The extreme capes of Africa. Extreme geographic points of Africa: northern, southern, western and eastern
They are pretty easy to define. To do this, firstly, you need to name them all, and then, having decided in which part of the continent they are located, name the exact coordinates.
North Africa
This part of the continent is best known both to Europeans and to other civilizations of the Mediterranean region, such as the Phoenicians. Actually, the term Africa itself was coined by the inhabitants of Carthage, one of the Phoenician colonies. This word was used by the Carthaginians indigenous people who lived in the area adjacent to their city.
It is worth starting to determine the extreme points of Africa and their coordinates from the northern point, which is located on Cape Blanco, also known as Ben Secca, which is located on the territory of the Bizerte vilayet in Tunisia. These lands were mastered by the Phoenicians in the 1st century BC. Cape coordinates are indicated as follows: 37°20′49″ s. sh. 9°45′20″ in. d.
West Africa
When completing the task of determining the extreme points of Africa and their coordinates, it is also worth paying attention to the geographical region in which they are located. extreme western point The continent is located on the territory of the Cap-Vere peninsula, also called the Green Cape. However, the coordinates of the point known as Almadi are 14°44′27″ N. sh. 17°31′48″ W d.
It is also interesting that on the territory of the peninsula, the tip of which is Cape Almadi, the capital of the state of Senegal is located - the city of Dakar, whose population reaches two and a half million people.
East Africa
At the opposite end of the continent, seven and a half thousand kilometers away, is the easternmost extreme point of Africa - Cape Ras Hafun, located on the territory of Somalia, which has been covered for many years civil war and practically ceased to exist as a single state.
Determining the extreme points of Africa and their coordinates is also important because it helps to learn about geographical and historical conditions in which a particular territory exists.
- the cradle of civilizations, the highest continent of the Earth (and the hottest). The "Black" continent combines endless, largest diamond deposits and an amazing variety of and. At the same time, it remains one of the least developed and disadvantaged in the world (with the exception of a few states).
Extreme continental points of Africa
Africa is located "under", so it has few island lands in the north. Although the continental margins are fairly easy to define:
- Northern. The northernmost point is located at Cape Blanco, or Ben Secca, in Tunisia. These lands were known long before the beginning modern civilizations. Coordinates: 37 degrees, 20 minutes north latitude and 9 degrees, 45 minutes east longitude.
- South. It is located on Cape Agulhas, or Agulhas, in South Africa. Coordinates: 34 degrees and 49 minutes south latitude and 20 degrees west longitude.
- Western. It is located on the Cap Vert Peninsula at 14 degrees and 44 minutes north latitude, 17 degrees and 31 minutes west longitude.
- Eastern. Cape Ras Hafun, which is in Somalia at the coordinates of 10 degrees and 25 minutes north latitude, 51 degrees and 16 minutes east longitude.
Extreme island points of Africa
There are only two extreme points of Africa, including islands:
- In the east, the boundaries of the continent are defined by the Mascarene Islands, which is 650 km from Madagascar. Their coordinates are: 20 degrees and 42 minutes south latitude, 56 degrees and 37 minutes east longitude. Mauritius and France own the territory.
- In the west, the most extreme island is Cape Verde, which belonged to Portugal until 1975, but then separated into a separate island state. Its coordinates are 16 degrees north latitude and 24 degrees west longitude. In the south, as in the north, the extreme islands are not marked.
Extreme cities of Africa
Most of the settlements located near the extreme geographical points have a small population and few people know:
- In the north of the mainland, 15 km from extreme coordinates is the port city of Bizerte. Its coordinates are: 37 degrees and 16 minutes north latitude, 9 degrees, 52 minutes east longitude. This beautiful city, occupying 34 sq. km, belongs to Tunisia.
- On the southern side of the continent, the extreme settlement is Bredasdorp, located on the territory of South Africa. It is home to about 16,000 people. Coordinates: 34 degrees and 31 minutes south latitude, 20 degrees and 2 minutes east longitude.
- In the west, near the extreme point, is the Senegalese Dakar, which is also the capital of the country. Its coordinates are 14 degrees and 43 minutes north latitude, 17 degrees and 27 minutes west longitude.
- Farthest to the east is the village of Khafun (Somalia), which is mainly inhabited by fishermen - no more than 2,500 people. Its coordinates are 10 degrees and 25 minutes north latitude, 51 degrees and 16 minutes east longitude.
This we know... 1.Africa intersects in the middle.... 2. Zero meridian crosses Africa from .... 3.Africa is washed by the oceans, by their number ...., this is .... 4. From the north, the mainland is washed by ... 5. The eastern extreme point of the mainland is considered ... 6. The mainland is farthest from Africa ... 7. The Gulf of Guinea is located from ... 8. The most big Island off the coast of Africa...
Relief - a set of irregularities of the earth's surface, differing in size, origin and age
Atlas Mountains Atlas, the Atlas Mountains is a large mountain system in northwestern Africa, stretching from the Atlantic coast of Morocco through Algeria to the coast of Tunisia. The length of the ridges is km. The highest point is Mount Toubkal (4167 m), located in the southwest of Morocco.
The Cape Mountains are mountains in South Africa, in the extreme south of Africa, stretching from the Olifants River to the city of Port Elizabeth. The mountain system consists of several parallel ranges, among which are the Cedar Mountains, the Langeberg, Swartberg, Piketberg, Kodelberg, etc. ridges. The highest point is the mountain Sevenwikspurtpeak (2325 m).
Kilimanjaro Kilimanjaro has had no documented eruptions, but local legends speak of volcanic activity years ago. The name comes from the Swahili language and supposedly means "mountain that sparkles". a mountain range in northeastern Tanzania, the highest point in Africa above sea level (5893 m, officially 5895 m).
1. Plains, the absolute height of which is from 200 to 500 meters, are called: A) lowlands B) hills C) plateaus 2. The relief of Africa is dominated by: A) plains B) mountains C) lowlands 3. Mountains, the absolute height of which is from 2000 to 5000 are called: A) medium B) the highest C) high 4. In size, Africa is second only to: A) Eurasia B) North America C) Antarctica 5. The most high point Africa: A) Kilimanjaro volcano B) Mount Takhar C) Mount Toubkal 6. The reasons for the formation of high plateaus on the African continent: A) Earthquakes B) Rise internal forces separate sections of the platform C) Volcanic eruptions 7. At the base of most of the mainland is: A) Platform B) Folded areas C) lithospheric plate. 8. Minerals of sedimentary origin (coal, oil, gas) are mainly located: A. In the northern part of the mainland. B. In the southern part of the mainland C. In the western part of the mainland. 9. Restore the chains of cause-and-effect relationships: A. Plain. B. Platform. B. Folded areas. D. Sedimentary minerals. D. Mountains. E. Igneous minerals.
This is perhaps the most mysterious of the great contrasts that the science of geography studies with interest. Africa is the planet and the highest. Many tribes and nationalities live on its territory, each of which speaks its own language.
This article will focus specifically on Africa, its nature and population.
Africa: coordinates of extreme points
It is the second largest continent on our planet. It covers an area of 30 million square kilometers. Africa is connected to Eurasia by the narrow Isthmus of Suez.
8 thousand kilometers - it is at this distance that the mainland of Africa stretches from north to south. The coordinates of the extreme points of the continent are as follows:
- North - Cape Ras-Engela (37.21 degrees north latitude).
- South - Cape Agulhas (34.51 degrees south latitude).
7.5 thousand kilometers - the distance between the western and eastern outskirts of a continent such as Africa. The coordinates of the extreme points of the continent are as follows:
- Western - Cape Almadi (17.33 degrees west longitude).
- Eastern - Cape Ras Gafun (51.16 degrees east longitude).
The length of the coastline of the mainland is 26 thousand kilometers. This is very small for a continent of this size. The reason is that the coastline of Africa is very poorly indented.
It should also be noted that the extreme points of Africa have other names. So, Cape Agulhas is sometimes called Cape Agulhas. And Cape Ras Engela is sometimes called Cape Blanco. Therefore, in scientific literature You can also find these toponyms.
Unique. The fact is that the equator crosses this mainland almost in the middle. This fact leads to two important consequences:
- First, the continent receives a large amount of solar radiation, as it is located between two tropics.
- Secondly, in terms of natural features South Africa symmetrically (mirror) similar to North Africa.
Geography: Africa - the highest continent of the planet
Africa is often referred to as the high continent because it is dominated by high landforms. These geomorphologists include plateaus, highlands and plateaus, as well as remnant mountains. Interestingly, these landforms seem to border the mainland, while the plains are located in its central part. In other words, Africa can be imagined as a not very deep saucer.
The highest point on the continent is Mount Kilimanjaro (5895 meters). It is located in Tanzania, and many tourists have an irresistible desire to conquer this peak. But the lowest point is located in the small country of Djibouti. This is Lake Assal with an absolute height of 157 meters (but with a minus sign).
Mineral resources of Africa
In Africa, deposits of almost all known to man mineral resources. South Africa is especially rich in various minerals (these are diamonds, coal, nickel and copper ores). As a rule, foreign companies are engaged in the development of deposits.
The bowels of Africa are rich in iron ores. Many smelters in Europe and North America operate on ore mined here.
Known for its numerous oil and natural gas deposits. The countries in which they are located are very lucky - they live quite well. First of all, we note Tunisia and Algeria.
Climate and inland waters
The most flowing through Africa long river in the world - the Nile. Other major mainland rivers are the Congo, Niger, Zambezi, Limpopo and Orange. Deep lakes formed in tectonic faults - Nyasa, Tanganyika and others. In a state called Chad is the largest salt lake of the continent with the same name.
Africa, as mentioned above, is the hottest continent on planet Earth. Due to its location, the surface of the continent receives a lot of solar energy and is very hot.
IN Central Africa, as well as on the coast of the Gulf of Guinea, a large amount of precipitation falls. In the territories to the south and north, climatic seasons are already clearly visible - dry winter and rainy season in summer. Farther north and south, there is very little precipitation, which leads to the formation of deserts. Africa is home to the largest desert on the planet, the Sahara.
The population of the "black" continent
Africa is indeed dominated by the black population. Moreover, the conditional border that separates the Negroid and the Sahara desert is.
Almost one billion people live in Africa today. At the same time, the population of the continent is growing at a rapid pace. According to scientists, by 2050, about 2 billion people will live here.
If you carefully consider political map Africa, you can see one interesting detail. The fact is that the borders between many states are drawn in straight lines. This is a kind of legacy of the colonial past of Africa. Such careless drawing of borders (without taking into account the ethnic characteristics of the regions) today leads to many conflicts between tribes and nationalities.
The average population density in Africa is 30 people per square kilometer. The level of urbanization here is also low and amounts to only 30%. However, there are enough large million-plus cities. The largest of them are Cairo and Lagos.
Africa speaks a thousand languages! Indigenous (purely African) are Swahili, Fula and Congo. In many countries of the continent, the following languages have official status: English, Portuguese and French. If we talk about the religious preferences of the African population, then most of the inhabitants of the mainland profess Islam and Catholicism. Many Protestant churches are also widespread here.
Finally...
Africa is the hottest continent on the planet. The reason for this is in particular geographical location continent.
Africa is as follows: the mainland is located between 37 degrees north latitude and 34 degrees south latitude. Thus, the equator divides Africa almost in half, due to which its surface receives a huge amount of solar radiation.
Now you know the main natural features mainland Africa, coordinates of the extreme points of its territory.
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1. Determine the coordinates of the extreme points of Eurasia: - Cape Chelyuskin - Cape Piai - Cape Roca - Cape Dezhnev 2. Using the map,find out:
a) what strait separates the island of Great Britain from the coast of Europe
b) which strait separates the Sakhalin and Japanese islands
c) what seas wash the northern shores of Eurasia
d) what strait separates Eurasia from Africa
e) what strait separates Eurasia from North America
1. Determine the position of North America relative to the equator, the prime meridian. meridian 180 degrees, tropics, polar circles, washing itoceans and other continents.
2. Determine the coordinates of the extreme points of the mainland: northern - Cape Murchison, southern - Cape Maryato, western - Cape Prince of Wales and eastern - Cape St. Charles. Calculate the length of North America from north to south and from west to east in degrees and kilometers.
3. Give a description of the coastline of the mainland, name largest seas, bays, straits, islands and peninsulas. Compare the coastline of North America with that of Africa and Eurasia.
Australia, North America, Eurasia, Antarctica, Africa. C) Europe, Asia, South America, Australia, Antarctica. 2. First circumnavigation made: A) F. Magellan, B) Przhevalsky F.F.
3. The coasts of Africa are washed by the seas: A) the Arctic Ocean B) the Arctic, Atlantic, Pacific, Indian Oceans C) Atlantic, Indian, Southern 4. The highest mountain system South America are: A) Andes, B) Himalayas, Pamir, Tibet C) Rocky Mountains, Coast Range 5. The largest rivers in Africa: A) Missouri, Mackenzie, Yukon. B) Nile, Congo, Niger. C) Volga, Amur, Syr Darya. 6. States of South America: A) Brazil, Argentina, Chile B). USA, Canada, Mexico. C) China, Russia, Kazakhstan. 7. Mountains of North America: A) Andes B) Appalachians
8. extreme points Africa: A) Almadi, Ben-Seka, Igolny, Ras-Hafun B) York, Southeast, Southwest, Byron C) Roca, Chelyuskin, Piay, Dezhnev 9. Which ocean is the warmest in temperature surface water? 1) Indian 2) Pacific 3) Atlantic 4) Arctic. 10. Which statement about the USA is not true? A) Appalachian mountains are located in the east of the country. b) The capital of the United States is the city of Washington. C) The westernmost point of North America is located on the territory of the United States - Cape Prince of Wales. D) The United States is the third largest country in the world. 11. Which statement is wrong? a) China is the most populated country in the world. B) The coastal part of China is characterized by a monsoonal climate. C) The Yangtze River, which flows through China, is the longest river in Eurasia. D) Most large territories in China takes natural area steppes and forest-steppes. 12. Which of the following cities is the capital of Australia? A) Melbourne B) Sydney
II. In tasks 13 - 15, match the country and its capital. 13. Country
1. Poland
2. Estonia
3. Switzerland
14. Country
1. Georgia
2. Saudi Arabia
3. Mongolia
15. Country
1. Canada
2. Brazil
3. Argentina
III. In tasks 16 - 17, identify the state by its brief description
16. The state is located in Western Europe. The capital is located on one of the major rivers. The state language is spread throughout the world due to the colonial past of this state. The symbol of the capital of the state is the tower built for the World Trade Exhibition.
17. The state is located on the African continent and occupies a coastal position. The territory of the state is washed by the seas that are part of two oceans. The seas are connected by a shipping channel.
