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Presentation for the literature lesson "The Night Before Christmas" N. Gogol

N.V. Gogol “The Night Before Christmas” The history of the creation of “Evenings..”

N.V. Gogol began working on this cycle of stories in 1829, in 1931 the first book “Evenings...” was published, and a year later the second. It is known that the prose writer used to create his first book not only Ukrainian historical legends and folklore, which his family and friends helped him collect, but also other sources, such as the manuscript “History of the Russians” and translated stories of German romantics. “Evenings on a Farm near Dikanka” was met with positive reviews from critics. They noted the genuine cheerfulness, simplicity and truthfulness, the brightness of the national color and the fascination of folk tradition in the stories of N.V. Gogol.

“They amazed me. This is real gaiety, sincere, unconstrained, without affectation, without stiffness... All this is so unusual in our current literature that I still haven’t come to my senses.”
(A.S. Pushkin)

Pushkin's assessment was supported by another great literary authority - Belinsky. The founder of Russian classical criticism welcomed the emergence of a new talent and precisely defined the peculiar features of “Evenings...” What are these features? This is, first of all, an artistic synthesis of the sublime and the comic, an optimistic pathos that allowed Gogol to prophetically determine the great future of Russia, and an all-encompassing reproduction of the “funny” in Russian life in almost all its variants.

Evenings on a Farm Near Dikanka The first book (1831) 1. Sorochinskaya fair 2. The evening before Ivan Kupala 3. May night, or the drowned woman 4. The missing letter The second book (1832) 1. The night before Christmas 2. Terrible revenge 3. Ivan Fedorovich Shponka and his aunt 4. Enchanted place

"Christmas Eve"

On the title page it was printed: “Stories published by the pasichnik Rudy Panko.” -What kind of person is this? -Why does Gogol publish stories under an assumed name? -Which writer used the same technique?

Nativity

“Holy night reigns over the world, the daily noise of worries has died down.” An exciting and joyful gospel is sweeping over Russia. In all churches they sing: “Thy Nativity, O Christ God, rise up and bring peace to the light of reason...” On January 7, the Russian Orthodox Church celebrates Christmas.

Why do Christians reverence the holiday of Christmas so much?

That night a new star lit up in the sky, announcing to the world the coming of the Savior of the human race - Jesus Christ. In Rus', on the eve of Christmas, houses were decorated with Christmas trees - a symbol of eternal, renewing life. A star made of paper or wood was hung on top. She depicted the gospel star, which showed the wise men the way to the birth of Jesus.

Yuletide festivities

Parishioners invited friends and relatives to the Christmas festivities. Both old and young glorified the birth of Christ on the streets and crossroads. Children went from house to house with a painted paper Christmas star and a nativity scene - a box in the shape of the cave where Jesus was born. This custom appeared in the 16th – 17th centuries. in Little Russia.

On Christmas night, according to popular belief, all sorts of miracles happen. It is believed that on this night the heavens “open” and all earthly waters and springs are endowed with magical healing powers. The wish you make this night will definitely come true. There is a custom to look at the sky at midnight on Christmas Day: heavenly heights of unimaginable beauty are revealed to the eyes of people living a righteous life. On Christmas Eve in Rus', the custom of caroling was observed. Guys and girls got together and went from house to house, singing carols and begging the owners for treats and money. The night before the holiday is a favorable time for the devil to act. This is a time of special freedom of behavior. The holiday and the beliefs associated with it take life out of its usual rut and make the impossible possible.

"The last day before Christmas has passed..."

-What role does the landscape play in the development of the story? -What fantastic features does the landscape have? -Why did the devil steal the month? -Why is the devil so angry with the blacksmith?

Work with text

Chapter 1 (read to the end) - How can you title this chapter? -Why are some footnotes made by Gogol himself, and some by the compilers of the anthology?

Chapter 2 -Title it. -What qualities of Chub’s character are manifested in this episode?

The first two chapters of the story

The first two chapters serve as the beginning of the story. Gogol's work is characterized by folklore motifs, a combination of fantasy, fabulousness and reality, and humor. Evil forces are depicted not as scary, but as funny, funny.

Pictures of folk life in the story.

Tasks: 1. Retell chapter 3 2. Give a description of Oksana. -Why “like a beauty”, because she was a beauty? -What heroine of Pushkin’s fairy tale does Oksana, admiring herself in the mirror, resemble? 3.Read the chapter by role.

- Why is Solokha considered a witch? -Why did Solokha quarrel between her son Vakula and the Cossack Chub?

“The damned blacksmith gave me a painful beating!” Assignment: Read this chapter by role.

Humor

Gogol makes us laugh. -How he does it? -What is humor? HUMOR is the depiction of heroes in a funny way. HUMOR – cheerful, friendly laughter. - How is a humorous effect achieved? -What role did the landscape play in these events?

“Get, blacksmith, the Tsarina’s shoes, I’ll marry you.”

- How is the extraordinary poetry and beauty of describing a landscape achieved? - How is Oksana behaving?

Windy Solokha

Read the chapter on roles. -What is the humor of this episode?

“Why are these bags lying here?”

What's special about this episode?

Adventures of a blacksmith in search of slippers.

-What did the blacksmith Vakula plan? -Why did Vakula go to Pot-bellied Patsyuk? -What do we learn from the author about Patsyuk? -What technique is used to depict this character? -What miracles did Vakula see at Patsyuk’s?

-Why was the devil so happy that Vakula was ready to destroy his soul? -How did Vakula defeat the devil? -Is the evil spirit portrayed in the story as scary?

Here's Solokha for you?

Assignments: retell this episode, read the dialogue expressively by role. -How does Chub behave after getting out of the bag? Why? - Why did Chub and the head start talking about the weather and boots? - What is the funny situation based on? - What significance did the laughing incident have for the fate of Oksana and Vakula?

The blacksmith flies on the line.

-What does Vakula feel, observe, flying on the line? -How does Vakule see St. Petersburg? -What character traits does Vakula display?

Vakula among the Cossacks

-How did the Cossacks receive Vakula? -What is realistic and what is fantastic in this episode?

Vakula in the palace

-How is the path to the palace depicted? -With whose eyes do we look at the palace? -How do the realistic and the fantastic compare in the scene in the palace?

Here's a blacksmith for you!

“Gossip of Dikan women” -How is the humorous effect created in this scene?

“Where has the blacksmith really gone?” -How did Oksana’s attitude towards Vakula change when she realized that she had lost him? -How does the author describe the scene in the church?

Happy Return of the Blacksmith

-What is Vakula’s fault? -How does he want to atone for his guilt? -Why does Chub agree to marry Oksana to Vakula? -How did Oksana accept that the blacksmith fulfilled her condition?

Final episode

The last episode is the epilogue. From it we learn about the happy family life of Vakula and Oksana and that the blacksmith endured church repentance. -What feeling permeates the entire work? -Which episodes did you find particularly interesting?

A Yuletide STORY

A Yuletide STORY

FANTASTIC

MORALS

FUNNY CHARACTER OF THE STORY

Thank you for the lesson!

Christmas is a Christian holiday, the Birthday of Jesus Christ. The birth of Christ is associated with the concept of establishing a new era, which has long been calculated “before and after the Birth of Christ.” The singing of carols was a glorification of this great event, “the first of an era.”

Carols (from the Latin kalends - the name of the first day of the month among the ancient Romans). These are special songs with wishes for a rich harvest, health, harmony in the family. Kolyada is the pagan god of cheerful feasts, his name is derived from the word “kolo” - circle, it symbolizes the eternal cycle of life, the change of day and night, the eternal movement from darkness to light. Kolyada, Kolyada! Kolyada, Kolyada! A carol has arrived A carol has arrived For Christmas Eve; On Christmas Eve; We walked, we We walked, we were looking for Kolyada, looking for the holy holy Kolyada Through all the courtyards, Through all the courtyards, through the alleys, through the alleys, We found a carol... We found a carol...

The last day before Christmas has passed. A clear winter night has arrived. The stars looked out. The month majestically rose into the sky to shine on good people and the whole world, so that everyone would have fun caroling and praising Christ. It was freezing more than in the morning; but it was so quiet that the crunch of frost under a boot could be heard half a mile away. Not a single crowd of boys had ever appeared under the windows of the huts; for a month he only glanced at them furtively, as if calling the girls who were dressing up to run out quickly into the crunchy snow. Then smoke fell in clouds through the chimney of one hut and spread like a cloud across the sky, and along with the smoke a witch rose riding on a broom. The last day before Christmas has passed. A clear winter night has arrived. The stars looked out. The month majestically rose into the sky to shine on good people and the whole world, so that everyone would have fun caroling and praising Christ. It was freezing more than in the morning; but it was so quiet that the crunch of frost under a boot could be heard half a mile away. Not a single crowd of boys had ever appeared under the windows of the huts; for a month he only glanced at them furtively, as if calling the girls who were dressing up to run out quickly into the crunchy snow. Then smoke fell in clouds through the chimney of one hut and spread like a cloud across the sky, and along with the smoke a witch rose riding on a broom.

An expression that gives an idea of some concept or phenomenon by depicting it in the form of a living person endowed with the properties of this concept PERSONIFICATION looked at the stars looked at the stars the month looked into the windows furtively the month looked into the windows furtively

Following the author. Why is the work called “The Night Before Christmas”? How did the devil, Chub, Head, and clerk get into Solokha’s house? Who is Solokha? And what about the blacksmith Vakula? Why did the devil, Chub, Head, and clerk end up in the bags? Why did the blacksmith come home out of spirit and decide to clear the hut of “all rubbish” and take the bags to the forge? And who is she, this proud beauty Oksana? Why did Vakula decide to drown himself? And then you changed your mind? Where do the bags go? Who did Vakula go to? What did he have behind him?

Following the author. Who picked up the bags? Who did Vakula end up with when he flew to St. Petersburg? Where were the Cossacks going? What did Vakula ask the queen? What was going on in Dikanka at that time? How did Oksana react to all the talk about the blacksmith? The appearance of Vakula in the village? How did he thank the devil? How does the work end?

Homework Evolution is the process of gradual development, improvement, and changing heroes for the better. The spiritual evolution of the heroes can be traced by analyzing folk proverbs: Beautiful, like a Christmas tree, prickly, like a needle. Don't look at the forelock, look at the soul. All that glitters is not gold. Which of the main characters and how are they characterized? Letter dictation Questions: Questions: 1. The food that was prepared on Christmas Eve. 1. Food that was prepared on Christmas Eve. 2. Name of spiced vodka. 2. Name of spiced vodka. 3. Cotton fabric like wool. 3. Cotton fabric like wool. 4. Underskirt made of woolen checkered fabric. 4. Underskirt made of woolen checkered fabric. 5. Cloak cloak with a cloth hat sewn on the back. 5. Cloak cloak with a cloth hat sewn on the back. 6. An ancient outer dress like a caftan. 6. An ancient outer dress like a caftan. 7. Pieces of dough cooked in broth. 7. Pieces of dough cooked in broth. 8. Small flat bread. 8. Small flat bread. 9. Red paint. 9. Red paint. 10.Large chest. 10.Large chest. Answer options: Answer options: 1. Kutya - E; Easter cake - Yu; kulebyaka I; 1. Kutya - E; Easter cake - Yu; kulebyaka I; 2. Gorilka - R; Varenukha - T; mead - C; 2. Gorilka - R; Varenukha - T; mead - C; 3. Chinese - L; garus - N; nank fabric - M; 3. Chinese - L; garus - N; nank fabric - M; 4. Spare wheel - U; paneva - Y; plakhta - O; 4. Spare wheel - U; paneva - Y; plakhta - O; 5. Kobenyak - G; hood - D; hood - F; 5. Kobenyak - G; hood - D; hood - F; 6. Scroll - P; zhupan - R; casing - K; 6. Scroll - P; zhupan - R; casing - K; 7. Dumplings - A; dumplings - I; donuts - Y; 7. Dumplings - A; dumplings - I; donuts - Y; 8. Grechanik - X; cake - C; palyanitsy - F; 8. Grechanik - X; cake - C; palyanitsy - F; 9. Vohra - W; yar - Ш; bakan - I; 9. Vohra - W; yar - Ш; bakan - I; 10.Aganets - H; hiding - I; breast - Sh 10.Aganets - H; hiding - I; breast - Ш Hint By answering all the questions correctly, you will learn the name of the science that studies the life and customs of a people

Slide 2

The time of writing “The Night Before Christmas” is determined differently by different researchers - although within the general framework of the period from 1830 to the winter of 1831-1832 Ukraine (2009): Postal block for the 200th anniversary of the birth of N.V. Gogol. On the right stamp is “The Night Before Christmas”

Slide 3

The plot of the work unfolds......

The plot of the work takes place in Dikanka, Ukraine. Unnoticed by anyone, two people are circling in the sky: a witch on a broom, and the devil, who hides a month in his pocket, thinking that the coming darkness will keep the rich Cossack Chub at home, invited to the clerk for kutya, and the blacksmith Vakula, hated by the devil, will not dare to come to Chub’s daughter Oksana.

Slide 4

Her friends come to Oksana. Oksana proudly declares that she will marry Vakula if he brings her the slippers “that the queen wears.”

Slide 5

Meanwhile, the devil, who was spending his time usefully at Solokha’s, was frightened by his head, who did not go to the clerk for kutya. The devil climbs into a bag, and soon his head also climbs into another, because a clerk has come to Solokha. The clerk who was flirting with Solokha also has to get into the bag, because Chub comes. Vakula takes away the bags, explaining their heaviness to himself by his depressed state after meeting Oksana.

Slide 6

In the crowd of carolers, the blacksmith again meets Oksana, who repeats her promise about the slippers. Out of grief, Vakula decides to drown himself, throws all the bags except the smallest one, and runs away.

Slide 7

Having calmed down a little, Vakula wants to try one more remedy: he comes to the Cossack Pot-bellied Patsyuk, who is “a little akin to the devil,” and receives a vague answer that the devil is behind him. The cunning blacksmith, grabbing the devil by the tail and threatening to cross him, becomes the master of the situation and orders the devil to take himself “to St. Petersburg, straight to the queen.”

Slide 8

Once in St. Petersburg, the blacksmith comes to the Cossacks, whom he met in the fall when they were passing through Dikanka. With the help of the devil, he gets to be taken to an appointment with the queen. Marveling at the luxury of the palace and the wonderful painting, the blacksmith finds himself in front of the queen and asks her for the royal shoes. Touched by such innocence, Catherine draws the attention of Fonvizin, who is standing at a distance, to this passage, and gives Vakula the shoes.

Slide 9

Thank you for your attention

The work was completed by 10th grade student Yana Mudrak Teacher Shatalova S.Yu.

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Slide 1

Educational materials for a literature lesson in 6th grade on the topic:
N.V.Gogol. “The Night Before Christmas” Compiled by: Mandzhieva D.S., teacher of Russian language and literature MKOU “Sarpinskaya Secondary School”

Slide 2

The great Russian writer N.V. Gogol was born in the town of Bolshie Sorochintsy, Poltava province, in the family of a Ukrainian landowner. Gogol spent his childhood and youth among Ukrainian nature. The future writer passionately loved Ukrainian fairy tales, he was fascinated by the stories of wandering kobzars - their songs and legends.

Slide 3

At the gymnasium, Gogol was interested in drawing and theater. He wrote poetry in Russian, comedies, and enjoyed fame as a wonderful storyteller. The boy read a lot. He spent his pocket money on books, and those that were very expensive, he carefully copied on the best paper with drawings of his own image. At the same time, in the gymnasium, the writer’s passion for writing awakened.

Slide 4

N.V. Gogol’s book “Evenings on a Farm near Dikanka” (1831 – 1832), a story from Ukrainian folk life, was enthusiastically received by the writer’s friends and wide reading circles. “This is real gaiety, sincere, relaxed, without affectation, without stiffness,” wrote A.S. Pushkin. “And in some places, what poetry!...” All Gogol’s stories included in this book are colored with soft, kind humor. After the release of Evenings on a Farm near Dikanka, Gogol becomes famous.
Book "Evenings on a farm near Dikanka"

Slide 5

This lesson will introduce you to one of the epic genres - the story, namely, you will learn what a fairy tale is using the example of N.V. Gogol’s work “The Night Before Christmas”.

Slide 6

"Christmas Eve"

Slide 7

"The Night Before Christmas" is like a fairy tale. The genre of this work is a fairy tale. But it is distinguished from a fairy tale by the characters of the main characters, a half-real, half-fantastic reality, an unconventional plot, and the absence of fairy-tale characters. Literary critic N.L. Stepanov believes that in “The Night Before Christmas” “fantasy is intertwined with life, everyday details.” The narration is told on behalf of the narrator - Rudy Panka. His language is simple, understandable, and imperturbable. Therefore, what seems unusual is explained by the heroes as commonplace.

Slide 8

Heroes of the work.

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Slide 11

Oksana is wayward and frivolous. Her whim was the condition set to Vakula: to get the slippers in which the queen herself walks. Then the capricious beauty promised to marry the blacksmith. But throughout the story the girl changes. Her thoughts about Vakula change, and our attitude towards her also changes. Oksana falls in love with the blacksmith, and she no longer needs the slippers that she demanded. At the end of the story we learn that Oksana and Vakula get married and live happily.

Slide 12

Slide 13

The blacksmith Vakula attracts with his simplicity, perseverance and perseverance, because he loves the beautiful Oksana very much. Vakula was a devout and religious man; in addition to blacksmithing, he also painted paintings and icons. This helped him defeat the devil. The blacksmith did not succumb to his temptations and did not betray his faith in God. Vakula drew the devil in hell and defeated him with the power of love and faith. The writer shows the superiority of the forces of good over evil. Christmas has come, the forces of good have won, although there are still heroes in Dikanka who are related to evil spirits (Solokha, Patsyuk)

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Solokha is considered the witch of her old neighbor for her “cunning and cunning,” they said that they saw her tail, that she turns into a black cat, a pig, a rooster. In addition, Solokha was attractive and knew how to “bewitch” the Cossacks to her. Each of Solokha’s guests thought that he was the only one enjoying her favor; respectable people, even the clerk, hid in coal sacks to avoid getting into a funny situation, and they just ended up in it.

Presentation on the topic “Lesson-game based on N.V. Gogol’s story “The Night Before Christmas” on literature in powerpoint format. The purpose of this presentation for 5th grade schoolchildren is to repeat and consolidate material based on N.V. Gogol’s story “The Night Before Christmas”. Author presentations: Oshnokova Asya Gerikhanovna, teacher of Russian language and literature.

Fragments from the presentation

Brain-ring

1. What did the witch collect in her sleeve on the night before Christmas?
2. How did the witch and the devil get into the hut?
3. Who stole the month and why?
4. Why did the devil take revenge on the blacksmith?
5. How old was Oksana?
6. What gift did the blacksmith prepare for Oksana?
7. What was the witch’s name, and who was she related to the blacksmith?
8. Why did Solokha prefer Chuba out of all her suitors?
9. How did it happen that the blacksmith beat Chub, Oksana’s father, and drove him out of his own house?
10. What condition did Oksana set for the blacksmith when she agreed to marry him?
11. What is caroling?
12Who ended up in the sacks in Solokha’s hut?
13. Who is Pot-bellied Patsyuk, why did Vakula go to him for help?
14. What did Pot-bellied Patsyuk eat during his conversation with Vakula?
15. How can you tame the devil?
16. Where did Vakula go when he got to St. Petersburg?
17. Why did the queen react favorably to Vakula’s request?
18. What did the Cossacks call the queen?
19. What rumor spread after the blacksmith disappeared?
20. What happened to Oksana when the blacksmith disappeared?
21. How did the blacksmith get married?
22. How did the blacksmith “thank” the devil?