Victims of black magic Woland and its types. Which of the heroes of Bulgakov's novel "The Master and Margarita" becomes a victim of Woland's retinue and why? Viewing the presentation "Virtual tour of Bulgakov's places"

Sections: Literature

Lesson type: Generalization and systematization of knowledge and methods of activity of students.

Conduct form: Lesson-thinking + lesson-excursion (at a certain stage of the lesson) + lesson-creative search.

Lesson Objectives:

Tutorials:

1. To organize the activities of students in generalizing and systematizing knowledge within the framework of the topic: “Good and evil in Bulgakov’s novel“ The Master and Margarita ”.
2. Create conditions for the assimilation of fundamental philosophical ideas, in particular about the boundaries between truth and falsehood, good and evil, faith and unbelief.
3. To ensure that students establish intra-subject and inter-subject communications.

Objectives focused on the development of the personality of students:

1. Create conditions for the development of schoolchildren's skills to formulate problems, offer ways to solve them, and think about the artistic value of the work.
2. Develop oral communication skills. Improve expressive reading skills.
3. To create conditions for the development of the ability to formulate one's own point of view, to express and argue it.
4. Introduce students to the world of ethical and aesthetic experiences.
5. To instill a love for beauty, for art.

Educational goals:

1. Help develop the ability to communicate with each other.
2. Help students realize the value of collaborative activities.

Lesson equipment:

1. The text of the novel by M. A. Bulgakov “The Master and Margarita”
2. Portrait of M. Bulgakov, students' work: a poster for the work, an image of Themis (Goddess of Justice).
3. Cut portraits of Woland (cards for work).<Picture 1>,<Figure 2>, <Figure 3>.
4. Epigraphs for the lesson. Quotes written on a blackboard.
5. Presentation made by the teacher "Virtual tour of Bulgakov's places."<Application 1 >
6. Student presentations (D/h)<Annex 2>

This is the final lesson in the system of lessons based on the novel by M.A. Bulgakov "The Master and Margarita" In the previous lessons, the artistic features, ideological and philosophical problems of the novel were considered.

In the first lesson, the children are given the task of answering problematic questions, for this:

(divide into groups, study additional literature, present an answer to a question using computer technology, etc.)

The last lesson is a generalization, testing of knowledge, summing up, reflection on the finale of the novel based on the personal experience of students, presentation of their work.

During the classes

1. Org. moment.

Teacher's word: Hello guys! I am glad to see you today at the final lesson dedicated to one of the wonderful, exciting, problematic works of M. Bulgakov "Master and Margarita".

Muses. screensaver. Today's lesson I'll start with the following lines:

Who calls us to humility and love,
And who tempts us, fulfilling all our dreams?
We often ask ourselves the question: “Who is right, who is wrong?”
Suddenly, a solemn alarm will ring out!
But I believe that only one will judge us.
Will come together again...
(the teacher pauses and makes it clear that the students need to continue the thought)
Good and evil.

Teacher: Guys, you probably already guessed what will be discussed in the lesson?

Please select a topic.

Pupils determine the topic of the lesson, write in a notebook:

Good and Evil in Bulgakov's Master and Margarita.

Teacher: Let's turn to the epigraphs that are written on the board:

Please highlight the key words in these epigraphs:

(Draw students' attention to the fact that questions are asked in the right epigraph How much y, For what, where is the evil? )

Teacher: Guys, when did you ask yourself a similar question?

(The students' answer will most likely be related to the period of reading the novel "The Master and Margarita")

Teacher: Yes, the theme of good and evil in Bulgakov's novel is one of the key ones, but before thinking about this topic, I would like to invite you on a tour where we will come into contact with time, history, and the place where the novel was created.

Well, then we're leaving. Virtual tour.

2. Viewing the presentation "Virtual tour of Bulgakov's places"

In the presentation:

Bulgakov House-Museum in Kyiv.

Bulgakov's arrival in Moscow.

Bulgakov's house in Moscow.

At the Patriarchal

Excursion to apartment No. 50 on Sadovaya 10. (the state of the apartment today).

Teacher: Have you watched the presentation, maybe something surprised you?

(Schoolchildren should not be indifferent to the state of apartment No. 50 today)

The apartment looks, indeed, as if a ball had just ended there.

Satan. The actions of people and today put us in a dead end! Who provokes people, tempts, and maybe makes them do bad deeds. Sow evil?

Students: Devil, Satan, dark forces, evil in the human soul, etc.

Teacher: And in Bulgakov's work is this ...? (answer Woland).

So, Woland arrives in Moscow! Could you draw his verbal portrait?

(Help students remember that Woland had several faces).

Let's try to make his portrait or identikit using the text of the work.

(Students are given cut cards with several portraits of various heroes, as well as 3 illustrations depicting Woland. Students in groups make up one of the possible ones.)

The guys explain why the portrait turned out that way, read out quotes from the work.<Рисунок 1>, <Рисунок 2>, <Рисунок 3>

3. Students' answers to the problematic questions asked in lesson 1.

Teacher: Why is Bulgakov's portrayal of Woland so attractive?

Is he good or evil?

(This problematic issue was the topic of the work of group No. 2, the guys present a report on the work done).

Devil- an evil angel trying to seduce people and inspire them with false thoughts and evil desires, the destroyer of human souls.

Who is Woland tempting?

Muscovites at the performance in the variety show, Margarita, Nikanor Ivanovich Bosoy, the barman Sokov, Uncle Berlioz.

Who did Woland kill? Who was punished?

But Woland saves Pilate from the pangs of conscience, returns the Master his novel and gives him eternal rest, helps Margarita find the Master.

Conclusion: For Bulgakov, Woland personifies the fate that punishes Berlioz, Sokov and others who violate the norms of Christian morality. This is the first devil in world literature, punishing for non-compliance with the commandments of Christ. We can say that Woland is an ever-existing evil, which is necessary for the existence of good. (back to epigraphs)

The teacher after the report of the second group moves on to the next problematic issue.

The Master did not deserve light, he deserved peace. Is peace a punishment or a reward?

Group #1 makes a presentation<Приложение 2>and the answer to the question.

peace, promised to the Master looks attractive after all he's been through.

But the nature of rest is unclear.

The Master did not deserve either happiness on earth or going into the light. The most serious sin of the master is the rejection of creation, of the search for truth. True, having expiated his guilt by discovering the truth, the Master has earned forgiveness and is worthy of freedom and peace. Perhaps peace is death, because the Master receives this award from the hands of Woland, the Prince of Darkness. The master is endowed with the ability to "guess" the truth. His gift can save people from unconsciousness, from their forgotten ability to do good. But the Master, having composed the novel, could not stand the struggle for it. Margarita values ​​the novel more than the Master.

With the power of her love, Margarita saves the Master and his novel.

One of the students performs an interpreted excerpt from the song “He was older than her” gr. "Time Machine":

He was older than her, she was good.
Her little body was filled with a soul.
They walked together, they did not quarrel over trifles,
And everyone around was fussing, as if seriously:
"Muscovites spoiled the housing problem."
And he loved her, but she had to fly at night.

Chorus:

He suffered if it was dark outside.
He did not sleep, he locked the window at night.
He wrote, he dreamed of peace,
At the hour when she flew at night.
And all around "bribery" and deceit,
And people seemed to be swallowed up by fog.
Do not look that it is dark outside the window at night.
You understand, only goodness rules the world!

Teacher: Let's summarize all of the above. Put the concepts of "Good" and "Evil" on the scales of the Goddess of Justice. What will be the ratio of these concepts in Bulgakov's novel "The Master and Margarita"?

The result of our reflections will be reflected in a small table.

The teacher asks students questions:

1. Is Woland able to punish or correct people from vice?
2. Does a person always achieve a positive result by doing good deeds?
3. What is Woland and his retinue afraid of?
4. Who or what is capable of revealing the truth to a person?
5. Why couldn't the Master defeat the evil spirit? and etc.

4. Table design.

Approximate filling of the table

Conclusions: Good and evil are eternal and inseparable concepts, and as long as the spirit and consciousness of a person are alive, they will fight with each other.

M.A. Bulgakov wanted to show us that the line between good and evil is really small. We need to see evil among the veiled good. Expose this evil.

(One of the students reads the poem by heart)

Good and Evil meet again
And the blades will ring with the tocsin,
Tie in a tight knot
The fate of people, those who once
Believing in Light, Love and God,
Gone from ghostly hopes.
And, choosing a difficult path,
They carry a heavy cross of ridicule.

It's so hard to be closer to God
To love like He, to forgive like He,
Go forward, defying anxiety,
And in the world of evil not to notice.
But everyone believes: there will be a time -
The veil of oblivion will fall,
Bearing our burden with love,
We'll be together like a wall.

Everyone has their own path
We have one for all, like a temple.
There are many like us, I believe
And may the Lord help us...

Teacher: Take care of yourself and your loved ones. Do good and selfless deeds.

Be honest with others, and most importantly with yourself!

Bibliography:

1. Bulgakov M. Master and Margarita. Novel. Novosibirsk. 1998.
2. Boborykin V. G. Mikhail Bulgakov. M. Education. 1991.
3. Galinskaya I. L. Riddles of famous books. M. Nauka.1986.
4. Groznova N.A. Creativity of Mikhail Bulgakov: Researches. Materials. Bibliography. L. Science. 1991.
5. Russian literature of the XX century. Textbook edited by VV Agenosov. M. 2000.
6. Sokolov B.V. Bulgakov Encyclopedia. M. “Lokid”, “Myth”. 1997
7. Sokolov B.V. Three Lives of Mikhail Bulgakov. M. Ellis varnish. 1997.

Which of the heroes of Bulgakov's novel "The Master and Margarita" becomes a victim of Woland's retinue and why?

In the "Moscow" chapters of the novel, which describes the activities of Woland and his retinue, Bulgakov, with the help of all satirical techniques; from irony to grotesque - it reveals the spiritual insignificance of ignorant, hypocritical, cruel and greedy people Woland's mission was to see if humanity has changed in 2 thousand years, to expose and punish people for the evil done, to restore justice. The author reveals the meaning of Woland's image with the help of an epigraph to the novel; “I am part of that force that always wants evil and always does good” (Goethe’s Faust). Woland paid a visit to Moscow. the country of socialism, where life must be built on the basis of goodness and justice, in order to assess the moral state of Muscovites. The victims of Woland's retinue are Moscow inhabitants, officials, people associated with the cultural life of Moscow, first of all, near-literary Moscow. This is the chewing literary brethren who have turned literature into a source of satisfaction for their immoderate appetites. Woland's first meeting took place with the chairman of MASSOLIT, Mikhail Aleksandrovich Berlioz, and the poet Ivan Bezdomny, who argued with him about the existence of God. Ivan Bezdomny, brought up on the propaganda of atheism, argued that man himself controls life, and not God. But Berlioz, a deceitful and unscrupulous man, did not believe in God or the devil. using his official position, he morally corrupted such young poets as Ivan Bezdomny. The prince of darkness, testing his interlocutors, gave them a chance to show decency and think about the unrecognizability of the world. But in vain. For self-confidence and narrow-mindedness, for the stupid insistence that there is nothing that they have not seen. Berlioz paid with his life, and Ivan Bezdomny ended up in a lunatic asylum. They suffered not only for immorality and stupidity, but also for the limited knowledge, since they did not even allow the thought of the existence of any otherworldly power. The next victim of Woland's retinue was the director of the Variety, Styopa Likhodeev, an idler, drunkard and debauchee, whom the visitors sent to Yalta. Koroviev summarized his behavior as follows: “In general, they have been terribly swine lately. They get drunk, enter into relations with women, using their official position. And then the resourceful Azazello offered to "throw the hell out of Moscow" Styopa Likhodeev. Nikanor Ivanovich Bosoy, the chairman of the housing association, according to Woland, "a burnout and a rogue", suffered for greed and bribes (he was arrested for possession of currency). A well-deserved retribution overtakes Sokov, the barman of the variety show. He is a thief who has accumulated a huge amount of money by deceiving buyers, which he “keeps in five savings banks” and “at home under the floor.” On the day of the session of black magic, he sells sturgeon "second freshness". Convinced that conscience cannot be awakened in Sokovo, Woland and his team predict his death "in nine months from liver cancer at the clinic of the first Moscow State University, in the fourth ward." And Korovv completely finishes off the thief, saying that after the death of Sokov, his money will go to the state. With the help of mysticism, fiction, Bulgakov ridicules everything that has lost its eternal truths, turned away from goodness, hardened and lied about. With bitter irony, the author describes a session of black magic in the Variety Theater, conducted by Koroviev-Fagot and the hippopotamus cat. Woland and his retinue tested people for greed. After the trick with cards, when one citizen found a large bundle of money in his pocket, the audience was excited not by the miracle of their appearance, but by whether they were real or fake. And when the “money rain” fell, people rushed to the money and were ready to crush each other, forgetting about human dignity. Georges of Bengal, who demanded "exposure", the public offered to tear off his head, which was instantly executed. And only a woman's cry for mercy made people come to their senses. Therefore, Woland sadly concludes, “Well...they * are people like people. They love money, but it has always been ... Well, they are frivolous, well, well ... and mercy and poverty are knocking at their hearts ... ordinary people. In general, they resemble the former ones ... the housing problem only spoiled them ... ”Woland, seeing that mercy still remains in people, is ready to forgive their cruelty. The women who did not show themselves in the best way, rushing to the stage for gratuitous goods, were subjected to the next test. Thus, the public demonstrated their philistine mores. Of course, the money that rained down from the sky turned into simple pieces of paper, and the clothes and shoes from the ladies disappeared, as if exposing their spiritual poverty. So, Woland and his retinue were worried about the question of whether the “Moscow population” had changed, he wanted to check the moral nature of man. What did he see? In Moscow, theft, denunciation, bribery are still flourishing, and people have lost the nature of value. Against people without conscience and honor, the punishing sword of justice of Woland's retinue was directed. To restore justice, according to Bulgakov, evil must be fought by the forces of evil.

Developing a mystical and satirical storyline in the mythical novel The Master and Margarita, Bulgakov depicted modern reality. One of the main tasks of the writer was to reveal the moral side of man. To this end, the author draws in the novel an expressive mythical character - Woland, the prince of darkness, accompanied by his retinue (Azazello, Koroviev, Behemoth, Gella). In the "Moscow" chapters of the novel, where the activities of Boland and his retinue are described, Bulgakov, using all satirical techniques - from irony to the grotesque - exposes the spiritual insignificance of ignorant, hypocritical, cruel and greedy people. Woland's mission was to see if humanity has changed in two thousand years, to expose and punish people for their evil deeds, to restore justice. The author reveals the meaning of the image of Woland with the help of the epigraph to the novel: “I am part of that force that always wants evil and always does good” (Goethe, “Faust”).

Woland paid a visit to Moscow, the country of socialism, where life should be built on the basis of goodness and justice, in order to assess the moral state of Muscovites. The victims of Woland's retinue are Moscow inhabitants, officials, people associated with the cultural life of Moscow, primarily near-literary Moscow. This is the chewing literary brethren who have turned literature into a source of satisfaction for their immoderate appetites.

Woland had his first meeting with Mikhail Alexandrovich Berlioz, chairman of the MASS-LIT, and the poet Ivan Bezdomny, who argued with him about the existence of God. Ivan Bezdomny, brought up on the propaganda of atheism, argued that a person controls his own life, and not God. And Berlioz, a deceitful and unscrupulous man, did not believe in either God or the devil, and, taking advantage of his official position, morally corrupted such young poets as Ivan Bezdomny. The prince of darkness, testing his interlocutors, gave them a chance to show decency and think about the ignorance of the world. But in vain. For self-confidence and narrow-mindedness, for the stupid insistence that there is nothing that they have not seen, Berlioz paid with his life, and Ivan Bezdomny ended up in a lunatic asylum. They suffered not only for immorality and stupidity, but also for the limited knowledge, since they did not even allow the thought of the existence of any otherworldly power.

The next victim of Woland's retinue was the director of the variety show Styopa Likhodeev, a loafer, drunkard and libertine, whom the visitors sent to Yalta. Koroviev summarized his behavior as follows: “In general, they have been terribly swine lately. They get drunk, enter into relations with women, using their official position. And then the resourceful Azazello offered to "throw the hell out of Moscow" Styopa Likhodeev. Nikanor Ivanovich Bosoy, the chairman of the housing association, according to Woland, "a burnout and a rogue", suffered for greed and bribes (he was arrested for possession of currency). A well-deserved retribution overtakes Sokov, the barman of the variety show. He is a thief who has accumulated a huge amount of money by deceiving buyers, which he “keeps in five savings banks” and “at home under the floor.” On the day of the session of black magic, he sells sturgeon "second freshness". Convinced that conscience cannot be awakened in Sokovo, Woland and his team predict his death “in nine months from liver cancer in the clinic of the first Moscow State University, in the fourth ward.” And Koroviev completely finishes off the thief, saying that after the death of Sokov, his money will go to the state.

With the help of mysticism, fiction, Bulgakov ridicules everything that has lost its eternal truths, turned away from goodness, hardened and lied about. With bitter irony, the author describes a session of black magic in the Variety Theater, conducted by Koroviev-Fagot and the cat Behemoth. Woland and his retinue tested people's greed. After the trick with the cards, when one citizen found a large wad of money in his pocket, the audience was excited not by the miracle of their appearance, but by whether they were real or fake. And when the “money rain” fell, people rushed for money and were ready to crush each other, forgetting about human dignity. Georges of Bengal, who demanded "exposure", the public offered to tear off his head, which was instantly executed. And only a woman's cry for mercy made people come to their senses. Therefore, Woland sadly concludes: “Well ... they are people like people. They love money, but it has always been... Well, they are frivolous... well, well... and mercy sometimes knocks on their hearts... ordinary people... In general, they remind the former ones... only the housing problem spoiled them...” Woland, seeing that there is still mercy left in people, is ready to forgive their cruelty. The women who did not show themselves in the best way, rushing to the stage for gratuitous goods, were subjected to the next test. Thus, the public demonstrated their philistine mores. Of course, the money that rained down from the sky turned into simple pieces of paper, and the clothes and shoes from the ladies disappeared, as if exposing their spiritual poverty.

So, Woland and his retinue were worried about the question of whether the “Moscow population” had changed, he wanted to check the moral nature of man. What did he see? In Moscow, everything is the same, theft, denunciation, bribery flourish and people have lost moral values. Against people without conscience and honor, the punishing sword of justice of Woland's retinue was directed. To restore justice, according to Bulgakov, evil must be fought by the forces of evil.

Woland did not appear alone in Bulgakov's novel. He was accompanied by characters who played mainly the role of jesters. Woland's retinue put on a variety of shows that were disgusting. They were hated by the indignant Moscow population. After all, the entire environment of the “Messire” turned human weaknesses and vices inside out. In addition, their task was to perform all the "dirty" work at the behest of the master, serving him. Everyone who was part of Woland's retinue had to prepare Margarita for Satan's ball and send her with the Master to the world of peace.

The servants of the prince of darkness were three jesters - Azazello, Fagot (aka Koroviev), a cat named Behemoth and Gella - a female vampire. Woland's retinue was. Each character is described separately below. each reader of the famous novel has a question about the origin of the images presented and their names.

Behemoth cat

Describing the image of Woland and his retinue, the first thing I want to do is describe the cat. Basically, the Behemoth is a werewolf animal. Most likely, Bulgakov took the character from the apocryphal book - the "Old Testament" of Enoch. Also, the author could get information about the Behemoth in the book “The History of Intercourse between Man and the Devil”, written by I. Ya. Porfiriev. In the mentioned literature, this character is a sea monster, a demon in the form of an elephant-headed creature with fangs and a trunk. The hands of the demon were human. The monster also had a huge belly, an almost imperceptible small tail and very thick hind limbs, similar to those of hippos. This similarity explains his name.

In the novel The Master and Margarita, Bulgakov introduced the Behemoth to readers in the form of a huge cat, the prototype of which was the author's pet Flyushka. Despite the fact that Bulgakov's fluffy pet had a gray color, in the novel the animal is black, since its image is the personification of evil spirits.

Behemoth Transformation

At the time when Woland and his retinue made the final flight in the novel, Behemoth turned into a frail young page. Next to him was a purple knight. It was the transformed Fagot (Koroviev). In this episode, Bulgakov, apparently, reflected a comic legend from S. S. Zayaitsky's story "The Biography of Stepan Alexandrovich Lososinov." It deals with a cruel knight, with whom his page constantly appears. The main character of the legend had a passion for tearing off the heads of animals. This cruelty is transferred by Bulgakov to Behemoth, who, unlike a knight, tears off the head of a man - Georges of Bengal.

Tomfoolery and gluttony Behemoth

Behemoth is a demon of carnal desires, especially gluttony. Hence, the cat in the novel had an unprecedented gluttony in Torgsin (currency store). Thus, the author shows irony towards the visitors of this all-Union institution, including himself. At a time when outside the capitals people live from hand to mouth, people in big cities were enslaved by the demon Behemoth.

The cat in the novel most often plays pranks, clowns, makes various jokes, and scoffs. This character trait of Behemoth reflects the sparkling sense of humor of Bulgakov himself. This behavior of the cat and its unusual appearance became a way of causing fear and confusion in people in the novel.

Demon Bassoon - Koroviev

What else is Woland and his retinue remembered by the readers of the novel? Of course, a bright character is the representative of demons subordinate to the devil, Fagot, aka Koroviev. This is Woland's first assistant, a knight and a devil rolled into one. Koroviev appears to the residents as an employee of a foreign professor, and a former director of the church choir.

There are several versions of the origin of the surname and nickname of this character. It is also associated with some images of the works of F. M. Dostoevsky. So, in the epilogue of the novel The Master and Margarita, four Korovkins are mentioned among the people detained by the police because of the similarity of their surnames with Kroviev. Here, apparently, the author wanted to point out a character from Dostoevsky's story called "The Village of Stepanchikovo and Its Inhabitants."

Also, the prototypes of Fagot are a number of knights, who are the heroes of some works of different times. It is also possible that the image of Koroviev arose thanks to one of Bulgakov's acquaintances. The prototype of the demon could be a real person, a plumber Ageich, who was a rare drunkard and dirty trick. He repeatedly mentioned in conversations with the author of the novel that in his youth he was one of the choir directors in the church. This, apparently, was reflected by Bulgakov in the incarnation of Koroviev.

The similarity of the bassoon with a musical instrument

The bassoon was a musical instrument invented by the Italian monk Afranio.
degli Albonesi. In the novel, the connection (functional) of Koroviev with this canon from Ferrara is sharply indicated. Three worlds are clearly defined in the novel, representatives of each of which form certain triads according to similar qualities. The demon Fagot belongs to one of them, which also includes: Stravinsky's assistant Fyodor Vasilyevich and Aphranius, the "right hand" of Pontius Pilate. Koroviev, however, made Woland his main associate, and his retinue did not contradict this.

The bassoon is even outwardly similar to the long and thin instrument of the same name, folded in three. Koroviev is tall and thin. And in his imaginary subservience, he is ready to triple in front of the interlocutor, but only in order to later unhinderedly harm him.

Koroviev's transformation

At the moment when Woland and his retinue were making their last flight in the novel, the author presents the reader with Fagot in the form of a dark purple knight, who has a gloomy, incapable of smiling face. He was thinking about something of his own, resting his chin on his chest and not looking at the moon. When Margarita asked Woland why Koroviev had changed so much, Messire replied that once this knight joked badly, and his mocking pun about light and darkness was inappropriate. For this, he was punished with jester manners, a gayer look and circus tattered clothes for a long time.

Azazello

What other representatives of the forces of evil did Woland's retinue consist of? "The Master and Margarita" has another bright character - Azazello. Bulgakov created his name by converting one of the Old Testament ones. The book of Enoch mentions the fallen angel Azazel. It was he, according to the apocrypha, who taught people to create weapons, swords, shields, mirrors and various jewelry made of precious stones and more. In general, Azazel managed to corrupt. He also taught males to fight and women to lie, turned them into godlessness.

Azazzello in Bulgakov's novel gives Margarita a magic cream that magically changes her appearance. Probably, the author was attracted by the idea of ​​combining in one character the ability to kill and seduce. Margarita sees the demon in the Alexander Garden just like that. She perceives him as a seducer and murderer.

Azazello's main responsibilities

The main duties of Azazello are certainly connected with violence. Explaining his functions to Margarita, he admits that his direct specialty is to punch the administrator in the face, shoot someone or put him out of the house, and other “trifles” of this kind. Azazello transfers Likhodeev to Yalta from Moscow, expels Poplavsky (Uncle Berlioz) from the apartment, deprives Baron Meigel of life with the help of a revolver. The demon-killer invents a magic cream that he gives to Margarita, giving her the opportunity to acquire witch beauty and some demonic powers. From this cosmetic product, the heroine of the novel gains the ability to fly and become invisible at her request.

Gella

Only one woman was allowed into their entourage by Woland and his retinue. Characteristics of Gella: the youngest member of the diabolical union in the novel, a vampire. Bulgakov took the name of this heroine from an article called "Sorcery", published in the encyclopedic dictionary of Brockhaus and Efron. It noted that such a name was given to the dead girls, who later became vampires, on the island of Lesbos.

The only character from Woland's retinue who is missing from the description of the final flight is Hella. One of Bulgakov's wives considered this fact the result of the fact that the work on the novel was not fully completed. But it may also be that the author deliberately excluded Hella from the important scene, as an insignificant member of the devil's retinue, performing only auxiliary functions in the apartment, variety show and at the ball. In addition, Woland and his retinue could not equally perceive a representative of the lower rank next to them in such a situation. In addition, Gella had no one to turn into, because she had her original appearance from the moment of transformation into a vampire.

Woland and his retinue: characteristics of the devilish forces

In the novel "The Master and Margarita" the author defines the forces of evil with unusual roles for them. After all, the victims of Woland and his retinue are not righteous, not decent and kind people whom the devil should lead astray, but already accomplished
sinners. It is their sir and his assistants who denounce and punish, choosing peculiar measures for this.

So, the director of the variety show has to go to Yalta in an unusual way. He is simply mystically thrown there from Moscow. But, escaping with a terrible fright, he safely returns home. But Likhodeev has a lot of sins - he gets drunk, makes numerous connections with women, using his position, does nothing at work. As Koroviev says in the novel about the director of the variety show, he has been terribly swine lately.

In fact, neither Woland himself nor the devil's assistants in any way influence the events taking place in Moscow during their visit to it. The non-traditional representation of Satan in Bulgakov's way is manifested in the fact that the leader of otherworldly impure forces is endowed with some clearly expressed attributes of God.

Which of the heroes of M. Bulgakov's novel "The Master and Margarita" becomes a victim of Woland's retinue and why

Literary critic B. V. Sokolov believes that “the evil spirit in The Master and Margarita, not without humor, exposes human vices to us.” It really is. The clash with the devil's power brings to the public in the novel what is usually hidden from view.

The first victim of Woland's retinue is Berlioz, "the chairman of the board of one of the largest Moscow literary associations, abbreviated as MASSOLIT." Woland predicts his imminent death, which comes true with amazing accuracy. To understand why he became a victim of evil spirits, one must first of all think about what the MASSOLIT headed by him was like. Berlioz's conversation with Bezdomny gives some idea of ​​this.

A homeless man entering MASSOLIT is ordered an anti-religious poem. He did not write it as required, and now the editor Berlioz explains to him how and what should have been depicted. There was never any talk of a truthful description of reality in the department of Berlios, and there is no talk now. This poem is not the first such (custom) creation of Bezdomny, and Bezdomny is not the only author in MASSOLIT doing this kind of work. Ivan himself was punished for this, finding himself in a lunatic asylum and, fortunately, finding his true path in the finale.

The creators from MASSOLIT are opposed in the novel by the Master, for whom creative freedom is a fundamentally important thing. The author himself is also hostile to the Massolites, having learned from his own experience what it means to resist such people as Berlioz.

The reader gets a vivid idea of ​​​​MASSOLITA by reading the description of the "House of Griboyedov". Eloquently speak about the content of the activities of writers, as well as the very purpose of their stay in MASSOLIT, numerous signs, as well as conversations of writers. "Fish and dacha section", "One-day creative voucher", "Housing issue" - these are just some of them. The restaurant in Griboyedovo was "considered the best restaurant in Moscow" because it was distinguished by "the quality of its provisions" and "the fact that this provision was sold at the most reasonable, by no means onerous price." Material benefits call writers to MASSOLIT, and not their true vocation. They deprive them of honor and conscience. With bitter irony, the writer says that the “most talented” writers of MASSOLIT receive luxurious dachas and that it was impossible to join this organization without having “literary talent”.

Styopa Likhodeev, director of the Variety Theater, an irresponsible leader, whose whole life consists of visiting entertainment establishments and other entertainments, is also punished and frightened by Woland's retinue. “They get drunk, get in touch with women, using their position, they don’t do a damn thing, and they can’t do anything, because they don’t understand anything about what they are entrusted with. The bosses are being rubbed points!” - this is how Koroviev characterizes Styopa. “He is the same director as I am a bishop,” Azazello joins him.

Nikanor Ivanych Bosoy, "Chairman of the Housing Association of House No. 302-bis on Sadovaya Street", was exposed by evil spirits. Woland says of him that he is "a swindler and a rogue." The proposal of the "translator" "contained a clear practical meaning", which is why Bosoy accepted it. Bosoy was punished for bribery and abuse of official position. “... took! I took it .... I prescribed it for money, I don’t argue, it happened, ”he admits.

The retinue of Woland does not pass by the administrator of the Variety, Ivan Savelyevich Varenukha, who gladly agrees to take the slander to Likho-deev where it should be. In addition, according to evil spirits, Varenukha is rude and lies on the phone. Having undergone "re-education", Ivan Savelyevich gained universal popularity and love for his incredible responsiveness and politeness.

The spectators of the Variety show, who “stocked themselves” in the ladies' shop on its stage, also become victims of Woland's retinue. Seized by greed, they grabbed everything in it. Their further exposure symbolizes the exposure of vices.

Right at the session in the Variety, the evil spirit exposes Arkady Apollonovich Sempleyarov, chairman of the acoustic commission, posing as an “intelligent and cultured person” and taking without a twinge of conscience under the very dubious patronage of “pretty girls”. Later, at the interrogation, he had to tell “and about Militsa Andreevna Pokobatko from Yelokhovskaya Street, and about the Saratov niece, and about much more, about which stories brought unspeakable torment to Arkady Apollonovich” and what his conscience was unclean.

Aloisy Mogarych was punished for denunciation. After reading Latunsky's article about the master's novel, he wrote a complaint against him that he kept illegal literature. The purpose of this slander was to get rid of the master and take his room. Despite friendship, Aloisy Mogarych betrayed the master, he committed meanness, trying to benefit for himself by any means.

An amazing transformation takes place with the chairman of the entertainment commission, Prokhor Petrovich, whose constant motto at work was replicas like “I don’t accept”, “what are you getting in without a report”, “I’m busy”. The transformation of a soulless, rude and lazy unfortunate leader into a talking suit is very symbolic.

The head of a branch of the entertainment commission, who “completely ruined light entertainment”, was convicted by evil spirits. “Glasses rubbed the authorities!” issued by his colleague.

Woland's retinue treated Maximilian Andreevich Poplavsky, who had come from Kyiv to Moscow, cruelly. “What was the matter? In one - in the apartment, ”the author reports about him. Poplavsky "the idea of ​​moving to Moscow has been so sharpening, lately, that he even began to sleep poorly." The death of Berlioz seemed to him an excellent chance to realize his old intentions. Maximilian Andreevich was ready "regardless of any difficulties ... to inherit his nephew's apartment on Sadovaya." He was not upset by the death of a relative, it became a means to achieve selfish goals. He paid the price for profit.

I was scared to death by the tricks of the evil spirits of the barman Sokov, a big swindler who made capital by selling low-quality products and deceiving the visitors of the buffet.

The same Annushka, who spilled her oil on Mount Berlioz, also got it. Annushka knows how to pretend "very skillfully", she is not tormented by pangs of conscience. Having found a jewel, she is not averse to “picking out some pebbles” or “cutting it into pieces.” Annushka, caught red-handed, immediately loses her impudence, she completely transforms and repeatedly shouts her “merci” by inertia.

The hypocrite Nikolai Ivanovich does not accidentally turn into a boar. Posing as a respectable family man, he is not averse to starting a relationship with Natasha. Nikolai Ivanovich is stupid and cowardly. Returning from Satan's ball, he demands a certificate "for the purpose of providing the police and his wife", but later he is arrested "only due to the stupidity of his jealous" wife. During interrogation, Nikolai Ivanovich "did not consider it necessary to mention that he appeared in the bedroom with a discarded shirt in his hands and that he called Natasha Venus."

The Smirnovsky market also becomes a victim of Woland's retinue, where prices "bite" and only currency holders, who mostly speak pure Russian, are served.

In the novel The Master and Margarita, Bulgakov the satirist mercilessly castigates a variety of human vices: greed, cruelty, greed, deceit, hypocrisy, etc. Punishment for his heroes is in themselves. They are punished by the horror that settled in their souls and remained there even after the disappearance of Woland.