Village - a wooden world Made by a teacher of fine arts and art. Synopsis of the ART lesson Village - wooden world Children's drawings on the theme of the village wooden world
Lesson type: combined.
Goals:
- Introduction to the origins of native art.
- Formation of aesthetic ideas about Russian wooden architecture.
- The development of creative abilities in creating an artistic image.
Tasks:
- To acquaint with the traditional image of the Russian village, the design of the house.
- Learn to portray the image of the hut.
- To give an idea of the traditional decorations of the hut and their meaning.
Equipment: presentations, illustrations, drawings, art supplies.
Lesson plan:
I. Organizational part:
Check readiness for the lesson.
II. Knowledge update:
From time immemorial in Rus', people lived in harmony with nature. The earth is not only the beauty of nature, it retains deep traces of the events of human life.
How were settlements built in Rus'?
Villages were built along the rivers, on hills with white churches on their tops, with domes burning in the sun and bells ringing far away. The huts were built from hewn, unpainted logs, which on a cloudy day looked like silver, and in the sun - like warm, luminous honey. All these are signs of the promised peace. These settlements were close to nature, decorated it.
But man can spoil nature, and there are many examples of this. The suburbs are built up with various buildings with garden plots that do not meet aesthetic criteria. In the old days, the villages had a certain structure, and carried the experience of centuries-old traditions.
III. Introduction to the topic: "The image of a traditional Russian house"
Master of Construction helps to understand the wisdom of wooden buildings of old Russian architecture. The hut is the structure of the forest region. Masters built mostly without nails, with an ax.
Viewing a presentation "Russian huts" about the beauty of Russian architecture ( Annex 1)
IV. Practical part
Creating the image of the village, you need to keep in mind the wealth of the wooden world: huts, barns, sheds, rigs, baths, mills, wells, churches, chapels, fences, gates.
There were many types of huts: barns, a basement hut with a “tale” (second floor), a porch, a grove (a function, an image of hospitality).
Exercise: Work on the image of a traditional Russian house - a hut.
Viewing the presentation "Village" ( Annex 2)
Demonstration of work techniques (on the board) with gouache paints, wide horizontal strokes with gaps depict log walls. It is necessary to choose the characteristic color of the tree: silver-gray, golden brown. Adjacent walls are solved in contrast. You need to pay attention to the fact that it is better to depict windows after the walls are painted. Carved boards of decorations of the hut are depicted in a contrasting color with a thin brush. In the course of the work, the tasks of depicting space, the coloristic integrity of the image are solved.
V. Summary
Reflection, vernissage.
VI. Exercise: Preparation of art supplies.
Lesson summary on fine arts
Teacher: Gorshkova V.V.
Lesson topic: The village is a wooden world.
Goals:
- introduce teachingwith wooden architecture;
- consider diversityie rural wooden buildings;
- phoreinforce constructive skill;
Strengthen interdisciplinary connections;
- developcreative abilities of students;
- cultivate interest in folk art.
Equipment:
materials: simple pencil, colored pencils, eraser.
visibility: sample drawing, pictures.
During the classes:
I Organizing time.
- Hello guys. Today I will give you a lesson in fine arts, my name is VictoriaVladimirovna, sit down
Check if everything is on your desks. You should have simple and colored pencils, an eraser.
Today we will go many years back, and where, you will find out by reading the rebus. (Village)
Where do you think this word came from?
Let's go together with you to the Russian village and turn into masters. So, everyone is ready. Take your jobs and go.
II Introduction to a new topic.
1. Introductory conversation.
Long ago, when Russia was called Rus, there were neither large cities nor modern stone buildings. There were only fields, but dense dark forests. From time immemorial, Russia has been a forest country.
Our land is rich in forests,
And the forest in it is both slender and even.
Once the walls and towers of the Kremlin,
And they were collected from logs.
Wood was the most accessible material for creating household items. And, of course, Russian craftsmen built their own dwellings from wood.
What was the name of this dwelling? (hut)
What was the meaning of this word in antiquity?
(In ancient times, this word sounded like “fire”, “firebox”, that is, a dwelling that was heated from the inside and served as a reliable shelter from the cold.)
Guess the riddle and you will find out which tree was used to build it.
I have longer needles than a Christmas tree.
I am growing very evenly.
If I'm not on the edge,
Branches only at the top.
What tree did you guess? (Pine)
Pine was the main building material.
What part of the tree was used in the construction? (Trunk)
Various building materials were made from the trunks: beams, boards, logs.
Men cut logs from logs,
Only one assistant-axe.
But the ancient huts are still strong,
And the pattern on the shutters is thin.
What tool was needed in the construction of wood? (Axe)
What is the name of the profession of a person who builds something out of wood? (A carpenter)
Did carpenters have nails in the old days? (No)
But how, then, logs and beams were connected to each other? (Using cutouts)
Each row of logs fastened together formed a crown. A crown upon a crown - and a cage or a log house grows. Log cabins are the basis of any construction in Rus'. If this log house was intended for housing, then it was called a chopped hut. Remember what they called mansions? (Large huts, richly decorated) And the towers? (Tall structures with living quarters on top)
Guys, who can list the components of a Russian hut? (depicted on the board)
(Log house, releases, roof, ridge, prichelina, towel, comb, forehead, frontal board, platband)
The ancient masters invested the deepest meaning not only in building a house, but also in decorating it. How were Russian huts decorated?
(threaded)
What components of the hut must be decorated? (Pricheliny, towel, frontal board)
What motifs were used in the carving? (A carved round rosette is a symbolic image of the sun, images of birds and horses, a horse's head above the hut)
What meaning did the masters put into decorating the hut? (Signs - amulets in the most important places, as it were, protected from evil spirits)
The huts in the villages have never been painted or sheathed with anything before. People knew how to appreciate the amazing beauty and warmth of wood.
What other buildings can be found in the village? (Barns - for storing grain, sheds, wells, bathhouses, mills, richly decorated gates - entrance to the courtyard, church)
Not immediately, not suddenly, building skills were born. Where do you think the ancient masters drew their experience and inspiration from? (From nature, handed down from generation to generation)
III Practical work
- Guys, let's start the practical work. Pay attention to the step-by-step execution of the drawing.
IV Job Analysis
Groups take turns presenting their work.
Is the composition correct?
VOutcome
We have built an amazing village. And now we are going back. What do you remember about our trip to the Russian village today? What new interesting things have you learned?
The presentation was made according to the program of B.M. Nemensky "Fine Arts and Artistic Work", based on the textbook for the 4th grade of elementary school "Fine Arts. Every nation is an artist" Author - L.A. Nemenskaya.
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The village is a wooden world.
Village - “tree” Huts were cut from wood, hence the word “village”. I. STOZHAROV. Northern villages.
The village is not only residential huts. This is a whole wooden world of buildings for various purposes: wells, gates - the entrance to the yard, barns, sheds, a threshing floor, bathhouses near the water.
SHED - a room for storing various things. BARN - storage room for grain and supplies
Village huts in the old days were placed out of order, but, as they said in a “joyful place”, so that the owner would be comfortable and not to interfere with the neighbor. Over time, they began to build them with a facade, that is, facing the road, and the result was a “street”, and from the streets - a village. Villages were built along the rivers.
In the center - in the best and most prominent place they put the church. People came here with their hopes, brought their sorrows and joys. Ancient churches differed little from the hut. They have only on the roof, on a thin neck - a cupola, as if tied with a scarf.
From the image of a modest peasant church, the masters gradually moved on to tent architecture. Festive striving overcame everyday life, and the princess-church was born. Step by step, the development of architectural forms went from simple to complex. This is especially evident in the image of the famous Transfiguration Cathedral from Kizhi Island in Karelia.
This is a quadrangular frame - "chetverik", on which stands the "octagon" - the octagonal base of the tent. How the chorus rush to the top of the onion dome. The domes seem to be united by a mighty force, but soft, kind and feminine. So kokoshniks appeared as decorations at cathedrals. Below, such a building was often surrounded by a hospitable porch. Tent Temple
In ancient Rus', it was believed that a village without a mill was the poorest.
Create a collective panel "The image of the Russian village" Task
Sources: L.A. Nemenskaya. Art. Every nation is an artist. Proc. for grade 4 of the primary school. / Edited by B.M. Nemensky, M. Prosvesh. 2010 http://findmapplaces.com Saransk 2010
On the topic: methodological developments, presentations and notes
Topic: The image of the artistic culture of Japan. "Japan through the eyes of children" Purpose: to form students' understanding of the diversity of Japanese culture, to educate moral and aesthetic responsiveness ...
presentation for the lesson fine arts grade 5 according to the program of B. M. Nemensky “Clothes speaks about a person”. (Summary of the topic)
The lesson is time travel. Not serious about serious. Lesson objectives: 1. To consolidate knowledge about the clothes of different peoples of a certain era, to draw a conclusion about the purpose of people's clothes ...
This work will serve as a good visualization in immersing students in the material being studied. From historical origins to the well-known Russian village, we are brought slide by slide. The evolution of the village dwelling is covered in detail. Further, the following methodological material contains information on the construction of a wooden house, which helps to design it in the lessons of technology (artistic work)
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Presentation "Russian Village" Compiled by: teacher of fine arts Maksimova Zhanna Anatolyevna school No. 411
our Motherland - Rus', Russia our ancestors - Slavs
Narrator Bayan
chronicler
A.Khutornoy Chronicler
Saida Afonina. Enlightener Joseph Volokolamsky
Center of education in Rus' - Orthodox monasteries
Holy Trinity Sergius Lavra Holy Dormition Kiev-Pechersk Lavra
Great Chronicler - Nestor the Monk
Religion of the ancient Slavs - paganism (polytheism)
World tree (tree of worlds)
The supreme lord of the Universe, the personification of the God of the Family. The name Svarog comes from the Old Slavonic root "sva" - the sky ("light, holy") and "horn" - a symbol of the masculine principle. Svarog
Perun - God of the ancient Slavs (Yarilo)
V.I.Filyakin Bereginya
Makosh - Earth - personifies the feminine principle of nature and is the wife of Svarog. The expression Mother - Earth, a modern version of the name of the ancient Slavic goddess The symbol of Mokosh in embroidery
Makoshi's daughters
Bird Gamayun-messenger of the gods, V. Korolkov telling people the future
Birds Sirin and Alkonost V.M.Vasnetsov 1896
people worshiped the gods consulted with them, brought offerings
swore military loyalty and courage
their idols stood everywhere Chugriev V.Yu. Slavic village
About the gods composed myths and legends
In honor of the gods, festivities were organized Lebedev K.V. Night on Ivan Kupala
So it was until Prince Vladimir brought the Christian Orthodox Faith to Rus'
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down with idols
Viktor Vasnetsov. The Baptism of Prince Vladimir Frescoes in the Vladimir Cathedral
Viktor Vasnetsov. Baptism of Rus' Frescoes of Vladimir Cathedral
Stanislav Babyuk. The overthrow of Perun
Slavic settlement
The Slavs lived in tribal communities, settlements, villages, cities.
The Slavs surrounded their settlements with the walls of Gardarik
They built on a hill so that they were nearby -
forest and river
Such Slavs represented the river
Boris Olshansky
Good bad places
Unkind - were considered places of old conflagrations
Places with distorted trees
Places with distorted trees
Places with strange
scary trees
For the settlement, they chose bright "clean" places without notoriety
Panasenko. motherland
What does it cost us to build a house!
For the construction it was important to take the "right" tree
They believed that the trees are alive, everyone sees and hears
Mighty, old trees were not cut down
The Slavs believed that the souls of the wise men lived in them.
It was impossible to cut down young, growing trees
What tree species were used to build the house?
Shishkin I. Oak Grove
Shishkin I. Birch Grove
Shishkin I. Tops of pines
Shishkin I. Spruce forest
Before cutting down a tree, they bowed to him, asked his forgiveness and explained the need for a log house.
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Russian village
The center and soul of every village, every village is the church - the temple of God
Wooden houses were built simple - one-story and more complex, two-story
Archaeological excavations provide the most interesting and reliable information about the life of the settlements of our ancient and not very distant ancestors.
Trinity excavation, 12th century. Novgorod
Yuryevo settlement Novgorod Museums of wooden architecture
The Slavs arranged their first houses in the ground (dugouts)
A dugout without walls and with a stove
A dugout with walls, a roof and an adobe stove with a brazier
The walls and roof of the dugout are being strengthened
The house got out of the ground, a portage window and a porch appear
The roof structure is improved, the foundation is strengthened, the window is enlarged
From the memories of A. Tvardovsky's childhood: “Most people have a sense of homeland in the broad sense - their native country, homeland - is complemented by a sense of a small, original homeland in the sense of their native places, fatherland, district, city or village. This small homeland with its own special appearance, with its most modest and unpretentious beauty, appears to a person in childhood at the time of life-long impressions of a childish soul, and with it, this separate and personal homeland, he comes over the years to that big homeland that embraces all the small ones and in its great whole is one for all. “For most people, the feeling of the motherland in the broad sense - the native country, fatherland - is supplemented by the feeling of the homeland of the small, original, motherland in the sense of native places, fatherland, district, city or village. This small homeland with its own special appearance, with its most modest and unpretentious beauty, appears to a person in childhood at the time of life-long impressions of a childish soul, and with it, this separate and personal homeland, he comes over the years to that big homeland that embraces all the small ones and in its great whole is one for all.
My village stands on a sloping hill, My village stands on a sloping hill, A spring with cold water is at hand from us. Everything around me is gratifying, I know the taste of water, I love everything in my native land with my soul and body ... I will see a lot - after all, life is still long, And there is probably more than one road waiting for me; And only wherever I am, and no matter what I do, - You are in my memory and in my heart, dear side! G. Tukay G. Tukay
The author of the presentation Sharipova Alfina Kasimovna - a teacher of fine arts; Sharipova Alfina Kasimovna - teacher of fine arts; MOU "Bardym secondary school 2"; MOU "Bardym secondary school 2"; The highest category; The highest category; Teaching experience - 23 years; Teaching experience - 23 years;
