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Analysis of the fairy tale black chicken or underground inhabitants. Tale of Antony Pogorelsky "Black Hen, or Underground Inhabitants"

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Lesson Objectives:

Reveal the ideological content of the tale through text analysis.
The development of monologue and dialogic speech of students.
The development of the mental activity of students: the ability to analyze, synthesize, generalize.
Developing the ability to compare different types of art.
Development of skills of expressive reading of the text.
Formation of moral orientations for the recognition of true and false values.
Identification of the relevance of the work for modern schoolchildren.
Creation of psychological and pedagogical conditions for the personal growth of each student.

Methods and techniques: verbal, visual-illustrative, problematic.

Equipment:

Computer.
Projector.
Presentation “Moral lessons of life. Analysis of the fairy tale "The Black Hen, or Underground Inhabitants".
Animated film "Black Chicken".
Exhibition of students' drawings based on A. Pogorelsky's fairy tale “The Black Hen, or Underground Inhabitants”.

During the classes

1. Organizational moment. Checking the readiness of the class for the lesson.

2. The main part.

Brief biographical information about A. Pogorelsky.

Literary quiz.

Analysis of the fairy tale by A. Pogorelsky “The Black Hen, or Underground Inhabitants”.

Teacher's word:

1. Setting goals and objectives for students.

2. For correct answers in the lesson and additions, students will receive tokens, according to the number of which they will receive marks at the end of the lesson. A score of “5” is given for 6 or more tokens, a score of “4” for 5 tokens.

3. Story about the writer (slide 2-12)

A carriage rides along the cold streets of winter Petersburg. Her passenger - a gray-haired man with surprisingly kind and somehow childish eyes - thought deeply. He thinks about the boy he is going to visit. This is his nephew, little Alyosha.

The carriage stops, and the passenger, with a slightly sad, but boyishly courageous face, thinks about how lonely his little friend is, whom his parents sent to a closed boarding house and even rarely visit. Only his uncle often visits Alyosha, because he is very attached to the boy and because he remembers well his loneliness in the same boarding school many years ago.

Who is this person?

This is Alexey Alekseevich Perovsky. The son of a nobleman, a rich and powerful Count Alexei Kirillovich Razumovsky, who owned the village of Perovo near Moscow and the village of Pogoreltsy, Sosnitsky district, Chernigov province, 53 thousand serfs. The count himself was the grandson of the registered Cossack Grigory Rozum, the son of the last Ukrainian hetman, an influential nobleman of Catherine and a prominent Russian freemason.

The son of such a man might have been a prince, but Alexei was illegitimate. Although, being in the house of his father in the position of pupils, the Perovskys received an excellent education. There is evidence that Count Alexei Kirillovich especially favored the eldest - Alexei. But he was a hot-tempered man, capable of terrible outbursts of anger. And in one of these evil moments, he sent his son to a closed boarding school.

How lonely Alyosha was in the cold government rooms! He was very homesick and one day he decided to run away from the boarding house. The memory of the escape remained for the rest of his life lameness: Alyosha fell from the fence and injured his leg.

Then Alyosha grew up. In August 1805, Alexei entered Moscow University and in October 1807 he graduated with a doctorate in philosophy and literature.

In the same 1807, he made his literary debut: he translated N.M. Karamzin's story "Poor Lisa" into German and published his translation with a dedication to his father.

For two years he led the life of a diligent official: he served in the Senate, traveled with revisions to the Russian provinces, and then, having settled in Moscow, he became a good friend of V.A. Zhukovsky, P.A. Vyazemsky, V.L. Pushkin, I.A. Krylov and other writers of the "friendly artel" and one of the founders of the "Society of Lovers of Russian Literature". He was friends with Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin, who greatly appreciated his kind soul.

The year 1812 came, and Anthony Pogorelsky fought against Napoleon as the headquarters captain of the Third Ukrainian Regiment, even his lameness did not prevent him from being a brave military officer.

He returned to St. Petersburg in 1816 and changed his military uniform to an official one - a court adviser. However, soon circumstances developed in such a way that his sister with a one and a half month old nephew was in his care, whom he took to his hereditary Little Russian estate Pogoreltsy.

Here, being engaged in gardening, supplying ship timber to the Nikolaev shipyards, acting as a trustee of the Kharkov educational district and - most of all - raising his nephew Alyosha, Perovsky composed the first fantastic stories in Russia.

First, in 1825, in the St. Petersburg magazine "News of Literature", he published - under the pseudonym "Antony Pogorelsky" - "Lafertov's poppy flower". Three years later, the book "The Double, or My Evenings in Little Russia", the fairy tale "Black Hen, or Underground residents”, and then the novel “Monastyrka” will be added to the creative baggage.

The literary heritage of the writer is small, however, and it is hardly studied. His archive almost disappeared without a trace, carelessly left by the writer to the will of fate and the play of chance. In the last years of his life, having completely abandoned literary activity, indifferent to literary glory, Pogorelsky cared little about him. According to legend, the manager of his estate, a passionate gourmet, exhausted the papers of his patron for his favorite food - cutlets in papillots. ( papilotka - a paper tube worn on the legs of chickens, turkeys, game, as well as on the bones of chops when they are fried. (Modern explanatory dictionary of the Russian language Efremova))

Pogorelsky wrote several books for adults, but one of his books was especially important for him - this is his fairy tale "The Black Hen". He wrote it for his nephew. Little Alyosha told Pogorelsky how, walking in the boarding house yard, he made friends with a chicken, how he saved her from a cook who wanted to make broth. And then this real case turned under the pen of Pogorelsky into a fairy tale, kind and wise.

In the summer of 1836, A.A. Perovsky went to Nice for the treatment of "chest disease" (ischemic heart disease) and died in Warsaw on the way there. His sister Anna and nephew Alexei were with him.

Perovsky's nephew, the one to whom the fairy tale “The Black Hen, or Underground Inhabitants” is dedicated, having matured, became a remarkable and famous writer himself. This is Alexei Konstantinovich Tolstoy.

4. Literary quiz (slide 13-33)


What is the real name and surname of the writer Anthony Pogorelsky.	Alexey Alekseevich Perovsky
What sights are mentioned at the beginning of Antony Pogorelsky's story "The Black Hen, or Underground Dwellers"?	St. Isaac's Square, the monument to Peter the Great, the Admiralty, Horse Guards Manege
What was Alyosha's only consolation on Sundays and holidays?	Reading books
What is the name of the cook who was supposed to destroy Chernushka	Trinushka
What were boys' bedrooms called in the 19th century?	Dormitories
During the gala dinner in honor of the director, many delicious dishes were served for dessert, including bergamots. What it is?	Pear variety
Why did Alyosha's first attempt to get into the underground kingdom fail?	Alyosha woke up the knights
“Here she cackled in a strange voice, and suddenly, out of nowhere, small candles appeared in silver shackles…” What are “shandals”?	Candlesticks
What animals were in the royal menagerie?	Big rats, moles, ferrets
What were the paths in the underground kingdom strewn with?	Different stones: diamonds, yachts, emeralds and amethysts
“The trees also seemed to Alyosha remarkably beautiful, although, moreover, very strange. They were of different colors: red, green, brown, white, blue and purple. When he looked at them with attention, he saw that it was…”	It was some kind of moss

5. Analysis of the fairy tale by A. Pogorelsky “The Black Hen, or Underground Inhabitants”. Conversation with students (Slides 34-41)

- Tell us about Alyosha's life in a boarding school (word drawing or text retelling)

(“... in that boarding school there was one boy named Alyosha, who was then no more than 9 or 10 years old. Alyosha was a smart, nice boy, he studied well, and everyone loved and caressed him. However, despite the fact that he was often bored it happened in a boarding school, and sometimes even sad ... The days of teaching passed quickly and pleasantly for him, but when Saturday came and all his comrades hurried home to their relatives, then Alyosha bitterly felt his loneliness. On Sundays and holidays, he remained alone all day, and then his only consolation was reading books. Alyosha already knew by heart the deeds of the most glorious knights. His favorite pastime on long winter evenings, on Sundays and other holidays, was mentally transported to ancient, bygone centuries ... Alyosha's other occupation was to feed chickens who lived near the fence. Among the hens, he was especially fond of the black crested one, called Chernushka. Chernushka was more affectionate towards him than others; she even sometimes allowed herself to be stroked, and therefore Alyosha was the best he brought pieces to her”, pp. 46-49).

- Watch a fragment of the animated film and try to determine if there is a difference in the image of saving Chernushka by Antony Pogorelsky and the creators of the cartoon.

(The difference is that Antony Pogorelsky in the fairy tale shows how Alyosha asks the cook Trinushka not to cut the chicken. In the cartoon, the rescue scene is presented differently: a kite suddenly swoops in, Alyosha boldly rushes at him with a stick and beats off Chernushka).

- Why do you think Chernushka decided to tell Alyosha her secret?

(Alyosha was a kind boy. Chernushka wanted to thank the boy for saving her life. Chernushka probably wanted to make Alyosha's life more interesting and informative).

- Watch a fragment of an animated film. What interesting trees grew in the fairy garden?

(There were trees whose fruits could make a person wise; seeds of goodness ripened on another tree; a tree of health grew).

- Watch a fragment of an animated film. What changed in Alyosha himself, around him, when he received a hemp seed?

(“He approached the teacher with trepidation, opened his mouth, still not knowing what to say, and - unmistakably, without stopping, said the assignment. For several weeks, the teachers could not praise Alyosha. He knew all the lessons without exception, all the translations from one language to another were without mistakes, so that they could not be surprised at his extraordinary success. He began to think a lot, put on airs in front of other boys and imagined that he was much better and smarter than all of them. Alyosha's temperament completely deteriorated from this: from a kind, sweet and a modest boy, he became proud and disobedient. Alyosha became a terrible rascal. Not having the need to repeat the lessons that were assigned to him, he, at the time when the other children were preparing for classes, engaged in pranks, and this idleness spoiled his temper even more. Then, when he was a kind and modest child, everyone loved him, and if he happened to be punished, then everyone regretted him, and this served him as a consolation. they looked at him and did not say a word to him. Page 75-80)

- Why didn’t Alyosha get pleasure from praise for excellent answers at the beginning?

(“An inner voice told him that he did not deserve this praise, because this lesson did not cost him any trouble. Alyosha was inwardly ashamed of these praises: he was ashamed that they set him up as an example to his comrades, while he did not deserve it at all. Conscience she often reproached him for this, and an inner voice said to him: "Alyosha, don't be proud! Don't ascribe to yourself what doesn't belong to you; thank fate for bringing you benefits against other children, but don't think that you are better If you do not correct yourself, then no one will love you, and then, with all your learning, you will be the most unfortunate child!” P. 75-76)

- What advice does Chernushka give to Alyosha until the boy has completely lost himself?

(“Do not think that it is so easy to correct oneself from vices when they have taken over us. Vices usually enter through the door and go out through the crack, and therefore, if you want to correct yourself, you must constantly and strictly look after yourself.” P. 81 )

- Do Chernushka's advice match the teacher's conclusions?

(Yes. Both Chernushka and the teacher agree that idleness corrupts a person, labor is a condition for a person’s moral beauty. “The more abilities and talents you have by nature, the more modest and obedient you should be. Not for this God gave you mind, so that you use it for evil.” P. 84)

Why did Alyosha betray Chernushka?

(He was afraid of punishment). Watching a fragment of an animated film.

The story ends tragically. The inhabitants of the underground kingdom left, Alyosha is punished for betrayal. Watch a fragment of the animated film. Does Chernushka believe that Alyosha will improve?

(Yes. Only a believer can say this: “I forgive you; I can’t forget that you saved my life, and I still love you ... One thing you can console me in my misfortune: try to improve and be again the same kind boy as you were before". pp. 86-88)

Has Alyosha recovered?

(Yes. He “tried to be obedient, kind, modest and diligent. Everyone loved him again and began to caress, and he became an example for his comrades.” P. 88)

- Conclusions. Notebook entry.

The book reminds us of the main thing: we are all pure and noble in our souls, but we must educate the Good in ourselves. To be able to be grateful, responsible, earn the love and respect of others - all this requires effort. Otherwise, there is no way, and trouble can threaten not only us, but also those whom we love and who trust us. A real Miracle can happen only once, and you have to be worthy of it...

Moral lessons of life

You can not put yourself above other people, even if you know a lot and can do it.

It is necessary to develop modesty, diligence, diligence, a sense of duty, honesty, respect for people, kindness.

You have to be strict with yourself.

6. Psychological and pedagogical situation (students work on sheets of paper in the classroom).

Guys, imagine that you are in the fairy-tale world of the underworld. And the king offers you a reward for saving Chernushka. What Alyosha asked you already know. What would you ask?

Student responses:

I would ask for a grain of health, because this health is the most important thing. (3 persons).

I would ask that it never be winter.

I would ask Chernushka to be honest, not to lie to other people, to study well.

7. Work with illustrations by students. Tell what part of the story is shown in the picture. Why was this piece chosen?

8. Homework. At the choice of students. (Slide 42)

1. Fill in the table “True and False Values of Life”

(The task should be completed approximately as follows:

2. Compose your own version of the continuation of the fairy tale “What could happen next?

Alyosha became a sweet, modest boy. And then one day the garden appeared again, the underground inhabitants returned. Upon learning of this, Alyosha immediately ran to look for Chernushka. He found her. He was so happy that he even cried and said: “I thought I would never see you!” To which Chernushka replied: “Well, what are you, I’m back, don’t cry!” This is how this instructive story about the boy Alyosha ended. (Malygina Svetlana).

- ... A few years later, Alyosha's parents came. For exemplary behavior, his parents took him on a trip to different countries. Of course, no one told the parents about this story. Then Alyosha grew up, entered a famous university, studied only perfectly well. His parents were happy for him. (Koval Oksana).

9. Evaluation of student work.

Literature:

Children's fairy tale magazine "Read it," article "Author of" Black Hen "Anthony Pogorelsky (1787-1836). 2000. http://www.coffee.ru
Korop V. Anthony Pogorelsky (1787-1836). http://www.malpertuis.ru/pogorelsky_bio.htm
Malaya S. Anthony Pogorelsky. http://www.pogorelskiy.org.ru
Pogorelsky A. Black chicken, or underground inhabitants. Moscow: Rosman. 1999. S. 45-90.

"The Black Hen" is a short story by Antony Pogorelsky, written by him for his little nephew Alexei Tolstoy, the future well-known writer. In this article, we will provide an analysis of the story "The Black Hen", which will help you get to know the work better and understand its essence. It will not be superfluous to also read the summary of this story. But first, let's discuss what genre Black Hen belongs to and talk about the main character.

Genre of the work "Black Hen, or Underground Inhabitants"

The work is subtitled "A Fairy Tale for Children", although it is more in line with the genre of a romantic fairy tale. Here there is a dual world characteristic of romanticism: the real world is the boarding school where the main character Alyosha studied, and the magical world is the underworld. Moreover, these two worlds are not isolated from each other. For example, Chernushka is actually an ordinary chicken, but in the magical world, an honored minister.

With a fairy tale, the work has in common the presence of a hero who must pass tests, the presence of magical objects (hemp seed), the motive of a triple repetition. An analysis of the story "The Black Hen" clearly shows this.

The image of the protagonist of the work "Black Hen"

The main character is the boy Alyosha, who lives and studies in a boarding school in St. Petersburg.

At first, he is shown as an inquisitive and intelligent child who likes teaching, he is friends with his comrades, only sad on weekends and holidays, waiting for letters "from dad and mom". Another good quality of Alyosha is his kindness. He feeds the chickens in the yard, and when the cook is about to slaughter his beloved Chernushka, he rushes to protect the chicken with tears and gives his golden imperial just to save her. Considering the plot of the fairy tale, let's continue the analysis of Pogorelsky's "Black Hen".

For a good deed, the Corydalis decided to thank her savior. She showed him the underworld so that the boy would not feel his loneliness so acutely. His life becomes interesting: in the magical kingdom, he sees knights, talks with the king, walks in an unusual garden, looks at beautiful trees of unusual colors, wild animals on chains. Chernushka tells him in detail about the underworld and his people.

As a reward for his kindness, Alyosha receives another gift - a hemp seed, thanks to which he can answer any lesson without learning anything at all. It should be noted that the king with a sigh gives the boy such a seed: he is forced to do this, as he promised to fulfill his desire for saving Chernushka. But the ruler does not like at all that Alyosha will be lazy and receive praise without making any effort.

Conclusions in the analysis of the story "Black Hen"

Let us note that Alyosha himself at first feels awkward when he is praised for a good answer: an inner voice insists that he does not deserve praise, because “this lesson does not cost him any work.”

Pogorelsky shows how Alyosha has changed: soon he was no longer tormented by pangs of conscience, he himself believed in his own extraordinary abilities, began to put on airs in front of other boys. As a result, the hero lost all his friends. Pogorelsky notes that in Alyosha, as in any person, there is an internal struggle. He felt that the praises were unfair, he should improve, but pride took over, and the boy became more and more selfish.

In addition, the analysis of the story "The Black Hen" reveals that in this work Pogorelsky gives a moral lesson to his readers: other people's merits will not bring happiness, undeserved success, which is not the result of labor, leads to selfishness and the loss of good qualities of character.

The culmination of the work is the moment of Alyosha's betrayal. He talks about the underworld, violating the ban, and Chernushka, along with all the inhabitants, is forced to move "far, far from these places."

Pogorelsky contrasts the generous Chernushka and Alyosha, who has become petty and cowardly. The underground minister forgives Alyosha before leaving, he remembers his salvation and is still grateful for it. He only asks the boy for one thing: to become kind and good again. Alyosha suffers for a long time because of his act, feels guilty and strives with all his might to improve. He succeeds, he becomes "obedient, kind, modest and diligent." And we also note one important thought, making an analysis of the story "The Black Hen".

Pogorelsky, using the example of Alyosha, shows his young readers that kindness, curiosity, honesty must be constantly nurtured in oneself. One of our careless, cowardly acts can bring misfortune to others. You can earn the love and respect of people only by doing good deeds for others.

You have read the analysis of the story "The Black Hen" by Anthony Pogorelsky. We hope that this article was interesting and understandable. Visit our blog often, because there you will find hundreds of articles with similar topics. Read also

Help please What is the main idea of the tale (Black Hen or Underground inhabitants)? and got the best answer

Answer from Elena Gilbert[newbie]
The main idea of \u200b\u200bthe fairy tale "The Black Hen" is that we are all initially pure and kind, but we begin to "spoil", getting everything for nothing. As the boy Alyosha in this tale was smart and diligent, so having received a magic seed, he began to play pranks. After all, in order to be praised or encouraged, it was not necessary to work, everything began to turn out easily, without effort, by itself. He did not appreciate the gratitude of Chernushka, who thanked him so generously. This suggests that we ourselves must cultivate goodness, honesty, responsibility and, of course, be grateful)
The author wanted to show us that if we do not appreciate what we have, then we lose it. And think about how our actions can affect others.

Answer from Valera Vadyzhev[newbie]
The main idea of \u200b\u200bthe fairy tale "The Black Hen" is that we are all initially pure and kind, but we begin to "spoil", getting everything for nothing. As the boy Alyosha in this tale was smart and diligent, so having received a magic seed, he began to play pranks. After all, in order to be praised or encouraged, it was not necessary to work, everything began to turn out easily, without effort, by itself. He did not appreciate the gratitude of Chernushka, who thanked him so generously. This suggests that we ourselves must cultivate goodness, honesty, responsibility and, of course, be grateful) The author wanted to show us that if we do not appreciate what we have, then we lose it. And think about how our actions can affect others.

Answer from Nikita Terekhov[newbie]
The main idea of \u200b\u200bthe fairy tale "The Black Hen" is that we are all initially pure and kind, but we begin to "spoil", getting everything for nothing. As the boy Alyosha in this tale was smart and diligent, so having received a magic seed, he began to play pranks. After all, in order to be praised or encouraged, it was not necessary to work, everything began to turn out easily, without effort, by itself. He did not appreciate the gratitude of Chernushka, who thanked him so generously. This suggests that we ourselves must cultivate goodness, honesty, responsibility and, of course, be grateful) The author wanted to show us that if we do not appreciate what we have, then we lose it. And think about how our actions can affect others.0/0 1

The work "Black Hen or Underground Inhabitants" was written by Pogorelsky in 1829. There are facts that confirm that the tale was written for the nephew of the writer Tolstoy, the future virtuoso of Russian literature. The story of the fairy tale began with the fact that little Tolstoy told his uncle that he once played in the yard with a chicken. These words became the founders of the fairy tale, which is still relevant today.

The author assigned the subtitle "A Magic Story for Children" to the work. But, if we turn to literary criticism, then the story is a work of medium volume, in which there are several plot lines. But, in fact, this is not a story, since the storyline is one and the volume of the work is closer to the story. This work can be attributed to the genre of a fairy tale, because in addition to real events, there are fantastic ones in it.

The author constructed the plot in such a way that it is quite easy to discern the dual world, it is always characteristic of romanticism. The reader reads about events in the real world, this is a boarding house, and also in a fictional one, in the work this is the underworld. Pogorelsky is inclined towards romanticism, perhaps this is due to the fact that he served with Hoffmann. The main theme of the tale is the adventure of Alyosha, who is looking for adventure either in the underworld or in a boarding house. The author in the work is trying to say that it is very important to keep your word, and it is also better to do something yourself. In addition, in the work you can see the idea that you can not put yourself above the rest.

From the very beginning of the work, the reader is immersed in it, because almost from the first lines the author takes the reader to the city of St. Petersburg. In almost two paragraphs, the author describes the city and the boarding house in which the events take place directly. The central character is Alyosha, as well as Chernushka, a chicken. The heroes of the second plan are the teacher, the cook and the grandmothers of Holland. In addition to these characters, there are also teams, such as the students of the boarding house and the inhabitants of the dungeon.

All events occur in a chain, everything is logical. Alyosha meets people in a boarding house, then with a chicken, and soon saves Chernushka. Then the boy gets into the dungeon with the minister and studies with a hemp seed. Then he loses this grain, but in the end Alyosha fixed everything, and everything that was now looked like a vague dream.

Thanks to the "two worlds", the author was able to show with the help of the work many problems that are eternal, and therefore relevant today. This tale is a kind of example of how it is necessary to present eternal problems to the reader. This work is very useful to read to children, but it is equally important to read the work to adults.

Detailed Analysis

The tale of Anton Pogorelsky is not accidentally studied in the school curriculum. This is a wonderful piece of literature. Recognizable, original, Russian.

It seems to be a fairy tale, but it does not resemble any of the known to us. This story contains more real events than fiction.

The action takes place not in the third or ninth kingdom, but in St. Petersburg, on Vasilyevsky Island. Parents give the boy Alyosha to a boarding house, having paid for education several years in advance. For some worldly reasons, they completely forget about their son.

Alyosha yearns and misses his home, his parents. He feels his loneliness and abandonment especially sharply on holidays and weekends, when all his comrades go home. The teacher allows him to use his library. Alyosha reads a lot, especially novels about noble knights.

When the weather is fine and he gets tired of reading, Alyosha goes out into the yard. The space of the courtyard is limited by a fence made of baroque boards, beyond which he cannot go. He likes to observe the life of the alley through the holes made of wooden nails, which, as if specially for him, were drilled into the baroque boards by a kind sorceress.

Alyosha also made friends with chickens, especially with Chernushka. He treated her to crumbs from the dinner table and talked to her for a long time. It seemed to him that she understood him and responded with sincere affection.

Wonderful style and language of the story: detailed, figurative. What is worth, for example, the observation that people grow old over the years, while cities, on the contrary, get younger and prettier.

The characters in the tale are depicted with a few precise strokes. But they appear before the reader's imagination voluminously, realistically, vividly. These are not stereotyped heroes, these are living people, characters, birds, animals, animals.

The action in the story develops logically, sequentially. All the inhabitants of the estate, in which the boarding house is located, are waiting for the arrival of the director of schools on one of the weekends. Especially waiting for his family of teachers. They started cleaning the boarding house in the morning. Preparations are underway in the kitchen.

Alyosha is not happy with these events. He noticed that usually on such days the number of hens with whom he was accustomed to communicate decreases. Not without reason, he assumes that the cook is involved in this. So this time, she went out into the yard with the intention of catching another chicken in order to cook a meat dish from it for the festive table.

The "fighting little chick" filled the boy with horror. She chased the chickens and caught his beloved Nigella. It seemed to Alyosha that the hen was calling him for help. Without hesitation, he rushed to the rescue. The cook, in surprise, let go of the chicken from her hands, and it flew up to the roof of the barn. The angry Chukhonka shouted: “Why bother? He doesn’t make an egg, he doesn’t sit a syplatka!”

To calm the cook, Alyosha gives her a golden imperial, which was very dear to him, because his grandmother gave him a coin as a keepsake.

Then the guests arrived. Alyosha represented the director of schools as a knight in armor with a “feathered helmet” on his head. It turned out that this was a small, puny man with a bald head instead of a helmet, in a tailcoat instead of armor. He arrived in a cab, not on horseback. It was completely incomprehensible why everyone treated him with such respect.

Alyosha was dressed up and forced to portray a capable student in front of the guests. Tired of the events of the day, he finally goes to bed.

This is where the fabulous events begin. The reader can guess whether they happen in reality or in Alyosha's dream.

Nigella appears from under the sheet on the next bed. She speaks with a human voice. In gratitude for the salvation, he wants to show Alyosha a wonderful country with underground inhabitants. He warns you that you will have to go through the rooms of hundred-year-old old Dutch women who lived here, in a boarding house, and about whom Alyosha had heard a lot. When passing through their rooms, nothing can be touched and nothing can be done.

Twice the hen led the boy to the underworld, and both times he disobeyed her. The first time he said hello to the scientific cat for the paw, the second time he nodded to the doll. Therefore, the knights descended from the walls and blocked the path to the underworld, Chernushka had to fight with the knights in order to get to the king.

In gratitude for saving his beloved minister (who turned out to be Chernushka), the king of the underworld gives Alyosha a wonderful hemp seed that can fulfill any desire.

Alyosha wished to know everything from his studies, without preparing for the lessons. At first, he surprised both teachers and his comrades with his abilities, but then he had to admit that he received a wonderful gift from the king of the underworld.

Alyosha loses the grain, and with it his abilities. Nigella and the underground inhabitants do not take offense at him, although they had to leave their favorite places. Alyosha is given a chance to improve.

The tale teaches that the respect of others must be tried to earn. Undeserved success makes a person proud, swaggering, arrogant. One lie leads to another. It is not easy to get rid of vices. But there is always a chance to start a new good life.

Pogorelsky Anthony, the fairy tale "The Black Hen or the Underground Inhabitants"

The main characters of the fairy tale "Black Hen" and their characteristics

Alyosha, a 10-year-old boy, is a kind and compassionate, cheerful comrade. but having received a magic seed, he becomes proud, arrogant. mischievous. Alyosha betrays the trust of the underground inhabitants and is tormented by shame. He's on the mend again.
Chernushka, at the same time a chicken and a minister. Kind, gentle, fair, grateful. At the same time, he is a wise and attentive politician. Punished for Alyosha's misdeed.
The teacher believed that Alyosha was deceiving him and flogged the boy with rods. However, it was the norm back then.

Plan for retelling the fairy tale "The Black Hen"

Old boarding house in St. Petersburg
Boy Alyosha and his Chernushka
Saving Chernushka, golden imperial
Director is not a knight
Chernushka's first visit
Alyosha's carelessness and the black knights
Chernushka's second visit
Underworld
King
hemp seed
Garden and menagerie
Rat hunting
Alyosha's character is changing
seed loss
The return of the seed and the censure of Chernushka
Betrayal and spanking
Farewell to Chernushka
Illness and recovery.

The shortest content of the fairy tale "Black Hen" for the reader's diary in 6 sentences

Alyosha saves the chicken Chernushka from the cook, and the cook calls him in gratitude
The first time the knights do not let them pass, but on the second night Alyosha finds himself in the underworld
The king thanks Alyosha for saving the minister and gives a hemp seed
Alyosha sees the wonders of the underworld and takes part in the rat hunt
Alyosha becomes disobedient, proud, and his comrades stop loving him, and the teacher threatens to flog him.
Alyosha tells about the underground inhabitants and they are forced to go to distant lands, Alyosha gets sick, recovers and corrects himself.

The main idea of the fairy tale "Black Hen"
Only what is obtained by one's own labor is of value, and what is obtained for nothing only corrupts a person.

What does the fairy tale "Black Hen" teach
There are many lessons hidden in this tale. First of all, about the fact that you need to be honest, kind, diligent, so that your comrades love you. You must be able to keep your word and not let down those who trusted you. You have to be able to endure pain, but do not become a traitor. You can't be angry, proud, arrogant, you can't boast of your superiority.

Review of the fairy tale "Black Hen"
This is a very beautiful and instructive story about the boy Alyosha, who was kind and sweet, but became angry and proud, having received a magical opportunity not to learn lessons. The boy made a wrong wish, and his fulfillment harmed both Alyosha himself and the underground inhabitants. But nevertheless, I sympathized with Alyosha and sincerely rejoiced when he corrected himself. Of course, it is a pity that Chernushka and his comrades left Petersburg, but I believe that they found an equally good place in another city.

Proverbs to the fairy tale "Black Hen"
Having given the word, hold on, and not having given it, be strong.
From the word salvation, from the word and death.
Debt good turn deserves another.

Summary, brief retelling of the fairy tale "Black Hen"
There was an old boarding school in St. Petersburg in which 30-40 boys studied, including ten-year-old Alyosha. Alyosha was brought to the boarding school by his parents from afar and paid for several years in advance.
Alyosha was loved in the boarding school, he was a sweet and obedient boy. Only on Saturdays did he really miss when his comrades were taken apart by their parents.
Alyosha loved to stand by the fence and look through the holes into the street, waiting for the sorceress. The boy also loved to feed the chickens, and especially among them he loved Chernushka.
Once, during the New Year holidays, Alyosha saw how the cook caught Chernushka, and in tears he rushed to her, begging her to leave Chernushka. Nigella escaped from the hands of the cook and Alyosha gave her the imperial so that she would not tell the teacher anything.
At this time, the director arrives and Alyosha thinks to see the knight, but he sees a bald old man.
All day Alyosha plays with Chernushka, and then goes to bed. Suddenly the boy heard someone call his name, and Nigella came out from under the sheet.
Chernushka turned to Alyosha in a human voice and called the boy to follow her. Chernushka told Alyosha not to touch anything, but he wanted to take the cat by the paw. She meowed, woke up the parrot, the parrot screamed loudly. Blackie said that it must have woken up the knights.
They went down to the great hall and two knights attacked Chernushka. Alyosha was frightened and came to his senses in his bed.
The next evening, Chernushka again came to Alyosha. Alyosha did not touch anything along the way, and Chernushka led him into a low hall. Little men came out of the side door, followed by the knights, and finally the king.
The king thanked Alyosha for saving the minister, and the boy was surprised to recognize Chernushka in the minister.
The king asks Alyosha to make a wish and the boy wishes him to know all the lessons that have been given.
The king gave Alyosha a hemp seed, but warned him to keep quiet about everything he saw.
After the king left, the minister began to show Alyosha the underworld. There were gems everywhere. They toured a garden of moss trees and a menagerie of rats and moles.
Then they went hunting. Alyosha sat on a stick with a horse's head and everyone galloped along the passages. The hunters rounded up a few rats.
After the hunt, the boy asked about who the underground inhabitants were. Chernushka said that they used to go upstairs, but have been hiding from people for a long time. And if people find out about them, they will have to go to distant lands.
Alyosha woke up in his bed.
After that, he began to easily answer all the lessons, using the help of hemp seeds. Alyosha gradually began to get used to praise, became proud and disobedient. Alyosha began to play pranks a lot. Once the teacher asked him to learn 20 pages, Alyosha opened his mouth, but did not say a word. Alyosha lost the seed and for a long time desperately searched for it, calling for Chernushka's help.
Alyosha was left on bread and water, because he could not learn the text. At night, Chernushka came to him, gave him a seed and said that she did not recognize the boy.
Alyosha boldly went to the lesson and answered all 20 pages. The teacher was surprised and demanded to tell how Alyosha managed to learn everything. One of the students said that Alyosha did not pick up a book. The teacher decided that Alyosha was deceiving him and punished him. They brought rods and Alyosha, beside himself with fear, began to talk about the underground inhabitants. The teacher decided that the boy was cheating and became furious. Alyosha was flogged.
Alyosha no longer had a seed. In the evening Chernushka came, reproached the boy, forgave him and said that he must go with the people to distant lands. Blackie's hands were chained.
In the morning Alyosha was found in a high fever. When the boy recovered, he again became quiet and kind, obedient and diligent. His friends loved him again.