When and where did the legendary. Legend of Arion Historian Herodotus…

Where and when… the end of the 7th – the beginning of the 6th c. BC e. According to the story transmitted by Herodotus, Arion sailed with rich treasures (which he earned by singing) on ​​a ship from Tarentum to Corinth. The sailors, wanting to take possession of the singer's wealth, threw him overboard, but Arion was rescued by a dolphin, landed at Cape Tenar and safely reached Corinth.

What did you learn from the movie? these are works of folk fantasy explaining the structure of the world, natural phenomena, the meaning and causes of ongoing events. A legend is a genre of non-fairytale prose in folklore, an oral folk story based on historical facts, events, arguments intertwined with fiction and fantasy; is a legend about historical event expressed in artistic, poetic form. Myth-

vocabulary work Kifared is a musician who plays the cithara, a type of lyre. Tyrant - in Ancient Greece and in the medieval city-states of Italy - the sole ruler. Herodotus is a great ancient Greek historian who lived in the 5th century BC.

The difference between a legend and a myth myth legend The events reflected in myths covered a significant chronological period and could not be associated with specific individuals that influenced the course of history. The focus of myths is the life, rivalry, struggle and idleness of the almighty gods who lived separately from people: most often, in sacred mountains or in the sky Legends describe a single episode of the historical past ethnic group or nationality, while myths depict almost all aspects of life. The gods who inhabit the mythical peaks, the depths of the oceans and the underworld are immortal. The heroes of legends are endowed incredible strength, mind, abilities, but they cannot live forever. They perform feats with the help of the gods and die like ordinary people

Summarize. 1. When and where did the legendary events take place? 2. Make up a story about Arion (his past, occupation, behavior during mortal danger, why does he ask the shipbuilders to let him sing in the full outfit of a singer"). 3. Why is this work called a legend?

Answers 1. This legend was recorded by the ancient Greek historian Herodotus, who widely used myths and legends in his writings. This narrative is called a legend because it was recorded by Herodotus on the basis of an oral tradition that existed in Corinth and on the island of Lesbos.

THE LEGEND OF ARION

This legend was recorded by the ancient Greek historian Herodotus, who widely used myths and legends in his writings.

Periander was the tyrant of 1 Corinth. With him, as the Corinthians say, the greatest miracle happened in life. Arion of Mephimne was carried out of the sea by Tenar on a dolphin. It was an incomparable kifared 2 of its time and, as far as I know, was the first to compose a dithyramb 3, gave it a name and trained a choir for staging in Corinth.
This Arion spent most of his life with Periander and then decided to sail to Italy and Sikelia. There he amassed great wealth, then wished to return back to Corinth. He set out from Tarantos, and since he trusted no one else among the Corinthians, he hired a ship from the Corinthian sailors. And the shipbuilders conceived an evil deed: on the open sea, throw Arion into the sea and take possession of his treasures. Arion, having guessed their intention, began to beg to save his life, offering to give all his treasures. However, he failed to soften the sailors. They ordered Arion to either take his own life in order to be buried in the ground, or immediately throw himself into the sea. In such a desperate situation, Arion nevertheless begged the shipbuilders (since such is their decision) to at least allow him to sing in the full outfit of a singer, standing on the rowers' bench. He promised that, having sung his song, he would take his own life. Then the sailors moved from the stern to the middle of the ship, rejoicing that they were about to hear best singer in the world. Arion, dressed in the full attire of a singer, took a cithara and, standing at the stern, sang a solemn song. Then he, as he was in all his attire, rushed into the sea. Meanwhile, the sailors sailed to Corinth, while Arion, as they say, was picked up by a dolphin on his back and carried to Tenar. Arion went ashore and, in his singer's attire, went to Corinth. Upon arriving there, he told everything that had happened to him.
Periander did not believe the story and ordered Arion to be taken into custody and not let out anywhere, but to keep a close watch on the sailors. When they arrived at Corinth, Periander called them to him and asked what they knew about Arion. The sailors answered that Arion was living and well somewhere in Italy, and they left him in Tarantum in complete prosperity. Then Arion suddenly appeared in the same robe in which he threw himself into the sea.
The amazed shipbuilders could no longer deny their guilt, as they were convicted. So say the Corinthians and the Lesbos. And on Tenar there is a small copper statue - the sacrificial gift of Arion, depicting a man on a dolphin.

DICTIONARY:
1 Tyrant - in ancient Greece and in the medieval city-states of Italy - the sole ruler.
2 Kifared - one who plays the kithara, akin to the lyre musical instrument ancient Greeks.
3 Dithyramb - exaggerated enthusiastic praise.

A legend is a work created on the basis of oral tradition, in which the story of real people and true events is combined with elements of fantasy.
The legend, like the myth, appeared in distant antiquity. At that time, people orally composed stories about important historical events and about prominent people they have been passed down from generation to generation. In these stories, each brought something of his own, often fantastic. This is how legends were born.
Read the "Legend of Arion" and complete the suggested tasks.

THINKING ABOUT WHAT YOU READ
- When and where did the legendary events take place?
- Make up a story about Arion (his past, occupation, behavior during mortal danger, why he asks the sailors "to let him sing in full attire of a singer").
- Why is this work called a legend?

We are separated from Ancient Greece by thousands of years, but history has preserved a lot of interesting and instructive things for us. Today we use the achievements of the ancient Greeks (theater, alphabet, Olympic Games). These achievements are used by many peoples of the world, because the contribution of the Greeks to world culture very large. And now let's remember what qualities the ancient Greeks valued in people? That's right: mind, education, wisdom; courage, bravery and strength. Are these qualities valued today? Certainly! Because they are universal, eternal. And we also owe this to the ancient Greeks. The Greeks enjoyed special respect for people of art, because art for the ancient Greeks was not just entertainment. This is the embodiment of ideas about the beauty of space and man. Art reflects the worldview of the Greeks, their worldview. Art was inseparable from life. People of art were the heroes of the legends and myths of the ancient Greeks. You will get acquainted with one of them by watching the video lesson “The difference between a myth and a legend. Herodotus. "The Legend of Arion". Her main character- not only extremely talented, but also extraordinarily brave and courageous. Fate has prepared for him ... Or maybe it's better to look and listen? Then this video is for you...

Theme: Myths of the peoples of the world

Lesson: The difference between myth and legend. Herodotus. "Legend of Arion"

Today in the lesson we will learn what a legend is, how and when legends were created, and we will also get acquainted with the legend of Arion and analyze it.

Legends, like myths, were created in antiquity. Stories about historical events were passed down by ancient people from mouth to mouth, from generation to generation. Over time, they acquired additional details and sometimes acquired fantastic features. This is how legends were created.

myths- these are works of folk fantasy that explain the structure of the world, natural phenomena, the meaning and causes of ongoing events.

Legend- (from Latin - what should be read) - a genre of non-fairytale prose in folklore, an oral folk story, which is based on historical facts, events, arguments intertwined with fiction and fantasy; this is a legend about some historical event, presented in an artistic, poetic form.

Today we will get acquainted with one of the most famous legends. This is the Legend of Arion by Herodotus.

Who is Herodotus?

Rice. 1. Ancient Greek historian Herodotus

Herodotus- the great ancient Greek historian who lived in the 5th century BC. He traveled widely and wrote down stories about the past. He visited the places of great battles and wrote the history of the Greco-Persian wars. In his work, he paid a lot of attention to local myths, legends, traditions. The Roman orator Cicero called Herodotus the father of history.

The hero of the legend of Herodotus is Arion. Arion is a real historical person. He was an incomparable, great kifared. He, like the ruler of Corinth, the tyrant Periander, lived in the 7th century BC. Even an excerpt from one of his works "Hymn to Poseidon" has been preserved.

Rice. 2. Ancient Greek kifared Arion ()

Kifared- a musician who plays the cithara, a type of lyre.

Tyrant- in ancient Greece and in the medieval city-states of Italy - the sole ruler.

Rice. 3. The ancient Greek ruler of Corinth Periander ()

Let's get acquainted with the Legend of Arion.

Arion spent most of his life with Periander and then decided to sail to Italy and Sikelia. There he amassed great wealth, then wished to return back to Corinth. He set out from Tarantos, and since he trusted no one else among the Corinthians, he hired a ship from the Corinthian sailors. And the shipbuilders conceived an evil deed: on the open sea, throw Arion into the sea and take possession of his treasures. Arion, having guessed their intention, began to beg to save his life, offering to give all his treasures. However, he failed to soften the sailors. They ordered Arion either to take his own life in order to be buried in the ground, or immediately throw himself into the sea. In such a desperate situation, Arion nevertheless begged the shipbuilders (since such is their decision) to at least allow him to sing in full attire of a singer, standing on the rowers' bench. He promised that, having sung his song, he would take his own life. Then the sailors moved from the stern to the middle of the ship, rejoicing that they were about to hear the best singer in the world. Arion, dressed in the full attire of a singer, took a cithara and, standing at the stern, sang a solemn song. Having finished the song, he, as he was in all his attire, rushed into the sea.

Why did Arion want to sing in the singer's full outfit? First of all, to show the shipbuilders that he was not afraid of their threats and for him it was not wealth that was more important, but the art of the singer. In addition, he wanted to show that they want to take the life of more than just an ordinary rich person. Maybe he hoped that the gods would come to his aid, because they did not want the death of the great skillful musician.

How are the sailors depicted? Greed, greed, self-interest, the desire for easy money determined their behavior. They, of course, knew that Arion - great singer. And at the same time, they remembered that the famous cytharist was carrying great wealth. However, they did not dare to kill him themselves and forced Arion to take his own life, while they were glad that they would hear the best singer in the world.

Meanwhile, the sailors sailed to Corinth, while Arion, as they say, was picked up by a dolphin on his back and carried to Tenar. Arion went ashore and, in his attire of a singer, went to Corinth. Upon arriving there, he told everything that had happened to him. Periander did not believe the story and ordered Arion to be taken into custody and not let out anywhere, but to keep a close watch on the sailors. When they arrived at Corinth, Periander called them to him and asked what they knew about Arion. The sailors answered that Arion was living and well somewhere in Italy, and they supposedly left him in Tarantum in complete prosperity. Then Arion suddenly appeared in the same robe in which he threw himself into the sea. The amazed shipbuilders could no longer deny their guilt, as they were convicted. So say the Corinthians and the Lesbos. And on Tenar there is a small copper statue - the sacrificial gift of Arion, depicting a man on a dolphin.

How is Periander depicted?

Periander is depicted in the legend as a distrustful person, he did not immediately believe in miraculous salvation Arion. However, he is smart and fair, so he nevertheless decided to understand this story and caught the shipbuilders in a lie.

What attracts in the image of Arion?

Arion - talented person, the incomparable kifared, the founder of the dithyramb genre. He passed on his knowledge to others, created a choir to perform in Corinth. He was a prudent man: he hired countrymen to continue the journey. In the face of death, he behaves with dignity: he sings his last song and bravely throws himself into the sea.

Dithyramb- exaggerated enthusiastic praise.

Why is this work called a legend?

The narrative is called legend, because it was created by Herodotus on the basis of oral tradition, common in Corinth and on the island of Lesbos. It contains real people: Arion and Periander. The fabulous enrichment of Arion in Italy and Sikelia, as well as his miraculous rescue by a dolphin, can be attributed to fantastic events.

What is the main idea works?

Idea- (from Greek - concept, representation) - the main idea artwork, the method proposed by the author for solving the problems posed by him.

1. Abelyuk E.S. Mythological dictionary of the schoolboy. M.: GROWTH, MIROS, 2000.

2. Kun N.A. legends and myths of ancient Greece. Minsk: Narodnaya Asveta, 1989.

3. Literature. 6th grade. At 2 p.m. / [V.P. Polukhina, V.Ya. Korovina, V.P. Zhuravlev, V.I. Korovin]; ed. V.Ya. Korovina. - M., 2013.

4. Stein A. My first book on mythology: a guide for younger students / A. Stein. — M.: Materik-Alfa, 2006.

5. Encyclopedia "Myths of the peoples of the world". - M., 1980-1981, 1987-1988.

1. Myths of Ancient Greece. Gods and Heroes. Stories for children about Ancient Greece ().

2. Mythological Encyclopedia ().

1. Make up a story about Arion (his past, occupation, behavior during mortal danger, why he asks the sailors "to let him sing in full attire of a singer").

2. Reread the Legend of Arion (pp. 212-214 of the textbook) and complete one of the proposed tasks:

a) Prepare expressive reading legends.

b) Prepare detailed retelling legends.

c) Prepare a retelling of the legend with preservation stylistic features text.