The story of how I was in the museum. Culture and education

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"I'll take you to the museum..."
Stories told by museum workers in Russia

Series "People's Book"

Head of the project "People's Book" Vladimir Chernets

Project coordinator, editor of the site "People's book" Vladimir Guga

Project manager for Internet promotion of the "People's Book" Tatyana Mayorova

Editorial board: Vladimir Guga, Anna Zimova, Ekaterina Serebriakova

© AST Publishing House LLC, 2017

* * *

We express gratitude

Organizing Committee of the International Youth Poetry Competition. K. R. Natalya Zhukova, host of the program "Museum Stories" on radio "Petersburg"

To the Russian Committee of the International Council of Museums (ICOM of Russia) and personally to Afanasy Gnedovsky and Dinara Khalikova

Zoya Chalova, President of the St. Petersburg Library Society, Director of the Central City Public Library. V. V. Mayakovsky

Interstate television and radio company "MIR" and personally to the head of the Internet Broadcasting Service Maria Cheglyaeva

Anna Vsemirnova, Radio Russia correspondent

Natalya Shergina, journalist

Tatyana Barkova, photographer

Yuri Murashkin, photographer

School-studio of television skills "Kadr"

Music TV channel "Pladis"

"Community of St. Petersburg Bloggers"

Journal "Industry of Tourism and Culture"

Alla Karyagina, host of the program "World of Arts" on radio "Maria"

St. Petersburg writers' shop and personally to Yuri Sobolev

Children's Library of the History and Culture of St. Petersburg and personally Mira Vasyukova

Academy of Russian Ballet. A. Ya. Vaganova and personally Galina Petrova

State Museum of the History of Religion (St. Petersburg)

State Russian Museum (St. Petersburg)

Russian Ethnographic Museum (St. Petersburg)

St. Petersburg State Museum of Theater and Musical Art

Russian State Museum of the Arctic and Antarctic (St. Petersburg)

All-Russian Museum of A. S. Pushkin and the Memorial Museum-Apartment of A. S. Pushkin (Moika, 12)

Exhibition Center "Hermitage Amsterdam"

State Museum-Reserve "Tsarskoye Selo" (St. Petersburg)

State Museum-Reserve "Pavlovsk" (St. Petersburg)

State Museum-Reserve "Gatchina" (St. Petersburg)

Museum-Institute of the Roerich Family (St. Petersburg)

State Lermontov Museum-Reserve "Tarkhany"

House-Museum of Marina Tsvetaeva (Moscow)

Elabuga State Museum-Reserve

Kozmodemyansk cultural and historical museum complex

Kostroma Architectural, Ethnographic and Landscape Museum-Reserve "Kostroma Sloboda"

Memorial Museum of Boris Pasternak (Chistopol, Republic of Tatarstan)

Museum of Wooden Architecture (Kostroma)

Museum of Electric Transport (St. Petersburg)

Museum-estate of S. V. Rachmaninov "Ivanovka"

Orenburg Regional Museum of Fine Arts

Military Medical Museum (St. Petersburg)

Tver Regional Art Gallery

Central Museum of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation

Chistopol State Historical, Architectural and Literary Museum-Reserve

“My whole life is connected with museums”
Opening remarks by the Adviser to the President of the Russian Federation for Culture and Art

The collection that you are holding in your hands is intended to emphasize the importance of museums in our lives. And not only through acquaintance with the objects that they store, but also through contact with personal stories that envelop the museum world.

One of the clearest confirmations of the interweaving of these two professions is the work of the Nobel laureate in literature Orhan Pamuk, who wrote the novel "The Museum of Innocence", and then embodied the atmosphere of the life of his heroes in reality by opening a museum in Istanbul. Similarly to the mission of a museum, literature, especially documentaries, is designed to capture, preserve information and carry values ​​through time, while remaining relevant and in demand for society. In fact, the museum teaches a leisurely, calm, respectful attitude towards heritage, history, and monuments. A person who has gone through a museum school has a “protective psychology”. He reacts differently to the threat of losing what the memory carries.

Visiting a museum is, like reading a good book, a great pleasure and happiness, and very affordable. If we talk about a book, just take it off the shelf and you are already happy if it is a good book. The museum additionally gives a feeling of your presence, your being inside this world, the world of historical figures and events.

I am sure that the publication “People's Book. I'll Take You to the Museum" will be of interest not only to museum staff, who will be able to get acquainted with the memories of colleagues and visitors, but also to museum lovers, for whom this book will slightly open the door to such a different and full of discoveries world of museum life.

V. I. Tolstoy,

Vice-President of ICOM Russia, Adviser to the President of the Russian Federation on Culture and Art

Instead of a preface

Life is amazing and unpredictable. Who would have thought that when the AST publishing house decides to release another “People's Book” (this time dedicated to museums), this will lead to a new St. Petersburg community that does not yet have a name, but it seems that there is already a future.

And it all started with the thought: how should museum workers, scientific people, sometimes closed, immersed in their own searches and serious affairs, be involved in collecting stories for this collection? To hear from them vital, maybe even ironic or comical stories about their life in the museum? It was then that the idea arose - to hold something like a museum skit ...

They decided to organize the first St. Petersburg skit outside the museum, in the Books and Coffee art cafe. It was not just a success - everyone in the audience liked it! It turned out that museum workers are not people immersed in the past at all. They are ironic, they know how to tell wonderful - enticing and funny - stories, love to listen and know how to laugh contagiously.

At the second skit, an offer was received from representatives of the State Museum of the History of Religion: let's meet next time at our museum! And - off we go ... One museum replaced another, new people came, and the old-timers called themselves "veterans" of the new museum movement. Over the course of a year, skits have turned from just friendly communication into quite a serious occupation: they get to know each other, are interested in what their colleagues live in, visit museums, expositions, exhibitions, and then talk about them. Bringing new colleagues here, they find friends and partners for new projects here... The community has spread around the city with its activities: first they performed at the Book Salon in St. Petersburg, then at the Book Alleys, and now the museum hour has become a regular at the Friday evenings of the St. Petersburg Writers' Bookstore.

The poet said: “It is not given to us to predict how our word will respond ...” But it turned out to be for us - given, even before the book was published. And now the book is out. And, perhaps, not the last, which will be written together by people who cannot imagine life without a museum.

Natalya Zhukova,

open area

Collecting stories about these roads, we have compiled a whole book. Among its authors are researchers, travelers, and guides. If you think that a history book about museums is a collection of strict manuscripts, you are deeply mistaken. The museum is an amazing world in which scientific discoveries are made and a variety of events take place - tragic and comical. That is why the thematic rubricator and the pool of our authors are so diverse.

We began to collect the book "I'll take you to the museum" at the end of 2015, and finally, after almost two years, it saw the light of day. It was not easy to make a collection, as we walked along an unbeaten path: such books had not been published before. Nevertheless, we - authors, editors, experts - tried to make the book as honest, interesting and competent as possible.

Read our book and come to museums.

The museum is an open area! The museum is the territory of discoveries!

Vladimir Guga,

correspondent of the magazine "Reading Together", coordinator of the "People's Book" project and editor of the website of the same name

I
Museums we choose

Nahum Kleiman
film historian, honored worker of arts of the Russian Federation
(Moscow)
There can be no progress in art

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© N. I. Kleiman, text, photo, 2017

Naum Ikhilievich Kleiman in 1989 headed the Cinema Museum organized by the Union of Cinematographers of the USSR, which became a real cult place in the capital. In 2005, the State Central Museum of Cinema was evicted from the walls of the Cinema Center on Krasnaya Presnya, which had been built for it, and thousands of serious cinema lovers lost their platform to get acquainted with the best examples of cinema art and communicate with like-minded people. Naum Ikhilievich Kleiman told the organizers of the project “People's Book. I'll take you to the museum" about the importance of museums in the life of a modern person and shared his views on museum culture.

N. I. KLEIMAN. In Japan, at a seminar on Eisenstein

Museum as an Island of Honor

The museum world of Russia is usually perceived only through the prism of its two cultural capitals. However, ascetics live and work in the regions, who create amazing things. Yes, in St. Petersburg and Moscow there are many more opportunities to support the museum business. But sometimes we simply cannot imagine how much ingenuity and true talent the employees of regional museums have shown at all times.

The Minusinsk Museum of Local Lore received the highest awards at international exhibitions in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. It was founded by the pharmacist and pharmacist Nikolai Martyanov in 1877. This museum still exists and thrives. I visited it together with Vasily Shukshin in 1963. Here, not just household items, flora and fauna of Siberia are collected, but the involvement of the inhabitants of a distant land in the “big” world is shown. Martyanov created not just a repository of artifacts, but assembled a model of a single world, organic, technical, human.

Another example is Barnaul. Altai is an amazing region. The Gorno-Altai Autonomous Region is the northernmost Buddhist region in the world. Also, traces of the settlement of freedmen-convicts of tsarist times, former serfs from different regions of the European part of Russia, are very interesting here. At one time they came to Altai, got land there ... This combination of cultures - Buddhism and Russian traditions - is unique.

The Altai Territory gave Russia a lot of talents, including filmmakers. Barnaul has the State Museum of the History of Literature, Art and Culture (GMILIKA). Remarkable people from this museum came to Moscow, to our Museum of Cinema more than once - director Igor Alekseevich Korotkov and his deputy for scientific work Elena Vladimirovna Ogneva.

Once upon a time, the Barnaul Museum had a branch - the House-Museum of Vasily Shukshin in his native village of Srostki. Now this museum has a whole network of branches, including those related to cinema. There is already a branch that keeps the memory of the great actress Ekaterina Savinova. In the future, the opening of museums directed by Ivan Alexandrovich Pyryev and actor Valery Zolotukhin. Enthusiasts strive to perpetuate the names of all the people that the Altai Territory is famous for. This is not just boasting about your small homeland, but an attempt to inspire the younger generation: “Guys, you do not live at the end of the world. Your fellow countrymen are world famous people.” This is an extremely important - both moral and civic - function of the museum, not to mention the preservation of memorial things and the memory of remarkable artists.

The Irkutsk Museum of the Decembrists appeared before my very eyes. Enthusiasts have been collecting exhibits related to the stay of the Decembrists and their families in Siberia for over a century. They were kept for a long time in the funds of the Museum of Local Lore, sometimes making exhibitions. In 1963, when a group of VGIK graduates traveled around Siberia with their theses, the poet Mark Sergeev spoke of the future museum as a dream - "his own and several other eccentrics." In 1970, an exposition was opened in the Trubetskoy house, and later in the Volkonsky house. As far as I remember, even then the concept of this museum was very different from the general Soviet doctrine, according to which the December Uprising of 1825 was only the forerunner of October.

The founders of this museum have created a kind of "island of honor", if you like, which today can play a colossal moral role both for Irkutsk and for the whole of Russia. The same enthusiast was Vladimir Petrovich Kupchenko, who did everything to ensure that the house of Maximilian Voloshin in the Crimea became a museum. But these are just a few unique museum phenomena that are remembered first of all. And there are many, many more.

Museum as Destiny

Many roads lead people to serve in museums. One ancient Chinese parable comes to mind: a person was invited to public service, which in China was and remains a very honorable occupation. And he went on foot to the capital. He walked and walked and suddenly saw that on the threshold of the house by the road a small child was crying. It turned out that his parents had died of an illness. The man decided to stop and wait for the next passerby to give the orphan to his care. But those passers-by who occasionally appeared on the road did not want to take the child. Then the failed dignitary began to cultivate the land of his dead parents. Gradually, a person got used to the baby, and spent his whole life next to him, never getting into public service.

When the Union of Cinematographers founded the museum, I did not think that it would become a job for me. I intended to continue to study Eisenstein's legacy and film science... I agreed to "help with the development of the concept", to dedicate a year and a half to the museum, no more. But this "child" still did not let me go. Honestly, I'm not a fighter, I have absolutely no fighting qualities. But it turned out that the director must keep his fists clenched and his elbows splayed all the time so that the newly-minted "masters of life" would not destroy his museum. They repeatedly tried to break me, but I could not afford to give up, so as not to betray the cause needed by society and cinema and the young people who believed in it - not only employees, but spectators: they needed such a museum. As, however, to the classics themselves, who, without our attention to their heritage, also become “orphans”.

The Museum of Cinema was created for such a long and difficult time, because the attitude of how “the cinema should be” changed all the time: yesterday’s “demigods” were constantly overthrown. In the 1920s, pre-revolutionary cinema was overthrown, then, in the 1930s, a blow was dealt to the so-called “formalists” who helped cinema find its own language, in the 1940s they hit the “politically immature” filmmakers of the 1930s, etc. d… Disrespect for one's predecessors is a terrible tendency. Why did it happen to us? There are many reasons for that. But, in particular, we are in the grip of a very strange understanding of progress as an obligatory change from the worst (or underdeveloped) to the best. And there can be no progress in art! In general, not to respect your predecessors means not to respect your descendants either. At one of the decisive meetings with Soviet officials about the fate of the Cinema Museum on Krasnaya Presnya, a certain office lady asked us: “Well, what garbage are you going to exhibit there? Postcards? Posters? Advertisements? Yes?"

Stanislav Rostotsky and artist Elza Rappoport at her exhibition at the Cinema Museum

Fortunately, at that moment, in 1992, we were supported by Evgeny Yuryevich Sidorov, the Minister of Culture, and the Cinema Museum, for which the split Union of Cinematographers no longer had funds, was re-established in order to receive state status in 2002.

Museum as Chamber of Weights and Measures

Not only celebrities, including Andrei Zvyagintsev, Alexei Popogrebsky, Boris Khlebnikov, came out of the Cinema Museum, but also a number of artists, cameramen, and many just good people.

Quentin Tarantino at the stock exhibition of the Museum of Cinema near the costumes for the film "Ivan the Terrible"

What is a museum? This is not only a repository of documents and art monuments. It is, first of all, a navigator in the world of culture. Figuratively speaking, a visitor in the museum is given a map and told: “Here is Leonardo and Rembrandt, here is Van Gogh, and here is Serov. And now decide for yourself whether the constantly appearing new canvases are approaching these standards and which of them is a new phenomenon in art, which will later also become a standard? I have said many times, but I will not be afraid to repeat that the museum is a kind of chamber of measures and weights. Agree, we need to know what a kilogram is, what a second is, what a kilometer is. Otherwise we will be lost in this world. So the Museum of Cinema performed its function of educating the individual, and also served as a chamber of aesthetic measures and weights in the endless sea of ​​"audio vision".

But sometimes the museum plays not only an educational role, but also provides an opportunity to make the most important personal discoveries. Once we showed the visitors the film "Ilyich's Outpost". After the session, a young woman came up to me and said: “How grateful I am to you for this film. Now I understand my mother better.” For me, this is the highest compliment to the work of the museum! If a person began to better understand his mother, then the existence of the museum is justified. This spectator does not need to understand the nuances of Marlen Khutsiev's directing or Margarita Pilikhina's cinematography. The main thing is that her mother became for her a part of the reality that she saw and understood. And what could be more important?

The Museum as a Guarantor of Permanence

Can a museum survive in the era of cinematography, digital television, and computer technologies, rich in special effects? Certainly! When the first exhibition of works by Kazimir Malevich was held in our Tretyakov Gallery, I invited my techie friends, who had no direct relation to art, but sincerely wanted to understand why this “abstractionist” was so valued in the world. Leading them through the exposition and commenting on the canvases to the best of my ability and knowledge, I suddenly discovered that there were more and more people around - they also wanted to hear our conversation. It is known, after all, that an unprepared visitor's first reaction to Malevich's work is approximately the following: “Well, I drew a square. And what's so special about it? I can do that too". But people begin to look at the so-called non-objective art in a completely different way when you tell them that Malevich studied with icon painters, in particular with Andrei Rublev, whose "Trinity" in the center on a white field for some reason depicts a double rectangle ... It turns out so geometrically the “golden section”, known to the ancient Greeks, is presented, which is associated with both the categories of beauty and the irrationality of the world. Rublev on this greatest icon depicted not only the Old Testament tradition of the three angels who visited the house of Abraham, but also the New Testament metaphysics of the unity of the three hypostases of God. And he depicted not only figuratively - in the silent conversation of the Trinity about the self-sacrifice of Christ, but also abstractly - with the help of a geometric system of circles and spheres, extending from the Sacrificial Chalice to the entire universe. If you stand in front of a genuine icon at the right point, you suddenly find yourself in a sphere that, thanks to the reverse perspective, emerges from the icon into the space in front of it. It's like an analogue of the sacrament of communion! This miracle cannot be achieved on any reproductions. You experience a similar effect, say, in Toledo in front of El Greco’s painting “The Funeral of Count Orgas”: standing in front of it at the barrier, which, perhaps, the artist himself put up, you suddenly see the count’s funeral on the ground from above, his soul in front of the Virgin from below, and right in front of a boundless Cosmos beyond perspective...

In the museum, both visual and verbal communication with the original is possible, which other types and objects of educational activities are deprived of. Neither cinema nor the Internet will ever replace the original! But at the same time, the museum should not lag behind the times, it is obliged to attract more and more new means and forms of exposure and communication.

When I first came to Berlin in 1968 at the invitation of the Academy of Arts of the GDR, its president, director Konrad Wolf, suggested that I go to Weimar, Dresden and Leipzig. In Weimar, the first thing I went, of course, was to Goethe's House. I was told that first I had to go to the stable ... I was surprised, but I did so. It turned out that a cinema hall was made from the stable, in which a small introductory film was shown. It told who Goethe was, what his addictions were, what he did for German culture, what this house meant for him, what kind of relationship he had with the Duke ... Within fifteen to twenty minutes I was tuned in a certain way, introduced into Goethe's life was introduced to his character, and the things from that house that I was to see were shown in the context of his biography and work. After such an overture, I examined with completely different eyes both the front suite in the memorial house and the small room where the poet worked at his desk. Today, technology makes it possible even to tactfully introduce small “expofilms” into the memorial exposition, through broadcasting on the visitor’s smartphone, revealing the meaning and significance of the exhibits.

Museum as a fashion trend

The exhibition of paintings by Valentin Serov was crowded even before the appearance of Vladimir Putin. True, at first there was no excitement there. Then fame spread around Moscow, and it began ... I came there when there was already a queue. We have, unfortunately, what is called "fashion". Alas, art has become the subject of fashionable reception... It is customary to "rip" tickets to some concerts, as is customary to worship a cult figure. Unfortunately, they tried to make something out of the work of Valentin Serov that it never was. Yes, there was a crush at the Picasso exhibition, and I remember it very well. And at the Moscow-Paris exhibition. They became for many people a discovery of the art of the 20th century, for some - an opportunity to "taste the forbidden fruit", and for others - an occasion to scandal. Yes, the same Caravaggio! People also stood in line for him. But Serov is not a deficit and something forbidden. The public itself “promoted” it, and Putin’s visit may have spurred this “promotion”. In part, I'm even glad about this: Serov is a world-class artist, but only a few of his paintings were popular in Russia. And outside of it, he is generally little known. Now he will be "in demand" at least no less than Shishkin ...

I believe that the more the head of state goes to exhibitions, the better it will be for the state. The example of a leader often brings up the feelings of the masses, and such an example is far from the worst. But the exhibition of Serov's works turned partly into a fashionable event that swirled around itself, like a whirlpool, a lot of people who were generally indifferent to culture, including representatives of the political elite. Mass media also added fuel to the furnace. The role of television as a drug is undeniable: it injects into the public consciousness an agitated attitude towards the most natural things.

Serov, by the way, is very well represented in the Tretyakov Gallery. Well, they brought a portrait of Ida Rubinstein from St. Petersburg to this exhibition. So what? Not for the sake of it all rushed to the Central House of Artists! It’s just that suddenly everyone “became necessary” to watch Serov. Once in the Louvre, I saw a crowd of tourists looking at the Mona Lisa through telescopes and binoculars. But why exactly is the Mona Lisa an object of worship? What, the "Madonna in the Rocks" of the same Leonardo, located nearby, has less artistic value?

Museum as a Window to Eternity

I really love the Pushkin Museum in St. Petersburg, which now occupies the entire house on the Moika, where the poet spent the last months of his life. Once upon a time, only the memorial apartment of the poet in this house was a museum. Nina Ivanovna Popova, the current director of the Anna Akhmatova Museum in the Fountain House, worked here. She was amazing at leading tours. I was lucky - friends introduced us, and I was honored to walk around Pushkin's apartment together with Nina Ivanovna. I will never forget the beginning of her story: “Everything you see here, except for a cane, a writing desk and a bullet-proof vest, is typology. Even a miniature of Natalia Nikolaevna (Goncharova. - Ed.) is a facsimile copy. Real miniatures would fade in the light, and we do not display them. The only thing that is truly reliable is the view from the window. Pushkin saw the same thing that you see now. Here is Benckendorff's house, and this is Derzhavin's house. And there - Winter ... "

When you stand in front of this window, you willy-nilly identify yourself with Pushkin. Such a perception of the museum allows you to understand much more than what the lecture gives. There should not be a fetishistic attitude towards the museum. A museum specialist should not deceive, passing off the typology as genuine things. Of course, he should admit: “This is how Pushkin's living room could look like, and this is how his bedroom. But we also have something that you will not see in any other museum in the world.” With the right approach to the presentation of information, the museum visitor is not simply placed in the coordinate system chosen according to the accepted general methodology. It is important to immerse him not only in the aura of the originals, but also in the field of assumptions. There is no need to hide controversial issues from him, and exposition images (not only originals and typological artifacts) need to awaken the memory and imagination of a person. It is impossible to isolate art, on the one hand, from objective life, from the ever-changing reality of the universe, and, on the other hand, from museum creativity and from the co-creation of the viewer.

Interviewed by Vladimir Guga

Pupils of 2 "B" class GBOU secondary school No. 37 of Moscow 2013-2014 academic year

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Hayrapetyan K.

Essay.

Paleontological Museum.

Today our class took the bus to the museum. The bus was big and beautiful. The museum building is large, beautiful and bright. We climbed the stairs to the hall, undressed and began the tour. There they saw different dinosaurs, mammoths, crocodiles, sharks, rhinos and reptiles. The largest egg was a bird's.

We were glad that we learned a lot of interesting things for ourselves.

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Baranov S.

Composition.

At the Paleontological Museum.

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Berdimuratov.

We learned that the Velociraptor dinosaur can run very fast (“fast thief”). Then we learned that some kinds of dinosaurs had long tails or very long necks. Some dinosaurs can fly while others can swim. We learned about flying dinosaurs, herbivores and carnivores EVERYTHING.

OK it's all over Now!

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Berezovskaya L.

Composition.

Visit to the museum.

Today I was in the paleontological museum. We arrived at the museum by bus. We were greeted by a cheerful tour guide. She told interesting stories about dinosaurs, monkeys, mammoths and people living in caves. I remember the story about the biggest dinosaur. He had two brains. One nut-sized brain was in the head and the other in the tail. He helped defend. It turns out that the elephant bird had a larger egg than the dinosaurs. In the museum you can see the skeleton of a mammoth. I remember a little mammoth. The mammoth was named after the river where it was found. At that time, the man was not tall, about one hundred and twenty centimeters, and his life expectancy was about thirty years. In their homes, people painted on the stone walls of the animals they ate.

At the end of the tour we went to buy souvenirs. My friend Masha and I chose two beautiful horses.

I really enjoyed the tour.

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Vlasova N.

Composition.

My class and I went on an excursion to the paleontological museum. I liked the biggest dinosaur - diplodocus. It carries eggs, and its length is 26 m. And I also liked the microbes, they were green. There was an exhibit of an ancient deer with large antlers. I saw the head of a mammoth and its tusks. In another room, I met a hornless rhinoceros. He was tall and big. Then there was the head of a large platypus. And almost at the end of the tour, we saw the eggs of birds and dinosaurs.

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Egor P.

Composition.

Today I went with the class to the paleontological museum.

We learned a lot of new things, for example, that the largest mammoth has eyes that look in different directions, and nostrils on the forehead. And also that dinosaurs have cold blood, while ours is warm. It turns out that the smartest dinosaurs couldn't run fast. I remember the fossilized tooth of a shark called a carcharod and the smallest mammoth found on June 23, 1977. There were also green microbes that feed on the rays of the sun. I was struck by a fish 2 meters long, she knew how to walk under water. The blue whale of that time weighed 2,000 tons. And the biggest frog was 2 meters long. I also saw the skeleton of the Loch Ness monster in the hall.

I really liked this museum.

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Komkov N

Homework.

Composition.

My trip to the museum

This morning, as a class, we went to the paleontological museum. We did not go long, on a very comfortable bus.

I learned a lot of new and interesting things in the museum. For example, that the largest egg is laid by a bird. And that the largest animal on earth is the blue whale. I also saw the skeletons of dinosaurs and crocodiles, mammoth tusks and much more.

After the tour ended, the guys and I had time to take pictures of the exhibits as a keepsake. Having gained impressions, we went home.

Thanks for the interesting tour!

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Mamoyan A.

Composition.

Day at the museum.

Today our class visited the Paleontological Museum. An excursion was organized for us. I really liked the guide, she talked interestingly about prehistoric animals. In the museum we visited six halls where we saw the skeletons of various dinosaurs. I especially liked the diplodocus, as it turned out to be the largest in the museum. We also got acquainted with the bones of a saber-toothed tiger, hornless rhinoceros, deer, lizards and other animals.

Personally, I really enjoyed the trip, and I think that we had a good time.

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Baranov S.

Composition.

At the Paleontological Museum.

On November 7, our class went on an excursion to the Paleontological Museum. We wanted to know who the dinosaurs are. But we learned a lot more. I wrote down all the most interesting. Here, for example: we saw petrified trees at the entrance, and when we entered the first hall, a dinosaur skeleton appeared before us, which seemed to be hanging in the air. Looking at the wall, I was surprised to find that before me was a huge picture. It turned out that the dinosaur is a huge lizard, and the first vertebrates that appeared on earth were fish. And the ancestors of humans are monkeys.

The museum had a huge skeleton of a hornless rhinoceros (by the way, more than I thought). There was even a Diplodocus skeleton and brain!

We were told about the elephant bird, about the fossil Pinocchio, showed a two-meter skeleton of a frog with a tail. And the most interesting is the coelacanth, a fish with paws! They also showed a stone, which is one and a half billion years old, and the skeleton of a plesiosaur. At the end of our trip, we bought some souvenirs. I purchased a mini stegosaurus skeleton, which is very mobile and looks like a real one.

I will remember this trip for a long time!

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Morales Escomilla Nicole

Composition.

On the topic of:

Trip to the museum

My class and I went on a field trip to the Paleontological Museum. First I saw the tree of life, then we were shown the first people. They were small in stature and looked like monkeys. There was also a mammoth. He had big tusks. I also liked green microbes. Then we were taken to a hall where there were dinosaur skeletons. I liked the duck-billed dinosaur. But most of all I remember the skeleton of Diplodocus, its length is 26 meters.

I really enjoyed the tour and I will definitely go there again!

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Peisakhova

Homework.

Composition.

This museum has a lot of dinosaur skeletons. All skeletons are almost life-size. We saw the skeleton of Tarbosaurus, Diplodocus, Hipparion. I was impressed by the great variety of invertebrates. Of course, once is not enough to see all the exposures. I plan to visit this museum with my parents.

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Potapushin N.

Homework.

An essay about:

"In the world of ancient giants."

A long time ago, things were different on our planet. The continents were closer to each other, the climate was humid. Paths in the forests and fields were trampled by different dinosaurs.

Science knows more than 900 species of dinosaurs that lived on Earth in the Mesozoic era. Scientists - paleontologists tell us about the existence of dinosaurs and introduces the Moscow Paleontological Museum. Yu.A. Orlova, which I visited on November 7 with my 2nd "B" class.

I learned a lot from the tour. For example, that the first representative of the ancient world was called Stegosaurus. The longest dinosaur was named Diplodocus, its tail was 14 meters! Scientists say that there were dinosaurs - poison dart frogs.

This amazing and interesting excursion will be remembered for a long time.

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Prodma A.

Composition.

As I went with the class to the museum.

Today I was in the Paleontological Museum. Yu.A. Orlov. There were many interesting things. In the first hall there were skeletons of mammals, there was also Dima the mammoth. In the next room, I saw the ancient coelacanth fish and dinosaur ancestors. And in the last room there was an aquarium with bacterial material.

I bought a balloon with a dinosaur as a keepsake.

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Ryndak N.

Composition.

The first trip to the museum with the class.

On Thursday, my class and I went to the Paleontological Museum.

We saw skeletons of dinosaurs and mammoths there, and even blue whales. We also saw crocodiles and alligators. We were told about these museum exhibits. They were beautiful and not very, but naturally they were not alive. I liked this museum. Me and some guys bought some souvenirs.

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Savina V

Composition.

Paleontological Museum.

Our class was at the Paleontological Museum. There were petrified trees on the street, and inside there were many petrified fish. When we went down, there was an interesting wall, and there were a lot of dinosaurs on this wall.

And then we went into the hall, there were many different types of dinosaur and mammoth bones. There were also half-monkeys, half-humans, even a long-horned deer and a mammoth skull, a large rhinoceros without a horn and a 25 m long Diplodocus. There were dinosaur eggs. Big eggs. There was a large chandelier in the next room. And then there were pictures of leeches. And on the ceiling is a long dinosaur.

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Samarina L.

My trip to the museum

Today we went to the paleontological museum. I saw a petrified tree. It warms your hands. And a mammoth skeleton.

I saw the skeleton of a pleosaurus, an ancient amphibian. There are strange microbes in the museum. We were told about the frozen mammoth, whose name is Dima.

I really enjoyed the tour.

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Saprykin V.

Composition.

On November 7, our class had an excursion to the Paleontological Museum named after Yu.A. Orlov. This is one of the largest natural history museums in the world, leading its history from the Kunstkamera founded by Peter the Great. The exposition of the museum tells about the complex process of the evolution of life on Earth. It was very interesting for everyone to look at the ancient monsters that once inhabited our planet: mammoths, dinosaurs, ancient rhinos ...

We also saw ancient shells of mollusks, starfish, plant prints on stones, and much more. I was most interested in ancient echinoderms, mollusks and ancient fish.

I was strongly impressed by the guide's story about amazing creatures that once came out of the oceans onto land, walked the earth for millions of years, and then disappeared, and other amazing creatures appeared instead.

We returned home full of impressions, and the stories about the excursion were enough for the whole evening.

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Semenov M.

I saw the trunk of a petrified tree in the museum. Then I saw a wall painted with dinosaurs. (Then I saw) We were shown the skeleton of a herbivorous dinosaur and another dinosaur 20 m long.

Then I saw...

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Stepanov E.

Composition.

Today my class and I went on an excursion to the paleontological museum. There are many halls, various skeletons. We were told about dinosaurs, mammoths, fish and plants that lived a long time ago. I have seen dinosaur eggs and they are big. I liked the tour very much.I would like to visit there with my parents.

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Susalev D.

My excursion.

Today we all class went on an excursion to the paleontological museum. There we learned a lot of new and interesting things. We walked through different rooms. In one of the halls, we learned how and why to clean the aquarium, about crocodiles, tailed frogs, a two-meter fish and the huge jaws of a blue whale! We were told about the birds that lay the largest eggs in the world. It was interesting to learn how to distinguish a mammoth from a mammoth - by the tusks that grow in different directions. And the ancient rhinos turned out to be hornless and looked like a horse or a camel. Ancient people are very similar to monkeys. Most of all I liked the dinosaur skeletons and dinosaurs that smile in the water. I wonder what they are thinking?

I really enjoyed our tour!

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Tauger L.

Homework.

Composition.

Today I went to the Museum of Paleontology and there I saw the skeletons of dinosaurs and other prehistoric animals. I remember the skull of a saber-toothed tiger, the skull of a mammoth and the skeleton of a prehistoric elk. We also saw microbes in a glass box. The guide told us that once upon a time, many years ago, dinosaurs and other animals lived on our planet. Some were herbivores, while others were carnivores. They all lived many millions of years ago. They all differed from each other in many ways.

I really enjoyed this tour.

Preview:

Timokhov

In the paleontological museum we saw the skeletons of prehistoric animals and dinosaurs.

I liked the bacteria that release oxygen. I saw the eggs of reptiles and an ancient bird.

After visiting the museum, I learned a lot of new and interesting things.

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Fedorova M.

Our excursion.

Today my class and I went on an excursion to the paleontological museum.

In the museum, the guide told us about ancient people, about the times when dinosaurs and mammoths lived. There was a mammoth named Dima.

We were shown the tree of life. It had ancient fish and animals on it.

There were many rooms in the museum and each one is interesting in its own way. The whole class enjoyed it very much. Now we are all looking forward to the next tour.

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Shabataeva S.

Composition.

Today my class and I went on an excursion to the paleontological museum. I learned a lot of interesting things about dinosaurs. Dinosaurs lived many millions of years ago. I saw the skeletons of dinosaurs, tyrannosaurs and crocodiles. We were shown exhibits of reptiles. I really enjoyed our tour.

To be honest, I don't like museums. Therefore, when traveling, I look into such places very rarely. To tell the truth, most museums (at least in our country) are a rather boring and depressing sight. Although, of course, there are exceptions to every rule. And some of them I saw with my own eyes.

Last year, for example, Warsaw was also a pleasant discovery for me. And a few weeks ago, another unusual place left an unexpectedly vivid impression - Brest War Museum located on the territory of the infamous Brest Fortress. This museum was opened relatively recently with the support of the Russian group of companies Gazprom. For the most part, exhibits were presented here that could not find a place in other expositions and museums located on the territory of the Brest Fortress. However, the residual principle of formation should not mislead you much. After all, this museum is remarkable not so much for its collections as for its atmosphere. And it was transferred within its walls just great.

Museum of War - Territory of the World

The place that will be discussed now is located on the territory of the former barracks - in the southeastern part of the Brest Fortress (approximately in the middle between the Courage monument and the Thirst sculptural composition). As I wrote in my previous article, the territory of the fortress is actually quite large. However, despite this, finding this museum is not difficult (all you need to do is just follow the signs). In winter, several specially cleaned paths led to this place. Therefore, Tanya and I found the War Museum without any problems.

I’ll make a reservation right away: in fact, this place is called a little more ornate: “ Museum of War - Territory of the World". But with your permission, I will still use a shortened version of the name. Simply because mentioning it in the text is somehow a little more convenient.

War Museum (Brest): price and opening hours

Let me start by saying that the museum has different schedules in different periods of the year. From March to December, the expositions are open from 10.00 to 19.00 (the box office is open until 18.30). In winter (December to March) exhibition halls are open from 10.00 to 18.00 (you can buy a ticket at the box office until 17.30). Day off: Tuesday. Sanitary day: last Wednesday of every month. During the summer period of the year, the museum is open seven days a week.

Entrance to the museum costs 30,000 rubles ( UPD . at the moment already - 40,000). On the one hand, it's not very expensive. But it’s also difficult to call a cheap ticket. Another 10,000 ($0.5) was taken from me personally “for photographing” (as later in Kamenets). A trifle, of course, but such a primordially Belarusian love to tear money from everyone for air became the most unpleasant impression for me from this trip to the Brest region. Paid wi-fi, paid toilet, paid service "being on the route" (in Belovezhskaya Pushcha) - such things slightly spoil the overall impression of the trip. I don’t want to deviate too much from the topic, but I just can’t help but write this. What's next, gentlemen? Glass washing service at the bar? Additional "multiplier" for the right to hold onto the rails on the bus? Or what else will our managers have enough creativity for? That's it, I'm done with this topic. Then only good things - and only about the museum.

Behind the doors of the museum

The main halls of the museum are located on the second floor of the southeastern barracks of the Brest Fortress. We were greeted at the door by a very pleasant woman ticket clerk, who somehow immediately set the general tone for our mini-tour. In general, the services of a guide in the museum (...surprise-surprise...) are a paid thing. But since there were few visitors in the exhibition halls in mid-January, this woman agreed to give us a free mini-tour. She told us about the concept of the museum, about the history of its creation. Although personally, the story of her own fate sunk into my soul much more, which, as she said, in fact, was entirely associated with this fortress. I don’t know why, but somehow I especially remember the love and warmth with which she told us about this place. So now, taking this opportunity, I would like to thank her. So…

Lyudmila Timofeevna, the entire editorial staff of the blog site (in other words, Tanya and I) sincerely thanks you for an interesting story and a pleasant excursion. I hope you read these words. And remember two frozen guys with a camera who came to your museum a couple of weeks ago.

First hall. "The day before".

The entire Brest War Museum is structurally divided into eight different halls. The first of them tells about the days preceding the beginning of the battles. The atmosphere of the old barracks rooms is recreated here. And right under the ceiling, a panorama of the July sky glows - the same as hung over the city a few hours before the start of the war.

Otherwise, everything is pretty standard: old photographs, examples of military uniforms, recreated furnishings of soldiers' barracks rooms. In general, see for yourself.

Second hall. Battle.

The second hall of the museum contains various exhibits related to the period of the battle for the Brest Fortress: old weapons, fragments of the memories of Soviet soldiers, recreated copies of the German boats on which the Nazi troops crossed the river. The atmosphere is creepy. But everything looks very penetrating.

One of the main "chips" of this hall is the recreated shelling of the fortress by German aircraft. Once every four minutes, the lights go out in the room, the walls begin to shake, and the rumble of Nazi planes begins to sound overhead ... I don’t know if it can be conveyed with the help of a short video. But it's still better than simple words.

Third and fourth halls. Trial.

An excerpt from the text posted at the entrance to the hall: “The tragedy of war is not only in the death and suffering of millions of people. The most difficult test for many of its participants was captivity - forced restriction of freedom, life without rights, struggle and death in captivity. The third hall of the Brest "Museum of War" is dedicated to the history and fate of Soviet soldiers and civilians who, for one reason or another, ended up in German concentration camps. Visiting this hall involuntarily reminded me of our trip to Auschwitz last year. By the way, several stands are dedicated to this camp here.

Model of a watchtower, recreated after the example of those used in German concentration camps.

Trimmings of poles to which Soviet prisoners of war were tied. Subsequently, on such "live targets" young German soldiers honed the art of shooting.

A photograph of the children of one of the Soviet commanders, who were shot by German troops during the years of the occupation of Belarus.

Looking ahead a little, I will say that the fatherland really has not forgotten them. Therefore, after returning from German captivity, a huge number of ordinary Soviet soldiers were exiled to other camps - already on the territory of Russia. Coincidentally or not, this topic is only indirectly touched upon in the exhibition halls of the museum. It pops up in the memories of eyewitnesses, in the letters of former prisoners and soldiers. But only briefly, as if casually. Personally, I remember this letter the most. Read, do not be lazy.

Fifth hall. "Confession".

Okay let's close this topic. Leaving aside some ideological nuances, in all other respects the “Museum of War – Territory of Peace” really remains a very cool place. What are these sound stands with the memories of people who survived the battles in the Brest Fortress worth? You stand on the red circle on the floor, and the voice of one of the eyewitnesses begins to sound from above. And each story - like a reflection of someone's fate - sounds heartfelt and very interesting. As I found out a little later, these records were recorded in the late forties, when the surviving eyewitnesses of the war years were able to return to the Fortress again.

Here, if you want to listen. Memories of the beginning of the war. Very interesting.

Sixth hall. Echo of war.

The entrance to the next hall passes through such a long tunnel, inside of which are collected various ammunition found in the ground after the end of the Second World War. This place looks very cool. I like it.

Seventh and eighth halls.

The following halls are positioned as separate expositions. However, their concepts and content are very, very similar. The Heritage Hall and the Memory Road Hall unite various works of artists, directors and sculptors, one way or another connected with the history of the Brest Fortress. In one of the halls, the Belarusian-Russian film "Brest Fortress" is shown on the big screen. A sort of free cinema for everyone.

The works of Soviet and Belarusian figures did not impress me. But the huge cartridge cases filled with earth from the places of memorable battles of the Second World War made a completely opposite impression. There is Minsk, Grodno, Kyiv, Moscow, Odessa, Kursk, Warsaw and many other cities that witnessed the main stages of the war. I photographed exhibition stands, probably ten times.

The War Museum is the territory of the world. Final word.

In general, the topic of the War is a very delicate and sensitive topic for all Belarusians. We must not forget this time. At least to ensure that such events do not happen again. I'm glad I visited this museum. And I am glad that in our country there is something similar. Let's remember our heroes and hope that history will unite us. Instead of driving a wedge between people and entire nations.

Sincerely yours, Anton Borodachev.

Culture and education

Museum, theater, circus, exhibition hall, concert hall, library is cultural institutions.

School, lyceum, gymnasium, college, university, conservatory is educational institutions.

Emphasize cultural institutions with one feature, educational institutions with two.
School, museum, circus, gymnasium, library, theater, college, college, university, concert hall, lyceum, exhibition hall.

Here is the task Seryozha and Nadya came up with for you. Get to know the institution of culture in one - a single subject. Fill in the boxes with the names of these institutions.

Write what institutions of culture and education are in your region (city, village).

a) Cultural institutions: circus, operetta, puppet theater, Pushkin Library

b) Educational institutions: Lyceum No. 40, University, Polytechnic College, Police School

Write a story about the museum you visited. Here you can stick a photo of the museum building or an interesting exhibit.

I visited the Armory. The Armory is a treasure museum and is part of the Grand Kremlin Palace complex. It is housed in a building built in 1851 by architect Konstantin Ton.
Here are precious objects kept in the royal treasury for centuries, made in the Kremlin workshops, as well as received as a gift from the embassies of foreign states, ceremonial royal clothes and coronation dress, monuments of weaponry, a collection of carriages, items of ceremonial horse attire.

Find out what educational institutions the adults in your family graduated from, what profession they received. Fill in the table.

Today I would like to tell you about the excursion to the Ice Age Museum-Theatre, which we visited in the spring. We went by bus (the program also included a visit to another minor excursion), booked through a travel company. We always try to book an excursion to a particular place in advance, because very often the demand for interesting exhibitions is greater than the supply.

The Ice Age Museum-Theater is located in Pavilion 71 at the All-Russian Exhibition Center. At the entrance, all the kids were met by a cute stuffed mammoth, whose smile immediately lifted everyone's spirits. The main composition of the museum is stuffed animals of ancient times, as well as authentic animal skeletons found under a large layer of snow and ice. In addition, in the "Ice Age" you can look at real mammoth tusks, the size and "span" of which will amaze anyone.

Naturally, the excursion was interesting for the fifth graders, they were especially impressed by the tusks and skeletons of animals, which, in fact, are rarely seen anywhere, especially the originals. What was especially impressive was the various crafts made from ivory or mammoth tusks. As an example - ivory chess, the detailed study of which is beyond praise. As far as I remember, such chess can be purchased, but the price is simply prohibitive, given that the material is not artificial (12,000 rubles)!

In some places, the material presented by the guide was boring, and the children were distracted by extraneous problems. In addition, it is worth remembering that the mobility of children aged 11-12 is large, and they do not know how to listen to the same thing for a long time. However, things about mammoths were told really interesting.

They have an alarm system in the museum, so if a child decides to touch any exhibit (except for those allowed), it immediately goes off and makes a nasty sound. I will not hide it - some fell for it, and although they did not scold the children, the children had to do brainwashing after the excursion so that this would not happen again next time. It is worth noting that this is not the museum that you want to visit again and again. If there will always be a desire to visit the Hermitage or Peterhof, then the Ice Age Museum was created for a single visit. And one more thing: the tour is unlikely to be interesting for high school students, but you can visit it as an introduction.