Music of English composers, works, famous English composers. The most famous composers of the world Modern British composers

Greatest Composers world of all times: lists in chronological and alphabetical order, reference books and works

100 Great Composers of the World

List of composers in chronological order

1. Josquin Despres (1450-1521)
2. Giovanni Pierluigi da Palestrina (1525-1594)
3. Claudio Monteverdi (1567 -1643)
4. Heinrich Schütz (1585-1672)
5. Jean Baptiste Lully (1632-1687)
6. Henry Purcell (1658-1695)
7. Arcangelo Corelli (1653-1713)
8. Antonio Vivaldi (1678-1741)
9. Jean Philippe Rameau (1683-1764)
10. Georg Handel (1685-1759)
11. Domenico Scarlatti (1685 -1757)
12. Johann Sebastian Bach (1685-1750)
13. Christoph Willibald Gluck (1713-1787)
14. Joseph Haydn (1732 –1809)
15. Antonio Salieri (1750-1825)
16. Dmitry Stepanovich Bortnyansky (1751-1825)
17. Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart (1756 –1791)
18. Ludwig van Beethoven (1770 -1826)
19. Johann Nepomuk Hummel (1778 -1837)
20. Nicollo Paganini (1782-1840)
21. Giacomo Meyerbeer (1791 -1864)
22. Carl Maria von Weber (1786 -1826)
23. Gioacchino Rossini (1792 -1868)
24. Franz Schubert (1797 -1828)
25. Gaetano Donizetti (1797 -1848)
26. Vincenzo Bellini (1801 –1835)
27. Hector Berlioz (1803 -1869)
28. Mikhail Ivanovich Glinka (1804 -1857)
29. Felix Mendelssohn-Bartholdy (1809 -1847)
30. Fryderyk Chopin (1810 -1849)
31. Robert Schumann (1810 -1856)
32. Alexander Sergeevich Dargomyzhsky (1813 -1869)
33. Franz Liszt (1811 -1886)
34. Richard Wagner (1813 -1883)
35. Giuseppe Verdi (1813 -1901)
36. Charles Gounod (1818 -1893)
37. Stanislav Moniuszko (1819 -1872)
38. Jacques Offenbach (1819 -1880)
39. Alexander Nikolaevich Serov (1820 -1871)
40. Cesar Franck (1822 -1890)
41. Bedrich Smetana (1824 -1884)
42. Anton Bruckner (1824 -1896)
43. Johann Strauss (1825 -1899)
44. Anton Grigorievich Rubinstein (1829 -1894)
45. Johannes Brahms (1833 –1897)
46. ​​Alexander Porfiryevich Borodin (1833 -1887)
47. Camille Saint-Saens (1835 -1921)
48. Leo Delibes (1836 -1891)
49. Mily Alekseevich Balakirev (1837 -1910)
50. Georges Bizet (1838 -1875)
51. Modest Petrovich Mussorgsky (1839 -1881)
52. Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky (1840 -1893)
53. Antonin Dvorak (1841 -1904)
54. Jules Massenet (1842 -1912)
55. Edvard Grieg (1843 -1907)
56. Nikolai Andreevich Rimsky-Korsakov (1844 -1908)
57. Gabriel Fauré (1845 -1924)
58. Leos Janacek (1854 -1928)
59. Anatoly Konstantinovich Lyadov (1855 -1914)
60. Sergei Ivanovich Taneev (1856 -1915)
61. Ruggero Leoncavallo (1857 -1919)
62. Giacomo Puccini (1858 -1924)
63. Hugo Wolf (1860 -1903)
64. Gustav Mahler (1860 -1911)
65. Claude Debussy (1862 -1918)
66. Richard Strauss (1864 -1949)
67. Alexander Tikhonovich Grechaninov (1864 -1956)
68. Alexander Konstantinovich Glazunov (1865 -1936)
69. Jean Sibelius (1865 -1957)
70. Franz Lehár (1870–1945)
71. Alexander Nikolaevich Skryabin (1872 -1915)
72. Sergei Vasilyevich Rachmaninov (1873 -1943)
73. Arnold Schoenberg (1874 -1951)
74. Maurice Ravel (1875 -1937)
75. Nikolai Karlovich Medtner (1880 -1951)
76. Bela Bartok (1881 -1945)
77. Nikolai Yakovlevich Myaskovsky (1881 -1950)
78. Igor Fedorovich Stravinsky (1882 -1971)
79. Anton Webern (1883 -1945)
80. Imre Kalman (1882 -1953)
81. Alban Berg (1885 -1935)
82. Sergei Sergeevich Prokofiev (1891 -1953)
83. Arthur Honegger (1892 -1955)
84. Darius Millau (1892 -1974)
85. Carl Orff (1895 -1982)
86. Paul Hindemith (1895 -1963)
87. George Gershwin (1898–1937)
88. Isaak Osipovich Dunayevsky (1900 -1955)
89. Aram Ilyich Khachaturian (1903 -1978)
90. Dmitry Dmitrievich Shostakovich (1906 -1975)
91. Tikhon Nikolaevich Khrennikov (born in 1913)
92. Benjamin Britten (1913 -1976)
93. Georgy Vasilievich Sviridov (1915 -1998)
94. Leonard Bernstein (1918 -1990)
95. Rodion Konstantinovich Shchedrin (born in 1932)
96. Krzysztof Penderecki (b. 1933)
97. Alfred Garievich Schnittke (1934 -1998)
98. Bob Dylan (b. 1941)
99. John Lennon (1940-1980) and Paul McCartney (b. 1942)
100. Sting (b. 1951)

MASTERPIECES OF CLASSICAL MUSIC

The most famous composers in the world

List of composers in alphabetical order

N	Composer	Nationality	Direction	Year
1	Albinoni Tomaso	Italian	Baroque	1671-1751
2	Arensky Anton (Antony) Stepanovich	Russian	Romanticism	1861-1906
3	Baini Giuseppe	Italian	Church Music - Renaissance	1775-1844
4	Balakirev Mily Alekseevich	Russian	"Mighty handful" - nationally oriented Russian music school	1836/37-1910
5	Bach Johann Sebastian	German	Baroque	1685-1750
6	Bellini Vincenzo	Italian	Romanticism	1801-1835
7	Berezovsky Maxim Sozontovich	Russian-Ukrainian	Classicism	1745-1777
8	Beethoven Ludwig van	German	between classicism and romanticism	1770-1827
9	Bizet Georges	French	Romanticism	1838-1875
10	Boito (Boito) Arrigo	Italian	Romanticism	1842-1918
11	Boccherini Luigi	Italian	Classicism	1743-1805
12	Borodin Alexander Porfiryevich	Russian	Romanticism - "The Mighty Handful"	1833-1887
13	Bortnyansky Dmitry Stepanovich	Russian-Ukrainian	Classicism - Church music	1751-1825
14	Brahms Johannes	German	Romanticism	1833-1897
15	Wagner Wilhelm Richard	German	Romanticism	1813-1883
16	Varlamov Alexander Egorovich	Russian	Russian folk music	1801-1848
17	Weber (Weber) Carl Maria von	German	Romanticism	1786-1826
18	Verdi Giuseppe Fortunio Francesco	Italian	Romanticism	1813-1901
19	Verstovsky Alexey Nikolaevich	Russian	Romanticism	1799-1862
20	Vivaldi Antonio	Italian	Baroque	1678-1741
21	Villa-Lobos Heitor	Brazilian	Neoclassicism	1887-1959
22	Wolf-Ferrari Ermanno	Italian	Romanticism	1876-1948
23	Haydn Franz Joseph	Austrian	Classicism	1732-1809
24	Handel Georg Friedrich	German	Baroque	1685-1759
25	Gershwin George	American	-	1898-1937
26	Glazunov Alexander Konstantinovich	Russian	Romanticism - "The Mighty Handful"	1865-1936
27	Glinka Mikhail Ivanovich	Russian	Classicism	1804-1857
28	Glier Reinhold Moritzevich	Russian and Soviet	-	1874/75-1956
29	Gluk Christoph Willibald	German	Classicism	1714-1787
30	Granados, Granados y Campina Enrique	Spanish	Romanticism	1867-1916
31	Grechaninov Alexander Tikhonovich	Russian	Romanticism	1864-1956
32	Grieg Edvard Haberup	Norwegian	Romanticism	1843-1907
33	Hummel, Hummel (Hummel) Johann (Jan) Nepomuk	Austrian - Czech by nationality	Classicism-Romanticism	1778-1837
34	Gounod Charles François	French	Romanticism	1818-1893
35	Gurilev Alexander Lvovich	Russian	-	1803-1858
36	Dargomyzhsky Alexander Sergeevich	Russian	Romanticism	1813-1869
37	Dvorjak Antonin	Czech	Romanticism	1841-1904
38	Debussy Claude Achille	French	Romanticism	1862-1918
39	Delibes Clement Philibert Leo	French	Romanticism	1836-1891
40	Destouches André Cardinal	French	Baroque	1672-1749
41	Degtyarev Stepan Anikievich	Russian	church music	1776-1813
42	Giuliani Mauro	Italian	Classicism-Romanticism	1781-1829
43	Dinicu Grigorash	Romanian		1889-1949
44	Donizetti Gaetano	Italian	Classicism-Romanticism	1797-1848
45	Ippolitov-Ivanov Mikhail Mikhailovich	Russian-Soviet composer	20th-century classical composers	1859-1935
46	Kabalevsky Dmitry Borisovich	Russian-Soviet composer	20th-century classical composers	1904-1987
47	Kalinnikov Vasily Sergeevich	Russian	Russian musical classics	1866-1900/01
48	Kalman (Kalman) Imre (Emmerich)	Hungarian	20th-century classical composers	1882-1953
49	Cui Caesar Antonovich	Russian	Romanticism - "The Mighty Handful"	1835-1918
50	Leoncavallo Ruggiero	Italian	Romanticism	1857-1919
51	Liszt (Liszt) Franz (Franz)	Hungarian	Romanticism	1811-1886
52	Lyadov Anatoly Konstantinovich	Russian	20th-century classical composers	1855-1914
53	Lyapunov Sergey Mikhailovich	Russian	Romanticism	1850-1924
54	Mahler (Mahler) Gustav	Austrian	Romanticism	1860-1911
55	Mascagni Pietro	Italian	Romanticism	1863-1945
56	Massenet Jules Emile Frederic	French	Romanticism	1842-1912
57	Marcello (Marcello) Benedetto	Italian	Baroque	1686-1739
58	Meyerbeer Giacomo	French	Classicism-Romanticism	1791-1864
59	Mendelssohn, Mendelssohn-Bartholdy Jacob Ludwig Felix	German	Romanticism	1809-1847
60	Mignoni (Mignone) Francisco	Brazilian	20th-century classical composers	1897
61	Monteverdi Claudio Giovanni Antonio	Italian	Renaissance-Baroque	1567-1643
62	Moniuszko Stanislav	Polish	Romanticism	1819-1872
63	Mozart Wolfgang Amadeus	Austrian	Classicism	1756-1791
64	Mussorgsky Modest Petrovich	Russian	Romanticism - "The Mighty Handful"	1839-1881
65	Headmaster Eduard Frantsevich	Russian - Czech by nationality	Romanticism?	1839-1916
66	Oginsky (Oginski) Michal Kleofas	Polish	-	1765-1833
67	Offenbach (Offenbach) Jacques (Jacob)	French	Romanticism	1819-1880
68	Paganini Nicolo	Italian	Classicism-Romanticism	1782-1840
69	Pachelbel Johann	German	Baroque	1653-1706
70	Plunkett, Plunkett (Planquette) Jean Robert Julien	French	-	1848-1903
71	Ponce Cuellar Manuel Maria	Mexican	20th-century classical composers	1882-1948
72	Prokofiev Sergey Sergeevich	Russian-Soviet composer	Neoclassicism	1891-1953
73	Poulenc Francis	French	Neoclassicism	1899-1963
74	Puccini Giacomo	Italian	Romanticism	1858-1924
75	Ravel Maurice Joseph	French	Neoclassicism-Impressionism	1875-1937
76	Rachmaninov Sergei Vasilievich	Russian	Romanticism	1873-1943
77	Rimsky - Korsakov Nikolai Andreevich	Russian	Romanticism - "The Mighty Handful"	1844-1908
78	Rossini Gioacchino Antonio	Italian	Classicism-Romanticism	1792-1868
79	Rota Nino	Italian	20th-century classical composers	1911-1979
80	Rubinstein Anton Grigorievich	Russian	Romanticism	1829-1894
81	Sarasate, Sarasate y Navascuez Pablo de	Spanish	Romanticism	1844-1908
82	Sviridov Georgy Vasilievich (Yuri)	Russian-Soviet composer	Neo-Romanticism	1915-1998
83	Saint-Saëns Charles Camille	French	Romanticism	1835-1921
84	Sibelius (Sibelius) Jan (Johan)	Finnish	Romanticism	1865-1957
85	Scarlatti Giuseppe Domenico	Italian	Baroque-Classicism	1685-1757
86	Skryabin Alexander Nikolaevich	Russian	Romanticism	1871/72-1915
87	Sour cream (Smetana) Bridzhih	Czech	Romanticism	1824-1884
88	Stravinsky Igor Fyodorovich	Russian	Neo-Romanticism-Neo-Baroque-Serialism	1882-1971
89	Taneev Sergey Ivanovich	Russian	Romanticism	1856-1915
90	Telemann Georg Philipp	German	Baroque	1681-1767
91	Torelli Giuseppe	Italian	Baroque	1658-1709
92	Tosti Francesco Paolo	Italian	-	1846-1916
93	Fibich Zdenek	Czech	Romanticism	1850-1900
94	Flotow Friedrich von	German	Romanticism	1812-1883
95	Khachaturian Aram	Armenian-Soviet composer	20th-century classical composers	1903-1978
96	Holst Gustav	English	-	1874-1934
97	Tchaikovsky Pyotr Ilyich	Russian	Romanticism	1840-1893
98	Chesnokov Pavel Grigorievich	Russian-Soviet composer	-	1877-1944
99	Cilea (Cilea) Francesco	Italian	-	1866-1950
100	Cimarosa Domenico	Italian	Classicism	1749-1801
101	Schnittke Alfred Garrievich	Soviet composer	polystylistics	1934-1998
102	Chopin Fryderyk	Polish	Romanticism	1810-1849
103	Shostakovich Dmitry Dmitrievich	Russian-Soviet composer	Neoclassicism-NeoRomanticism	1906-1975
104	Strauss Johann (father)	Austrian	Romanticism	1804-1849
105	Strauss (Straus) Johann (son)	Austrian	Romanticism	1825-1899
106	Strauss Richard	German	Romanticism	1864-1949
107	Franz Schubert	Austrian	Romanticism-Classicism	1797-1828
108	Schumann Robert	German	Romanticism	1810-1

As ironic as it may sound, we must recognize the validity of the statement that England is a country where the audience is very musical, but there are no musicians!

This problem is all the more interesting because we know very well how high the musical culture of England was in the era of Queen Elizabeth. Where did the musicians and composers disappear to in England of the 18th-19th centuries?

It is not difficult to give a superficial answer. Great Britain was engaged in trade, acquired colonies, carried out gigantic financial operations, created industry, fought for a constitution, played a game of chess on a huge board of the globe - and she did not have time to mess with music.

The answer is tempting, but not true. After all, this same England gave mankind great poets: Byron, Shelley, Burns, Coleridge, Browning, Crabbe, Keats, Tennyson, but can you name all those on this list of fame; Merchant England produced excellent artists: Hogarth, Constable and Turner. The size of the chapter does not allow us to give here the names of all the masters of prose in England of the 18th-19th centuries. We will only mention Defoe, Fielding, Stern, Goldsmith, Walter Scott, Dickens, Thackeray, Stevenson, Meredith, Hardy, Lamb, Ruskin, Carlyle.

So the above argument is invalid. It turns out that merchant England was at its best in all forms of art, with the exception of music.

Perhaps we will come closer to the truth if we follow the train of thought of the musicologist Goddard. In The Music of Britain in Our Time, he writes: “English music lives first by admiration for Handel, then from Haydn, in the Victorian era this admiration was replaced by the adoration of Mendelssohn, and this adoration made Mendelssohn's compositions not only the criterion, but the only nutrient medium of music. There simply was no organization, association or class that would be inclined to support English music.

Although this explanation sounds somewhat crude and unlikely, nevertheless, if you think about it carefully, it is quite acceptable. The English aristocracy, as is well known, demanded, purely out of snobbery, Italian conductors and singers, French dancers, German composers, since she did not consider listening to her musicians a secular enough matter, just as she traveled not to Scotland or Ireland, but to Italy or Spain, to the African jungle or to the icy world of fiords. Thus, national English music could be heard only when the rising and victorious bourgeoisie felt strong enough to not imitate the “high society” in the field of theater, music, opera, but go where their mind, heart and taste. But why was the English bourgeoisie able to find literature and poetry to its liking, and why did this not happen with music?

Yes, because the rising bourgeois brought with him the ideals of the Puritans, and with pious horror denied the brilliance of the opera stage, as if it were a phenomenon born at the instigation of the devil. The 19th century had to come with its rationalism, freer thinking, more distant from religion, more secular and, one might say, high-society outlook on life, so that the English bourgeois would turn to music, so that an era would come that ensures the right to a life full of perky dances. , sparkling with cheerful laughter of the opera-buffa Arthur Sullivan (1842-1900), to awaken the understanding of the cantatas of Hubert Parry (1848-1924), opened Edward Elgar oratorios: "Apostles", "Light of Christ", "King Olaf", "Dreams of Gerontius". Elgar is already smiling popularity and recognition. He is the court musician of the king. He alone receives as many awards as all the famous English musicians in the history of music from the Renaissance to the present day have not received.

But the influence of the music of the continent is still strong. So, following in the footsteps of Elgar Frederick Delius(1863-1934) studies in Leipzig and is freed from the influence of Mendelssohn by Paris, where he meets Strindberg and Gauguin and, perhaps, meant even more for him than meeting these great people, this is a meeting with the city itself on the banks of the Seine , with the French people, with Gallic wit.

Delius wrote the following operas: Coanga (1904), Rural Romeo and Juliet (1907), Fennimore and Gerda (1909).

Delius lived in a French milieu and, despite a respectable desire for creative freedom, could not completely free himself from the influence of the music of the continent.

The first real English 19th composer century was Ralph Vaughan Williams(1872), singer of English nature, English people, connoisseur of English song folklore. He addresses the old poet Banayan and composer XVI Tellis century. He writes a symphony about the sea and about London. draws musical portrait Tudors, but most willingly makes English folk songs sound.

In the camp of English composers of the 19th century, he has a special place, not only because of his excellent technique, amazing taste and fruitfulness, but also because he has such qualities that were given only to Dickens or Mark Twain: he knows how to smile condescendingly, somewhat ironically, squinting his eyes, but humanly, as the above-mentioned great writers did.

For the stage, he wrote the following works:

The Pretty Shepherds, The Mountains (1922), Hugh the Driver (1924), Sir John in Love (1929), The Service (1930), The Poisoned Kiss (1936), Sea robbers(1937), Pilgrim's Success (1951).

Contemporaries of Vaughan Williams, English musicians-innovators, are trying to develop the style of a new English opera. There is no shortage of traditions: composers of this era revive the traditions of old ballad operas, resurrect the spirit of Gay and Pepush: they mix lofty feelings with burlesque, pathos with irony; but most of all I am inspired by English poetry - a treasury of poetic beauties, the world of thoughts.

From among the English composers late XIX- the beginning of the 20th century, we will only mention those who contributed to the formation of modern stage music.

Arnold Bax (1883-1953) became famous as a composer of ballets.
William Walton (1902) wins great success with Troilus and Cressida (1954).
Arthur Bliss (1891) attracted attention with an opera based on a libretto by Priestley, The Olympians (1949).
Eugene Goossens (1893-1963) spoke in English opera stage with the opera Judith (1929) and Don Juan de Manara (1937).

But worldwide success was brought to the English opera by the works of Benjamin Britten.

1. Short story English Music
2. Listen to music
3. Outstanding Representatives English music
4. About the author of this article

A Brief History of English Music

origins
  The origins of English music are in the musical culture of the Celts (the people who lived in the first millennium on the territory of modern England and France), the bearers of which, in particular, were bards (singers-narrators of ancient Celtic tribes). Among the instrumental genres are dances: giga, country dance, hornpipe.

6th - 7th centuries
  At the end of the 6th century. - early 7th c. church choral music with which the formation of professional art is associated.

11th - 14th centuries
  In 11-14c. Spread musically poetic art minstrels. Minstrel - in the Middle Ages, a professional musician and poet, sometimes a storyteller who served with a feudal lord. In the second half of the 14th century. secular musical art, vocal and instrumental court chapels are created. In the first half of the 15th century the English school of polyphonists, headed by John Dunstable, is promoted

16th century
  Composers of the 16th century
K. Tai
D. Taverner
T. Tallis
D. Dowland
D. Bull
Center secular music became a royal court.

17th century
 Early 17th century English musical theater is being formed, leading its origin from the mysteries (musical and dramatic genre of the Middle Ages).

18-19 centuries
  18-19th century - a crisis in English national music.
 To the national musical culture penetrate foreign influences, Italian opera conquers English audiences.
Prominent people worked in England foreign musicians: G.F. Handel, J.K. Bach, J. Haydn (visited 2 times).
  In the 19th century, London became one of the centers of European musical life. Here toured: F. Chopin, F. Liszt, N. Paganini, G. Berlioz, G. Wagner, J. Verdi, A. Dvorak, P. I. Tchaikovsky, A. K. Glazunov and others. Garden" (1732), Royal Academy of Music (1822), Academy early music(1770, first concert society in London)

The turn of the 19th - 20th centuries.
  The so-called English musical revival, that is, the movement for the revival of national musical traditions manifested in the use of English musical folklore and the achievements of the masters of the 17th century. These tendencies characterize the work of the New English composer school; its prominent representatives are composers E. Elgar, H. Parry, F. Dilius, G. Holst, R. Vaughan-Williams, J. Ireland, F. Bridge.

You can listen to music

1. Purcell (Gig)
2. Purcell (Prelude)
3.Purcell (Aria of Didonna)
4.Rolling Stones "Rolling Stones" (Kerol)
5. The Beatles "The Beatles" Yesterday

Outstanding representatives of English music

G. Purcell (1659-1695)

  G. Purcell - the largest composer of the seventeenth century.
  At the age of 11, Purcell wrote the first ode dedicated to Charles II. From 1675, Purcell's vocal works were regularly published in various English music collections.
  Since the end of the 1670s. Purcell is the court musician of the Stuarts. 1680s - the heyday of Purcell's work. He worked equally well in all genres: fantasy for string instruments, music for the theater, odes - welcome songs, Purcell's songbook "British Orpheus". Many of the melodies of his songs, close to folk melodies, gained popularity and were sung during Purcell's lifetime.
  In 1683 and 1687 trio collections were published - sonatas for violins and bass. The use of violin compositions was an innovation that enriched English instrumental music.
  The pinnacle of Purcell's work is the opera Dido and Aeneas (1689), the first national English opera (based on Virgil's Aeneid). This is the largest phenomenon in the history of English music. Its plot is reworked in the spirit of English folk poetry - the opera is distinguished by a close unity of music and text. The rich world of Purcell's images and feelings finds a variety of expressions - from the psychologically profound to the rudely perky, from the tragic to the humorous. However, the dominant mood of his music is penetrating lyricism.
 Most of his writings were soon forgotten, and Purcell's writings gained notoriety only in the last third of the 19th century. In 1876 The Purcell Society was organized. Interest in his work increased in the UK thanks to the activities of B. Britten.

B.E. Britten (1913 - 1976)

  One of the greatest masters of English music of the 20th century - Benjamin Britten - composer, pianist and conductor. Started composing music at the age of 8. Since 1929 he has been studying at the Royal College of Music in London. Already in his youthful works, his original melodic gift, fantasy, and humor appeared. IN early years An important place in Britten's work is occupied by solo vocal and choral compositions. Britten's individual style is associated with the national English tradition (the study creative heritage Purcell and other English composers of the 16th - 17th centuries). To the number the best essays Britten, which received recognition in England and other countries, belong to the operas "Peter Grimes", "Dream in midsummer night" and others. In them, Britten appears as a subtle musical playwright - an innovator. "War Requiem" (1962) - a tragic and courageous work dedicated to acute contemporary issues condemning militarism and calling for peace. Britten toured the USSR in 1963, 1964, 1971.

Music bands 20th century
« Rolling Stones»

  In the spring of 1962, guitarist Brian Jones formed a band called the Rolling Stones. The Rolling Stones included Mick Jagger (vocals), Brian Jones and Keith Richards (guitars), Bill Wyman (bass) and Charlie Watts (drums).
  This band brought to the British scene hard and energetic music, aggressive style of performance and uninhibited behavior. They neglected stage costumes, wore long hair.
 Unlike the Beatles (who evoked sympathy), the Rolling Stones became the embodiment of the enemies of society, which made it possible to gain enduring popularity among young people.

The Beatles

  In 1956 a vocal-instrumental quartet was created in Liverpool. The band consisted of John Lennon, Paul McCartney, George Harrison (guitars), Ringo Starr(drums).
  The team gained wild popularity by performing songs in the style of "big - beat", and since the mid-60s, the songs of the Beatles have become more complex.
  They were honored to perform in the palace in front of the queen.

About the author of this article

In my work, I used the following literature:
- Music encyclopedic dictionary. Ch. ed. R.V. Keldysh. 1990
- Magazine "Student meridian", 1991 Special issue
- Music Encyclopedia, Ch. Ed. Yu.V.Keldysh. 1978
- Modern Encyclopedia"Avanta plus" and "Music of our days", 2002 Ch. ed. V.Volodin.

The concept of "composer" first appeared in the 16th century in Italy, and since then it has been used to refer to a person who composes music.

19th century composers

In the 19th century the Viennese music school represented by such an outstanding composer as Franz Peter Schubert. He continued the tradition of romanticism and influenced a whole generation of composers. Schubert created over 600 German romances, taking the genre to a new level.

Franz Peter Schubert

Another Austrian, Johann Strauss, became famous for his operettas and light musical dance forms. It was he who made the waltz the most popular dance in Vienna, where balls are still held. In addition, his legacy includes polkas, quadrilles, ballets and operettas.

Johann Strauss

A prominent representative of modernism in the music of the late 19th century was the German Richard Wagner. His operas have not lost their relevance and popularity to this day.

Giuseppe Verdi

You can contrast Wagner with a majestic figure Italian composer Giuseppe Verdi, who remained faithful opera traditions and gave Italian opera a new breath.

Peter Ilyich Tchaikovsky

Among the Russian composers of the 19th century, the name of Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky stands out. He is characterized unique style, combining European symphonic traditions with Glinka's Russian heritage.

Composers of the 20th century

Sergei Vasilyevich Rahmaninov

One of the brightest composers of the late 19th - early 20th centuries is rightfully considered Sergei Vasilyevich Rachmaninov. His musical style was based on the traditions of romanticism and existed in parallel with the avant-garde movements. It was for his individuality and the absence of analogues that his work was highly appreciated by critics around the world.

Igor Fyodorovich Stravinsky

The second most famous composer of the 20th century is Igor Fedorovich Stravinsky. Russian by origin, he emigrated to France, and then to the USA, where he showed his talent to the fullest. Stravinsky is an innovator, not afraid to experiment with rhythms and styles. In his work, the influence of Russian traditions, elements of various avant-garde movements and a unique individual style can be traced, for which he is called "Picasso in Music".

English composers, like many others, gave us something wonderful - music. Of course, many composers other than English ones have done this, but now we will talk about English ones. Their music has a certain charm, and each composer has his own special approach to the works.

The beginning of the development of music in England

Until the 4th century, England, from the point of view of art historians, was considered one of the most "least musical" countries. Based on this fact, we can say that the works of English composers classical music, and in other respects any other, did not seem to connoisseurs of beauty to be something noteworthy and reverence. But even despite the opinion of skeptics and art historians, England had and has great and talented composers, whose names are known to everyone, and melodies and works are valued not only in the country itself, but also abroad.

The first fame of composers of those times

Known English composers began to appear and become famous somewhere in X-XV centuries. Of course, music appeared there much earlier, but the works were not very famous, and the names of composers have not survived to this day, just like their works. English composers of classical music first appeared and became somewhat famous in the 11th century. The first works appeared almost in the same period as the European ones. English composers of classical music conveyed stories about Celtic or simply military campaigns in their works. The works described the life of ordinary, or not quite, people living or having any connection with the Celtic islands and tribes.

After the adoption of Christianity, at the end of the 6th century, English composers of classical music began to actively develop their skills in the field of music, using church themes for this, and a little later, at the beginning and middle of the 7th century, domestic and state ones. Thus, it becomes clear that English music was dedicated to religion and the various military merits of the country.

The popularity of English classical composers in modern times

As you can see, music composers were not very popular in the fifth and seventh centuries, but how much of such composers are preferred now? Of course, in our time, they do not pay due attention to such music and often the latest musical novelties happen instead of the works of great composers. But the music of famous English composers can be heard in our time - in opera houses or just finding beauty musical phenomenon in the Internet. Today you will get acquainted with some of the most famous composers, whose works are known in many countries and on many continents. The music of English composers, of course, is widespread in England itself and abroad, but does not have such a large number of admirers as then.

Who is Edward Benjamin Britten?

Benjamin Britten is a British composer of classical English music born in the 20th century. Benjamin was born in 1913 in Lowestoft. Benjamin is not only a composer, but also an excellent musician, namely a conductor and professional pianist. He also tried many musical directions as a composer, his repertoire included vocal and piano pieces and opera performances. By the way, it was the third repertoire that became one of his most basic. Like any other famous composer, Edward Benjamin Britten has many different masterpieces of operatic music and plays behind him.

The plays of Benjamin Britten and his popularity

The most famous play, which is staged in theaters in our time - "Noah's Ark". Judging by the title, and also by the plot of the play, it is easy to understand that the title itself confirms the fact that many works written before the 20th century and at its beginning often had a religious theme. Speaking of Benjamin, it is impossible not to mention his significance among composers of the mid-twentieth century. He was the most famous composer of the 20th century, one might even say that it was he who exalted the significance and beauty of English musical masterpieces"to heaven". After Edward's death for a long time England "did not see" such talents.

Who is Gustav Holst?

Gustav Holst is one of the most famous English composers of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. Gustav was born in 1830 and to this day he has retained his popularity, and his creations are still famous for lovers of beauty. The symphonies and melodies of Gustav Holst are now not uncommon, they are very easy to get in our time: there are many works on the Internet in in electronic format, and to purchase a disc with a collection of works by the great master is as easy as shelling pears.

Plays and works of Gustav Holst, their role in cultural institutions

You will say: “He was great and talented, but is he popular and are his creations popular now?” It is impossible to give an unambiguous answer to your question, because, like any musician, and especially the famous English composer of those times, he did not remain a favorite of the public, and people preferred musical novelties to his works. And no matter how famous and beloved by the public Gustav may be, in our time, few will remember his name. But it is impossible not to include him in our list, because once his example was an ideal for beginning English composers who dream of world fame and fame.

In conclusion, I would like to say that although English classical composers and their music are not currently successful and almost no one prefers such a magnificent genre as classical, genres, works and their authors still have admirers, the number of which is incredibly great for beginners and not only classical composers. And remember: the classic is eternal and unchanging, because what it has remained for many centuries is the same now.