Why each of the officials gathered at the mayor. Why is each of the officials who gathered at the mayor's, and most of all the mayor himself, afraid of the auditor? The positive hero of the play

Why are officials afraid of the visit of the auditor?

None of the city officials honestly do their job. Take at least the head of the city - mayor Anton Antonovich. From his complete inaction for last years the city literally fell into decay: there is dirt and disorder everywhere (“near each fence, forty carts of all sorts of rubbish are piled on top, prisoners are not given provisions, there is a tavern on the streets, uncleanness ...”). And here is how he teaches his subordinates to respond to possible question inspector “Why hasn’t the church been built, for which five years ago the sum was allocated?” - “Do not forget to say that it began to be built, but burned down. And then, perhaps, someone, having forgotten, will foolishly say that it never even started.

The mayor himself admits that he takes bribes, “because he is a smart person and does not like to miss what is floating in his hands ...”. Also, "slipshod", other city officials carry out their service.

Artemy Filippovich Strawberry - the trustee of charitable institutions - does not care at all about the poor and sick people who live in shelters and are treated in hospitals. Because of your dirty appearance they "look like blacksmiths". And here is how Artemy Filippovich talks about healing in the city: “We don’t use expensive medicines. A simple man: if he dies, then he will die; if he recovers, then he will recover. Yes, and it would be difficult for Khristian Ivanovich to speak to them: he doesn’t know a word of Russian” (that is, the doctor in his hospital does not speak Russian!)

Ammos Fedorovich Lyapkin-Tyapkin, a city judge, has long forgotten all state laws and does not conduct court cases properly. “I have been sitting on the judge's chair for fifteen years now, and as soon as I look at the memorandum - ah! I just wave my hand. Solomon himself will not decide what is true and what is not true in it. This means that there is no rule of law in the city.

Postmaster Ivan Kuzmich Shpekin, out of curiosity, opens all the letters "arriving at his post office." He tells the mayor about his hobby in this way: “... I do this not only out of precaution, but more out of curiosity: I love death to know what is new in the world. I can tell you that this is a very interesting read."

He “even deliberately kept one letter he liked.” The postmaster happily agrees to carry out the illegal order of the mayor to open all letters and, if necessary, even detain them.

This is how life goes on in the city: the judge takes bribes with greyhound puppies, the Derzhimorda policeman, allegedly for order, “puts lights under the eyes of both the right and the guilty”, there is no order in educational institutions.

But these unlucky officials, so vividly portrayed by N.V. Gogol, are not gone. Unfortunately, many officials of our day can be called the names of Gogol's characters, whom the author so ridiculed in his comedy The Inspector General.

Nikolai Vasilyevich Gogol needs no introduction. He is known, in particular, for the fact that he struggled with the shortcomings of contemporary society with the help of laughter. In 1835, Gogol decided to compose a play that would present true Russian vices and characters. So in 1836 the comedy The Inspector General was born. Main character her - Khlestakov Ivan Alexandrovich. Today we will talk about why Khlestakov was mistaken for an auditor, a big official from St. Petersburg. After all, it would seem that his true position in society was not difficult to unravel.

The news of the imminent arrival of the auditor

In order to answer the question of why Khlestakov was mistaken for an auditor, it is necessary to turn to the very beginning of the work. Gogol's comedy begins with the fact that Anton Antonovich, the mayor, gathers officials together and says that he has "unpleasant news" for everyone. It turns out that an auditor is due to arrive from St. Petersburg soon with an inspection. At the same time, it is not known how he will look and when exactly he is going to arrive. This news, of course, shocked the officials of the city of N. It brought some confusion into their measured and lazy life.

State of affairs in the city of N

It should be said that the officials were bribe takers. Each of them is concerned only with how to get more money. It seems that at that time in the city of N it was common for officials to spend the city treasury and receive bribes. Even the law was powerless against it.

The mayor, for example, justified himself by saying that his salary was insufficient. He allegedly did not even have enough for tea with sugar. As for the city judge, he did not at all consider that he was a bribe taker, since he took it not with money, but with puppies. The postmaster of the city of N also distinguished himself. To obtain information, he opened other people's letters.

Of course, such an irresponsible attitude of officials to official duties eventually led to the fact that the city fell into disrepair. It is clear that the news about the upcoming inspection alarmed the local leadership. It is not surprising why Khlestakov was mistaken for an auditor in this turmoil.

Preparing for the Auditor's Arrival

While waiting for the arrival of the authorities with a check, each of the officials began to frantically remember what needed to be done. Finally, they all began to make attempts to restore order in their departments. There was a lot of work. Servants in the courthouse were drying clothes and breeding geese. Patients in the local hospital smoked tobacco and wore dirty clothes. The church should have been built a long time ago, 5 years ago, but its opening did not take place. The mayor ordered everyone to say that the fire had destroyed this building. It was ordered to demolish the old fence, located near the shoemaker. In its place, it was ordered to put a model of straw. Mayor Anton Antonovich himself, looking at such a deplorable state of affairs, self-critically admitted that this was a "bad city."

Khlestakov's arrival

City officials, of course, were afraid of their superiors. Therefore, they were ready to see an inspector from the capital in any visitor. That is why the officials mistook Khlestakov for an auditor. When a rumor spread that some unknown person had been living in a hotel in the city of N for a long time, everyone decided that this stranger must certainly have been an auditor. In addition, Khlestakov Ivan Alexandrovich (that was the name of the guest) arrived from St. Petersburg and was dressed in the latest metropolitan fashion. Indeed, why would a resident of the capital come to a county town? There can be only one answer: for verification! We hope it is now clear to you why the officials mistook Khlestakov for an auditor.

Meeting of the "auditor" with the mayor

The meeting of Ivan Alexandrovich with the mayor is very curious. The latter in a panic put a box on his head instead of a hat. The mayor handed out the last instructions to his subordinates on the go before meeting with an important guest.

The comical scene of the meeting of these heroes lies in the fact that both of them are afraid. Khlestakov was threatened by the innkeeper that he would hand him over to the mayor, and he would be sent to prison. And then the mayor appears ... Both heroes are afraid of each other. Ivan Alexandrovich also screams loudly and gets excited, which makes his guest tremble with fear even more. The mayor tries to give him a bribe to appease him, invites the "auditor" to live with him. Having met with an unexpectedly warm welcome, Khlestakov calms down. Ivan Alexandrovich at first does not even suspect who the mayor considers him to be. He does not immediately think about why he was received so warmly. Khlestakov is completely sincere and truthful. He turned out to be simple-hearted, not cunning, because he did not intend to deceive at first. However, the mayor believes that the auditor is thus trying to hide who he really is. If Ivan Aleksandrovich were a conscious liar, he would have a much better chance of being unraveled and understood. The way they took Khlestakov for the auditor is very significant. General fear did not allow the officials and the mayor to open their eyes.

How Khlestakov played his role in the comedy "The Government Inspector"

We note that in the future, Ivan Alexandrovich was not at a loss. He played the role imposed by circumstances perfectly. At first, Khlestakov thought, when he saw the officials and the mayor, that they had arrived in order to put him in prison for not paying the debt for the hotel. However, then he guessed that he was mistaken for some high-ranking official. And Ivan Alexandrovich was not averse to taking advantage of this. At first, he easily borrowed money from each of the city officials.

Khlestakov in the comedy "The Inspector General" became a respected person and a welcome guest in any home. He charmed the mayor's daughter and wife, and even offered his daughter to marry him.

The scene of lies

The scene of Ivan Alexandrovich's lies is the climax of the work. Khlestakov, in the role of an auditor, having drunk a lot, talks about the fact that he has an excellent position in the capital. He is familiar with Pushkin, has lunch with the minister, and is an indispensable employee. And in his free time, Khlestakov allegedly writes musical and literary works.

It seems that because of his lies, he is about to be exposed, but the local public hangs on his every word and believes in all sorts of absurdities. Osip, the servant of Ivan Alexandrovich, turns out to be the only one who understood the mistake made by Khlestakov. Fearing for his master, he takes him away from the city of N.

The deception is revealed

What did the city officials have to do when they discovered that they had been deceived by some petty official who had arrived from St. Petersburg! In the play, a fight breaks out between them. Each of them seeks to find out who failed to recognize the impostor, why Khlestakov was mistaken for an auditor. However, the misadventures of city N officials do not end there. After all, the news comes that he has arrived real auditor! This is where the play ends.

The positive hero of the play

Nikolai Vasilievich was often reproached for the absence of positive characters in his work. Gogol replied to this that there is still one such character - it is laughter.

So, we answered the question: "Why was Khlestakov mistaken for an auditor?" Briefly summing up the above, we note that fear is the main cause of the general mistake. It is he who is the engine of the plot in Gogol's work and creates a situation of delusion. It is the fear of losing warm places and the fear of verification that gives rise to absolutely all the characters of the comedy.

answer the questions gloomy (("Inspector" N.V. Gogol 1 act 1. Why does each of the officials who gathered at the mayor, and most of all himself

mayor, afraid of the auditor?

2. Why did Bobchinsky and Dobchinsky mistook Khlestakov for an auditor? What finally convinced their listeners that the visiting official was really an auditor?

3. What causes laughter in behavior and speech actors(on the example of the mayor, Ammos Fedorovich, postmaster, Bobchinsky and Dobchinsky)?

4. In "Remarks for gentlemen actors" Gogol characterizes the mayor as "a very intelligent person in his own way." Is it possible to draw such a conclusion on the basis of the first act of the comedy?

5. How does the speech of the mayor change when he turns to the district and private bailiff? Why?

6. Prepare a written or oral report on the topic "What are the rules in the county town"?

In Gogol's comedy there is no name of the county town in which the events take place. By this, the writer wanted to show that such a position of power, officials,

orders in the city was typical for most cities of that time. Describe the city to which the auditor arrived: its location relative to the capital, the border, how comfortable the city is, what disorders the author draws our attention to. (D.1)
Why did the mayor believe that a young man who eagerly looks at what hotel visitors eat and does not pay money for housing and food for two weeks is the auditor? (D.1)
Khlestakov cannot decide with whom he should flirt: with the mayor's wife Anna Andreevna or his daughter Marya Antonovna. But how did the heroines themselves react to the "auditor" Khlestakov? (D.4)
How did each of the officials behave who visited Khlestakov in the mayor's house with petitions and offering money?
Officials, reflecting on the rank of Khlestakov, suggest that "the general will not be a match for him! And when the general is, then the generalissimo himself." Meanwhile, out of fear of an "important" person, they did not notice that Khlestakov himself let slip about his true rank: "They even wanted to do it as a collegiate assessor, yes, I think why." That is the rank young man was even lower than that. What was actually the rank of Khlestakov? (D 2)
Re-read Silent Scene carefully at the end of the comedy. What is its significance, in your opinion?
This official is a passionate hunter. Even in an institution subordinate to him, there is "a hunting rapnik right above the cabinet with papers." Name the hero, what is he in charge of in the city? (D.1)
It was this hero who began to report to the "auditor" Khlestakov about how things really are in city institutions when he visited him in the mayor's house, among other officials. Name it. (D.4)
One of the employees of this institution has such a violent temper that he is ready not only to beat the furniture, but to lose his life - "for science." Name the institution and the official who manages it. (D.1)
This hero asked Khlestakov: "When you go to Petersburg, tell all the different nobles there: senators and admirals, that here, Your Excellency or Excellency, he lives in such and such a city:." Who wanted to inform all the capital's nobles about himself? (D.4)

answer the questions gloomy (("Inspector" N.V. Gogol 1 act 1. Why does each of the officials who gathered at the mayor, and most of all himself

mayor, afraid of the auditor?

2. Why did Bobchinsky and Dobchinsky mistook Khlestakov for an auditor? What finally convinced their listeners that the visiting official was really an auditor?

3. What causes laughter in the behavior and speech of the characters (on the example of the mayor, Ammos Fedorovich, postmaster, Bobchinsky and Dobchinsky)?

4. In "Remarks for gentlemen actors" Gogol characterizes the mayor as "a very intelligent person in his own way." Is it possible to draw such a conclusion on the basis of the first act of the comedy?

5. How does the speech of the mayor change when he turns to the district and private bailiff? Why?

6. Prepare a written or oral report on the topic "What are the rules in the county town"?

In Gogol's comedy there is no name of the county town in which the events take place. By this, the writer wanted to show that such a position of power, officials,

orders in the city was typical for most cities of that time. Describe the city to which the auditor arrived: its location relative to the capital, the border, how comfortable the city is, what disorders the author draws our attention to. (D.1)
Why did the mayor believe that a young man who eagerly looks at what hotel visitors eat and does not pay money for housing and food for two weeks is the auditor? (D.1)
Khlestakov cannot decide with whom he should flirt: with the mayor's wife Anna Andreevna or his daughter Marya Antonovna. But how did the heroines themselves react to the "auditor" Khlestakov? (D.4)
How did each of the officials behave who visited Khlestakov in the mayor's house with petitions and offering money?
Officials, reflecting on the rank of Khlestakov, suggest that "the general will not be a match for him! And when the general is, then the generalissimo himself." Meanwhile, out of fear of an "important" person, they did not notice that Khlestakov himself let slip about his true rank: "They even wanted to do it as a collegiate assessor, yes, I think why." That is, the rank of a young man was even lower than this. What was actually the rank of Khlestakov? (D 2)
Re-read Silent Scene carefully at the end of the comedy. What is its significance, in your opinion?
This official is a passionate hunter. Even in an institution subordinate to him, there is "a hunting rapnik right above the cabinet with papers." Name the hero, what is he in charge of in the city? (D.1)
It was this hero who began to report to the "auditor" Khlestakov about how things really are in city institutions when he visited him in the mayor's house, among other officials. Name it. (D.4)
One of the employees of this institution has such a violent temper that he is ready not only to beat the furniture, but to lose his life - "for science." Name the institution and the official who manages it. (D.1)
This hero asked Khlestakov: "When you go to Petersburg, tell all the different nobles there: senators and admirals, that here, Your Excellency or Excellency, he lives in such and such a city:." Who wanted to inform all the capital's nobles about himself? (D.4)

In Gogol's play "The Government Inspector" is the best social comedy of its time. The Inspector General played an important role in the development of public consciousness. High realism closely merged in The Inspector General with satire, satire - with the embodiment social ideas. The writer set himself the goal of “laughing hard” at what is “worthy of universal ridicule”, Gogol saw laughter as a powerful means of influencing society. According to Gogol in the play, he decided to "collect into one heap everything bad in Russia that I then knew, all the injustices that are being done in those places and in those cases where justice is most needed, and at one time laugh at everything."

The city in the play is depicted through the eyes of the owners of the city themselves. That is why we also know about real streets where “tavern, uncleanness” is. Officials do not try to change anything before the arrival of the auditor: it is enough just to embellish the city and its offices, put a straw milestone near the garbage dump, so that it looks like a “layout”, and put clean caps on the unfortunate patients. The only sad thing is that the common misfortune is the arrival of the auditor. The city is united by a feeling of fear, it is fear that makes city officials almost brothers. There is complete chaos in the county town.

But the life of people in this city is not easy. Especially to merchants whom officials rob in every possible way. The governors take everything that gets into their eyes. And he also "wait completely froze" the merchants. But not only the mayor was unfair to the merchants, but also to many others. For example, the mayor ordered to hand over a married man to the soldiers (and this is not according to the law) and deprive his wife of her husband. Although the man should have taken the tailor's son instead, his parents bribed the mayor. Or a completely innocent person, namely a non-commissioned officer, was flogged, and, moreover, for a mistake they also forced to pay a fine. Here is the image county town.

For example, in charitable institutions there is a complete mess: the city hospital, court, schools. Everywhere dirt, theft. In the hospital, they treat “closer to nature”, they don’t use expensive medicines, “a simple person, if he dies, then he will die anyway, and if he recovers, then he will recover anyway.” Patients walk around in dirty bathrobes. Shpekin calmly admits that he reads other people's letters. The postmaster keeps it in order to read out the most “playful” places to the city society. IN educational institution teachers behave strangely, make grimaces. And the history teacher explains "with such fervor." Watchmen in court, brought geese.

The officials were the same. They had common features: ignorance, narrow-mindedness, superstition, envy, embezzlement, bribery. They also loved to gossip, especially Dobchinsky and Bobchinsky. You can see that none of them can be named. honest man who works for the good of his homeland, which, in fact, is the goal public service.

Gogol so managed to show each image, without losing his individual originality, a typical way of life. It shows that such a city has no future.