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Zhilin and Kostylin are different characters of fate. Composition on the topic "Zhilin and Kostylin: two characters - two destinies"

L.N. Tolstoy in his work "Prisoner of the Caucasus" wrote about those people who participated in the Russian-Caucasian war. This narrative is based on actual events that happened to the author himself and his colleagues in the service.

The main characters here are Russian officers who served in one of the garrisons, these are Zhilin and Kostylin. After reading their names, you involuntarily notice the consonance of the endings of their names. The meanings of their surnames are closer to opposites. The first is closer in its meaning to the word "vein", and the second means "crutch". And the appearance of the characters is also opposite. "Zhilin, though not great in stature, but daring." But Kostylin is overweight, clumsy and fat.

(Kostylin)

Their behavior is also consistent with their names. Let us recall how these officers behaved when the Tatars attacked the convoy. Zhilin "grabbed his saber" and rushed towards the Tatars, entered into battle with them. The Tatars wounded Zhilin's horse and were able to capture the officer.

Kostylin had a gun, but as soon as he saw the Tatar soldiers, he immediately took flight, rushed to the fortress, leaving Zhilin. But the treacherous flight did not save Kostylin.

(Zhilin)

In captivity, these people also behaved in their own way. When their owner, Abdul-Murat, told the young people that they would be released only when their relatives paid 5,000 rubles for each, Kostylin immediately obediently wrote a letter to his relatives and waited for the required amount from his relatives. Zhilin agreed only to write a request to send only 500 rubles to him. He wrote a letter to the wrong address, taking care of the health of his mother. He himself decided to choose the moment and run, constantly thinking over options for escaping.

One night, the Young Officers fled to the mountains. Kostylin constantly whined on the road, was frightened of everything, lagged behind. And Zhilin just laughed. He did not lose heart even when, through the fault of the first, the Tatars caught them again and returned to the village. Upon his return, Kostylin constantly lay and groaned or slept. Zhilin again began to be overcome by thoughts of escape. At that time, Ivan became friends with the daughter of his temporary owner, Dina. A thirteen-year-old girl became friends with Zhilin and subsequently played a decisive role in his fate. She saved his life by helping him escape again by giving him food for the journey.

Zhilin offered Kostylin to escape from this captivity with him. But he refused, deciding to stay. After that, Zhilin returned to his garrison, and Kostylin received freedom only a month later after his relatives sent a ransom for him.

As you can see, Kostylin and Zhilin are completely different in character and type of people. One strong, hardworking, loving children. He is kind, helping even those who were his enemy. Kostylin is selfish, who is very cowardly and at the same time lazy. He is able to betray anyone, if only he was better off. That is why their fates are different, and they make different decisions.

"Prisoner of the Caucasus"
Chapter I
1. Why is the story called "Caucasian
prisoner"?
2. Whom
called in the story "Caucasian
prisoner"?
3. What is the reason that made Zhilin
hit the road.
4. What was the danger of the path?

"Prisoner of the Caucasus"
Chapter I
5.
What made Zhilin and Kostylin
break away from the guard and go ahead?

"Prisoner of the Caucasus"
Chapter I
6. How the heroes agreed to behave when leaving
from the convoy, and how they behaved when they met
mountaineers?

"Prisoner of the Caucasus"
Chapter I
7. Tell us about how you were captured in
captured Zhilin and Kostylin.

"Prisoner of the Caucasus"
Chapter II
8.
How
decided
the fate of Zhilin, and then
and Kostylin in captivity?
9. What makes Zhilina
to bargain,
give
wrong address?

"Prisoner of the Caucasus"
Chapter III
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
How did Zhilin and Kostylin live in captivity? How
their life was different during the month of captivity
in the camp of the enemy?
With whose help we get acquainted with life
mountain village?
How did the Tatars in the first days of captivity treat
Zhilin and Kostylin and why?
Are the highlanders right when they call Zhilin a "dzhigit"
And
Kostylin
"meek"?
explain
reason for this difference.
Why locals began to come to Zhilin
residents from nearby villages?

comparison table

Quality
1. Meaning
surnames
2. Appearance
Zhilin
Kostylin
Veins - blood vessels Crutch - stick with
vessels, tendons.
crossbar,
pledged under
wiry -
mouse serving
lean,
support when walking
muscular, with
lame people or
speakers
those who are sick
veins
legs
“And Zhilin at least not“ A
Kostylin
great in stature, yes the man is daring
overweight,
was".
thick,
the whole
red and sweat from it
so it pours"

comparison table

Quality
3rd place
residence
heroes
4. What did they eat
prisoners?
Zhilin
Kostylin
Mountain Tatar aul, barn
Cake
from
millet flour or
raw dough and water;
milk,
cheese
flatbread,
piece
lamb
Only a cake
millet flour or
raw dough and water

10. Comparison table

Quality
5. Than
were engaged
officers?
Zhilin
Kostylin
"Wrote
Zhilin
letter, but not in writing
so wrote - so as not to
came. He thinks: "I
I'll go"
"Kostylin once again
wrote home
waiting for money to be sent
and bored. In whole
sits in the barn for days and
counting the days when
the letter will come; or
sleeping"
“And he looks out for everything,
asks him how
run. Walks around the village
whistles, and then sits,
anything
needlework - or from
clay dolls sculpts, or
weaves
wickerwork
from
rods. And Zhilin
any needlework was
master"

11. Comparison table

Quality
6. Opinion
Tatars about
captives
Zhilin
Kostylin
"Dzhigit"
"Smirny"

12. Comparison table

Zhilin
Kostylin
We draw a conclusion
We characterize Zhilin and Kostylin
Active person. IN
difficult
situations
Not
loses his mental strength. All
making efforts to
to get out of the village
make an escape. All of it
deeds
And
affairs
subject to the same goal of liberation.
Passive
lazy,
inactive, bored, waiting,
when the money will be sent; Not
able to adapt to
situations.

13.

"Prisoner of the Caucasus"
Chapter IV
How did Zhilin live for a month?
What is the hero's trick?
to climb the mountain?
What prevented him that evening
make an escape?
Why did Zhilin propose to Kostylin
run with him?
explain
reason
hesitation
Kostylin before the escape?

14. "Zhilin is preparing to escape"

Making a story plan
materials III and IV chapters
1. Acquaintance with the life of the Tatar village.
2. Work on the tunnel.
3. Search for the road.
4. Escape route - only to the North.
5. The sudden return of the Tatars.
6. Escape.

15. Draw a conclusion

look,
How
bright,
strongly
Maybe
manifest the character of one person and completely
not manifest the character of another in the same
circumstances.

16. Draw a conclusion

One
helps out patience, endurance,
cunning,
courage,
wish
be
free, faith in one's rightness; another
does not show any effort
to the fact that at the cost of their own efforts
to be released from captivity, although he, too,
I want to return to my homeland.

17. Homework

Prepare
story according to the plan "Zhilin
getting ready to run."

Goals:

give the concept of comparison;

learn to compare literary heroes;

to bring up responsibility for their actions, the desire to find their place in life;

develop logical thinking, speech.

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A lesson in the development of speech in literature.

Zhilin and Kostylin are two different characters, two different destinies. Comparative characteristics of heroes.

Goals: give the concept of comparison;

Learn to compare literary heroes;

To cultivate responsibility for one's actions, the desire to find one's place in life;

Develop logical thinking, speech.

DURING THE CLASSES

Organizational moment.
Setting the topic and objectives of the lesson.
Conversation on the theory of literature.

What is a comparison?

COMPARISON - comparison of one object or phenomenon with another.

We will compare two literary heroes - Zhilin and Kostylin.

Analytical discussion on the topic of the lesson.

Why is the story called "Prisoner of the Caucasus", although it has two main characters who were captured?
We will be able to answer this question more fully at the end of the lesson.
How did Zhilin and Kostylin behave during the attack of the Tatars?
Let's expressively read the episode "Redemption" ch.2 p. by roles. 211-212.
Why is Kostylin the Tatars call meek?
From Chapter 3, write out the verbs related to Zhilin and Kostylin separately.

Zhilin: looks out, elicits, runs, walks, whistles, needlework, blinded, made, dismantled, laid out, etc.

Kostylin: wrote, waited, missed, sits, counts, sleeps.

What character can be attributed to the concept of ACTION?
Which of the characters can be said to be inactive?

Retelling of the episode Failed Escape.

Tell us about how the characters tried to escape for the first time.
How does this characterize each of the characters?
Why did the second escape succeed?

Working with illustrations.

Consider the illustration on page 224 by the artist A. Itkin.
What episodes did the artist illustrate? Why?
How does the picture show the differences in the behavior of the characters?
Carefully consider the illustration on page 227 by the artist M. Rodionov.
What feelings did the artist put into the illustration? Do they match the feelings of the author? What about yours?

Vocabulary work.

The names of the heroes are, as it were, in a pair and even rhyme: Zhilin - Kostylin. Let's see what the words from which they are formed mean.

Students who have received homework are performing. They talk about the meaning of the words ZHILA and CRUTCH.

So the author, with the help of the names of the characters, gives us an additional characteristic and expresses his attitude towards them.

Summary of the lesson.

In the same conditions, the characters manifest themselves in different ways.

This type of behavior can be observed in an extreme situation, and in everyday life. The fate of a person depends on the character.

Why is the story called "Prisoner of the Caucasus"?

Homework.

Tell about the character and behavior of Zhilin and Kostylin.

Plan your story.

Lesson type: a lesson to consolidate the material covered.

Lesson Objectives:

Special:

1. Cognitive: 1) Talk about how to prepare for an essay based on the material covered in previous lessons. 2) Show the differences in the characters of the heroes of the story by L.N. Tolstoy "Prisoner of the Caucasus".

2. Developing: 1)Formation of comparative analysis skills and the ability to apply them in practice.

General subjects:

1) Develop critical thinking, the ability to compare characters;

2) To cultivate attention to the word and characteristics of the characters against the background of the development of the plot in the process of reading.

Equipment:

1) Textbook-reader (“Literature. Grade 5. At 2 hours Part 2” / V.Ya Korovina, M., 2010);

2) Lesson planning in literature: Grade 5. To the textbook by V.Ya Korovina "Literature: Grade 5". Eremina O.A., M., 2009.

During the classes:

1. Organizing time:

W:Today, in the lesson, we will prepare for a home essay on the topic “Zhilin and Kostylin - two different characters, two different destinies” based on L. Tolstoy’s story “Prisoner of the Caucasus”, which we read together in the last lesson. Your homework was to prepare a retelling and answer questions about the text.

2. Conversation on:

W:How do the names of the two main characters in L. Tolstoy's story speak about their characters?

D:Zhilin in the explanatory dictionary from "vein" - a strong ending of muscles, sinewy, two-core - strong, elastic. Kostylin from "crutch" - a stick for the lame, powerless. Surnames indicate the difference in the characters of the heroes.

W:Through whose eyes do we see pictures of the village and the life of the highlanders, and why?

D:Through the eyes of Zhilin, he was interested in everything, since from the first minute of being in captivity, he thought about escaping. Kostylin was still lying.

W:Is it fair to say about Zhilin that he is a “dzhigit”, and about Kostylin “meek”?

D:Zhilin is brave, he argues with the Tatars, bargains with them, sets his own conditions for them. Kostylin agrees to everything: to give a ransom of 5 thousand, to live in a barn ...

W:Why did people from other villages start coming to Zhilin?

D:He was mistaken for a doctor, he was considered a jack of all trades.

W:Choose from the text the verbs that characterize the behavior of Zhilin and Kostylin.

D:Zhilin: walks, looks out, needleworks, digs. Kostylin: writes, waits, misses, sleeps.

W:What can be found interesting in the life of Zhilin and Kostylin?

D:Zhilin communicates with the locals, observes their customs, keeps looking out for his fortress. Kostylin is not interested in anything, he is only waiting for me to send a ransom for him.

W:What conclusion can we draw from the comparison of the two heroes?

D:Zhilin does not sit idly by, trying to escape, Kostylin does not even think about escaping, hoping for the help of his relatives.

3. Expressive reading of chapter 5.

4. Workshop - work in pairs:

W:From the chapter, choose verbal descriptions of the actions of both heroes.

D:Zhilin (1) - He dug up a hole, notices by the stars, examines, crawled to the road, carries Kostylin on himself.

Kostylin (2) - He caught a stone with his foot, Complains, whines, is afraid of everything, grunts, groans, lags behind.

W:Why did Kostylin turn out to be not Zhilin's assistant, but his burden? Did you expect this in advance, how will the two heroes behave when escaping?

D:Kostylin is weak, he has no willpower, no patience. How the heroes would behave during the escape was clear from their behavior in captivity.

W:List the qualities of each character.

D:Zhilin: courageous, resourceful, persistent, active. Kostylin: indecisive, cowardly, selfish.

W:Let's draw conclusions: Why do the characters behave differently in the same situations?

D:It depends on their characters.

W:Tell us about the friendship between Dina and Zhilin. What did Tolstoy mean by this?

D:Chechen children are curious about Russians, not hostile. The feeling of enmity is not innate. Zhilin respects Dina's courage and kindness. The author wants to say that enmity between peoples is meaningless, the friendship of people is the norm of human communication.

5. Compilation of a comparative table.

Quality	Zhilin	Kostylin
Appearance	“But Zhilin, at least not great in stature, but he was daring.”	“And Kostylin is a heavy, fat man, all red, and the sweat is pouring from him.”
Attitude towards the horse	"Mother, take it out, do not hook it with your foot."	“The whip fries the horse from one side, then from the other.”
behavior in captivity	"Thinks:" I'm leaving. And he tries everything himself, looks out for how to escape. He walks around the aul whistling, otherwise he sits, doing some needlework.	“Kostylin wrote home again, kept waiting for the money to be sent and was bored. For whole days he sits in the barn and counts the days when the letter will arrive; or sleeping."
The attitude of the Tatars to the captives

At the lessons of literature, we got acquainted with the story of L.N. Tolstoy "Prisoner of the Caucasus". The main character of this work is the Russian officer Zhilin, who was accidentally captured by the Tatars.

There is another hero in the story, also an officer of the Russian army, Kostylin. Tolstoy narrates about the captivity of these people in his work. Zhilin and Kostylin are completely different in character. Their fates are different. They also differ externally. Kostylin is overweight, fat. He was sweating all over as the convoy moved towards the fortress. And I imagine Zhilin to be slender, very mobile.

From the very first events, Tolstoy shows how different his characters are from each other. When they drove ahead of the convoy, Kostylin had a loaded gun. But as soon as he saw the Tatars, he immediately forgot about him. He rushed to his heels and did not at all think that Zhilin was in great danger and that he could help him with a gun. Zhilin, on the contrary, when he realized that he could not get away from the chase, he decided to hack at least one Tatar with a saber.

Heroes behave differently in captivity. Kostylin immediately writes a letter home to send a ransom. Zhilin is trading. He thinks about his mother, who will not be able to find not only three thousand, but also five hundred rubles. Therefore, he writes the address on the letter incorrectly. He only hopes for himself. Zhilin immediately decided to escape from captivity.

He is very active. Always making something or walking around the aul. But not just like that. Zhilin is looking for a way to escape. In the barn, he makes a hole. At the same time, Kostylit only sleeps or "sits in the barn for whole days and counts the days when the letter will arrive." He does not try to do something on his own to save himself. Just hope for others.

During the escape, Kostylin let down both himself and his comrade. He didn't think about caution. When his legs began to hurt, Kostylin screamed, although he knew that a Tatar had recently passed by them, and with his cry he could attract his attention. And so it happened. And Zhilin again thinks not only about himself but also about his friend. He does not escape from captivity alone, but calls Kostylin with him. When Kostylin can no longer walk from pain in his legs, Zhilin carries him on himself, because "it is not good to leave a comrade."

Despite any difficulties, Zhilin still escapes from captivity. He knows he has no one to rely on. Therefore, he must save himself. He is a strong person. He succeeds. And Kostylin is weak-willed. He hopes for others. Therefore, he almost dies in captivity. They bought him out alive. This is how different characters affect the fate of each of the heroes.

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