Mabu (Tibetan) - musical instrument - history, photo, video. Buddhist musical instruments - what do the monks play? Listen to Tibetan singing bowls
It has a bamboo stem with a single scoring tongue. There are 8 playing holes made in the flute barrel, 7 upper ones, one lower one. At the end of the trunk is a small horn socket.
It is also sometimes made from other types of wood. The resonator bell is also wooden.
In addition, the number of playing holes in rare cases can vary from 7 to 9. Accordingly, the range of the instrument also changes somewhat.
sound loud, bright and pleasant. Mabu is related in sound formation. The instrument is well suited for festivals.
Interesting fact: Mabu, along with other traditional oriental instruments, sounds in the game Swords of Destiny for the PlayStation 2 platform.
There is another woodwind instrument with the name, whose homeland is Solomon islands.
Video: Mabu on video + sound
Thanks to these videos, you can get acquainted with the tool, see real game on it, listen to its sound, feel the specifics of the technique:
There is no video for this tool yet. :(
If you have one - write! :)
Sale of tools: where to buy/order?
The encyclopedia does not yet contain information on where to buy or order this instrument. You can change it!
Dongchen - big pipe
It was invented by Tibetan masters. When Venerable Zhovo Atisha was invited to Tibet, in order to pay respect to the greatest Pandita, the illustrious prince Janchup Od arranged musical performance, offering the sounds of a large trumpet. Now in our time this tradition has not disappeared and the same ceremony is held at the receptions of highly educated Masters. When Cham is danced during major festivals, a large trumpet is also used.
The size of the large pipe varies from 7 to 3 cubits in length. The narrow opening of the mouthpiece gradually widens towards the bell. It consists of three parts that fit neatly into each other. Copper and brass are used as materials for manufacturing. Therefore, its other name is Rakdun, literally translated from Tibetan rak - brass, dong - pipe. The sounds produced are divided into: loud - masculine and quiet - feminine.
Dongak
Dongak, this piece of monastic clothing was not used in India, but only in Tibet. Due to the high altitude, cold climate, Dongak served as a kind of sleeveless shirt. It looks like a skin from the head of an elephant, an elephant is considered a strong animal, so a monk who puts on this clothes creates a prerequisite for gaining power in the future to discard negative karma and increase virtue like the power of an elephant. The shoulder pads that replaced the sleeves are reminiscent of elephant ears. At the time of Landarma, when the Teaching was brought into decline. Four monks were needed to conduct the ceremony of initiation into monks (Bhikshus). But only three were found in Tibet. And they were forced to invite a fourth from China. And therefore, as a sign of respect, the shoulder pads are sheathed along the contour with blue braid, for the same reason, the monastic clothes of Namdzhyar and Lagoi are sheathed with blue threads. Also, there used to be a tradition to make a loop at the lower end of the braid, where the monks put their thumbs in order not to carelessly wave their arms while walking.
Shamtap
Shamtap, this is the lower monastic robe. It is worn only by novices - Shramaneras and monks - Bhikshus. As Buddha Gautama preached: "wear shamtap with meaning and order"! All the details of this attire have a hidden meaning, it consists of connected rectangular pieces of fabric, each of which symbolizes a certain obligation from a vow given by a monk. For example, Shramaners have 36 obligations, and Bhikshus 253, as indicated by the number of rectangles on the shamtapa. It can not be removed even during sleep.
Zen.
Everyday cloak made of red material, two cubits wide, five to ten cubits long, according to the height of the monk.
When the Buddha renounced life in the world in front of the stupa, he took off his worldly clothes and put on the monastic one, which the celestials offered him. And after that, his followers-disciples dressed in exactly the same clothes. Firstly, in order to distinguish between monks and laity, and secondly, these clothes do not contradict the vows of Bhikkhus. Thirdly, so that the monks would wear these clothes and not think about beauty.
Once, in the old days, King Bimbisara met with a non-Christian Brahmin and, mistakenly thinking that he was a Buddhist monk, bowed to him. And so after that, the Buddha, in order to distinguish between tirthiks and Buddhist monks-Bhikshus, introduced such clothes as "Namjyar" and "Lagoy", from square patches. They are now rarely dressed in northern Buddhism. Everyday life. They are used during the purification ritual-Sojong. And also while preaching or listening to the Teaching. "Lagoi" and "Namjjar" are the same size but differ in color, one is orange and the other is yellow. The first is intended for all those who have taken monastic vows, the second only for monks who have taken the full ordination of a Bhikkhu.
Source - a book of monks from the monastery DREPUNG GOMAN SAMLO KANTSEN
Shows: what is the lunar day today; what is good to do and what is not; What holidays are today, etc.
Newsletter "News of Buddhism in St. Petersburg"
sp-force-hide ( display: none;).sp-form ( display: block; background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); padding: 5px; width: 200px; max-width: 100%; border- radius: 9px; -moz-border-radius: 9px; -webkit-border-radius: 9px; font-family: Arial, "Helvetica Neue", sans-serif; background-repeat: no-repeat; background-position: center ;background-size: auto;).sp-form input ( display: inline-block; opacity: 1; visibility: visible;).sp-form .sp-form-fields-wrapper ( margin: 0 auto; width: 190px ;).sp-form .sp-form-control ( background: #ffffff; border-color: #cccccc; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; font-size: 15px; padding-left: 8.75px; padding-right: 8.75px; border-radius: 4px; -moz-border-radius: 4px; -webkit-border-radius: 4px; height: 35px; width: 100%;).sp-form .sp-field label ( color: #444444; font-size: 13px; font-style: normal; font-weight: bold;).sp-form .sp-button ( border-radius: 4px; -moz-border-radius: 4px; - webkit-border-radius: 4px; background-color: #0089bf; color: #ffffff; width: auto; font-weight: 700 font-style: normal font-family: Arial, sans-serif;).sp-form .sp-button-container ( text-align: left;)
To receive the latest news and teaching texts to your email.
Hello, dear readers seekers of knowledge and truth!
Music plays an important role in Buddhism. It helps to create the right mood, announce the beginning of the ritual, and maintain a meditative atmosphere in the temple.
Today's article will immerse you in the atmosphere of spirituality and music of Buddhist monasteries, because its topic is Buddhist musical instruments. You will get acquainted with their unusual names, find out where they come from, what is interesting about them, how they are played and in what rituals they are used.
Buddhist music
sound Buddhist instruments can be heard during practices, ceremonies, rituals, Buddhist holidays And mysteries Tsam. The peculiarity of this music is that about fifty instruments can accompany here at the same time. In the general flow, the sounds of wind and percussion are especially guessed.
Most of them have Indian, Chinese and Tibetan roots. Many of those that come from Tibet were previously made from human bones, skulls - this is how the ancient Tibetan religion of Bon makes itself felt.
Then it was believed that the skull contains magic. The dead in Tibet are not buried, but left in the mountains, making a kind of offering to the birds so that the flesh does not go to waste, so the skull was easy to find. Now the instruments have become Buddhist and are made from alternative, more “humane” materials.
Until now, there are very strange instruments. So, for example, in the wallsChinese templeyou can hear the sound of a wooden stick hitting a wooden fish. Thus, the monks are gathered for the meal.
Main Tools
Dongchen
It's a huge tube that looks like a telescope. Its dimensions are really impressive: from 2-3 to 5 meters in length. It consists of three parts: one is threaded into the other. Dongchen is made of metal, mostly brass or copper.
When playing, two types of sounds are obtained: loud - masculine, similar to the cry of elephants, and soft - feminine. If you listen closely, you can catch infrasound, which seems to connect the mundane and heavenly, light and dark. This effect is especially well achieved when the pipe is directed towards the mountain ranges and an echo is created.
Dongchen was invented in Tibet and used when meeting famous figure Atisha. Today, it is played in some monasteries at dawn and dusk before meditation practices, at the meeting of venerable lamas, before ceremonies, and also in the mysteries of Tsam. Often, two pipes are used at once for better sound.
Zurna
This instrument is better known as "gyaling". It belongs to the category of wind reeds. It looks like a trumpet, flute or oboe. It is made of durable wood, in which eight holes are then cut: seven at the top and one at the bottom.
Only true virtuosos can play the gyaling, because when playing, you need to make long sounds without taking in air. Coming from Iran, he was especially fond of in India, and then in Tibet. Today it is used during Buddhist holidays, processions, ceremonial celebrations.
In other words, a drum. It is flat, manual, double-sided. Sounds are extracted from it with a special curved stick made of wood, at the end of which a vajra is often drawn. The drum itself can be decorated with an image of a lotus, attributes and symbols of Buddhism, as well as a silk ribbon tied to it.
Nga is used in various processions and ceremonies. It is also hung on the roof of the monastery to gather the monks for meditation.
Dunkar
The basis for this musical instrument is the sea shell. Actually, the name is translated from Tibetan as “white shell”.
Its sound is similar to the sound made by a horn, but it is more melodic, vibrating. This property helps to use it in rituals, at the beginning of the practice of meditation, promotes relaxation and cleansing of the room.
India is considered the birthplace of the Dunkar. Modern options made from a familiar shell with silver elements applied to it, including a tip for blowing air. Outside, it is decorated with jewelry and images with Buddhist motifs.
Kangling
It also belongs to the category of wind. Its main feature is that it was made from human tibia, but now it has been replaced by a metal like copper or an alloy containing nickel.
Initially, the tibia began to be used as a musical instrument, because it has two holes called "horse nostrils". Sounds blown through them miraculously similar to the neighing of a horse. According to legend, with the help of such an instrument, Buddhists can fly away to the paradise of Sukhavati.
Kangdung
This instrument becomes a longer version of the kangling with elements of the dunchen. This copper pipe studded with gilding and wood carvings.
Kangdung can be called a cult instrument that helps in music to express respect for various deities, buddhas. It is often played at the very beginning of monastic rites.
Damaru
Damaru is a small drum played by hand. It has the shape of an hourglass. Damaru is hollow inside, its body is made of wood, and the top and bottom are covered with leather.
Previously, the damaru body was made from the upper parts of the skulls of a man and a woman - this was a reflection of the unity of the feminine and masculine principles, the personification of wisdom and mercy.
To the narrowest point, to the so-called waist, ropes with leather balls are tied. Damara is shaken, and the balls hit the leather top and bottom - the sound of a drum roll is obtained.
Now damaru are the most different sizes and forms, and the diversity of design is not worth talking about. Drums can be decorated with precious stones, silver, gilding, images of Buddhism symbols.
Dilba
This small tool in the form of a bell with a handle that resembles a vajra in shape. Now it is common in China, although it came there from Indian lands.
There are two options for playing dilba:
- ordinary - the hand bell is shaken from side to side, the tongue hits the metal, causing a ringing sound;
- by means of a special beater - a device made of wood, a dilba is circled around the bottom, as a result, vibrations appear that resonate with the surrounding space and cause a melody according to the principle of singing bowls.
Dilbu is considered the personification of the emptiness of all things and wisdom. feminine. The most frequent decoration of the instrument is the engraving of the main Buddhist mantra: "Om mani padme hum."
Here, perhaps, are all the main musical instruments that are used in Buddhist practices. Perhaps you know some more - then share your knowledge in the comments, it will be interesting to us and blog readers!
Conclusion
And subscribe to our blog to receive the latest articles about Buddhism and Eastern culture to your mail!
Musical instruments
There are several musical instruments used in ritual ceremonies in Tibetan Buddhism. Among them: Ra-dang or Dang Chen, Nga, Nga Chen, Gyaling, Kangdung, Sil-Nyan.
A trumpet, a prototype of the western flute, made of very hard wood such as teak or rosewood with eight playing holes. It is usually adorned with seven metal rings. precious stones. The trumpet is blown so that the sound is not interrupted. During religious ceremonies, the monks have to do this for half an hour non-stop.
There are 2 types of Nga drums. The first (hand drum), it is used during ritual processions. The drum is long, decorated with 1 thread wooden handle, at the end of which is a vajra. Sometimes a silk scarf is tied on the handle as a symbol of reverence for the divine musical instrument.
Its diameter is over three feet. The drum hangs inside a wooden frame. An image of a lotus is also used as decoration. The drum stick has a curved shape, at the end it is covered with fabric for greater softness when struck.
Kangdung. This trumpet is used to express reverence and admiration for peaceful deities. It is made of copper, decorated with wood carvings and gilding. At the beginning of each section of a large collective ritual, all musical instruments are played loudly in the monastery.
Release year: 1999
Country Russia
Translation: Not required
Directed by: Golden Age
Quality: VHSRip
Format: AVI
Duration: 01:00:00
Size: 705 Mb
Description: The film tells about spiritual experience in line with the Buddhist tradition, about the highest possibility of the human spirit, about insight, about sacred knowledge, meditation and Buddhist symbols. For any audience.
Download from turbobit.net
(705 MB)
Download from depositfiles.com
(705 MB)
Recently, I happened to hear the sound of outlandish musical instruments, the sound of which the body hears not with the ears, but with every cell of its body.
Singing bowls emit healing vibrations of sounds that coincide with the vibrations of body cells and restore energy, healing both body and soul.
Healers call the therapeutic effect of sounds vibration massage, which has at least healing properties, in comparison with other species.
How these ancient tools were used before is unknown. Since there are no written descriptions. But the history of art has preserved ancient images in paintings and sculptural sculptures, where these tools appear. And the instruments themselves are found in private collections dating back to the 5th-6th centuries. Scientists suggest that they could have appeared even earlier, like the bronze bells that were produced as early as the 9th century BC. e.
What are singing bowls
There are other names for these musical instruments: Himalayan or Tibetan bowls, and in Japan they are considered a type of bell. But they differ from the bell in that they are not suspended and not mounted on a stand. The origin of sound in them comes from a light blow with a mallet, which creates vibrations of the walls of the bowl itself.
This instrument has been used since antiquity in Asian religious culture. Now, in addition to being used in religious traditions, the instrument has found application in media practices, relaxation and meditation, and is widely used in yoga.
Instruments are made in India and Nepal, Tibet, Japan and Korea, while the main production is concentrated in the Himalayas, hence the name Tibetan singing bowls. The unique sound of these instruments captivates the soul and heals the body.
What are musical instruments made of?
According to ancient traditions, the composition of the alloy includes 7 metals, but depending on the country of origin, this composition may vary slightly. Tibetan-made bowls contain:
- up to 0.0001% gold (Sun)
- and 0.002% silver (Moon);
- up to 0.3% iron (Mars)
- and 71.3% copper (Venus);
- up to 28.6% tin (Jupiter)
- and 0.001% lead (Saturn),
- up to 0.01% mercury (Mercury).
Lead and mercury are present in very small amounts, so they do not cause harm to health, if the color of the bowl has a gray tint, then they contain more iron. There is a belief that meteorite metal was used in the alloys of ancient bowls.
An alloy of different metals that differ in their physical properties, allows you to create a complex picture of the sound of harmonic overtones (overtones). With the harmonic sounding of the overtones of Tibetan singing bowls, a scale of sounds is created, consisting of 10-16 overtones.
modern bowls
Interest in these instruments is growing, tourists buy bowls as souvenirs, so manufacturers began to paint them with spiritual motifs, religious symbols with the image of Buddha, and Buddhist mantras.
The composition of the metal alloy has also changed, more often they are made of bronze, without the inclusion of precious metals. If you happen to make a purchase, look for handmade bowls that sound close to the ancient ones. Better bowls are made in Japan and Korea, but not for export.
Tibetan machine-made singing bowls suffer from poor sounding, with only two harmonic overtones, which is frustrating for today's musicians.
Instruments are produced in different diameters; both large (up to 2 meters) and small bowls (up to 10 cm) are used in religious ceremonies. The smaller the bowl, the higher its sound. The most beautiful sound is extracted from medium-sized instruments, with a diameter of about 20 cm. It is more difficult to extract vibration from small bowls and their sound is weak.
Listen to Tibetan singing bowls
How are sounds extracted? To extract sounds, wooden or plastic beaters, sticks, and pestles are used. The musician extracts sounds by light blows on the wall of the bowl or by leisurely driving along the edges of the bowl with a plastic or wooden pestle.
The depth of sound depends not only on the alloys from which the bowl is made, but also on the accessories used (sticks, beaters, pestles). They have different origins:
- some are made of metal and the sound from them is sonorous, clear and sharp;
- others made of hardwood or plastic, with a softer sound;
- some sticks are wrapped in soft materials (suede or felt), especially for muffled sounds that have a soothing effect.
Tools are selected according to the size of the bowl, so what they are made of and their hardness are taken into account. Heavy sticks are used for large bowls, and light sticks are used for small ones.
Filling the bowl with water allows you to diversify the sound, moreover, healing music It turns out different tonality depending on how much water is poured into it. A full bowl makes muffled sounds.
Interesting… Scientific research with high-speed shooting recorded the formation on the surface of the water (during the sound of the bowls), concentric waves caused by the vibrations of the walls of the vessels. And if the amplitude of the sounds increases, then a storm of waves is formed, which tear against the walls of the vessel and scatter in numerous sprays. The movement of water particles over the entire surface of the bowl is noted.
Healing music, born from the friction of the stick and the walls of the vessel, is surrounded by a harmonious range of overtones (overtones). Listen for yourself by clicking on the link: listen
The beauty and strength of the sound and its surroundings with subsounds depend on the quality of the bowl (its composition). By pressing the stick on the edge of the bowl, you can change the tone of the sound.
With a slight blow with a stick wrapped in a layer of suede on the walls of the bowl, a completely different sound is born, a bit reminiscent of the ringing of a bell: listen
The sounds of the bowls are very peculiar, the vibrating series of subsounds creates vibrations consonant with the vibrations of the cells of the body, so it seems that they penetrate into the soul.
In the past, they were used not only for treatment, but also to change the consciousness of a person. In Buddhist temples, bowls were used during prayers. Now they have gained popularity in the new direction of new age music, rock, neoclassical, ethnic music.
Treatment with singing bowls or human impact
Despite the softness and delicacy of sound, these instruments have a strong influence on the vibrations of every cell of the human body, which was noticed in ancient times. And Buddhists used this type of treatment in their rituals.
Watch the video on how the sounds are extracted from the bowls:
Research confirms that vibration sounds contribute to:
- liberation of a person from neurosis and stress,
- relieve tension in the muscles and body,
- eliminate energy blocks and complexes,
- restore disturbed harmony at the cellular level,
- balance the thought process
- improve concentration,
- align breathing,
- normalize blood pressure
- strengthen the immune system.
The sound leads to the synchronous work of both hemispheres of the brain, which increases Creative skills person. It helps to completely relax both emotionally and physically, which leads to getting rid of insomnia.
Energy massage with singing bowls
This is an unusual type of massage that takes place at the level of sound vibrations. It turns out that sound waves have a strong massage effect that affects the cellular level.
To enhance the impact, the bowls are placed directly on the body of a lying person. When they are placed around, their sound relieves tension, helps to relax and restore the energy forces of the body.
Healing bowls are arranged in a certain sequence: medium-sized instruments and small diameters that make sonorous and high sounds are placed closer to the head, and large bowls, splashing out deep sounds, are placed at the feet.
Experts say that when the singing bowl is moved over the human body, it changes its sound where there are any problems inside the body, as evidenced by the stagnation of energy.
It is recommended to hold the bowl a little longer, in this place, lightly hitting it with a stick, absorbing the vibrations of sounds, the human energy returns to normal. When the sound of the bowl takes on its original tone, this is a sign that the stagnation has been eliminated.
