How to open a wheelchair. Means for rehabilitation of disabled people

A guide dog with a set of equipment is included in the list of “technical rehabilitation means.” Photo: Deacon Andrey Radkevich

There are things that a disabled person cannot do without. There are also those that simply improve the quality of his life. In the language of doctors and lawyers, these items are called “technical means of rehabilitation.” The state guarantees the provision of many of them free of charge. However, in order to get the necessary device quickly and without problems, you must follow certain “rules of the game.”

Wheelchair

Elena Zablotskis, a lawyer at the Center for Curative Pedagogy, told us what steps parents should take to get the necessary type of wheelchair for a disabled child.

Step 1. Preparation for medical and social examination

The inclusion of any technical means of rehabilitation (TSR) in an individual rehabilitation or habilitation program (IPRA) occurs in the process of a medical and social examination (MSE).

After passing the ITU, a person receives two documents: a certificate of disability and an IPRA. In order for the last paper to be filled out correctly, this must be taken care of even when the family first contacts the child’s attending physician about establishing a disability.

According to the standard procedure, the child is sent for medical examination to all necessary doctors. It is important for parents to ensure that all doctors write down their recommendations in as much detail as possible. If we are talking about a wheelchair, then the specialized doctor may be a neurologist, orthopedist, surgeon, and this specialist should in detail describe what kind of stroller the child needs.

There is a document that doctors usually follow: this is the “List of indications and contraindications for providing disabled people with technical means of rehabilitation.” It lists the diseases for which certain TSRs are issued, as well as contraindications for which the use of a particular technical device is prohibited for the patient. However, it is still necessary to remind the doctor to write down recommendations.

Elena Zablotskis advises not to limit yourself to visiting one specialist, but to contact different medical organizations, including non-state ones, with the appropriate license. In this case, the doctor preparing the referral for medical examination must provide absolutely all the collected recommendations, although he is not obliged to include each of them in the document, since he has the right to his own professional opinion.

Step 2. Medical and social examination

Having received the referral, parents go to register their child for ITU. It is important to attach to the document copies of those recommendations that were not included in it, continues Elena Zablotskis. Copies must be accompanied by a statement: we ask you to take into account the recommendations of such and such specialists when conducting ITU.

During the MSA, an individual rehabilitation or habilitation program (IPRA) is drawn up. In the form of this document there is a section dedicated to TSD, which is divided into three subsections for children with disabilities (two for adults). The first is TSR, which is provided from the federal budget and is included in the federal list. The second is TSR, which is provided at the expense of the constituent entity of the Russian Federation (each region has a separate list), or at its own expense. The third is rehabilitation services and means that can be purchased using maternity capital funds.

Parents need to familiarize themselves in advance with all the lists - both federal and regional, and with the list of what can be obtained from maternity capital. And then ask the ITU - preferably in writing, registering your request as an incoming document - to include everything necessary in the IPRA.

Why do this? Doctors do not always thoroughly study these lists, notes Elena Zablotskis.

Elena Zablotskis, lawyer at the Center for Curative Pedagogy. Photo from the site ccp.org.ru

In addition, parents must ensure that the characteristics of the required stroller are adequately reflected in the IPRA. This may be especially important for children with multiple developmental disorders. A stroller that does not meet the child's needs poses risks of secondary complications.

If the IPRA does not include a TSR with the characteristics necessary for the child, then this document can be appealed within a month. The basis for appeal is the recommendation of a specialist.

Step 3. Obtaining a technical tool

In the regions, the authorized body issuing TSR may be the Social Insurance Fund or the executive body of a constituent entity of the federation (department of social protection, for example).

A statement is written: I ask you to provide me with such and such TSR in accordance with the IPRA.

If there are strollers available that are suitable in their characteristics for a particular child, then one of them is selected. If they are not available, then the authorized body must hold tenders for the purchase of appropriate strollers.

This is where the IPRA recommendations come to the fore - how detailed they are. The parent may be told: there are only such strollers, take them, there will be no others. If the proposed stroller does not comply with IPRA recommendations, then the parent writes a statement and simply states this fact. If the stroller is not suitable only from the parent’s point of view, then he will have to write in detail in his application why the stroller is not suitable, maybe even consult a doctor again so that he can more accurately list the characteristics of the required TSR.

It happens that receiving TSR is delayed. In this case, you need to complain to a higher authority, according to subordination, the lawyer advises. If you have already complained everywhere, but “things are still there,” then you need to go to the prosecutor’s office.

Step 4. If you bought TCP yourself

You can buy a wheelchair for a disabled child yourself, and then receive compensation from the state. Elena Zablotskis recommends first requesting in writing the amount of compensation for a specific type of stroller. This size is determined based on the last purchase. That is, they will give you exactly as much money as the state spent on a similar product the last time it purchased it.

If, after receiving an answer, the family decides to buy TCP on its own, it is important to ensure that the purchase documents are completed properly. They should clearly show which stroller was purchased.

Then the family applies to the authorized body with an application for compensation, attaching documents about the purchase. If payment of compensation is delayed, the lawyer again advises writing complaints or even contacting the prosecutor's office.

Step 5: The wheelchair is broken.

This situation is regulated by law. If the wheelchair is out of order, you need to contact the authorized body (the department of social protection or the Social Insurance Fund, depending on the region) with an application for a medical and technical examination. Specialists will evaluate the TSR from the point of view of the possibility of its repair. Based on their conclusion, the wheelchair will be repaired at public expense, or a new one will be issued.

Parents can repair the TSR themselves, based on the conclusion of a medical and technical examination, and then receive compensation.

Indications and contraindications

According to the law, indications for receiving a wheelchair may be persistent “pronounced” or “significantly expressed” (II and I disability groups) impairments of motor functions caused by diseases of the joints, spine, central and peripheral nervous system. Violations of the same degree of severity of the functions of blood circulation, respiration, digestion, metabolism, etc. As well as “moderate” impairments (disability group III) associated with the amputation of one hip or two feet.

If there are “pronounced” impairments in the functions of the upper extremities, as well as in the case of systemic diseases of the musculoskeletal system and certain disorders of the circulatory and respiratory functions, the use of an electric wheelchair is recommended.

This type of TSR is contraindicated if the disabled person cannot sit. Additionally, power wheelchairs should not be used if the patient has a severe mental disorder or certain other medical conditions.

Terms for which wheelchairs are issued: indoor with manual drive - at least 6 years; walking ones with manual drive – at least 4 years; with electric drive – at least 5 years.

Diapers for adults

Step 1

The general practitioner at the district clinic makes an entry in the card about the need to undergo medical examination. He also issues a “message sheet” with which the patient begins visiting doctors to develop an IPRA.

Step 2

The IPRA is compiled by the ITU Bureau. This document must be hand-delivered along with a “pink” certificate of disability.

If a person does not agree with the content of the IPRA, he can appeal it to the higher ITU Bureau.

Step 3

Absorbent underwear and diapers are issued at the TSR Issue Point at the territorial social service center (TSSC) for IPRA. When registering for service at the TCSO, you will need a passport, a certificate of disability, an IPRA, a passport of the authorized person receiving the TSR, SNILS, and a medical policy.

When receiving this type of TSR, only one difficulty may arise: it is issued once a month, for the entire month. Therefore, transport or assistants are needed for home delivery (this rule applies to the TCSO that provided the information; perhaps in other places you can receive absorbent underwear and diapers more often than once a month).

You can buy this type of TSR yourself, and then receive compensation at the selling prices of the Department of Labor and Social Protection; the exact amount must be found out when you receive the TSR. Previously, prices varied, but now they practically do not differ.

Indications and contraindications

Diapers are given to disabled people with severe or significantly severe (group II and I) dysfunction of excretion. A contraindication is an allergic reaction to the diaper material. The period of use of the product is no more than 8 hours.

Telephone device with text output

Head of the rehabilitation department of the All-Russian Society of the Deaf Alexander Ivanov. Photo from rgsu.ne

Head of the rehabilitation department of the All-Russian Society of the Deaf Alexander Ivanov told “Mercy.ru” what “stumbling blocks” can be encountered when receiving technical means of rehabilitation for the deaf.

“At one time, we ensured that the federal list of technical means and services for the disabled, which are provided free of charge, included telephones with text output, televisions with teletext, hearing aids, light and vibration sound alarms,” he said.

Regional branches of the society are ready to assist disabled people in obtaining all these devices, as well as in obtaining sign language translation services, Ivanov recalled. Why is such help needed?

Medical and social examination staff can simply don't fit in in IPRA, a device necessary for a specific person. “Why does a deaf person need a telephone,” they reason, explained Ivanov. – We say that this is nonsense. After all, you can send SMS and video images. Mobile phones are essential for the deaf.”

If a disabled person buys the necessary telephone device for himself, he should be prepared for the fact that the size compensation may turn out to be very small. For example, 800 rubles, while phones with the necessary characteristics are much more expensive. Although, in some regions they purchase fairly high-quality technical equipment for the deaf, the expert noted.

Alexander Ivanov recommends seeking advice from the regional branches of the Society of the Deaf at the stage of preparation for the ITU and the preparation of the IPRA. The fact is that in addition to the federal list of TSRs issued to disabled people at the expense of the state, each region has its own list. It is possible that some types of technical devices needed by the deaf can be found there.

Ivanov also advises people with hearing impairments to come to the ITU accompanied by sign language interpreter to eliminate any misunderstanding on the part of the examination staff.

The main thing is to do everything on time, because it is possible to appeal the ITU decision and make changes to the IPRA only within a month.

As for obtaining a telephone device, in Moscow this type of TSR is provided by the Department of Social Protection, and in most regions - by the Social Insurance Fund, Ivanov noted. These devices are issued in Moscow at the place of residence, at Social Service Centers (CSC), he said.

Russian legislation provides special assistance to certain categories of citizens. People with physical disabilities especially need it. Therefore, it is necessary to know what a disabled person of group 1, a bedridden patient, is entitled to from social protection.

To whom and how is group 1 disability assigned?

The law provides for support for people with disabilities in the field of work, education, social adaptation, and free medical care is also provided. The rules are regulated by an impressive number of laws, regulations and acts. There are additional benefits that are available to a bedridden patient. They are established by the authorities of the constituent entities of the federation.

Group 1 disability is granted in the following cases

• lack of self-service;
• a condition requiring assistance from outsiders;
• poor orientation in space and time;
• inability to move independently.

Group 1 disabled people are people with impaired functioning of the musculoskeletal system, most often these are bedridden patients. A person cannot prepare food, take care of himself, or move indoors without the help of others.

Disability is assigned by a medical social examination (MSE). Beneficiary status is confirmed once every 2 years. The group is assigned for life in cases of permanent helplessness, based on medical certificates and medical history.

These cases require someone to be nearby to provide care. Often this person is the closest relative. for a disabled person of group 1 is provided by social security in the following cases:

• loss of relatives;
• reluctance of loved ones to care for a bedridden patient;
• lack of possibility of supervision due to business trips, placement in places of detention.

What is a disabled person entitled to?

The objectives of social protection in providing assistance are aimed at maximum rehabilitation, improving the lives of bedridden patients, and adaptation into society.

What is required for a bedridden disabled person:

• additional payments;
• a set of social security services;
• transport benefits;
• assistance in obtaining education;
• improvement of living conditions;
• tax compensation.

In addition to pensions, the state provides special benefits. Relatives and guardians should know what is appropriate for a group 1 disabled person who is bedridden in accordance with federal and regional regulations.

List of benefits:

• provision of medications,
• provision of an annual voucher to a dispensary;
• use of vehicles within the city on a free basis (except for taxis and private carriers);
• extraordinary admission for education after passing the Unified State Exam;
• free dental prosthetics;
• obtaining funds for rehabilitation.

The list of services for disabled people is extensive. Unfortunately, in reality, a bedridden disabled person does not always have the opportunity to fully take advantage of the benefits provided to improve the quality of life. There are not enough social security workers, huge queues at the hospital, lack of medicines in pharmacy chains, long waits for rehabilitation equipment necessary for movement and orientation in space.

Cash payments and compensation

For citizens of retirement age, a payment of 10,481.34 rubles is established. (information as of March 2018). Persons have the right to use the insurance part of their labor pension or receive the fixed payment specified above.

For disabled people of group 1, special unified cash payments (USB) are provided, which include compensation for certain services:

• Purchase of medicines and medical nutrition in the amount of 833.79 rubles;
• Rest in a dispensary – 129 rubles;
• Long-distance travel to the place of treatment – ​​119 rubles.

The total amount of social services is 1082.54 rubles. A bedridden patient can refuse it and receive full monetary compensation in the amount of 3,651.75 rubles. Payments must be processed at the Pension Fund branch at the place of residence of the disabled person.

Social services

The state provides social assistance and moral support to bedridden patients. What a disabled person of the 1st group is entitled to from social protection is established

List of services provided to bedridden disabled people:

• Assistance in paying utility bills and legal support in case of disputes;
• Accompaniment for receiving medical care;
• Maintaining the residence of a pensioner;
• Providing a nurse from social security;
• Assistance in organizing funerals;
• Accommodation for a pensioner in a full boarding house in;
• Delivery of food, medicine and essential supplies by social security workers.

Housing and tax benefits

Patients with disabilities have the right to demand improved living conditions. They are provided with special devices for movement. For example, wheelchair users need special access devices and handrails to easily move to the common door. Entrance openings must be widened.

To do this, you need to submit an application to social security. Guardians and authorized persons on behalf of a disabled person can submit an application to social security. A change of place of residence to a more suitable one is required if social security cannot provide access road equipment. The first disability group gives the right to receive a land plot out of turn.

Other

In addition to the above, a group 1 disabled person is provided with a number of other benefits:

Name of services and taxes	Privileges
Payment of utility services	50%
Property tax	cancellation
Payment of state duty when buying and selling real estate	Reduction of coefficient depending on region
Personal income tax	Reduction of the annual amount by 3000 rubles
Notarial services	50% of the total cost
Property claims	Exemption from state duty for claims up to 1 million rubles.

Note. Full exemption from transport tax is established by regional authorities. Some entities provide a 50% benefit if the car's engine power is less than 150 hp.

Rehabilitation means

Relatives of beneficiaries sometimes do not know what rehabilitation means are available to a group 1 disabled person who is bedridden. As a result, they acquire technical equipment to move independently. Based on this, the state provides disabled people with special rehabilitation means at the expense of the Federal budget.

Free adaptations for a disabled person:

• Products that help with movement: handrails, crutches, support devices, wheelchairs, orthoses;
• Technical devices for self-service;
• Medical devices for measuring pressure, temperature;
• Hearing and voice aids;
• TVs and phones with text output;
• Absorbent underwear, ;
• Special clothing and orthopedic accessories;
• Guide dogs with the necessary equipment.

Relatives of bedridden patients are interested in whether a disabled person is entitled to group 1. The state is obliged to provide pensioners with special shoes, an orthopedic mattress and a pillow.

Note. The basis for the free issuance of special devices from social security is an individual rehabilitation program. Therefore, when registering for disability, it is necessary to indicate a list of medications, personal hygiene products and necessary devices.

Ways to obtain rehabilitation funds

After completing the rehabilitation program, it should be registered with the Social Insurance Fund (SIF) and an application for the provision of rehabilitation funds must be written. The authorized body must conduct a tender and purchase the necessary device.

You can buy rehabilitation equipment yourself. To do this, you must make a written request about the amount of compensation for a specific type of funds. It is determined based on the last purchase. When purchasing the necessary device, you must keep the sales receipt and all accompanying documentation. Next, you should contact the Social Insurance Fund with a request for reimbursement of the amount spent, attaching documents confirming the purchase.

Registration of benefits for a disabled person of group 1

To receive government assistance and social benefits, you need to go to the social security department with a set of documents. The interests of bedridden patients can be represented by their relatives or proxies.

List of documents submitted to social security: After receiving documents from social security regarding the provision of benefits, the papers must be sent to the relevant organizations and tax authorities. You must visit the bank in advance to open a current account or card.

Socialization of disabled people

To ensure access to cultural objects and social adaptation, the state developed the “Accessible Environment” program. Its goal is to create a space where people with disabilities feel comfortable without noticeable limitations. The program includes the construction of special paths, lifting devices, and handrails used for the passage of wheelchairs and gurneys. Road intersections should be equipped with signals for safe movement.

Interim results showed that some of the planned social protection tasks are being fulfilled. Traffic lights with sound signals are installed, shops and centers are equipped with special lifts and ramps. However, even in this case, some objects do not meet the standards. If you look through the eyes of a disabled person, the “comfortable environment” brings a lot of difficulties, and sometimes is not accessible at all. The laying of tiles, the dimensions of the drives, the lifting angle are not observed, there are no handrails, tactile stands are installed in blind places inaccessible.

Various rehabilitation programs, social security assistance, benefits and payments have been developed for disabled people of group 1. To fully take advantage of the opportunities, it is necessary to monitor changes in legislation and clarify individual rates for the relevant region with social protection institutions.

Video

Problem 1. Get the required registration in the Individual Rehabilitation Program

In accordance with the law, a person with a disability can receive a wheelchair in accordance with the recommendations in his individual rehabilitation program, which in itself is already very difficult, since to obtain YPRES you need to undergo a medical examination and obtain opinions from many doctors. But even after this, it is not at all a fact that you will be entered into the Individual Rehabilitation Program that you need. For example, many young people with disabilities prefer to use active strollers in everyday life, which are made of lighter materials (often aluminum and titanium), have quick-release wheel axles, which allows a person with a disability to even load it into the car themselves, and in general themselves themselves are much more maneuverable and compact. Given the appropriate skills and physical abilities, many people with disabilities can independently climb and descend steps, overcome curbs and rough terrain. So, not all people with disabilities manage to achieve such an entry in the IRP, but he will be prescribed, for example, an indoor stroller, and after that, with a similar wording in the social protection authorities and the social insurance fund, he will not be able to apply for the stroller that he really needs for active life. This problem is largely due to the cost of wheelchairs and the reluctance of government authorities to purchase them. The same active stroller is several times more expensive than a regular indoor stroller and not all regions buy them because of this. I know cases where in one of the regions children with disabilities wrote down in the IPR about the need for active wheelchairs, but it turned out that they were not purchased in the region, and therefore there was nothing to issue. After this incident, no more such records were made by the medical and social examination. It will be even more difficult for a person with a disability to get an electric wheelchair, since its price is even higher.

Problem 2: Getting the right stroller.

If you have a corresponding entry in individual rehabilitation program, then you will be provided with the stroller that was purchased by your region in accordance with the results of an open tender for the supply of rehabilitation equipment. Everything seems to sound right, but in reality this means that only one type of stroller is purchased, usually the cheapest, so the main criterion for determining the winners is the offered price, and the same size. That is, a person with a disability cannot choose either a comfortable model or a suitable size. And a stroller is such an individual tool that without individual selection and adjustment to a person’s specific needs, it often becomes not an assistant for a person with a disability, but an obstacle. In accordance with the law, a person with a disability has the right not to receive the wheelchair assigned to him, but to purchase it independently and then receive compensation for its cost. But this procedure is very difficult and I know only a few people who managed to achieve this. You need to buy the right stroller, which is certified in the right way, correctly fill out all the documents for the purchase, then go through a large number of officials with applications, etc. And if until recently a person with a disability could claim full compensation for the cost of a purchased wheelchair, now only for the cost of the wheelchair that he is entitled to from the state, that is, he will be paid the amount for one wheelchair that was purchased through a competition.

Strollers are issued for a certain period of time. If nothing has changed, then this period depends on the type of stroller and is 4-6 years. Different regions may have different procedures, but according to what I have encountered, if a stroller becomes unusable before the due date, a person with a disability can present it to social authorities, after an appropriate inspection, a write-off report is drawn up and exchanged for another stroller. It is strange why the social protection of the city of Kazan did not do this, perhaps because of the timing of the tender they did not have strollers available at that time to issue to needy citizens. Although, as soon as I needed it, the stroller was immediately found.

Instead of the result:

In general, the procedure for obtaining strollers is very difficult and confusing, so a very large part of people with disabilities prefer not to receive them from the state but to buy them themselves with their own money, especially since now the state provides the cheapest, often unreliable, without the possibility of individual selection and adjustment of strollers . In general, it is generally unclear why the state took on such a function when it would be much simpler and cheaper (not to maintain a significant additional staff of workers, not to hold competitions, not to store and not to issue strollers) to simply provide people with disabilities who need strollers, certificates, with the help of which they could purchase the equipment they need directly from manufacturers and stores (if necessary, paying extra with their own funds). There they will immediately select the required size and equipment, provide service during the entire operation, and themselves will fight for each client. But while all these functions are in the hands of Russian officials, all that remains is to write to the President’s blog.

The state guarantees the receipt of the necessary funds for the rehabilitation of disabled people. This right can be exercised both by receiving them for free, and by reimbursing the money spent when a wheelchair, crutches and other goods have already been purchased by you yourself. The two main categories of citizens who have this right are disabled people and disabled children.

Disabled people of all categories can receive compensation from social protection for self-acquired rehabilitation means. In order for you to get back the funds due by law, you need to know the terms of such payments.

For what technical means of rehabilitation is compensation paid?

A complete list of technical means of rehabilitation (TSR) can be found in Order of the Ministry of Labor and Social Protection of the Russian Federation dated December 29, 2014 N 1200n. Below is a list of the most common categories of TSR for which you can return the funds spent:

• canes;
• crutches;
• walkers;
• wheelchairs;
• prostheses;
• bandages;
• splints;
• shoes for prosthetics;
• orthopedic shoes;
• anti-bedsore devices;
• special clothing, etc.

It is important that these rehabilitation means must be included in an individual rehabilitation and habilitation plan. A person has the right to independently decide which TSR he needs.

Compensation amount

The amount you can expect to receive compensation is determined by law. It depends on the type of product purchased and the region in which you live. There are two options for calculating the payment amount:

• if the amount of funds spent is less than the amount established by law, 100% reimbursement of the cost of the rehabilitation product is carried out;
• if the amount of funds spent exceeds the amount established by law, the maximum amount of compensation for a specific type of TSR is paid.

Payment of compensation

Compensation is paid by the Social Insurance Fund in each region of the country. In some regions of the Russian Federation, it can be obtained from Social Service Centers. The address of a specific authority is specified in the FSS, which is obliged to provide this information.

In order for compensation to be paid, you need to collect and provide:

1. Documents for TSR:

• document confirming the purchase of TSR (receipt);
• TSR passport;
• TSR certificate of conformity.

2. Applicant's documents:

• a statement written according to the established template;
• applicant's passport;
• document confirming disability;
• SNILS;
• rehabilitation program;
• bank account details;

If compensation is issued by the parent of a disabled child, it is necessary to provide the parent’s passport and the child’s birth certificate.

If compensation is issued by a representative of the social protection authority, it is necessary to provide a document that confirms his authority.

Having fulfilled the conditions described above, you can count on a positive decision on compensation for your costs. Within 1 month after the application is approved, the money spent on the purchase of TSR is transferred to the bank account specified in the application.

The majority of citizens who suffer illness or injury are unable to perform any actions without outside help or without the use of technical means of rehabilitation (TSR). Most often this is due to negative changes in the musculoskeletal system. The legislation of the Russian Federation provides. These measures include a number of different benefits, the most important of which include benefits for the purchase of medicines, medical care and the provision of individual means of rehabilitation for people with disabilities.

Legislative framework and special program for disabled people

Providing assistance to persons with disabilities is regulated by a number of government acts. Most of them were adopted in the 90s, so many articles of these laws have been repeatedly changed and supplemented.

Benefits provided to disabled people according to federal law and order of the Ministry of Labor

All benefits to which persons with disabilities are entitled are specified in the following documents. This is the Federal Law on Disabled Persons No. 181-FZ dated November 15, 1995, in the latest edition dated December 14, 2015 and the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation on provision of disabled people TSR No. 240 dated April 7, 2008, in the latest edition dated December 7, 2015 2016 Issues about technical means of rehabilitation are discussed in more detail in Order of the Ministry of Labor No. 374 “n” dated July 18, 2016.

Classification - main and auxiliary means

It is very important for disabled people to receive technical means of rehabilitation. Classification - such means can be primary or auxiliary. Without basic aids, the patient cannot perform essential basic activities, such as movement and bowel movements. Assistive devices can be used in the process of rehabilitation and preparation of a disabled person for integration into social structures.

If for some reason the social protection department cannot provide a disabled person with the technical equipment he needs, he can purchase it on his own. Its cost will be paid only if the application for the provision of rehabilitation means has been officially registered with the relevant service. If the necessary equipment was purchased before submitting the application, its cost will not be paid.

List of technical means

Technical means of rehabilitation include the following devices:

• canes, crutches and other support products;
• manual and electric wheelchairs;
• various types of prostheses;
• special shoes;
• devices for grasping and holding objects;
• armchairs and chairs equipped with sanitary equipment.

One of the innovative developments – prostheses with bionic control – is being considered as a means of rehabilitation for people with disabilities. Such devices are still undergoing laboratory tests, but in the near future we can expect them to appear in medical centers.

Group of personal hygiene products

Personal hygiene products are included in a separate group of products. These include:

• urine and feces receivers;
• absorbent underwear with absorption function;
• special bedding;
• diapers.

For disabled people with visual, hearing and speech impairments, electronic technical means for self-service are provided:

• optical correctors for persons with severe visual impairments;
• e-books with voice text synthesizer;
• “talking” instruments for measuring pressure and temperature;
• speech synthesizers;
• vibration and light signaling devices for the deaf;
• individual hearing aids;
• TVs equipped with the Teletext function;
• telephones with information display.

In addition, for the rehabilitation of disabled people, they can be provided with guide dogs with additional equipment. To do this, a citizen who needs such a dog must write an application to the social service. After a certain time, he will be given a dog from the kennel. The dog’s food and treatment is provided from the funds of the social body.

If a dog is given or purchased, the state does not compensate for the costs of its maintenance.

Previously, technical means included special cars or motorized wheelchairs for disabled people, but since 2005 this benefit has been suspended.

Providing repair work

In accordance with Law No. 30-FZ dated March 7, 2017, changes and additions were introduced to Government Resolution No. 240. All work on the repair of rehabilitation technical equipment is carried out without a queue and free of charge. If a technical device cannot be repaired for any reason, it must be replaced free of charge. Early replacement of a product may require technical expertise, which is also provided free of charge.

Almost every region has municipal laws on supporting persons with disabilities. They may provide additional benefits to people with disabilities.

List of medications - how to get them

For persons with disabilities, medications are prescribed, including potent ones, which are provided with appropriate discounts or free of charge. This benefit is regulated by the list of medicines. This list was determined by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 2782 “r” dated December 30, 2014 and was increased by 25 names of medicines in 2017. This list includes the following groups of drugs:

• opioid analgesics;
• non-narcotic painkillers;
• gout remedies;
• anti-inflammatory drugs;
• antiallergenic and anticonvulsant drugs;
• agents for the treatment of Parkinson's disease;
• anti-anxiety medications and antidepressants;
• drugs affecting the central nervous system;
• antibiotics and synthetic antibacterial agents;
• antiviral and antifungal drugs.

Drugs affecting the cardiovascular system and gastrointestinal tract are divided into two large groups. One of the diseases for which you can receive a disability group is a sharp decrease in the level of insulin in the blood, therefore, for many disabled people, diabetes treatment is important and provided free of charge.

The list of medications that a disabled person can receive free of charge, but only by decision of a medical commission, includes a large group of medications. Some of them are narcotic or expensive foreign-made drugs and can be obtained in pharmacies with a special prescription.

The procedure for obtaining TSR for self-service - how issuing occurs

Issuance procedure - in order to receive free technical means of rehabilitation, a disabled person must prepare certain documents:

• application for provision of rehabilitation means;
• identification document;
• IPRA.