Does bee tongue develop? The language of communication of bees Who discovered the language of bees.

Each of us has our own native language on which we communicate. Each bee's dance has its own unique language.

The dance of bees is an ordinary element of communication among winged workers. A bee can't call out to its friend, "Hey, fly over here, I've found high-quality pollen here!", so you have to resort to various methods and signals that mark this moment. The signal that speaks of a large flower area and the one that warns of danger are significantly different. Under the terms environment, insects interact with each other, representing a whole and organized organism, each movement is some kind of specific sign.

Who discovered bee tongue?

It all started back in 1923. A bee scientist from Germany, Frisch, first discovered the bee tongue, which is a circular motion, complex and intricate. Such movements began to be simply called "dance". The dance of the bees regulates all the field work of ordinary individuals. (See photos and videos).

Working mechanism

Before the start of collecting pollen, the entire bee family sits quietly. Some individual individuals fly out for reconnaissance. If a source of pollen is found, a huge number of helpers rush to such a scout bee. After all, when a bee returns with a goiter full of nectar, she passes it to another fellow tribeswoman, and then begins her special circular dance (see photo).

The dance of the bees, of course, is not a macarena, but the movements are quite simple - the insect runs on a honeycomb among other bees in small circles, then to the left, then to the right. (see photo). Such a dance lasts no more than one minute. Having completed it, the worker flies back to the source of nectar. Another type of dance is called wagging (look at the photo), it consists of alternating semicircles, while the bee shakes the back of the body, as if wagging it. A wagging view signals that the food is far away, and a circular view indicates that you won’t have to fly far. Take a closer look at the movements in the photo.

Function

Such dances mobilize sedentary bees. Some of them rise in an instant and fly after the ringleader. By its aroma, they look for the necessary honey plant. Returning home, they continue to perform ballet steps, involving representatives of their own species remaining in the hive in the process. Due to this, they collect only a certain type of nectar, which has its own, special flavor. If the food does not exude any aroma, then the aromatic gland is included in the work.

The bee tongue is very complex and multifaceted, there is a whole set of specific movements that can characterize the performance various activities. In order to realize it, it is necessary to fully engage in the foundations of the life of small workers.

Swarming value

During swarming, bee communication plays an important role. The hatched bees prefer to stay nearby, but the scouts are tirelessly looking for a new home. If they find a suitable one, they show the rest of the swarm where to fly, where to build a new nest. Such manipulations occur without the presence of food, they are longer in time.

This is how little lovers of beauty communicate with each other. This is another point worth learning from the striped hive dwellers. If people could communicate through art, then there would be much less aggression in this world!

Video

In the video and photo you can observe with your own eyes this beautiful and bewitching phenomenon!

There have been speculations that there are scout bees in the hive for a long time. For example, A. S. Pushkin has the following lines:

The first bee flew out

Flew through the early flowers

Tell about the red spring. For the first time, bee dances were described in 1688 by a gardener. English king Charles II D. Evelyn. In his diary, he wrote: "It seems as if the bees are talking to each other with the help of different dance moves "For more than 20 years, the Austrian scientist Karl Frisch has studied the behavior of bees. He came to the conclusion that bees that have found the source of a bribe can inform other bees about it with peculiar movements, signals. Frisch discovered two types of movements in them, which he called circular and waggling dances. By jogging after the dancing bee, repeating its movements, catching the smells of the brought food, the bees better absorb the information in order to immediately use it in business. After handing over the brought nectar to several receiving bees, the forager begins a circular dance literally around one cell and, turning 180 degrees, runs in the opposite direction.So she describes several circles.With this behavior, she attracts the surrounding bees.The "dance" continues 15 -30 seconds Then the dancer moves to other combs and repeats similar movements, after that she flies away for a bribe, and other bees fly after her. It was a recruiting dance of a bee calling its mates for prey. During the dance, the bees felt the dancer with their antennae and repeated her movements after her. This is where the whole clue lies. After all, the dancer is saturated with the aroma of one kind of flower on which she worked. And other bees need to find just the same. That is why sometimes the bees fly past the lush flowering of other plants and fly further to where the dancer called them. The antennae well "remember" the proposed smell, since these peculiar antennae contain thousands of olfactory pores. Now the bees will find in the air, among many other smells and aromas, exactly the one that the recruiter reported. Circle dances direct the bees to work near the hive, within 100 meters. The unique feature of bees is also that they leave odors secreted by a special gland on those flowers that produce nectar abundantly. These flowers serve as a kind of fragrant beacon. As the successful flow dries up, the bees emit less and less odors with their glands. And this leads to the fact that the fading array attracts less and less bees and, finally, their arrival for prey here stops completely. By this time, other honey plants have already been found by bees. The waggling dance is depicted by a bee that has found bribes further than 100 meters. She describes a semicircle to the left, then turns sharply and quickly runs to the starting point, depicting a figure eight. Thus, she makes turns for several minutes. When a bee runs in a straight line, it makes quick, wagging movements with its abdomen. K. Frisch claimed that at the same time a rustle is heard. It is curious that the waggling dance with a run, the bee does on the honeycomb towards the sun. This means that the bribe is in the direction where the sun shines. And if the bee's head, when running, is directed to the lower part of the comb, then the bribe is in reverse side from the sun. When the bribe is to the right or left of the sun, then the bee shows this with the help of its run. The direction of the flight of the bee to the source of the bribe is determined by the angle that is formed between two straight lines passing from the hive to the sun and from the hive to the place where the food is found. The farther food is found, the slower movement bees, the longer the straight run takes, and the bee makes more wagging movements with its abdomen. K. Frisch and other scientists were repeatedly convinced of this by watching the dances of bees in a glass hive on one frame. Having fed the information in the hive, the forager, flying out for prey, chooses the desired course according to the solar compass and on the very high speed flies to the intended target. It is characteristic that the picker, who has flown in from a meager clearing, does not dance. It is also interesting that the solar compass works differently during the day. As the sun moves, the dancer makes adjustments in the dance, shifting the runs clockwise.

Honey bees, like many other insects, have their own unique way communication and information exchange. Winged laborers use sounds, smells and movements as a language.

What do the sounds made by bees mean?

bees can make ultrasounds, respond to them and perceive. If a uniform rumble is heard from the hive, then everything is going on in it as usual.

If a sharper or louder sound is heard from the hive, this indicates that the bees are irritated or angry for some reason. It happens that scattered voices are heard in the hive, an awkward noise that occurs in different compartments of the hive, a squeak. This may be the reason that the family was left without a queen.

Smells emitted by bees

In addition to sounds, honey bees are sensitive to smells. The aroma in the hive is a familiar thing. But for the most part, these aromas are associated with the nectar of various plants, pollen, honey products. The hive has its own aroma, which consists of the already mentioned substances and propolis of birch, aspen, poplar, hormonal secretions of the uterus, the aroma of brood and bees.

This fragrance is a kind of pass to the hive from external environment. Only by smell determination, bees can be allowed into their hive. And the emitted hormones of the uterus soak everything around in the hive that the bees carry these substances on their paws, thus creating an invisible bond in the family. As soon as the uterus is lost, the family becomes upset and falls into a state of panic.

Chemical language of bees

He also based on pheromones larvae. Workaholic bees find them by smell in the dark, and they can determine the age and need for food by the aroma emanating from them. Thus, smell is a means of communication among the bee colony.

What does the body movement of bees say

No less important is the body movement of the bees during communication. They can even be called dances. With active body movements, the bees inform the family about good news: a new rich source of nectar; about the new location for the swarm; that the time has come for the swarm to leave, and so on.

Bees can make two dance moves - 1 - rotational and 2 - waggling.

Thus, the dancing bees can convey information about how far the honeybee is from the hive, and in which direction to fly.

1. It happens in this way, the bee gets rid of the nectar, and then moves around and starts dancing. The bee moves from side to side, changes direction and tries to get into the thick of the crowd in order to involve other bees in the dance. Thus, it turns out already a round dance of bees. The dance can take from tens of seconds to a minute. Then, the solo bee abruptly stops dancing and moves to the exit, and flies for nectar. Returning home, she sits down on a new place of honeycombs, and begins her dances all over again.

2. The waggle dance takes place a little differently: the dancer bee makes sharp runs in a semicircle, first in one direction, then in the other, and several more such runs. During this time, the bee creates wagging movements, during which other bees, touching it with their antennae, read information about the location of the bribe and its size. Having taken the information into account, the bees fly for the cargo, return and also begin to dance to recruit other bees.

There have been speculations that there are scout bees in the hive for a long time. For example, A.S. Pushkin has the following lines:

The first bee flew out
Flew through the early flowers
Tell about the red spring.

For the first time, bee dances were described in 1688 by the gardener of the English King Charles II, D. Evelyn. In his diary, he wrote: “It seems as if the bees are talking to each other with the help of different dance movements.”

The Austrian scientist Karl Frisch studied the behavior of bees for more than 20 years. He came to the conclusion that the bees that have found the source of the bribe, with peculiar movements, signals, can inform other bees about it. Frisch discovered in them two types of movements, which he called circular and waggling dances. By jogging after the dancing bee, repeating its movements, catching the smells of the food brought, the bees better absorb the information in order to immediately use it in business. This is how the memory of bees works.

During the circular dance, the bee in an excited state enters, runs through the honeycombs into the very thick of the bees. Having handed over the brought nectar to several receiving bees, the collector begins a circular dance literally around one cell and, turning 180 degrees, runs in the opposite direction. So she describes several circles.

With this behavior, she attracts the bees around her. The "dance" lasts 15-30 seconds. Then the dancer moves to others and repeats similar movements again. After that, she flies away for a bribe, and other bees fly after her. It was a recruiting dance of a bee calling its mates for prey.

During the dance, the bees felt the dancer with their own and repeated her movements after her. This is where the whole clue lies. After all, the dancer is saturated with the aroma of a single species on which she worked. And other bees need to find just the same. That is why sometimes the bees fly past the lush flowering of other plants and fly further to where the dancer called them.

The antennae well "remember" the proposed smell, since these peculiar antennae contain thousands of olfactory pores. Now the bees will find in the air, among many other smells and aromas, exactly the one that the recruiter reported. Circle dances direct the bees to work close to, within 100 meters.

The unique feature of bees is also that they leave odors secreted by a special gland on those flowers that produce abundant nectar. These flowers serve as a kind of fragrant beacon. As the successful flow dries up, the bees emit less and less odors with their glands. And this leads to the fact that the fading array attracts less and less bees and, finally, their arrival for prey here stops completely. By this time, other honey plants have already been found by bees.

The waggling dance is depicted by a bee that has found bribes further than 100 meters. She describes a semicircle to the left, then turns sharply and quickly runs to the starting point, depicting a figure eight. Thus, she makes turns for several minutes. When a bee runs in a straight line, it makes quick, wagging movements. K. Frisch claimed that a rustle was heard at the same time.

It is curious that the waggling dance with a run, the bee does on the honeycomb towards the sun. This means that the bribe is in the direction where the sun shines. And if during a run it is directed to the lower part of the honeycomb, then the bribe is in the opposite direction from the sun. When the bribe is to the right or left of the sun, then the bee shows this with the help of its run.

The direction of the flight of the bee to the source of the bribe is determined by the angle that is formed between two straight lines passing from the hive to the sun and from the hive to the place where the food is found. The further the food is found, the slower the movement of the bees, the longer the direct run takes, and the bee makes more wagging movements with the abdomen.

K. Frisch and other scientists were repeatedly convinced of this by watching the dances of bees in a glass hive for one frame. Having fed the information in the hive, the gatherer, flying out for prey, chooses the desired course using the solar compass and flies to the intended target at the highest speed.

It is characteristic that the picker, who has flown in from a meager clearing, does not dance. It is also interesting that the solar compass works differently during the day. As the sun moves, the dancer makes adjustments in the dance, shifting the runs clockwise.

Do you know how bees talk? But it turns out that they have their own language for communication. Everyone knows that these insects live in a very organized society with their own laws and a well-defined hierarchy. It would be impossible for a bee family to live without mutual understanding. But how exactly they communicate with each other, it became known relatively recently. The Australian zoologist Carl von Frisch discovered this bee language. It turns out that the communication of bees occurs through specific intricate gestures and movements similar to dances. With such peculiar dances, for example, a scout bee can inform its relatives about the nearest clearing full of nectar flowers, the distance and direction to it. The discovery of the language of communication of bees was considered very important event in the development of natural science, and this fact was marked by the award to the zoologist Nobel Prize in 1973. However, many scientists studying the behavior of insects were very skeptical of the discovery, believing that bees cannot have just such a peculiar and complex language for communication.

But in 1992, scientists from Denmark created a robotic bee, trained in all the movements of the "dance" of the language of communication, which were described by the zoologist Carl von Frisch. And surprisingly, the real insects watching the "dances" of the robot bees flew to the exact place that was indicated in the descriptions of the Australian zoologist who unraveled the language of communication.