complex.
In 1994, he graduated from the Aerospace Ecology Faculty of the State Academy of Oil and Gas with a degree in Associated Processing of Aerospace Ecology Materials. He received the qualification of an "ecological engineer" and a master's degree in environmental management.
On July 28, 1997, by decision of the State Interdepartmental Commission, he was selected for a shuttle flight. From August 1997 to January 1998, he trained as a flight specialist as part of the STS-89 crew at the Johnson Space Center.
From January 23 to January 31, 1998, he made his first space flight as a flight specialist for the shuttle Endeavor STS-89. The main objective of the flight was docking with the Mir station and replacing the American crew member. The flight duration was 8 days 19 hours 46 minutes 54 seconds.
On February 28, 1998, by decision of the State Interdepartmental Commission, he was appointed commander of the backup crew under the program of the 27th main expedition on the Mir orbital complex (EO-27). From March 1998 to February 1999 he underwent flight training.
On February 28, 1998, by decision of the State Interdepartmental Commission, he was appointed commander of the backup crew under the program of the 28th main expedition on the Mir orbital complex (EO-28). From March 1999 to March 2000, he underwent flight training with.
Since June 5, 2000, he was trained as the commander of the main crew under the program of the 29th main expedition at the Mir orbital complex (EO-29) together with. However, on December 26, 2000, their crew was removed from training by a decision of the interdepartmental commission.
On August 1, 2001, at a meeting of the Interdepartmental Commission, he was included in the backup crew of ISS-6D. Since November 25, 2002, he underwent training at the Cosmonaut Training Center as part of the ISS-EP5 group under the crew commander program. He was included in the ISS-10 crew, but after the Columbia shuttle disaster, the crews were reorganized.
On December 11, 2003, by decision of the International Commission, he was included in the ISS-11 as a crew commander, although in November 2003 he began training as a member of the ISS-9D backup crew. But already on January 15, 2004, after Russian doctors did not allow William McArthur from ISS-9 to take part in a long flight, the crews were reorganized again.
S.Sh. Sharipov was assigned to the backup crew of ISS-9D and the prime crew of ISS-11. However, at the end of January the crews were changed again. S.Sh. Sharipov ended up on the backup crew of ISS-9D and the main crew of ISS-10.
From October 14, 2004 to April 25, 2005, he made his second space flight as commander of the Soyuz TMA-5 spacecraft and flight engineer of the 10th expedition to the ISS. During the flight he performed two spacewalks. The flight duration was 192 days 19 hours 1 minute 59 seconds.
U By the Decree of the President of the Russian Federation No. 1068 of September 13, 2005, Salizhan Shakirovich Sharipov was awarded the title of Hero of the Russian Federation for the successful implementation of an international space flight and the courage and heroism displayed.
From October 2005 to May 2006 he worked at the Lyndon Johnson Space Center (USA) as a representative of the RGNII TsPK named after

Salizhan Shakirovich Sharipov(was born 24 August ( 19640824 ) ) in the Osh region of the Kirghiz SSR. Russian cosmonaut, Hero of the Russian Federation, Hero of the Republic of Kyrgyzstan. Uzbek by nationality.

Biography

In 2012, he became the subject of the documentary film “Muslims of whom Russia is proud” Film two. Salizhan Sharipov's finest hour. .

For the successful implementation of space flights he was awarded high government awards from the Russian Federation, Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan and Tajikistan.

Married. Has a son and daughter. He is interested in football and loves reading.

Awards

Hero of the Russian Federation (decree of September 13, 2005).
Medal "For Merit in Space Exploration" (April 12, 2011) - for great services in the field of research, development and use of outer space, many years of conscientious work, active social activities
Hero of the Kyrgyz Republic with the presentation of the Order “Ak Shumkar” (decree of February 3).
Order "Buyuk hizmatlari uchun" ("For outstanding services") (Uzbekistan, decree of April 29).
Order "Amir Timur" (Uzbekistan).
2 medals “For space flight” (NASA, awarded to).
NASA Distinguished Public Service Medal, 2005
Medal "Russian-Kyrgyz Friendship" (Kyrgyzstan,).

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Links

. Website "Heroes of the Country".



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Excerpt characterizing Sharipov, Salizhan Shakirovich

- A? Right?..what do you think, or leave it? Or not?
-Would you like to turn it back?
- Turn back, turn back! - Count Orlov suddenly said decisively, looking at his watch, “it will be late, it’s quite light.”
And the adjutant galloped through the forest after Grekov. When Grekov returned, Count Orlov Denisov, excited by this canceled attempt, and by the vain wait for the infantry columns, which still did not show up, and by the proximity of the enemy (all the people of his detachment felt the same), decided to attack.
He commanded in a whisper: “Sit down!” They distributed themselves, crossed themselves...
- With God blessing!
“Hurray!” - there was a rustle through the forest, and, one hundred after another, as if pouring out of a bag, the Cossacks flew cheerfully with their darts at the ready, across the stream to the camp.
One desperate, frightened cry from the first Frenchman who saw the Cossacks - and everyone in the camp, unclothed and sleepy, abandoned their cannons, rifles, horses and ran anywhere.
If the Cossacks had pursued the French, not paying attention to what was behind and around them, they would have taken Murat and everything that was there. The bosses wanted this. But it was impossible to move the Cossacks from their place when they got to the booty and prisoners. Nobody listened to the commands. One thousand five hundred prisoners, thirty-eight guns, banners and, most importantly for the Cossacks, horses, saddles, blankets and various items were immediately taken. All this had to be dealt with, the prisoners and guns had to be seized, the booty had to be divided, shouting, even fighting among themselves: the Cossacks did all this.
The French, no longer being pursued, began to gradually come to their senses, gathered in teams and began to shoot. Orlov Denisov expected all the columns and did not advance further.
Meanwhile, according to the disposition: “die erste Colonne marschiert” [the first column is coming (German)], etc., the infantry troops of the late columns, commanded by Bennigsen and controlled by Toll, set out as they should and, as always happens, arrived somewhere , but not where they were assigned. As always happens, people who had gone out cheerfully began to stop; Displeasure was heard, a sense of confusion was heard, and we moved somewhere back. The adjutants and generals who rode by shouted, got angry, quarreled, said that they were completely in the wrong place and were late, scolded someone, etc., and finally, everyone gave up and went off only to go somewhere else. “We’ll come somewhere!” And indeed, they came, but not to the right place, and some went there, but were so late that they came without any benefit, only to be shot at. Toll, who in this battle played the role of Weyrother at Austerlitz, diligently galloped from place to place and everywhere found everything topsy-turvy. So he galloped towards Baggovut’s corps in the forest, when it was already quite daylight, and this corps should have been there long ago, with Orlov Denisov. Excited, upset by the failure and believing that someone was to blame for this, Tol galloped up to the corps commander and sternly began to reproach him, saying that he should be shot for this. Baggovut, an old, militant, calm general, also exhausted by all the stops, confusions, contradictions, to the surprise of everyone, completely contrary to his character, flew into a rage and said unpleasant things to Tolya.
“I don’t want to take lessons from anyone, but I know how to die with my soldiers no worse than anyone else,” he said and went forward with one division.
Having entered the field under French shots, the excited and brave Baggovut, not realizing whether his entry into the matter now was useful or useless, and with one division, went straight and led his troops under the shots. Danger, cannonballs, bullets were exactly what he needed in his angry mood. One of the first bullets killed him, the next bullets killed many soldiers. And his division stood for some time under fire without benefit.

Meanwhile, another column was supposed to attack the French from the front, but Kutuzov was with this column. He knew well that nothing but confusion would come out of this battle that had begun against his will, and, as far as it was in his power, he held back the troops. He didn't move.
Kutuzov rode silently on his gray horse, lazily responding to proposals to attack.
“You’re all about attacking, but you don’t see that we don’t know how to do complex maneuvers,” he said to Miloradovich, who asked to go forward.
“They didn’t know how to take Murat alive in the morning and arrive at the place on time: now there’s nothing to do!” - he answered the other.
When Kutuzov was informed that in the rear of the French, where, according to the Cossacks’ reports, there had been no one before, there were now two battalions of Poles, he glanced back at Yermolov (he had not spoken to him since yesterday).
“They ask for an offensive, they propose various projects, but as soon as you get down to business, nothing is ready, and the forewarned enemy takes his own measures.”
Ermolov narrowed his eyes and smiled slightly when he heard these words. He realized that the storm had passed for him and that Kutuzov would limit himself to this hint.
“He’s having fun at my expense,” Ermolov said quietly, nudging Raevsky, who was standing next to him, with his knee.
Soon after this, Ermolov moved forward to Kutuzov and respectfully reported:
- Time has not been lost, your lordship, the enemy has not left. What if you order an attack? Otherwise the guards won’t even see the smoke.
Kutuzov said nothing, but when he was informed that Murat’s troops were retreating, he ordered an offensive; but every hundred steps he stopped for three quarters of an hour.
The whole battle consisted only in what Orlov Denisov’s Cossacks did; the rest of the troops only lost several hundred people in vain.
As a result of this battle, Kutuzov received a diamond badge, Bennigsen also received diamonds and a hundred thousand rubles, others, according to their ranks, also received a lot of pleasant things, and after this battle even new movements were made at headquarters.
“This is how we always do things, everything is topsy-turvy!” - Russian officers and generals said after the Tarutino battle, - exactly the same as they say now, making it feel like someone stupid is doing it this way, inside out, but we wouldn’t do it that way. But people who say this either do not know the matter they are talking about or are deliberately deceiving themselves. Every battle - Tarutino, Borodino, Austerlitz - is not carried out as its managers intended. This is an essential condition.
An innumerable number of free forces (for nowhere is a person freer than during a battle, where it is a matter of life and death) influences the direction of the battle, and this direction can never be known in advance and never coincides with the direction of any one force.
If many, simultaneously and variously directed forces act on some body, then the direction of movement of this body cannot coincide with any of the forces; and there will always be an average, shortest direction, what in mechanics is expressed by the diagonal of a parallelogram of forces.
If in the descriptions of historians, especially French ones, we find that their wars and battles are carried out according to a certain plan in advance, then the only conclusion that we can draw from this is that these descriptions are not true.

Born into an Uzbek family in the city of Uzgen, Osh region (Kyrgyzstan). In 1981, he graduated from high school there and went to enter the Orenburg Aviation School, but did not pass the competition. In 1982 he graduated from a vocational school in the city of Andijan, Uzbek SSR, with a degree in accountant.

From October 2005 to May 2006 he was a representative of the Cosmonaut Training Center. Yu. A. Gagarin at the Johnson Space Center in Houston, USA. Subsequently, he trained at the Yu.A. Gagarin Cosmonaut Training Center, and since November 2006, he has been deputy commander of the Center’s cosmonaut corps. He was the commander of the backup crews of the Soyuz TM-29 and Soyuz TM-30 spacecraft. In July 2008, he was relieved of his post as deputy commander of the cosmonaut corps, removed from the cosmonaut corps and appointed head of the department in the First Directorate of the Cosmonaut Training Center. Yu. A. Gagarin.

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