Belogorsk fortress based on the story The Captain's Daughter (Pushkin A. S.)

One of the works school curriculum, written by Russian writer Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin, is " Captain's daughter". In this article, we will analyze the meaning of the place in which the youth Petrusha spiritually grew up and turned into a man, Pyotr Grinev. This is the Belogorsk fortress. What role does it play in the overall idea of ​​the work? Let's figure it out.

How was the work created?

Before turning to the question of what plot and semantic functions the Belogorsk fortress performs and all the episodes that took place in it, it is necessary to turn directly to the history of the creation of the story. No analysis artwork cannot do without analyzing the events that served as an impetus for the creation of this or that creation, without searching real prototypes heroes.

The origins of the novel go back to the middle of 1832, when Alexander Sergeevich first addresses the topic of the uprising of Yemelyan Pugachev in 1773-1775. First, the writer gets access to secret materials with the permission of the authorities, then, in 1833, he goes to Kazan, where he is looking for contemporaries of those events, who have already become old men. As a result, from materials collected the "History of the Pugach Rebellion" was formed, which was published in 1834, but did not satisfy Pushkin's artistic research.

Thinking directly about major work, with a renegade hero in leading role, who ended up in the Pugachev camp, matured with the author since 1832, while working on at least famous novel"Dubrovsky". At the same time, Alexander Sergeevich had to be extremely careful, because censorship, due to any trifle, could consider such a work “free-thinking”.

Prototypes of Grinev

The essential components of the story changed repeatedly: for some time, Alexander Sergeevich was looking for a suitable surname for the key character, until he eventually settled on Grinev. By the way, such a person was really listed in real documents. During the uprising, he was suspected of conspiring with "villains", but as a result, he was released from arrest due to lack of evidence of his guilt. However, another person acted as the prototype of the protagonist: initially it was supposed to take Lieutenant of the 2nd Grenadier Regiment Mikhail Shvanovich, but later Alexander Sergeevich chose another participant in the events described, Basharin, who was taken prisoner by the rebels, but fled, and eventually began to fight on side of the riot suppressors.

Instead of the planned one nobleman, two of them appeared on the pages of the book: the antagonist Shvabrin, the “vile villain”, was added to Grinev. This was done in order to circumvent censorship obstacles.

What is the genre?

The work in which the Belogorsk fortress will play essential role, was interpreted by the author as historical novel. However, today most researchers of literary criticism, in view of small volume literary work, refer it to the genre of the story.

Belogorsk fortress: what did it look like?

The fortress appears in the story after the main character, Petrusha Grinev, reaches the age of 16. The father decides to send his son to serve in the army, which the young man thinks about with joy: he assumes that he will be sent to St. Petersburg, where he can continue to lead a wild, cheerful life. However, things turn out a little differently. Where does the young Grinev end up as a result? IN Belogorsk fortress, which, however, turned out to be even worse than her young man imagined.

Located in the Orenburg province, it was, in fact, a village surrounded by a wooden log palisade! Here Captain Mironov, the managing commandant, who, according to Petrusha, should have been a firm, stern, strict old man, turned out to be affectionate and gentle, met young man in a simple way, like a son, and he even conducted military exercises in a “cap and in a Chinese robe”. The brave army consisted entirely of old invalids who could not remember where the right was and where the left was, and the only defensive weapon in the fortress was an old cast-iron cannon, from which it is not known when they fired the last time.

Life in the Belogorsk fortress: how Peter's attitude is changing

Over time, however, Grinev changed his mind about the Belogorsk fortress: here he was engaged in literature, he was surrounded by kind, bright and wise people with whom he liked to talk - this especially applied to the Mironov family, that is, to the commandant himself, his wife and daughter Masha. Peter's feelings flared up for the latter, because of which the young man stood up to defend the honor of the girl and his attitude towards her in front of the vile, envious, jealous Shvabrin.

A duel took place between the men, as a result of which Grinev was dishonestly wounded, but this only brought him even closer to Masha. Despite the lack of blessing from Father Peter, the beloved continued to remain faithful friend friend in words and deeds.

After the conquest of the fortress by Emelyan Pugachev and his bandit gang, the idyll collapses. At the same time, Peter continues to remember and honor the best moments of his life spent here and does not betray this place even after it is in the hands of the rebels. He flatly refuses to swear allegiance to Pugachev, and even the fear of death does not frighten him. Main character ready to follow the commandant and other dead defenders of the fortress. However, the leader of the uprising agrees to spare Grinev for his integrity, honesty, loyalty to honor.

Grinev will find himself in the Belogorsk fortress, the essay about which is presented in detail in this article, and after the events described, because he will return here in order to save his beloved Masha, captured by the defector Shvabrin. As you can see, the fortress is one of the central places in the work. There are a large number of important, from the point of view of the plot and the development of the action, episodes.

Meaning

The composition "Belogorskaya Fortress" cannot end without a description of the meaning of this place in the semantic structure of the story. The fortress is one of the most important components of the formation of the hero's personality. It is here that Grinev meets with serious love, here he encounters the enemy. As a result, it is within the walls of the fortress that Peter turns from a boy into a mature person, a man capable of bearing responsibility for his actions.

Here he thinks about many truly philosophical matters, for example, about the meaning of life, about honor, about the value of human life. Here his morality and purity finally crystallize.

It's obvious that best place it was simply impossible to come up with - Pushkin's genius showed that it was not so important appearance like life itself, way of life, traditions, culture of a certain place. Belogorsk fortress is an element that accumulates everything truly Russian, folk, national.

"The Captain's Daughter" - a work by A.S. Pushkin. Events described in this novel(tales) take place during the Pugachev rebellion. The main place of action is the Belogorsk fortress. The narration comes from the name of the protagonist Pyotr Andreevich Grinev.

The hero of the novel was born in the Simbirsk province on the estate of his parents. Until the age of sixteen, Grinev indulged in fun with the yard boys. He didn't particularly want to study science. And there was no one to teach him a good education. The boy's father, a strict retired officer, decided that it was time to send his son to military service. Yes, not to Petersburg, where the youth will not be taught real military affairs. And where life and circumstances will teach the son everything necessary. So Petrusha Grinev was sent to serve in the Belogorsk fortress.

Imagination drew Peter a fortress with towers and bastions. What he saw in fact did not make a positive impression on the hero. The fortress turned out to be an ordinary village, surrounded by a palisade of logs. But they welcomed him there kindly. The commandant of the fortress treated Grinev downright paternally.

The first test sent to Petrusha Grinev was a duel with a colleague Shvabrin. Defending his honor and Masha, he bravely fought with swords and was wounded. After this event, Peter decided to ask for blessings from his father for marriage with Mashenka. But got rejected. The father was against his son marrying a dowry. Thus, not only Grinev's honor was tested for strength. His love feelings were also tested.

The next test of strength of character was the capture of the Belogorsk fortress by the rebels. The fortress could not stand the siege and was captured by rebels led by Emelyan Pugachev. Grinev bravely fought on a par with other defenders of the fortress. Despite desperate resistance, the fortress was captured by the enemy. The commandant and his wife were killed. Masha Mironova became an orphan in one day. And Peter, captured, was threatened with the death penalty. Savelich, an old servant, saved him from death.

The service of Pyotr Andreevich Grinev in the Belogorsk fortress was short. But she taught him such important life lessons. There he found a second home in the person of the commandant of the fortress and his family. I learned the first love, the betrayal of a colleague Shvabrin and accepted the first battle.

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Visually imagine a picture that is contained in just one phrase: “The river has not yet frozen, and its leaden waves blackened sadly in the monotonous banks covered with white snow.” Describe the epithets used here.

Leaden waves create a sharp contrast with the white shores covered with snow. Before us is a landscape of the beginning of winter, depicted graphically. It is very reminiscent of an engraving, and its outlines create an unsettling mood. Before the viewer, not only the colors of the beginning of winter appear, but also a certain mood is created. So, the epithet lead conveys the heavy movement of freezing water.

Carefully read the description of the Belogorsk fortress and compare it with the imaginary fortress that Petrusha expected to see. How could the idea of ​​a mighty fortress be formed in the minds of a minor?

Petrusha read little, but even in the fairy tales that he could hear from his mothers and nannies, there were fabulous palaces and impregnable fortresses. They are always drawn in our minds as mighty, built of powerful stones and leaving their walls and towers up. It is worth imagining such a fortress for a moment, and then re-reading the description of the poor and neglected structure, which was the Belogorsk fortress. At the same time, you will immediately feel the strength of the disappointment that should have seized Petrusha.

Describe the first appearance of a new officer at the fortress commandant's. How does the narrator describe this scene? How does this description relate to the second epigraph of the chapter (“Old people, my father”)? Recall that these are words from D. I. Fonvizin's "Undergrowth". Who says this line in comedy?

Let's not forget that the narration in the story is conducted on behalf of Pyotr Grinev, who has matured and recalls his youth. The scene of the appearance of Petrusha at the commandant of the Belogorsk fortress is described with a feeling of sympathy and a slight smile of the elder over the naive undergrowth, who found himself in a new environment. The simplicity and patriarchy of the life of the inhabitants of the fortress evoke affection and help to immediately appreciate the new participants in the events of the story. They are indeed "old people". But such a definition does not detract from their dignity. The patriarchal nature of life, the steadfast adherence to customs only support the atmosphere of sympathy that arises when reading.

There is no irony in the epigraph to the chapter. Recall that these are the words of Mrs. Prostakova from the comedy "Undergrowth" (act three, scene V).

Give portraits of those "old people" whom Grinev recognized in the Belogorsk fortress.

The story about the people that Pyotr Grinev recognized in the Belogorsk fortress can be told in the order in which they appear on the pages of the chapter. The first was an "old invalid" who, sitting on a table, sewed on a patch on the elbow of a green uniform. He immediately said to the newcomer: "Come in, father, our houses."

The “old woman in a padded jacket,” who, together with the “crooked old man in an officer’s uniform,” unwound the threads, was Vasilisa Yegorovna, the wife of the commandant, the main person in this provincial little world.

She tells Grinev about Shvabrin and summons police officer Maksimych, a young and stately Cossack.

Grinev settles into his new surroundings. It becomes obvious to the reader that the relations of people in the Belogorsk fortress are completely determined by the words from The Undergrowth.

Those who wish can prepare a story - a genre sketch of the life of the Belogorsk fortress in Peaceful time.

The story about the peaceful course of life in the Belogorsk fortress may well coincide with the retelling of chapter III "The Fortress". It is worth talking about a very modest fortification, the patriarchal nature of life, and the inextricable connection with official decisions, which are still made in peacetime, about how the military service is going. You can enter into this story, for example, a description of how the hut was chosen for Grinev to live. “Take Pyotr Andreevich to Semyon Kuzov. He, a swindler, let his horse into my garden. Here is the motive for the standing of the newly arrived officer.

Read carefully short description landscape, opening from the window of the hut of Semyon Kuzov, to which Grinev was determined to stay. What role does this description play in the chapter?

The place where Grinev was assigned to live was on the very edge of the fortress, on the high bank of the river. “A sad steppe stretched out before me. Several huts stood obliquely; There were a few chickens roaming the street. The old woman, standing on the porch with a trough, called the pigs, who answered her with friendly grunts. This description prepared the reader for the realization of the state of the young officer: “And this is the direction in which I was condemned to spend my youth!”

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announcement:

The Belogorsk Fortress is the place where the main events of A. S. Pushkin's novel "The Captain's Daughter" unfold. For the protagonist of the work of Pyotr Grinev, this small dot on military map, lost in the middle of the wild steppe, becomes a place where he will not only grow up and valiantly fight the enemy, but also find his love.

composition:

A key place in the novel by Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin "The Captain's Daughter" is occupied by the Belogorsk fortress, the prototype of which was the fortress of Tatishchevo, which heroically fought against the rebels during the years of the Pugachev uprising. The Belogorsk fortress is not only the place where the main events of the novel take place, being in it has a transformative effect on the main character Pyotr Grinev. The formation of Grinev's personality is inextricably linked with the events taking place with him during his stay in the fortress.

From Grinev's childhood, we know that he "lived underage, chasing pigeons and playing leapfrog with yard boys" until the age of sixteen. He did not like to study the sciences and could not, due to the lack of good teachers, the young man was completely unprepared for growing up and life's dangers. The turning point in the evolution of the hero is the beginning of service in the Belogorsk fortress, where he will have to grow up, gain life experience, defend his honor and finally find true love.

Initially, a young, rather ambitious person who dreams of breaking out into adult life, the prospect of being in the steppe wilderness forgotten by God seems extremely sad. In Grinev's imagination, "formidable bastions, towers and ramparts" are drawn, but he will not have to find himself in a powerful stone fortification, but in a small village with narrow and crooked streets. “And in this direction,” where the pigs roaming near the huts respond with “friendly grunts,” he was condemned to spend his youth.

For all its homely rural atmosphere, the Belogorsk fortress is still a military bastion. However, what surrounded Grinev during his service could not, at first glance, contribute to his military training: an aging captain who is at the mercy of his wife; lack of strict military drill and discipline; soldiers who do not know "which side is right, which is left." But it is amazing that in such a place Grinev not only does not lose heart, but, on the contrary, is greatly transformed in a positive direction. It is here that he will have to cultivate real military courage and valor.

Gradually, the image of the fortress as a hopeless place, a harsh wilderness is replaced by Grinev's acceptance and even approval of his stay here. If for Shvabrin the Belogorsk fortress is only a place of exile, where he, in his own words, does not see a single human face, then for Grinev she has already managed to rightfully become a new home. Getting closer to the family of Captain Mironov, who creates a truly homely, bright atmosphere in this harsh wilderness, Grinev meets the captain's daughter Maria and subsequently falls in love with her.

Maria is a simple but very honest girl, she can be considered a symbol of honor in the novel. Having found his love, Grinev acquires for himself the real meaning of honor. Now it is his duty and direct duty to protect Maria, and with her the entire Belogorsk fortress. For Grinev, the fortress is not just an object on the military map, as Orenburg generals see it, it is his whole life, the place where he met his happiness, for which he must fight to the end.

Even more essays on the topic: “The Belogorsk fortress in the life of Pyotr Grinev”:

Peter Grinev - the main thing actor story by A. S. Pushkin "The Captain's Daughter". The reader passes through the entire life path the main character, the formation of his personality, his attitude to the ongoing events, of which he is a participant, is revealed.

The kindness of the mother and the simplicity of the life of the Grinev family developed softness and even sensitivity in Petrusha. He is eager to go to the Semyonovsky regiment, where he was assigned from birth, but his dreams of life in St. Petersburg are not destined to come true - his father decides to send his son to Orenburg.

And here is Grinev in the Belogorsk fortress. Instead of formidable, impregnable bastions, there is a village surrounded by a log fence, with thatched huts. Instead of a strict, angry boss, there is a commandant who went out for training in a cap and a dressing gown; Instead of a brave army, there are elderly invalids. Instead of a deadly weapon - an old cannon clogged with garbage. Life in the Belogorsk fortress reveals to the young man the beauty of the life of simple good people gives rise to the joy of communicating with them. “There was no other society in the fortress; but I didn’t want anything else, ”recalls Grinev, the author of the notes.

Not military service, not reviews and parades attract a young officer, but conversations with dear, ordinary people, literature, love experiences. It is here, in the “God-saved fortress”, in the atmosphere of a patriarchal life, that the best inclinations of Pyotr Grinev grow stronger. The young man fell in love with the daughter of the commandant of the fortress Masha Mironova. Faith in her feelings, sincerity and honesty caused a duel between Grinev and Shvabrin: Shvabrin dared to laugh at the feelings of Masha and Peter. The duel ended unsuccessfully for the main character. During the recovery, Masha looked after Peter and this served to bring the two young people closer. However, their desire to get married was opposed by Grinev's father, who was angry with his son's duel and did not give his blessing for the marriage.

The quiet and measured life of the inhabitants of the distant fortress was interrupted by the Pugachev uprising. Participation in hostilities shook Peter Grinev, made him think about the meaning of human existence. honest, decent, noble man turned out to be the son of a retired major, who was not afraid of the menacing appearance of the leader of the "gang of bandits and rebels", dared to stand up for his beloved girl, who had become an orphan in one day. Hatred and disgust for cruelty and inhumanity, Grinev's humanity and kindness allowed him not only to save his life and the life of Masha Mironova, but also to earn the respect of Emelyan Pugachev - the leader of the uprising, the rebel, the enemy.

Honesty, straightforwardness, loyalty to the oath, a sense of duty - these are the character traits that Peter Grinev acquired while serving in the Belogorsk fortress.

Source: school-essay.ru

The protagonist of the story is Pyotr Grinev. He appears before us as a young man from a poor noble family. His father, Andrei Petrovich Grinev, was a simple military man. Even before his birth, Grinev was enlisted in the regiment. Peter was educated at home. At first he was taught by Savelich - a faithful servant.

Later, a Frenchman was specially hired for him. But instead of gaining knowledge, Peter chased pigeons. According to established tradition, noble children were supposed to serve. So Grinev's father sent him to serve, but not in the elite Semyonovsky regiment, as Peter thought, but in Orenburg, so that his son would experience real life so that a soldier comes out, not a shamaton.

But fate threw Petrusha not just to Orenburg, but to the distant Belogorsk fortress, which was an old village with wooden houses, surrounded by a log fence. The only weapon is an old cannon, and it was full of debris. The entire team of the fortress consisted of disabled people. Such a fortress made a depressing impression on Grinev. Peter was very upset...

But gradually life in the fortress becomes tolerable. Peter becomes close to the family of Captain Mironov, the commandant of the fortress. He is accepted there as a son and taken care of. Soon Peter falls in love with Maria Mironova, the daughter of the commandant of the fortress. His first love was mutual, and everything seemed fine. But then it turns out that Shvabrin, an officer exiled to the fortress for a duel, already wooed Masha, but Maria refused him, and Shvabrin takes revenge, denigrating the girl's name. Grinev stands up for the honor of his beloved girl and challenges Shvabrin to a duel, where he is wounded.

After recovering, Peter asks for the blessing of his parents to marry Mary, but his father, angered by the news of the duel, refuses him, reproaching him for this and saying that Peter is still young and stupid. Masha, passionately loving Peter, does not agree to marriage without the blessing of her parents. Grinev is very upset and upset. Maria tries to avoid him. He no longer visits the commandant's family, life becomes more and more unbearable for him.

But at this time, the Belogorsk fortress is in danger. The Pugachev army approaches the walls of the fortress and quickly captures it. All residents immediately recognize Pugachev as their emperor, except for the commandant Mironov and Ivan Ignatich. They were hanged for disobedience to the "only and true emperor." Grinev's turn came, he was immediately taken to the gallows. Peter walked forward, looked into the face of death boldly and courageously, preparing to die.

But then Savelich threw himself at the feet of Pugachev and stood up for the boyar child. Emelyan ordered Grinev to be brought to him and ordered him to kiss his hand, recognizing his authority. But Peter did not break his word and remained faithful to Empress Catherine II. Pugachev got angry, but remembering the hare sheepskin coat given to him, generously dismissed Grinev.

Soon they met again. Grinev was on his way from Orenburg to save Masha from Shvabrin when the Cossacks caught him and took him to Pugachev's "palace". Upon learning of their love and that Shvabrin was forcing the poor orphan to marry him, Emelyan decided to go to the fortress with Grinev to help the orphan. When Pugachev found out that the orphan was the daughter of the commandant, he got angry, but then he let Masha and Grinev go, keeping his word: “Execute like this, execute like that, favor like that: this is my custom.”

The Belogorsk fortress had a very strong influence on Peter. From an inexperienced young man, Grinev turns into a young man who is able to protect his love, maintain loyalty and honor, who knows how to judge people sensibly.

Source: bibliofond.ru

The story "The Captain's Daughter" is written in the form of memoirs of the main character - Pyotr Grinev. Petrusha's childhood was free and free, he "lived underage, chasing pigeons and playing leapfrog with the yard boys." But upon reaching the age of sixteen, his father decides to send Peter to serve in the army. Petrusha was glad about this, because he hoped to serve in St. Petersburg, in the guards, and was sure that life there would be as easy and carefree as in his own home.

The father rightly judged that Petersburg could only teach a young man to “wind and hang out,” so he sends his son to the general with a letter in which he asks an old friend to assign Peter to serve in a safe place and be stricter with him.

Thus, Pyotr Grinev, upset by the far from pleasing prospects for his future, ends up in the Belogorsk fortress. At first, he expected to see a “deaf fortress” on the border of the Kirghiz-Kaisak steppes: with formidable bastions, towers and ramparts. Captain Mironov, Peter imagined "a strict, angry old man who knows nothing but his service." What was Peter's astonishment when he drove up to the real Belogorsk fortress - "a village surrounded by a log fence"!

Of all the formidable weapons - only an old cast-iron cannon, which serves not so much for the defense of the fortress, but for the games of the children. The commandant turns out to be an affectionate, kind old man of "tall stature", he goes out to conduct exercises dressed at home - "in a cap and in a Chinese dressing gown." No less a surprise for Peter was the appearance of a brave army - the defenders of the fortress: "twenty old invalids with long braids and three-cornered hats, ”of which most could not remember where the right was and where the left was.

Quite a bit of time passed, and Grinev was already glad that fate had brought him to this “God-saved” village. The commandant and his family turned out to be sweet, simple, kind and honest people, to which Peter became attached with all his heart and became a frequent and long-awaited guest in this house.

In the fortress "there were no reviews, no exercises, no guards", and, nevertheless, the young man, not burdened by the service, was promoted to officer. Communication with pleasant and nice people, literature, and especially the love for Masha Mironova played an important role in shaping the character of the young officer. With readiness and determination, Pyotr Grinev stands up to defend his feelings and the good name of Masha before the vile and dishonorable Shvabrin. Shvabrin's dishonest blow at the duel brought Grinev not only a serious wound, but also Masha's attention and care.

The successful recovery of Peter brings the young people together, and Grinev proposes to the girl, confessing his love before that. However, Masha's pride and nobility do not allow her to marry Peter without the consent and blessing of his parents. Unfortunately, Grinev's father believes that this love is only a whim of a young man, and does not give his consent to marriage.

The arrival of Pugachev with his "gang of bandits and rebels" destroyed the life of the inhabitants of the Belogorsk fortress. During this period, they reveal best features and moral qualities of Peter Grinev. Sacredly he fulfills his father's covenant: "Take care of honor from a young age." He boldly refuses to swear allegiance to Pugachev even after the commandant and many other defenders of the Belogorsk fortress were killed before his eyes. With his kindness, honesty, directness and decency, Peter managed to earn the respect and location of Pugachev himself.

It is not for himself that Peter's heart hurts during his participation in hostilities. He worries about the fate of his beloved, who at first remained an orphan, then captured by the defector Shvabrin, Grinev feels that, once confessing his feelings to Masha, he took responsibility for the future of a lonely and defenseless girl.

Thus, we see how important the period he spent in the Belogorsk fortress played in the life of Pyotr Grinev. During this time, the hero managed to grow up and mature, he thought about the meaning and value of human life, and in communicating with various people, all the richness of the moral purity of the hero was revealed.

Source: iessay.ru

Roman A.S. Pushkin's "The Captain's Daughter" tells of a peasant uprising led by Emelyan Pugachev. We can say that all the main events of the work take place in one place - in the Belogorsk fortress, which was located in the Orenburg province. It is this fortress that Pugachev captures, it is there that he establishes his power, it is there that he plans his further actions.

But the Belogorsk fortress played a big role not only in the fate of Pugachev and his troops. It has also become important for Pyotr Grinev, on whose behalf the novel is narrated.

It is in this fortress that the young hero enters, having gone to military service. He counted on a brilliant and easy service in St. Petersburg, but his father ordered differently: “No, let him serve in the army, let him pull the strap, sniff the gunpowder, let him be a soldier, not a shamaton.”

Before leaving, the priest blessed Peter with the words: "... remember the proverb: take care of the dress again, and honor from youth." It was they who helped the hero with honor to pass all the trials that fell to his lot.

In the Belogorsk fortress, Grinev met his love and made himself a blood enemy. Peter fell in love with the daughter of the captain of the fortress - Masha Mironova. modest and quiet girl answered him the same. But this did not please Aleksey Shvabrin, Grinev's friend from the fortress. After all, he also showed signs of attention to Masha, but received a decisive refusal.

The envious and vile Shvabrin began to take revenge on the girl in the lowest ways and did everything so that the marriage of young people did not take place. For a while, he succeeded. Shvabrin wrote a letter to Grinev's father, in which he talked about the wound of his son, which he received in a duel because of Masha. This news made Peter's family very angry, and his father forbade Grinev to marry Masha.

However, love continued to live in the hearts of young people. It intensified even more when a terrible event happened in their lives - the Belogorsk fortress was captured by rebels led by Pugachev. Masha's parents were killed before her eyes, and Peter had to swear allegiance to the impostor: “The line was behind me. I looked boldly at Pugachev, preparing to repeat the answer of my generous comrades.

At the very last moment, the rebel recognized Uncle Grinev and remembered him himself - on the way to the fortress, Peter presented Pugachev with his hare sheepskin coat: “Pugachev gave a sign, and they immediately untied me and left me. “Our father has mercy on you,” they told me.

Fate brought Grinev with the impostor more than once. It was to this hero that Pugachev revealed himself most fully. In him, Peter saw an adventurer, ready to go to the end: “Is there no luck for the daring one? Didn't Grishka Otrepiev reign in the old days? Think about me what you want…”

The impostor invites Peter to break the oath and go over to his side. But Grinev is firm in his decision: “No,” I answered with firmness. “I am a natural nobleman; I swore allegiance to the empress: I can’t serve you.”

Such courage and sincerity inspire respect in Pugachev. Having released Grinev from the fortress, he manifests himself as a man of a broad soul, capable of appreciating a noble deed.

But on this the connection of the hero with the Belogorsk fortress is not broken. He once again returns here, to the lair of the rebels, to save Masha. Peter learns that his beloved is being held captive by the scoundrel Shvabrin. Overcoming many obstacles, Grinev sneaks into the fortress and asks for justice from Pugachev himself: “I went to the Belogorsk fortress to save an orphan who is being offended there.

And Pugachev responds to the request of his old acquaintance: “Pugachev's eyes sparkled. “Which of my people dares hurt an orphan?” Peter manages to rescue Masha from the captivity of Shvabrin and take her away from the Belogorsk fortress. And very soon, Masha will “thank” Grinev for her salvation - she will ask for mercy for her beloved from Catherine II herself.

At the end of the novel, the characters will finally be happy and be together. With full confidence, we can say that it was the Belogorsk fortress that played a huge role in the fate of these heroes. She gave love to Pyotr Grinev, but also brought great trials, great life experience, which the hero shares on the pages of the novel.

Petrusha Grinev's father, a retired military man, hardly guessed himself, sending his son to serve in the Belogorsk fortress, that such unchildish trials would fall to his lot. Little else was known about the popular revolt, about its "senselessness and ruthlessness". But the fact that the son should not "wind and hang out" in St. Petersburg, but "sniff the gunpowder" was self-evident according to his ideas about military service. "Serve faithfully to whom you swear" - that was his mandate.

The small garrison where Pyotr Grinev went to serve stood far from the cultural and political centers of Russia. Life here was boring and monotonous, the commandant of the fortress, captain Mironov, taught the soldiers the tricks of military service, his wife, Vasilisa Yegorovna, delved into everything, managing the fortress as seriously as in her house. Their daughter, Marya Ivanovna Mironova, "a girl of about eighteen, chubby, ruddy, with light blond hair, combed smoothly behind her ears," was the same age as Grinev, and, of course, he immediately fell in love with her. In the house of the commandant, Grinev was accepted as a native, and from the ease of such a service, as well as from falling in love, he even began to compose poetry.

Petrusha shared his literary experiences with Alexei Shvabrin, an officer exiled to the Belogorsk fortress from St. Petersburg for a duel. It soon became clear that Shvabrin was also in love with Masha, but was refused. Offended, he slandered Masha Grineva, in the hope that the comrade would doubt her decency and stop caring for her. But Grinev challenged the slanderer to a duel and was wounded. The commandant's family tenderly nursed the wounded, and Shvabrin harbored even greater anger at Grinev.

Once this completely peaceful life of the inhabitants of the fortress was violated: the siege of the fortress began by rebels led by Pugachev. The forces were clearly unequal, and although Mironov's soldiers stood to death with their only cannon, Pugachev conquered the fortress. This is where the character of the inhabitants of the fortress manifested itself: neither the "coward" Masha, nor Vasilisa Yegorovna agreed to leave Mironov and take refuge in Orenburg. The captain himself, realizing that the garrison was doomed, ordered to shoot back to the end, tried to raise the garrison on the attack, to strike at the enemy. This is a brave act of a middle-aged and quiet man, considering that Pugachev took many fortresses without a fight. Mironov did not recognize the impostor as emperor and accepted death, as befits a Russian officer. Following him, Vasilisa Yegorovna died, calling Pugachev a poor convict before her death.

Masha managed to hide in the house near the priest, the frightened Shvabrin swore allegiance to Pugachev, and Grinev was preparing to accept death as fearlessly as the Mironovs, but suddenly the false emperor recognized him. Grinev also remembered that night when he and Savelich, on their way to serve in the Belogorsk fortress, got into a snowstorm and lost their way. They were then led to the inn by a man who came from nowhere, whom he and Savelich conventionally called the counselor. Then, to the displeasure of the uncle, Grinev presented the counselor with a hare coat from the master's shoulder, because he noticed how lightly he was dressed. Now Pugachev recognized Grinev and, in gratitude for this, let him go.

Shvabrin captured Marya Ivanovna, forcing her to surrender to him. She managed to convey the letter to Grinev, and he rushed to rescue her. Pugachev again showed generosity and released the girl. He did not change his mind and learned that this girl is the daughter of the recalcitrant commandant of the Belogorsk fortress. Seeing off Grinev, he almost confessed that he was an impostor and did not believe in a happy outcome of his undertaking.

Thus ended the seemingly serene life of the inhabitants of the Belogorsk fortress. Habitual move events was changed by its sudden siege. Extreme events revealed the characters of its inhabitants.