Types and genres of literature. Types of genres of literary works A large narrative a work of art with a complex plot

The book is intended to acquaint Russian readers with the outstanding theoretical positions of modern narratology (narrative theory) and offer solutions to some controversial issues. Historical overviews of key concepts serve primarily to describe the relevant phenomena in the structure of narratives.

Based on the features of literary narrative works (narrativity, fiction, aesthetics), the author focuses on the main issues of "perspective" (communicative structure of the narrative, narrative instances, point of view, the ratio of the text of the narrator and the text of the character) and plot (narrative transformations, the role of timeless connections in the narrative text).

In the second edition, the aspects of narrativity, event and eventfulness are developed in more detail. This book is a systematic introduction to the main problems of narratology.

Dubrovsky

Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin Russian classics List of school literature grade 5-6

"Dubrovsky" is an example of the narrative prose of Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin, one of the first examples of the Russian literary language. This is the story of a man hurt by a wealthy neighbor and justice, and is based on a true court case. At the same time, the plot of the work is in many ways reminiscent of Shakespeare's tragedy Romeo and Juliet.

What is the genre affiliation of "Dubrovsky"? What is it - an unfinished novel or an almost written story? Why did Pushkin leave an almost finished text and start working on The History of Pugachev and The Captain's Daughter? Literary critics are still arguing about this, and readers are happy to follow the adventures of a young daring nobleman ...

Poetics of Chekhov. Chekhov's World: Emergence and Approval

Alexander Chudakov Biographies and Memoirs cultural code

Alexander Pavlovich Chudakov (1938-2005) - Doctor of Philology, researcher of Russian literature of the 19th-20th centuries, writer, critic. To a wide circle of readers, he is known as the author of the novel “The darkness falls on the old steps ...” (Russian Booker Prize 2011

for the best novel of the decade), and in the philological community - as the largest specialist in Chekhov's work. In the diaries of A.P. Chudakov there is an entry: “And they also say - there are no signs, predestination. I arrived in Moscow on July 15, 1954. It was all covered with newspapers with portraits of Chekhov - it was his 50th birthday.

And I walked, looked, read. And I thought: “I will study it.” And so it happened." The monograph "Chekhov's Poetics", published in 1971, when its author was in his early thirties, received international recognition and provoked fierce resistance from scientific conservatives.

The discoveries made in it and in the next book - Chekhov's World: Emergence and Statement (1986) - largely determined the further development of Czech studies. A.P. Chudakov was one of the first to propose exact methods for describing the writer's narrative system, introduced the concept of the "material world" of a work, and his main thesis - about the "accidental" organization of Chekhov's poetics - invariably causes interested disputes among researchers.

In pdf A4 format, the publisher's layout is saved, including the name index and the index of works.

Essays on Historical Writing in Classical Greece

I. E. Surikov Story Studia historica

The monograph is the result of research in the field of ancient Greek historiography, conducted by the author over a number of years. The book consists of two parts. The chapters of the first part analyze the general features of historical memory and historical consciousness in ancient Greece.

The following topics are covered: the relationship between research and chronicle in historiography, aspects of the origin of historical thought, the place of myth in the construction of the past, cyclist and linear ideas about the historical process, the mutual influence of historical writing and dramaturgy, local traditions of historical writing in the ancient Greek world, elements of the irrational in the works of classical Greek historians and etc.

The second part is devoted to various problems of the work of the "father of history" Herodotus. Its chapters deal with the following issues: the place of Herodotus in the evolution of historical thought, the influence of the epic and oral historical traditions on his work, the images of time in Herodotus' History, the problems of reliability of this author's data and his narrative skill, gender and ethno-civilizational issues in Herodotus, the question about the degree of completion of the "History" by the author, the geographical representations of Herodotus, etc.

In conclusion, the question is raised whether Herodotus belonged to the archaic or classical tradition of historical writing, and an attempt is made to give a reasoned answer. The book is intended for specialists - historians and philologists, for teachers and students of the humanities faculties of universities, for all those interested in the history of historical science.

Ada, or the Joys of Passion

Vladimir Nabokov Russian classics Eternal books (ABC)

Created for ten years and published in the USA in 1969, Vladimir Nabokov's novel "Hell, or the Joy of Passion", upon publication, gained the scandalous fame of an "erotic bestseller" and received polar reviews from the then literary critics; the reputation of one of the most controversial Nabokov's books accompanies him to this day.

Playing with the narrative canons of several genres at once (from the Tolstoy-type family chronicle to the science fiction novel), Nabokov created perhaps the most complex of his works, which became the quintessence of his previous themes and creative techniques and was designed for a very sophisticated in literature, even an elite reader. .

The story of a dazzling, all-consuming, forbidden passion that flared up between the main characters, Ada and Van, in adolescence and carried through decades of secret meetings, forced separations, betrayals and reunions, turns under the pen of Nabokov into a multifaceted study of the possibilities of consciousness, the properties of memory and the nature of Time.

Poetics of Russian autobiographical prose. Tutorial

N. A. Nikolina Educational literature Absent

The manual proposes methods for analyzing prose autobiographical texts, which can be used when considering works of other genres. Particular attention is paid to the narrative structure of the genre, its spatio-temporal and lexical-semantic organization.

Russian autobiographical prose is studied against a broad historical background (from the end of the 17th century to the 20th century), while it examines both fiction and non-fiction texts. For students and teachers-philologists, teachers of the Russian language and literature.

The manual will be useful when studying the courses "Philological analysis of the text", "Linguistics of the text", "History of Russian literature", "Stylistics".

Russia in the Mediterranean. Archipelago Expedition of Catherine the Great

I. M. Smilyanskaya Story Absent

The monograph is devoted to the initial period of the formation of the Russian presence in the Mediterranean - the Archipelago expedition of the Russian fleet in 1769-1774. The authors of the monograph turn to documentary and narrative sources (including from Russian and Western European archives), Russian and foreign press, sermons and literary works in order to identify hidden mechanisms for asserting the influence of Catherine's Russia in the Eastern Mediterranean, the role of the Archipelago expedition in establishing cultural and political contacts Russia with the population of Greece, with the ruling elite of the Italian states, with the rulers of the Middle East and North Africa.

In this perspective, the Mediterranean policy of Catherine II has not been studied before. The monograph specifically examines the propaganda strategies of Catherine the Great, as well as the Western European and Russian perception of Russia's Mediterranean action. The appendix publishes newly found manuscripts and archival documents.

Ontological problems of modern Russian prose

O. V. Sizykh Linguistics Absent

The monograph examines the problem-thematic field that determines the development of small epic forms in Russian literature of the late XX - early XXI centuries; the plot-narrative discourses that make up the artistic systems of modern prose writers (T.

N. Tolstoy, A. V. Ilichevsky, V. A. Pietsukha, L. E. Ulitskaya, L. S. Petrushevskaya, V. G. Sorokin). The main attention is paid to the semantic transformations of canonical textual units as a reflection of the ontological conflict. Continuity and connection between classical and modern Russian prose is established at the problem-thematic level, the cultural and philosophical context of modern works is revealed.

The book is addressed to philologists.

Stories by the way

Nikolay Semyonovich Leskov Russian classics Absent

The audiobook includes works united in the author's cycle "Stories by the Way". These are works that are completely different in plot, built on an anecdote, a “curious case”, depicting amusing, but no less significant situations in their national character. 1964, 1969

For the first time in Russian, the famous dilogy of Archibald Cronin! “A Sixpence Song and a Pocket of Wheat” are the first two lines of a famous English song, as well as the names of two no less famous works by Archibald Cronin, created in the best traditions of the “education novels” of Dickens, Balzac and Flaubert.

The story about the fate of a young man from Scotland, dreamy, ambitious and naive, reflected many autobiographical facts from the life of the author. Cronin narrates about his adventures, victories and defeats, losses and gains, loves and disappointments with warm humor and with that heartfelt realism that evokes sympathy and empathy, which distinguishes his original creative style.

The reader will find here the same vivid narrative gift that marked other novels of the author that have become modern classics, such as Brody's Castle, Stars Look Down, The Citadel and many others.

"Fishing in America", which brought the author worldwide fame, two million copies and a truly cult status, has been repeatedly called an "anti-novel" by critics, is a purely modernist work in which Brautigan deliberately abandons the usual narrative forms and immerses the reader in the realm of a psychedelic kaleidoscope of motives and images understood more intuitively than logically.

The book contains foul language.

Tale of fairy tales, or Fun for little kids

Giambattista Basile foreign classics Missing No data

The collection of fairy tales by the Neapolitan writer and poet Giambattista Basile (1566–1632) is one of the most striking monuments of Italian Baroque literature. Using the plot outline of folk tales, combining with them the narrative techniques of the novellas of the XIV-XVI centuries.

Basile creates original works that give a vivid picture of the life and customs of his time, a gallery of psychologically reliable images that do not lose their freshness even four centuries later. Some of Basile's tales served as the basis for Charles Perrault's The Tales of Mother Goose, as well as for the fairy tales of the Brothers Grimm.

Pyotr Epifanov translated from ancient Greek monuments of Byzantine hymnography (Roman the Melodist, John of Damascus, Cosmas of Mayum), from French - the philosophical works of Simone Weil, from Italian - poems by Giuseppe Ungaretti, Dino Campana, Antonia Pozzi, Vittorio Sereni, Pier Paolo Pasolini.

Genre as a concept appeared a long time ago, back in the ancient world. At the same time, a typology of genres appeared. Today, text typologies are more rigorous and have clear boundaries. Moreover, they are used in all areas of life - in government activities, in professional areas, theater, medicine and even everyday life.

Genres in fiction is a special complex issue. As you know, all literary works, depending on the nature of the depicted, belong to one of three genera: epic, lyric or drama .

EPOS(from the Greek “narrative”) is a generalized name for works depicting events external to the author.

LYRICS(from the Greek “performed to the lyre”) is a generalized name for works in which there is no plot, but the feelings, thoughts, experiences of the author or his lyrical hero are depicted.

DRAMA(from the Greek "action") - the generalized name of works intended for staging on stage; the drama is dominated by the dialogue of the characters, the author's beginning is minimized.

Genres called variations of the type of literary work. For example, a genre version of a story can be fantasy or historical story, and the genre variety of comedy - vaudeville etc. Strictly speaking, a literary genre is a historically established type of work of art containing certain structural features and aesthetic quality characteristic of this group of works.

		a major work of fiction that tells about significant historical events. In ancient times - a narrative poem of heroic content. In the literature of the 19th and 20th centuries, the epic novel genre appears - this is a work in which the formation of the characters of the main characters occurs in the course of their participation in historical events.
		a large narrative work of art with a complex plot, in the center of which is the fate of the individual.
		a work of fiction that occupies a middle position between a novel and a short story in terms of volume and complexity of the plot. In ancient times, any narrative work was called a story.
		a work of art of a small size, based on an episode, an incident from the life of a hero.
		a work about fictional events and characters, usually with the participation of magical, fantastic forces.
		(from “bayat” - to tell) is a narrative work in poetic form, small in size, moralizing or satirical in nature.
		(from Greek “song”) - choral, solemn song.
		(from Greek “praise”) - a solemn song to verses of a programmatic nature.
		a genre of lyrics dedicated to sad thoughts or a lyric poem imbued with sadness. Belinsky called an elegy "a song of sad content." The word "elegy" is translated as "reed flute" or "mournful song". The elegy originated in ancient Greece in the 7th century BC. e.
		(from the Provencal sonette - "song") - a poem of 14 lines, which has a certain rhyming system and strict stylistic laws. The sonnet originated in Italy in the 13th century (the creator is the poet Jacopo da Lentini), appeared in England in the first half of the 16th century (G. Sarri), and in Russia in the 18th century. The main types of the sonnet are Italian (from 2 quatrains and 2 tercets) and English (from 3 quatrains and the final couplet).
	Epigram	(from the Greek. "Inscription") - a short satirical poem of a mocking nature, which arose in the 3rd century BC. e.
	Message	a poetic letter, an appeal to a specific person, a request, a wish, a confession.
	Tragedy	(from the Greek tragos ode - “goat song”) - a dramatic work depicting a tense struggle of strong characters and passions, which usually ends with the death of the hero.
		(from the Greek komos ode - “merry song”) - a dramatic work with a cheerful, funny plot, usually ridiculing social or domestic vices.
		(“action”) is a literary work in the form of a dialogue with a serious plot, depicting a person in his dramatic relationship with society. Drama may be tragicomedy or melodrama.
	Vaudeville	a genre variety of comedy, this is a light comedy with singing couplets and dancing.
		a genre variety of comedy, this is a theatrical play of a light, playful nature with external comic effects, designed for a rude taste.
Lyroepic views (genres)		(from the Greek poieio - “I do, I create”) - a large poetic work with a narrative or lyrical plot, usually on a historical or legendary topic.
		story song of dramatic content, story in verse.

Literature is called works of human thought, enshrined in the written word and having a social meaning. Any literary work, depending on HOW the writer depicts reality in it, is attributed to one of three literary genera: epic, lyric or drama.

epic (from the Greek. "narration") - a generalized name for works in which events external to the author are depicted.

Lyrics (from the Greek "performed to the lyre") - the generalized name of works - as a rule, poetic, in which there is no plot, but the thoughts, feelings, experiences of the author (lyrical hero) are reflected.

Drama (from Greek "action") - a generalized name for works in which life is shown through conflicts and clashes of heroes. Dramatic works are intended not so much for reading as for staging. In drama, it is not external action that is important, but the experience of a conflict situation. In drama, epic (narration) and lyrics are merged into one.

Within each type of literature, there are genres- historically established types of works, characterized by certain structural and content features (see table of genres).

EPOS	LYRICS	DRAMA
epic	Oh yeah	tragedy
novel	elegy	comedy
story	hymn	drama
story	sonnet	tragicomedy
fairy tale	message	vaudeville
fable	epigram	melodrama

Tragedy (from the Greek “goat song”) is a dramatic work with an insurmountable conflict, which depicts a tense struggle of strong characters and passions, ending with the death of the hero.

Comedy (from the Greek. "fun song") - a dramatic work with a cheerful, funny plot, usually ridiculing social or domestic vices.

Drama is a literary work in the form of a dialogue with a serious plot, depicting a personality in its dramatic relationship with society.

Vaudeville - a light comedy with singing couplets and dancing.

Farce - a theatrical play of a light, playful nature with external comic effects, designed for a rude taste.

Oh yeah (from Greek “song”) - a choral, solemn song, a work that glorifies, praises any significant event or heroic person.

Hymn (from Greek “praise”) - a solemn song to verses of a programmatic nature. Initially, hymns were dedicated to the gods. Currently, the anthem is one of the national symbols of the state.

Epigram (from the Greek. "Inscription") - a short satirical poem of a mocking nature, which arose in the 3rd century BC. e.

Elegy - a genre of lyrics dedicated to sad thoughts or a lyric poem imbued with sadness. Belinsky called an elegy "a song of sad content." The word "elegy" is translated as "reed flute" or "mournful song". The elegy originated in ancient Greece in the 7th century BC. e.

Message - a poetic letter, an appeal to a specific person, a request, a wish.

Sonnet (from Provence. "song") - a poem of 14 lines, which has a certain rhyming system and strict stylistic laws. The sonnet originated in Italy in the 13th century (the creator is the poet Jacopo da Lentini), appeared in England in the first half of the 16th century (G. Sarri), and in Russia in the 18th century. The main types of the sonnet are Italian (from 2 quatrains and 2 tercets) and English (from 3 quatrains and the final couplet).

Poem (from the Greek “I do, I create”) - a lyrical-epic genre, a large poetic work with a narrative or lyrical plot, usually on a historical or legendary theme.

Ballad - lyrical-epic genre, plot song of dramatic content.

epic - a major work of art that tells about significant historical events. In ancient times - a narrative poem of heroic content. In the literature of the 19th and 20th centuries, the epic novel genre appears - this is a work in which the formation of the characters of the main characters occurs in the course of their participation in historical events.

Novel - a large narrative work of art with a complex plot, in the center of which is the fate of the individual.

Tale - a work of art that occupies a middle position between a novel and a short story in terms of volume and complexity of the plot. In ancient times, any narrative work was called a story.

Story - a work of art of a small size, based on an episode, an incident from the life of a hero.

Fairy tale - a work about fictional events and heroes, usually with the participation of magical, fantastic forces.

Fable - This is a narrative work in poetic form, of a small size, moralizing or satirical nature.

• Roman Mstislavich Galitsky (c. 1150-19 June 1205) - Prince of Novgorod (1168-1170), Prince of Volyn (1170-1187,1188-1199), Galician (1188), first prince of Galicia-Volyn (from 1199-1205), Grand Duke of Kiev (1201, 1204).
• Narrative work with a complex plot and many characters
• A large narrative, fictional work with a complex plot
• Literary work
• Great creation of a venerable writer
• Both a male name and a literary work
• Narrative work with a complex plot
• Name, affair or great work
• Name, affair and literary work
• A literary work that "argues" with the saying "brevity is the sister of talent"
• Piece of art

DIALECTISM

• Linguistic feature of speech interspersed in a work of art
• Drama. UA is a contemporary drama festival that has been taking place in Lviv since 2010.
• Literary and artistic work
• Work for the theater
• A literary work with a serious plot without a tragic outcome
• Theatrical play, stage-oriented literary work - serious, with deep internal conflict
• One of the three major genres of fiction
• One of the main genres of fiction
• A type of literary work written in dialogic form and intended to be performed by actors on stage
• If someone was killed at the beginning of the work, then this is a child.
• Installation (English installation - installation, placement, installation) is a form of contemporary art, which is a spatial composition created from various ready-made materials and forms (natural objects, industrial and household items, fragments of textual and visual information) and is an artistic whole.
• A work of art that is a composition of various objects

• Roman Mstislavich Galitsky (c. 1150-19 June 1205) - Prince of Novgorod (1168-1170), Prince of Volyn (1170-1187,1188-1199), Galician (1188), first prince of Galicia-Volyn (from 1199-1205), Grand Duke of Kiev (1201, 1204).
• Narrative work with a complex plot and many characters
• A large narrative, fictional work with a complex plot
• Literary work
• Great creation of a venerable writer
• Both a male name and a literary work
• Narrative work with a complex plot
• Name, affair or great work
• Name, affair and literary work
• A literary work that "argues" with the saying "brevity is the sister of talent"
• Piece of art

DIALECTISM

• Linguistic feature of speech interspersed in a work of art
• Drama. UA is a contemporary drama festival that has been taking place in Lviv since 2010.
• Literary and artistic work
• Work for the theater
• A literary work with a serious plot without a tragic outcome
• Theatrical play, stage-oriented literary work - serious, with deep internal conflict
• One of the three major genres of fiction
• One of the main genres of fiction
• A type of literary work written in dialogic form and intended to be performed by actors on stage
• If someone was killed at the beginning of the work, then this is a child.
• Installation (English installation - installation, placement, installation) is a form of contemporary art, which is a spatial composition created from various ready-made materials and forms (natural objects, industrial and household items, fragments of textual and visual information) and is an artistic whole.
• A work of art that is a composition of various objects