Essay based on the painting z.e. Serebryakova "at lunch" primary school teacher mbou
At lunch (at breakfast)
Zinaida Serebryakova is a very talented artist and one of her most famous paintings is "At Lunch". Children usually meet her in 2nd or 6th grade.On this canvas, the artist depicted three children who are sitting at the table waiting for breakfast. There are two boys and one girl.
They are all dressed in school uniform, which means that the guys have just come from school and have not had time to change their clothes yet. Hungry, they immediately ran to the table.
A boy is depicted in the foreground, he is sitting on a chair and is already eating a delicious soup prepared by his mother. He looks about ten years old, he is the eldest child in this family. The boy is depicted turned to the artist and it seems that he was called, but he did not expect this at all, because he did not even have time to let go of the spoon from his hands.
The next artist depicted a girl. This is a very cute baby about six years old. Probably, the girl is a first grader and is just getting used to school. She sits on the very edge of her chair, waiting for her portion of hot and fragrant soup. Hearing that someone was calling her brother, she also turned towards the voice.
The third boy is sitting on the other side of the table. He is holding a glass of water and thinking about something. He probably has a little problem at school or he got a deuce and is afraid to talk about it.
The artist also depicted the hands of a caring mother pouring hot soup for her child.
The pictured table is covered with a beautiful white tablecloth, it is incredibly large and you can immediately see that a large and friendly family lives here.The dishes on the table are very beautiful, they are painted with an unusual blue pattern.As for food, there is not only hot and tasty soup on the table, but also freshly baked buns and chocolate chip cookies. Next to the soup is fresh sour cream, and fresh milk is poured into the jug.
Yes, mom was more than prepared for the arrival of her children from school, she prepared so many delicious things!
The atmosphere emanating from this picture is very homely and warm. After all, what could be better than a big and friendly family?
Surprisingly, Zinaida Serebryakova managed to convey not only the atmosphere that is happening at the table, but looking at the canvas, we can hear and feel something more.
Just look at this pot of soup, do you feel what aroma comes from it?And the mischievous and cute kids, just look at them! Probably, just a few minutes ago, this room was filled with their cheerful and sonorous voices.
This picture is really a masterpiece, because it is extremely difficult to portray a big action in small things, but the artist succeeded.
2nd grade, 6th grade, 5th grade.
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They say that there is women's literature. And there is poetry for women. I am convinced that there is. Otherwise, it cannot be. Women's nature cannot but affect literature. And especially in poetry. And not only in literature, but in everything that a woman's hand would not touch. And in art too. And in painting too. And it would be strange if she didn't. And this does not mean that this literature or painting is qualitatively better or worse. She's just different. This is precisely its special charm and special attraction.
I repeat that it is the same in painting. I remember the paintings of the French artist Vigée-Lebrun. She has excellent portraits. And mostly, royalty, which she created both at home, in France, and here, in Russia, too. I do not need to look at the author's signature under her creations. I am convinced that a woman's hand held the brush here. And you will feel it too.
You will feel it even more when looking at the paintings of the wonderful artist Zinaida Serebryakova. You will feel it not only in the subjects of her paintings, but these are mostly family portraits, especially of her children in the interior, but also in the special feminine tender warmth emanating from her images. And for that love, most often maternal love, with which these images are imbued.
I have a special feeling for her paintings. I feel a wave of calm, quiet tenderness rising from the depths of my soul. Which relaxes and confuses me. I feel somehow embarrassed that I inexorably freeze in a state of contemplative bliss. Yes, and I'm not the only one. So with the French who came with me on an excursion, I feel how they come to the same state. But they do not know who this artist is, nor who are these children sitting at the dinner table, and in some kind of intense fright turned to us, strangers, disturbing them at dinner.
The artist's name was Zinaida Evgenievna Serebryakova. There are a lot of well-known, even great artists who have become artists in general, it is not known why and how. Well, nothing in their position, in life and in the environment in which they grew up and were brought up, could not contribute to the birth of a craving for painting in them. No one could even imagine how their fate would turn out in reality. Even their own parents. Only a whole chain of happy accidents has consistently led each of them to what they have become. But you can’t say the same about Zinaida. It would be monstrously unfair and strange if painting did not become her destiny. By kinship, she belonged to two glorious and famous families, Benois and Lansere. And that says something.
*****
Zinaida Serebryakova was born a very long time ago. In 1884. Calculate how old she would be today. I was born on the estate of my parents with the name Neskuchnoye, so familiar to me. It reminds me of the place near which I spent my childhood. Neskuchny garden along the Moskva River. But only the Neskuchnoye estate, where the artist was born, was very far away, near Kharkov. And today it is located on the Muromka River. Or rather, the river, since it is only 31 km long. And it has nothing to do with the city of Murom. Today Neskuchnoye is a small village with an area of 0.5 sq. km. with 90 inhabitants. The inhabitants of Neskuchny are very proud of the fact that the artist Serebryakova was born in their village. There is also a memorial plaque.
This region was called Novorossiya in those days. There was even such a curiosity when the city of Kharkov was the capital of Ukraine after the revolution. Today you know what is going on there.
****
Where did Lansere come from with such a not very Russian surname. Yes, there is nothing surprising. The ancestor of this surname in Russia was not a Russian person. He was a major, don't be surprised, in the Napoleonic army. What happened to this army, we all know. Ludwig Paul Lansere was lucky. Survived. Unbelievably lucky. Because how many thousands of his compatriots were not at all lucky. They died on the battlefields or froze in the fields of vast Russia. And imagine, Major Lansere stayed in Russia. Forever. And he made a wonderful career with us. Became State Councilor. And understand this so that the general. It was the rank of the 5th grade in the table of ranks. And it was necessary to address him with the words Your Highness. If only this official knew how his descendants would glorify his French surname in Russia.
And Zina's mother, Ekaterina Nikolaevna Benois, was also a representative of another very famous and glorious family. Who doesn't know her? And this surname also had French roots. The first of the Benois family came to Russia on his own in 1794. This date will tell us why he left la douce France and moved to our cold lands. I don't think he regretted it either. Imagine, he became the chief confectioner of the Russian Empress Maria Feodorovna. He married with us too. In German. And they had many children. Eighteen. This figure reminded me that Countess Struyskaya, whose portrait was sung by Zabolotsky, who lived at the same time, also had 18 children. A common thing in those days. Be that as it may, the confectioner became the ancestor of a large number of artists who distinguished themselves in various fields.
Well, what do you think, could the girl Zina not become an artist, having such relatives on the maternal and paternal lines. Zinochka was the youngest in the family. But she did not remember her father. And how to remember. He died at the age of 39. From tuberculosis. Terrible disease. Today almost forgotten. Let us recall Chekhov, the remarkable artist Vasiliev, the Empress and wife of Alexander II, who died from the same incurable disease at that time. The disease affected all classes and ages.
After that, their mother took all the children, and there were four of them, to their parents in St. Petersburg. Since then, they lived in the house, which today is called the Benois house. All her relatives lived there. But the village of Neskuchnoe was not forgotten. Sometimes in the summer the family returned there. Why not. The place is picturesque, the river. Noble Nest.
At the age of 16, Zina graduated from high school. Well, the question posed by Mayakovsky, "where should I study then, what to do." And for her, this question did not even stand. Only art, only painting. She enrolls in a private painting school. Why go there? Because there the drawing class was led by Repin himself. Once upon a time, he himself learned the excellent technique of drawing from Academician Chistyakov. There is a special conversation about him. Will definitely have to go back to it.
But learned a little. One month. And not by choice. The master left this school. His student also left. And then her mother, along with other children, took her to the south of Italy. She was concerned about the health of the children. I was especially afraid of the appearance of tuberculosis in them. She considered this disease almost hereditary. She had had enough of the suffering she endured during her husband's illness. But after all, the impulse to comprehend art had already been given. Therefore, Zina already independently studied the monuments of Roman antiquity and wrote excellent watercolors. Returning to Russia two years later, she again began to study painting. This time the artist O.E. Braza.
I don't know this artist well. But in the Tretyakov Gallery I never pass by one of his creations. This is a portrait of Anton Chekhov. For me, this is the best portrait of a beloved writer. Braz painted this portrait commissioned by Pavel Tretyakov himself. It is clear that he would not have turned to any artist with such an order. I do not know why, but it was this portrait that the writer himself did not like. He put it this way on this occasion: “If I have become a pessimist and write gloomy stories, then my portrait is to blame ...”. And he also expressed himself in such a completely characteristic manner: “They say that I and the tie are very similar, but the expression is like I sniffed horseradish.” And the artist tried so hard. I wrote it for two years.
Braz is not very famous today, but he was a good professional artist. Here is the same Benois called him one of the best portrait painters of his time. Quite possibly, on his advice, Zinaida became his student.
As already mentioned, in the summer the Serebryakovs often went out in the summer to their Neskuchnoye estate. It was there that something happened to her that could not but happen to a girl of her age. Fell in love. Normal, of course. The soul was waiting for someone. But who did you fall in love with! In his paternal cousin Boris Anatolyevich Serebryakov. Love was passionate, sincere and mutual. What are you going to do here. And there was one more comma. Zina was baptized in Catholicism, and Boris was Orthodox. The Church did not welcome such marriages in both cases. But the lovers found a priest who agreed to consecrate this marriage.
This is where I also have a question. Already in those days they knew that it was almost incest. Where does it lead? This was also known. To degeneration, to damage to probable offspring. That is, lovers could not help but know what danger they expose the children who were to be born as a result of this marriage. I recall the story of another famous artist, Toulouse-Lautrec. Same situation. He became the fruit of just such an incest. Due to developmental pathology, he became a cripple in adolescence. And then I used it a lot. And not only wine, but also drugs. And he died at the age of 36. Not producing offspring.
For this reason, the church has always prevented such marriages. Zinaida took her husband's surname, which is why she became known to all of us under such a beautiful surname Serebryakova. And imagine they had four children. And it passed. Incest did not affect their health. But they all did not have simple fates. But more on that later.
*****
And her husband had nothing to do with art or painting. He studied at the Institute of Communications. So what? I know quite a few families, and you also know how marriages among people of the same profession, especially creative ones, contrary to logic, are especially unreliable and fragile. Creative problems are added to the natural problems of adaptation of two very different human personalities. People who exist in the space of the same creative field rarely agree on how to cultivate beds in the same field. And this is an additional strain in family relationships. So this was not the case in the Serebryakov family.
Unable to continue to comprehend the science of painting in Russia, she left for Paris. And where else. In those days, it was Paris that was the artistic Mecca. It was there that the fountain of new ideas in painting beat. In addition, almost the entire Benois family already lived there. She entered the Académie de la Grande Chaumière. Maybe it was the name that attracted her. Academy sounds solid. Any training provides as a prerequisite in any subject, discipline, order. I say this as a teacher by education. And systematic immersion in the subject of study But in that Academy this was not even close. Recklessness and freedom reigned in the sense of lack of control over the entire learning process. The future artist gained much more knowledge from visiting the Louvre and various art salons, which Paris was not poor in.
She returned to Russia in the spring of 1906. Let's remember this time. The revolutionary time began with the execution on Palace Square on the 9th of bloody January. She returned to her estate in Neskuchnoye. And it certainly wasn't boring. The children went. The first to be born was the boy Zhenya, named after his grandfather. And then a year later another boy - Sasha. And since then, she has divided her time between activities with children and painting. And so, in between classes with children, she painted what is probably her most famous painting. Your self-portrait.
*****
Recently, an exhibition of her works was held in the Tretyakov Gallery in Moscow. So the main poster of this exhibition was this portrait. Yes, he is the most famous in the world. It is called so simply “Behind the toilet. Self-portrait ”She then created many other paintings - genre scenes, nudes, naturally female nature, just portraits, landscapes and even still lifes, but this work is best known. Maybe because the self-portrait was the first from which the name of Serebryakova became known, her original style, which can of course be copied, even made a fake, but no one can call it his own except Serebryakova.
He, among other paintings, will attract our attention immediately. From the first second. It seems to me that the image of a young woman, whose eyes are so fixed on you, is almost obscenely too intimate and sincere. It seems that you don’t even have the right to stop in front of a portrait of a woman behind a toilet and plunge into a contemplative state. And the feeling is that the look of Zinaida Serebryakova is not addressed to you at all, but you got all the charm, all the charm coming from her whole appearance is simply illegal. As if peeping through glass, transparent only from your side. She seems to not see you at all, but admires herself. That is, doing what you can only do alone with yourself. And it has remained so for many years. And how many more people will remain amazed by the transcendent sincerity of these slightly slanting eyes. I look at the portrait and hear in my soul the famous lines from one song:
You are my breath You are my early morning
You and the burning sun and rain
I'm exhausting myself
I will be the best. On this occasion
You wait.
*****
The world has waited. And I look at the portrait and hear how she, in all her radiance of early youth and freshness, speaks to all of us. Here I am. Such as there is. Love me. I give. And the world accepted this gift. And was not disappointed. And in the picture we see the morning, the very morning of the artist, who is included in the history of our painting. In the world of painting, which was already not poor in other portrait images. Find this portrait online. And you will understand even more and better what I wanted to say. This portrait was purchased by the Tretyakov Gallery. And this was already a recognition of young talent. And high honor.
Oddly enough, and perhaps well, the most important thing for her in life was her family, children, husband. Bohemian party, she was not interested in her at all. After the birth of boys, she had girls. In 1912, Tanya was born. And a year later Katenka. So, they became four children. And with this alone, Zinaida was already happy. She raised children, but did not forget painting. She was a humble person by nature. In perpetual doubt.
We believe that even her first works were marked by the seal of talent. But she doesn't. Didn't believe. Everything was doubtful. And it seems that her painting was for her only a means to reflect her attitude, which was all focused on her family and children. And that's it.
Look at her picture above the text. And for a long time I chose a picture from her rich work to place it at the head of this article. Chose this one. Why? Don't know. It just seemed to me that the above-described self-portrait and so everyone knows. This is, if you like, such a beautiful brand of a famous artist. Her visiting card. And for me Serebryakova is interesting not only as an artist. Rather, yes, of course, and as an artist too. But only every great artist expresses his soul in his creations. in their main themes. So for the artist Serebryakova, the main theme is her family, these are her children. It is in them, in her paintings, that she herself is all, her soul. That's why I chose this seemingly not very famous painting. It's called "Dinner"
Who do we see in this picture? Two older boys. Elder brother Zhenya - he holds a glass in his hands. His younger brother Sasha - he holds a spoon in his hand and turned to face us. And also their sister Tanya - she completely turned to us all. There is no fourth child. That is, he is, but the nurse is still carrying him in her arms. This is a little girl Katya. And we also see the grandmother’s hand holding a ladle, with which she pours soup into a bowl. The painting is called “At Lunch” This is how it became known when it was acquired
Tretyakov Gallery. But it was originally called "At Breakfast". Where does this confusion come from? Breakfast lunch. We know that soup is not eaten at breakfast.
It's just that in French there are two names for two meals. Le petite dejeuner. And just Le dejeuner. That is, just a second breakfast. And our lunch. Here is the name changed. adapted to our audience.
But look at this table too. He is already a wonderful still life in itself. Porcelain, silverware, such buns. You look at everything with pleasure. What about children! It is immediately obvious that it is not easy. From nobles. Barchuks. Oh, who would have known how their lives would change drastically. And very soon.
And what is so special about this picture? Yes, nothing. But I am fascinated by the look of these children. Only a child can have such a view. He enters the world. He does not know this world. He only comprehends it with all the organs of his senses. This view is unencumbered by the knowledge that their lives will yet enrich. Life, which, let's say in advance, will not be poor in various events. And here is almost the very beginning. There is also an undisguised curiosity in this look. There is also an undisguised wariness in it. They already know that there is good and evil in the world. It is known from fairy tales and from their so far little personal experience. I am trying to descend from the height of my already not small age, and descend at the very time when I was five years old. And remember how I myself saw and felt the world around me, into which an unknown force threw me. Does not work. I'm annoyed. I am annoyed that I can no longer cross this abyss of time. Never. Already not given. Gone forever. I remember lines.
Unfortunately or fortunately,
The truth is simple:
never come back
To former places
.Even if the ashes
Looks quite
Can't find what we're looking for
Neither you nor me.
That is, the good poet Shpalikov persuades us not to return to childhood. That is the place where we all come from. And I would return. And who wouldn't come back. Yes, and Shpalikov himself wrote it this way, in the hearts. This is evident from the continuation of this poem. But no one has been given. Well, let. But this portrait of children with such eyes turned on us allows me, albeit indirectly, to return to those very places. Where are we all from.
They will look at us through a huge layer of time. And they will look thanks to this portrait for a very long time. I want to say forever. Although we know that these children have long lived their lives. And I can't get rid of this sad thought.
*****
And then came 1917. Revolution. Or a coup. Because this event turned everything upside down in the life of the Serebryakovs. And it was the beginning of a whole series of misfortunes. Recall that the Neskuchnoye estate was located in Ukraine. And there, in an era of change, an indescribable mess began, if not stronger. We read M. Bulgakov. The names went bankrupt. The landlords were shot. There are no laws in the mess. Everybody dance. And everyone has their own party. Now chieftains, then Germans with Poles. Red, white and even green. Fate is a turkey, and life is a penny.
And there are four children in the family. Not for painting. They abandoned Neskuchnoe and moved to Kharkov. And in the city, you also need to live on something. Renting has become expensive. And they returned to Neskuchnoe again. And by that time the estate had already been plundered. It's good that they didn't burn it. But, nevertheless, you have to live on something. And so the father of the family was so successfully offered a job in Moscow. And he was a railroad engineer. He often went on business trips in the past. He built railroads. Later, he called his wife to Moscow. And they were already thinking about moving to the capital at that time and children. But here is a new problem. Woe. Boris Anatolyevich was returning home from another business trip. I was traveling with soldiers in the same car. And he caught typhus from them. And burned in his flame. He died 12 days later, one might say, in the arms of his wife.
And then a new journey through the torments. Where are the descriptions of Alexei Tolstoy. After the funeral, Zinaida returns to Neskuchnoe in Ukraine, where her children are waiting. And the revolutionary turmoil was gaining strength. Staying in Neskuchnoye became dangerous. They collected the remaining belongings, well, just like the Rostov family, on several carts they left the estate - their family, noble nest. Fate kept them. Almost immediately the estate was burned down.
They arrived in Kharkov. And it already established Soviet power. Some kind of order. She was even offered a job. Take part in the "First Art Exhibition of the Kharkov Soviet of Workers' Deputies". She accepted why not. Still, life was hard. For all. What about children? The eldest is 14, and the youngest is only seven. What children's impressions remained with them after everything experienced! All in purple. How they had to go through all these indescribable troubles. And the children's psyche how it should have suffered. Here is what Zinaida writes about this time:
“We live all the time dreaming of leaving somewhere, changing the insanely ridiculous current life, because mommy, children and I fuss all day, work (that is, wash, wash the floors, cook, etc.) and do not do what we did all my former life, I do not draw, children do not study.
And then he remembered his relative Alexander Benois. He called her to Petersburg. And this is where we get a little lucky. She hopefully moved to St. Petersburg with her entire family. That is all six. She, four children and a grandmother. Settled in the house of Benoit. Got some work. She painted custom-made portraits for cheap. And there are six of them. And you need to buy canvases and paints. And the civil war is not over yet. And war communism with its hyperinflation has just ended. And you have to buy food and clothes. Poverty. And at the same time she manages to paint portraits. Look, for example, at the lovely portrait of Katenka, painted in 1923. It's called In the Kitchen. Portrait of Katya” Look by all means, you will not regret it.
She couldn't help but think about the need to change something in her life. She writes to her uncle, who was already living in Paris at the time. “How I dream and want to leave in order to somehow change this life, where every day there is only acute concern for food (always insufficient and bad) and where my income is so insignificant that it is not enough for the most necessary things.”
And after that, she still left. But she left not for political reasons. As, for example, Bunin, who fled from the Soviets, cursing the "cursed days." She left just to survive. And then she left, as she thought, for a very short time. And it happened forever.
She left alone. At first alone, and then two more of her children drove up to her. And she would see the other two only after many, many years. But even there, in Paris, one might say, the same poverty awaited her. And from what she earned, she sends to the children who remained in St. Petersburg. And what she creates on her canvases, everything shows what a good artist she was. But who knew her then in Paris. And then it needed a boost. It took the Impressionists how long it took to unwind. And who needs her in Paris, where the trend was not at all a realistic manner in which Serebryakova works. There reign avant-garde currents. All sorts of fauvists, pointillists, expressionists, abstractionists, etc.
She is one. She's lonely. He misses the abandoned children. Here is what she writes: I am always alone, nowhere, nowhere, in the evening I am deadly longing ... ". Well, for some time now I have not been completely alone. One after another, two of her children came to her, who, like their mother, remained forever in France. Yes, and consider them Russian - there is also a question and strained. They were converted to Catholicism in childhood. They received French passports. That is, they became French citizens. They had strong French roots. They spoke French. Although they loved Russia. They considered it their first home. And they never angrily hissed at the Soviets, as many of the White emigrants did.
And two of her children with their grandmother also remained in Leningrad forever. And so it slowly began to be recognized. There were more and more orders. Once she made a trip to Africa at the expense of a Belgian baron - patron of the arts. And she brought a lot of interesting works from Morocco. And in Paris, bitter news awaited her. My mother died in Leningrad. This was told to her by her daughter Tanya, who remained in Russia. They broke up ten years ago. Already somehow I got used to the idea that even if they are apart, there are people in the world somewhere far away who are closest to her - a mother and two children. They live without any connection without it. But they do live. And there is still hope that someday they will see each other. She, this hope, this consciousness alone, that I live and exist, albeit falsely, but quench the pain of separation. But now everything has become hopeless. And irrevocable. Nothing will be. Mom left. There is none. She suffered hard. Here is what she writes: “And why did I so selfishly leave you and her, my beloved, when all my heart, all my soul is connected with you. For a long, long time, I have been tormented by this fear of losing everything with my grandmother, and now it happened.
No, already in the thirties she did not live in poverty. Her two children were grown up on their own and were already earning their own living. And it's all about art. The elder was engaged in book graphics, worked in the theater, and then as an artist in the cinema. And the youngest also realized herself in art. In painting and sculpture of small forms. Nevertheless, Zinaida, with all her French roots and excellent knowledge of the French language, was drawn to Russia. Autumn pulled. In her soul, as it were, two motherlands coexisted. Here is what she writes on the eve of the war: “Nothing came of my life here, and I often think that I did an irreparable thing, breaking away from the soil”
Let's not forget that two of her children lived in Russia. And they also realized themselves in art. And they weren't unhappy at all. They wrote about it in their letters. Well, how to be here. The soul is torn apart. Or maybe you really need to go back? So the artist Bilibin returned. And he's all right there. But her Parisian children Alexander and Catherine did not at all express a desire to return. For what? Everything here is so well established and arranged. And there you have to start from scratch, in this distant and no longer completely understandable Russia. And then, there are examples of another kind. Well, lucky Bilibin. And it could have been different.
And then the war began. Let us remember that for France it began earlier than for us. France lost it shamefully in a few weeks. And the troops of the Wehrmacht marched with a brisk marching step, as the Germans knew how to do, along the Champs Elysees. And many Parisians were present at this victorious defile. With tears in my eyes. Maybe Serebryakov was among them. And her life began in the occupation. No, it was not at all the same life as, for example, the life of the inhabitants of surrounded Leningrad. And I had tourists from France, Parisians who told me about that time. So they suffered. Well, there was no, imagine, the usual coffee in the morning. And this is not a joke. Heard with my own ears. So Zinaida continued to work. With your children. War is war, but there were orders. And that meant something to live on. There was, of course, a risk. The Nazis caught Jews and emigrants. Especially from Russia. If they did not have documents, then they were waiting for a prison, or even execution.
Well, what do you want from her. Well, she did not become Princess Obolenskaya. And she couldn't be. Recall that the Russian princess was in the ranks of the Resistance. And she occupied not a small post in it. She was arrested, kept in dungeons, interrogated and wanted to win over to their side. They talked and asked, are you going to defend the Judeo-Bolshevik regime? She replied: I am Russian and I defend Russia. She was guillotined in Berlin. And her ashes are now in the Russian cemetery near Paris. Cemetery of Sainte-Genevieve-des-Bois.
Another woman. All of France knows her. And even if they don’t remember her name, I perfectly know the song of the French Resistance. This song, as it were, is the second after the Marseillaise, raising the spirit of patriotism among all the French. And the song was written by a Russian noblewoman. Her name was Anna Marley. Find this song on youtube. It is sung by Mireille Mathieu. And she loved Russia - her homeland. But why love? The family was expelled from the country. Her father and uncle, the admiral of the fleet, were shot. And here you go.
And Zinaida cherished her spiritual roots no less than they did, And she was not at all going to break ties with the earth, the soil, with the place where her life path began. But to go to the Resistance... Well, where is she - no longer a very young woman and in poor health.
*****
The war ended and correspondence between Zinaida and her children began again. And they are already grown up. For example, the daughter of Tatyana had her own son, Ivan. That is, the grandson of Baba Zina. And despite poor health and advancing years, she works. That is, he paints pictures. And travels a lot. Somehow I came to London to see another of my distant relatives. With famous actor and director Peter Ustinov.
And she is again called to return to Russia. The name is not only children, but also the Soviet government itself. Contacts are being established with her through the government. It is recognized by our authorities. Yes, and how not to admit. There was nothing behind her that could discredit her image in terms of loyalty to the USSR. Absolutely nothing. But her name was known all over the world. And France, after De Gaulle's visit to the USSR, had a special attraction for us. So everything turned out well. In the mid-60s, we organized extensive exhibitions of her paintings. In Moscow, Kyiv, Leningrad. And everywhere a huge success. And she didn't even expect it. And this means that she was not forgotten in her homeland. That she is loved and appreciated. That she is still part of this Motherland. It means that life has not been in vain. And she will forever remain in the history of painting in Russia forever.
All this unspeakably stirred her soul. And at the beginning, before the exhibition, this is what she wrote: “I can’t imagine what of my things can attract the attention of the public in the USSR.” And now he's in shock. Even more than from meeting her with two children after almost forty years of separation, who came to Paris to their mother.
Zinaida Serebryakova lived a long life. Life is not at all poor with various events. She died at the 83rd year of her life. She was buried in the same Russian cemetery of Sainte-Genevieve-des-Bois. I have been to this cemetery many times. But the grave of Serebryakova was not found. Found the graves of many other celebrities. One in particular struck me. Nureyev's grave. This must be seen. Maybe you can find it on the Internet. Such an oblong hill, covered with a carpet of multi-colored mosaics. In terms of vulgar luxury, it can only compete with Yeltsin's tombstone at the Novodevichy cemetery. True, Nureyev returned. And even went on stage, met with applause. He walked across this stage. Because, due to a well-known illness, he could no longer fulfill the fulfilled flight with his soul, as in former times. And then he came back again. This time, not himself, but only his image, which, like a phantom, swayed over the entire luxurious hall of the Bolshoi Theater. Yes, in what form. From this view, not only the ladies in the hall blushed with shame, but also the muses on the ceiling above the magnificent chandelier. Well, God be with him.
Zinaida Evgenievna Serebryakova, her ashes are in the Russian cemetery near Paris. Her death passed almost unnoticed in France. Almost not a line. But in our country this sad event was noticed and noted. There were articles. And there was a big obituary. It said that “the work of Z.E. Serebryakova rightfully entered the golden fund of Russian art. And it is right!
The painting by Zinaida Serebryakova “At Lunch” is a portrait made in the family kitchen. She depicted her children's dinner ceremony on it. I saw this picture for the first time in the Tretyakov Gallery, and I immediately liked it for its warmth and care.
The face of the hostess is not visible in the picture, but only her caring hands are visible, which carefully pour the soup into porcelain dishes. There is a large yellow jug on the table, a slightly smaller glass decanter, next to it a tureen stands on a striped wooden stand.
Two rosy buns lie on a round wooden stand next to the jug, almost in the center of the table. There is a small white salt shaker, a brown pot, three glasses, cookies, a neatly rolled napkin, and one empty plate for the cook herself.
When she finishes her work, then she can eat. The table is covered with a snow-white tablecloth. The oldest child in the family is Zhenya. He is 8 years old. The boy raised a glass of water to his lips and wants to drink it. His gaze is fixed on the bottom of the glass.
The youngest son Sasha, sitting with his back to us, looks, turning his head, at his mother drawing him, with an obedient look full of gratitude and attention. He keeps a spoon in his bowl of soup. Sasha started to eat. He is 7 years old. Sasha's back is straight, as befits a well-bred child.
Tata, - a little girl sits with her leg on a chair and her hand on a plate with a beautiful blue border. She's so comfortable. This is the most beloved child in the family. Judging by the self-portraits of Zinaida Serebryakova: “in the costume of Pierrot” in 1911, “with a brush”, the children are very similar to their mother. They all have brown eyes, the same hair color.
Zhenya has a gray jumper, Sasha has a gray striped jacket, and Tata has a white lace shirt over a black shirt, without a collar and also striped. The reflections on the dishes reflect the sun shining through the window. A shadow is visible on Sasha's jacket.
When we have dinner with the family, my mother sits next to my father in the middle of the table, and my sister and I on the other two sides. Usually our lunch starts with soup, then the second and third. I love cherry compote the most. We eat borscht, cabbage soup, chicken broth, or broth with meatballs for lunch. For the second, we have mashed potatoes, rice, buckwheat porridge with milk and more pasta. It happens that we eat salads at home: from cucumbers and tomatoes with mayonnaise, from pickled cabbage, with chicken and broccoli.
Dishes in our house are all glass, except for spoons and forks. I really love how my mother cooks and somehow the picture of Zinaida Serebryakova reminds her, only if there were no this cook. Mom cooks everything for us herself, that's why I love food and mom so much.
"At Lunch" (the second name is "At Breakfast") is one of the most famous works of the artist. The date of its writing is 1914. Today, the original painting is in the State Tretyakov Gallery, and its reproduction and description can be found in this publication.
Brief biography of the artist
Before making Serebryakova's "At Lunch", a few words should be said about its author. Zinaida Evgenievna was born in 1884 near Kharkov. Her parents were graphic artist Catherine Benois and sculptor Eugene Lansere. She spent her childhood and youth in St. Petersburg. The girl grew up surrounded by creative people and from childhood drew with enthusiasm.
In 1905, Zinaida Evgenievna married a railway engineer Boris Serebryakov. The couple had 4 children: sons Zhenya and Sasha and daughters Tanya and Katya. The artist was widowed early and in 1924 left for Paris, staying there forever. While living in France, she continued to write, putting her whole soul into her works. The predominant part of her paintings were portraits. Serebryakova died in 1967, leaving behind a solid artistic legacy.
Main characters
All her life for Zinaida Evgenievna, the painting remained the meaning of life. Serebryakova at dinner portrayed her children Zhenya, Shurik and Tanya. The youngest daughter of the artist Katyusha at that time was still too small and could not pose. The canvas captures the moment when the children had lunch (or breakfast) in the dining room. A beautifully set table indicates that the Serebryakov family adhered to European traditions.
The description of Serebryakova’s painting “At Lunch” should begin with a description of its three main characters. The boys depicted on the canvas are of the same weather, their sister is several years younger than them. Zhenya drinks water thoughtfully. It can be seen that he is not so much thirsty as he is simply interested in the contents of the glass. At this time, the grandmother (only her hands are depicted in the picture) pours soup into his plate with a ladle. The rest of the children are attentively looking towards the viewer. In front of Shurik is a plate filled with soup. He had already managed to eat a little of it, but something made him break away from eating and turn back. Little Tanechka's plate is empty, and she is patiently waiting for her grandmother to pour soup for her. The girl looked carefully at the same point as her brother. Curiosity is read in the large and expressive eyes of children.
The nature and appearance of children
Not only a talented artist, but also a subtle psychologist was Zinaida Evgenievna Serebryakova. “At Lunch” is not just a plot picture, in it the author conveyed each of her children. Her eldest son Evgeny grew up as a calm and dreamy boy, Shurik was restless, and her daughter Tanyusha was a very active and curious girl. These of each of the children are clearly visible on the canvas.
Continuing the description of Serebryakova’s painting “At Lunch”, it is worth paying a little attention to the appearance of the brothers and sister. The boys are dressed in blue shirts, the girl is dressed in a snow-white sundress, under which one can see a dark blouse. It is clear from the clothes that after dinner they were going for a walk. All kids have very similar faces. Tanyusha is neatly combed, but Shurik and Zhenya's hair sticks out in different directions.
Dinner table
The description of Serebryakova’s painting “At Lunch” allows you to see in Russians before the revolution. A snow-white tablecloth, napkins and beautiful dishes in those days were everyday attributes, without which not a single family meal could do in decent houses. In addition to a large tureen, bowls and glasses, on the table you can see a decanter of water, a yellow jug, a sugar bowl, a salt shaker and small plates with fresh buns and chocolate cookies.
Despite the absence of bright colors, the artist got a very sunny picture. Serebryakova “At Lunch” dedicated to her children, so every stroke on the canvas is made with a special touch. From the picture it breathes warmth and comfort. Looking at her, one can understand that the real happiness of any woman lies in her babies.
Other children's portraits of the author
“At Lunch” is not the only work in which Serebryakova painted her children. After the death of her husband, the artist created her most tragic painting, House of Cards. Here she depicted grown up and orphaned sons and daughters. Undisguised sadness and despair are read in their faces.
Children's themes slide in the paintings "Zhenya", "Tanya and Katya. Girls near the piano”, “Portrait of A. Cherkesova-Benoit with her son Alexander”, “Katya in fancy dress” and many others. According to the artist A. N. Benois, the uncle of Zinaida Evgenievna, she had no equal in painting portraits of children.
"At Lunch"
Grade 2
Lesson Objectives:
to teach students to make a comparative characteristic based on a group portrait;
show the features of the construction of the text of a comparative nature;
to enrich the speech of students with figurative and expressive means of the Russian language;
introduce vocabulary related to the theme of the portrait painting into the students' dictionary.
Planned educational results:
Personal : aware of aesthetic needs and values.
Subject: show a positive attitude towards correct oral and written speech as an indicator of the general culture and civic position of a person; know how to navigate the goals, objectives, means and conditions of communication.
Metasubject :
Regulatory: make the necessary adjustments to the action after its completion, based on its assessment and taking into account the nature of the errors made.
cognitive : they extract the necessary information from a painting, consciously and arbitrarily build a speech statement in oral and written form, analyze objects with the allocation of essential and non-essential features.
Communicative: express their ideas orally and in writing.
Technical support:
Use of ICT tools:
During the classes
1Motivation for learning activities
Look everyone at me!
Today I am a tour guide.
Not wasting a minute
I invite you on your way!
Take all the knowledge on the road!
And don't forget to smile!
2Setting the learning task .
– Which one of you was in the art gallery? What did you see there that made a special impression on you?
Let's pretend we're in an art gallery. I am a tour guide.
3 Learning new ways of doing things.
* Before you is the famous painting by Zinaida Serebryakova "At Lunch". In some sources, it can be seen under the name “At Breakfast.” On the canvas is a group of people (children) - several people sitting close to each other, together. The picture is made in the genre of a group portrait.
What is a group portrait?
group portrait- a kind of portrait, which depicts three or more characters in the same setting, connected by a unity of action.
We see three children sitting at the dinner table. Zinaida Evgenievna portrayed her children. The boy who looks directly at the viewer is called Shura - that's what his family called him. Shura is seven years old. The boy sitting on the other side of the table is called Zhenya, he is the eldest of the brothers. He is eight years old. And finally, Tata (Tatiana). She is only two and a half years old. So, we see three cute kids.
But, may I ask, how many people are in the dining room?
-Who is this woman? (pause) Maybe a maid? Or maybe the owner herself?
Who is she in your opinion?
And again I turn to the audience. Tell me, is there a place for a fourth person at the table? Yes
How did you guess? ( We see an empty chair and a device on the table.)
It becomes obvious that this is the hand of the mistress of the house, Zinaida Evgenievna Serebryakova. Now she will pour the soup and sit down in an empty seat to have lunch with her children.
4 Physical education minute
5 Independent work of students.
Let's look at the faces of the children.
1. Are the children similar to each other? Yes.
2. Who do Shura and Tata look like? (listen to your neighbor's opinion).
3. Who does Zhenya look like? (listen to your neighbor's opinion).
*Yes, of course, having examined the children, we can say with confidence that Shura and Tata look like their mother. Dark open eyes speak especially brightly about this. And also the shape of the nose and lips indicates the similarity with the mother. Zhenya, even with downcast eyes, looks a lot like his father. And the color of sky-blue eyes and an oval face.
*Let's continue to look at the picture. Notice the dining table.
Yes, the table is big enough. It is covered with a white tablecloth. An elegant table service made of white porcelain with a blue ornament. A tureen, serving and soup plates, a salt shaker and other items from one service. Everything is simple and aesthetic at the same time, which indicates the good taste of the hostess.
Let's get back to the kids.
Guys, pay attention to Tata's gesture. What is he talking about?
(Yes, the girl probably doesn’t want to eat, so she closes the plate with her chubby hand. Or maybe she prefers soup, a rich bun lying in the center of the table on a special dish)
2. Look at the chair Tata is sitting on. What do you see? Small pillow.
3 Why do you think Tate was given a pillow?
Yes, of course, Tata is still small and the dining table is too high for her, which is why Tata was offered a special pillow. This suggests that in the Serebryakovs' house they love children and take care of them, creating convenience and comfort. All children are depicted with a blush on their cheeks.
4. Think about what they did before dinner? Now it is clear why Zhenya drinks water. He ran and got excited.
The viewer can discover many more secrets hidden in the picture. They can be read indefinitely. To do this, you need to be a very attentive and interested person.
Our tour has come to an end. Thank you for your attention.
Using the working materials, compose a story based on the picture and write it down. (Writing a story on a draft, and then only in a notebook)
IV. Reflection
So what is the secret of Z. Serebryakova's painting "At Lunch"? (love for children and caring attitude)
Did you like the picture? How?
