home › Transmission (gearbox) › Presentation on the theme of Arkady Gaidar. Biography and creativity A

Presentation on the theme of Arkady Gaidar. Biography and creativity A

To use the preview of presentations, create a Google account (account) and sign in: https://accounts.google.com

Slides captions:

Arkady Petrovich Gaidar Real name - Golikov January 9 (22), 1904, Lgov, Kursk province- October 26, 1941, near the village of Leplyavo, Kanevsky district, Cherkasy region) - Soviet children's writer, participant of the Civil and Great Patriotic Wars

Born in 1904 in the village of a sugar factory near Lgov, now the Kursk region, in the family of a teacher - Pyotr Isidorovich Golikov (1879-1927) and a noblewoman Natalya Arkadyevna Salkova (1884-1924), a distant relative of Mikhail Yuryevich Lermontov. The parents of the future writer took part in the revolutionary uprisings of 1905. In 1908 they left Lgov.

Member of the Civil War. At the end of December 1918 he was enrolled in the Red Army. . Participated in battles on different fronts of the Civil War, was wounded, shell-shocked. In March 1921 he took command of the 23rd Reserve Rifle Regiment of the 2nd Reserve Rifle Brigade of the Oryol Military District, then was appointed battalion commander at the front.

In 1925, the writer arrived in Perm, where he published for 2 years in the Zvezda newspaper. The memorial plaque is located on the building of the House of Journalists (Sibirskaya St., 8), bearing the name of A. Gaidar since 1964. In the city of Perm, the children's library bears the name of Gaidar (1905, 8) http://kino.t7.ru/id1000002

During the Great Patriotic War Gaidar was in the army as a correspondent " Komsomolskaya Pravda". In September 1941, Arkady Petrovich Gaidar ended up in partisan detachment Gorelov. In the detachment he was a machine gunner. October 26, 1941 Arkady Gaidar died near the village of Leplyavo in Ukraine.

The writer became a classic of children's literature, becoming famous for his works about sincere friendship and camaraderie.

Most famous works"School" (1930) "Distant countries" (1932) "Military secret" (1935) "Timur and his team" (1940) "Chuk and Gek" (1939) "The fate of the drummer" (1938) stories "Hot stone" ( 1941) Blue Cup (1936). In the works of the 1930s - glorification and romanticization of the Civil War, devotion to the ideals of the first years of Soviet power. The writer's works are included in school curriculum, actively filmed, translated into many languages of the world. The work "Timur and his team" actually laid the foundation for a unique Timurov movement, which set as its goal volunteer assistance to veterans and the elderly from the side of the pioneers.

The girl Zhenya, the daughter of the regiment commander Alexandrov, arrives at the dacha with her older sister Olga. Here she meets Timur, the commander local group pioneers, helping people, especially the elderly and the families of the Red Army: either they chop wood, then they draw water from the well, or they find the missing goat. For some reason, Olga takes Timur for a hooligan and forbids her younger sister to communicate with him, although Timur and his small team are fighting real hooligans - "ataman" Kvakin, Figure and their company, making nightly "raids" on summer residents' gardens ... http: / /video.mail.ru/mail/sergey.a_62/moviefragments/680.html

"Biography and work of A. Gaidar"

To the lesson of literary reading.

primary school teacher

Ulan-Ude

Arkady Petrovich Gaidar

(Golikov)

9 January 1904 -

Russian, Soviet children's writer, screenwriter.

Member of the Civil and Great Patriotic Wars.

Arkady Gaidar was born into a family of teachers - Pyotr Isidorovich Golikov (1879-1927) and Natalya Arkadyevna Salkova (1884-1924), a noblewoman, a distant relative of Mikhail Yuryevich Lermontov. There were four children in the family, Arkady Gaidar had three sisters.

With mother, grandmother and sisters. 1914

With father, mother and sisters. 1914

In 1911, the Golikovs moved to Arzamas, where Arkady went to study at a real school.

Life for a 13 year old, future famous writer, is a game full of dangers: he participates in rallies, patrols the streets of Arzamas, becomes a liaison for the Bolsheviks.

To the first world war father was taken to the front. Arkady, then still a boy, tried to get to the war. The attempt failed: he was detained and returned home.

Arzamas. The house where A. Gaidar spent his childhood. Now the house houses a museum.

IN 1918 at the age of 14 he was admitted to the Communist Party (RKP (b)) with the right to an advisory vote.

Works in the local newspaper "Hammer".

At the end of December 1918 he was enrolled in the Red Army.

At the end of 1919 he was appointed to the active army as an assistant platoon commander.

At the end of June 1921 the commander of the troops in the Tambov province, M.N. Tukhachevsky, signed an order appointing Arkady Golikov, who at that time was not even 18 years old, as the commander of the 58th separate regiment for combating banditry.

He is preparing to enter the military academy, but in 1924, after a shell shock, he was demobilized.

Company commander, 1920

Since 1925, Arkady began to engage in writing.

Still in a fresh army uniform, with a well-preserved combat bearing, full of enthusiasm - this is how an aspiring writer first appeared in the literary environment.

His first work was a story called "In the days of defeats and victories", which was published in the famous almanac "Ladle".

Pseudonym Gaidar (Turkic word - "rider galloping in front") was the first to sign the short story "Corner House", created in 1925 in Perm.

During the Great Patriotic War.

During the Great Patriotic War, Gaidar was in the army as a correspondent for Komsomolskaya Pravda. Wrote military essays "At the crossing", "Bridge", "At the front line", "Rockets and grenades".

After the encirclement in September 1941 of parts of the Southwestern Front in the Uman-Kyiv region, Arkady Petrovich Gaidar ended up in Gorelov's partisan detachment. In the detachment he was a machine gunner.

Before leaving for the front. 1941

Arkady Gaidar died on October 26, 1941 as a result of a clash with a German ambush near the village of Leplyavo, Kanevsky district, Cherkasy region.

According to the widespread version of events, on October 26, 1941, a group of partisans of the detachment collided with a German detachment. Gaidar jumped up to his full height and shouted to his comrades: “Forward! Behind me!".

in the active army. 1941

According to Butenko, that day Gaidar and four other partisans went to the detachment's food base. There they were attacked by the Germans. Gaidar got up and shouted: "Attack!" He was struck down by machine-gun fire. The Germans immediately removed his order, upper uniforms from the deceased partisan, took away notebooks and notebooks. Gaidar's body was buried by a lineman...

In a partisan detachment.

1941

slide 2

Gaidar called his life "an ordinary biography in an extraordinary time." Indeed, the time was indeed unusual - Gaidar was given two revolutions and three wars by fate in his short life. He lived in a special time, but his fate was also unusual.

slide 4

Arkady considered Arzamas his hometown. All his childhood passed here. “Our town Arzamas was quiet, all in gardens, surrounded by dilapidated fences. Blooming ponds stretched across the city past the gardens…” A.P. Gaidar

Now the house houses a museum.

slide 5

Unusual in the biography of A.P. Gaidar begins with his genealogy.

The writer's mother, Natalya Arkadyevna Salkova, the daughter of an officer, was the sixth cousin of M.Yu. Lermontov. Of course, this fact is not so much personal as symbolic meaning and cannot but excite our imagination. One involuntarily wants to connect with him the roots of Gaidar's poetic talent. After graduating from high school, she left home, broke with her environment, deciding to devote her life to educating the people. She herself received the right to teach in the lower grades and therefore, having arrived at a new place, together with her husband, she began pedagogical work. Natalya Arkadievna Salkova (Golikova)

slide 6

Gaidar's FATHER, Petr Isidorovich Golikov, was the grandson of a serf, thanks to perseverance and perseverance he made his way to education, worked as a teacher. Arkady's talent may well be associated with his father, who had a light, lively style and a penchant for writing. It was with his giftedness, spiritual wealth and wide erudition that he, then a seminarian, conquered the high school student Natasha, who, following the example of her beloved literary heroines, neglecting class prejudices and against his father's will, marries a modest teacher who has just received a diploma and a direction to the Lgovskaya elementary school (Kursk province). Petr Isidorovich Golikov

Slide 7

Arkady's childhood with his usual boyish activities - a real school, games, first poems, "sea battles" on the pond - coincided with the First World War and the revolution. When Arkady was 14 years old, he volunteered for the Red Army. Gaidar was a physically strong and tall guy. He managed everything: to guard the city at night, to engage in self-education, to write in the student newspaper. At the age of 16, Gaidar commanded a regiment. During the four war years he went from adjutant to regiment commander. Arkady traveled a long and glorious path along the fronts of the civil war. He experienced the death of many friends, learned the insult and bitterness of defeat, and the inspiring joy of victories.

Slide 8

Extraordinary time gave birth to unprecedented biographies

In December 1924, Gaidar left the army due to illness (after being wounded and shell-shocked). I had to learn to live in a new way. Gaidar's meeting with commander M.V. Frunze helped him find his place in the ranks. Arkady decided to help people now not with weapons, but with a pen in his hands. “Probably because I was still a boy in the army, I wanted to tell the new boys and girls what it was like - life, how it all began and continued.” A.P. Gaidar

Slide 9

This is how Gaidar entered literature...

The second army, an army of millions of readers, has found its commander. His stories of heroes ordinary people fascinated not only children, but also adults. If you carefully read Gaidar's short stories, you can say that they were written by a cheerful man, with open heart and strong character, a man who has seen a lot in life. Gaidar loved brave, truthful people, devoted to the revolution, to the motherland. He shows the heroes, adults and children, in the most difficult, decisive moments of life. At such moments, a person gathers all his strength, all his mind, in order to do the right thing, with dignity. At such moments, you can see what a person is capable of, what he is worth. So, the choice is made: to write about children and for children. Big, cheerful, clear-eyed, Sitting down by the children's fire, He composed his stories, Like an endless game.

Slide 10

For my short life Gaidar did not have time to write so much: all the best that he created easily fits into a single volume. The works created by him are small - these are stories or novels. Gaidar has always been one of the most beloved Soviet children's writers. He was a participant in revolutionary events, a soldier of the Red Army, he told the boys and girls of the Soviet country about the revolution and civil war. But times have changed. The time in which Gaidar lived and worked, the ideals in which he believed, were reassessed. But best books its not outdated.

slide 11

Gaidar considered his best works to be the story "R.V.S" (1925), the novels "Far Countries", "The Fourth Dugout" and "School" (1930), "Timur and his team" (1940). He traveled a lot around the country, met with different people greedily soaked up life. He knew how to write, closed in his office, at a comfortable table. He composed on the go, thought about his books on the road, recited whole pages by heart, and then wrote them down in simple notebooks.

slide 12

Other famous works of Arkady Gaidar: "Chuk and Gek", "The Fate of the Drummer", the stories "Hot Stone", "Blue Cup" ... The writer's works were included in the school curriculum, actively filmed, translated into many languages of the world. The work "Timur and his team" actually laid the foundation for a unique Timurov movement, which set as its goal volunteer assistance to veterans and the elderly from the side of the pioneers.

slide 13

The writer and journalist Arkady Golikov began to sign his works with the pseudonym "Gaidar" in 1925. Biographers have made various assumptions. "Gaidar" in Mongolian means "a rider galloping ahead." This is one of the versions. Gaidar served in Khakassia in 1922. He was the head of the second combat area for combating banditry. locals When they saw him, they asked each other: “Khaidar Golikov?”, Which meant “Where is Golikov going? Which way?" This is where the word "Gaidar" came from.

Monument to A.P. Gaidar in Arzamas

Slide 14

The Great Patriotic War…

The war began and Gaidar, of course, could not stand aside. And he got to the front, if not as a soldier, but as a correspondent. He walked ahead and spotted the ambush a moment before the others. He managed to warn his comrades, and he himself fell, struck down by a fascist bullet. Favorite children's books creator I true friend guys, He lived like a fighter should live, And he died like a soldier. You open a school story - Gaidar wrote it: The hero is true to that story And he dared, even though he was small in stature

slide 15

February 27, 1963 in the Kremlin to the son of A.P. Gaidar, captain of the first rank Timur Gaidar was awarded the Order of the Patriotic War of the first degree, which was posthumously awarded to his father.

Gaidar's name is immortalized in the names of hundreds of streets, schools, Pioneer Palaces, and libraries. Ships and diesel locomotives, a village in Kazakhstan and a far, far away asteroid bear his proud name.

“He died riddled with fascist bullets, he died defending his dear native country. He lived as a wonderful writer and an extraordinary person and died a hero.” Konstantin Paustovsky

Memorial to the memory of Arkady Gaidar in the Children's City Recreation Park in Khabarovsk. Author - Galina Mazurenko The building in Khabarovsk, it housed the editorial office of the newspaper "Pacific Star". In 1956, a memorial plaque in memory of Arkady Gaidar was fixed on it. A memorial plaque to Arkady Gaidar.

Slide 19

Quiz

Where and when was Arkady Gaidar born? The surname "Gaidar" is a pseudonym. And what real name Arkady Petrovich? 3. How old was Arkady when he left for the Red Army? 4. . How old was Gaidar when he was appointed commander of the regiment? January 22, 1904 in the city of Lgov, Kursk Province, Golikov, 14 years old 16 years old

Slide 20

5. Why did Arkady leave the army? 6. About whom and for whom did Gaidar write? 7. Under what circumstances did Arkady die? 8. How many years did this man live on earth amazing person?

Due to illness About children and for children Hit by a fascist bullet in the Great Patriotic War 37 years old

slide 21

Resources:

http://www.litra.ru/biography/get/wrid/00576591211284022442 http://www.gaidardb.ru/nash-gaidar/ http://www.aodb.ru/gaydar/biography/

View all slides

slide 1

Arkady Petrovich GAYDAR (Golikov) Biography pages January 22, 1904 - October 26, 1941 105th birthday

slide 2

slide 3

Childhood Future Writer Arkady Petrovich Gaidar was born on January 22, 1904 in the city of Lgov, Kursk Region, into a family of rural teachers. Pyotr Isidorovich and Natalya Arkadyevna loved their profession, in the evenings free from classes they studied French and German languages. My father was fond of apiary, gardening. He made stools, shelves for books.

slide 4

Children's games Arkady invented new ones Interesting games for yourself and younger sister. The city of Arzamas, where the family moved, was remembered by the children as a city of apples and churches. Dad often told children stories from life different peoples, they often taught and recited poems, sang songs. At the age of 8, the boy enters private school, at the age of 10 - in a real school, where he received extensive knowledge.

slide 5

School life During these years, Arkady began to compose poetry. With friends, he participated in stage performances based on the works of Gogol, Ostrovsky, recited poetry, while smiling shyly. City of Arzamas. The real school where A. Golikov (Gaidar) studied from 1914 to 1918.

slide 6

Arkady's father is a participant in the First World War. In 1915-1918 Arkady's father participated in military events. The boy childishly wrote to his father: “Daddy, I know that some people send rifles from the front as a gift. Maybe you can send it to me somehow, I really want to. How are you, dear daddy? If you come after September, bring me something from the war ... "

Slide 7

Arkady - chairman of the student committee The revolution changed Arkady's life: he was drawn to high school students who were members of the revolutionary youth circle, participated in the movement to democratize the situation at school, gained a reputation as a political leader. Soon the Revolutionary Headquarters gave him a rifle, and Arkady patrols the streets, becoming the defender of Soviet power. On the streets of the city.

Slide 8

1919 - 1924 - combat youth "He joined the Red Army in Arzamas in December 1918. In 1919, he participated almost all summer in battles against atamans in Ukraine. On August 23, he was appointed commander of the 6th company of the regiment of cadets of the Shock Brigade, as part of which he took fierce battles for the defense of Kiev from Ataman Petliura, ”Golikov wrote in his autobiography. A. Golikov, enlisted in the commandant command of the Defense Headquarters of all railways Republic. End of 1918

Slide 9

Combat Service Arkady For fifteen years, he commanded a company, and at seventeen, a regiment to combat banditry. At the age of twenty, after numerous wounds and shell shocks, he was sent to the reserve as a regiment commander. A. Golikov, company commander. 1920 A. Golikov, battalion commander. 1922

slide 10

Arkady Gaidar – journalist, writer “From then on I began to write. Probably because I was still a boy in the army, I wanted to tell the new boys and girls what life was like? How it all began and how it continued, because I still managed to see a lot, ”Arkady Petrovich explains the choice of the profession of a writer. 1932 1935

slide 11

“I don’t want to be in the reserve,” Arkady Gaidar wrote on June 22, 1941 in a statement to send him to the front. July 18 - October 26, 1941, a military journalist participates in battles, is forced to retreat near Kiev, is surrounded, joins a partisan detachment. “If it is necessary to knock out German vehicles, Gaidar commanded an ambush. It is necessary to get food for the detachment - Gaidar in this group and under the nose of the policemen is getting food. He did not think about himself when he went into battle, ”recalled the partisan I. Tyutyunnik. A. Gaidar at the front. 1941 A. Gaidar's battle roads map.

G. ABOUT . Novokuibyshevsk Samara region Sklyarova Natalia Anatolievna

Gaidar (Golikov)

Arkady Petrovich

in the family of a teacher in Lgov. The family took part in the revolutionary events of 1905 and was forced to move to a provincial town. He spent his childhood in Arzamas.

Later, at the age of fourteen, he met with the Bolsheviks and

in 1918 he volunteered for the Red Army. He was a physically strong and tall guy, and after some hesitation he was accepted into the courses of the red commanders. He had to fight in Ukraine, and on the Polish front, and in the Caucasus.

IN fourteen and a half years old he commanded a company of cadets on the Petlyura front,
and in seventeen years was the commander of a separate regiment for the fight against banditry.

Gaidar's works began to be published in 1925. The writer became a real classic of children's literature, having become famous for his works about camaraderie and sincere friendship.
The author's pseudonym means: "Gaidar" in Mongolian means rider sent forward on patrol .

« School"

"Distant countries"

"Smoke in the Forest"

"Chuk and Gek"

"A military secret"

"Blue Cup"

"The fate of the drummer".

When the war broke out, Gaidar went to the front as a volunteer. There he became a war correspondent for Komsomolskaya Pravda.

He traveled a lot around the country, met people. He wrote his books on the go, on trains, on the road. He recited whole pages by heart, and then wrote them down in notebooks. In his reports and essays, he told the truth about the atrocities of the Nazis, about the exploits of our soldiers.

In the autumn of 1941, he voluntarily stayed behind enemy lines and became a machine gunner in a partisan detachment.

On October 26, Arkady Gaidar went on reconnaissance with four partisans. Gaidar went ahead. At the crossing, a large detachment of fascists was waiting for them, which lay in an ambush. A small partisan detachment came to them at dawn. The first to see the Nazis was Gaidar. Straightening up to his full height, raising his hand high, he loudly shouted: “Forward! Behind me!" and rushed towards the Nazis.

For a long time Gaidar's books brought up children. The name of Gaidar was given to many schools, streets of cities and villages of the USSR. Monument to the hero of Gaidar's story Malchish - Kibalchish - the first monument to a literary character in the capital

(1972 at the City Palace of Creativity for Children and Youth on Sparrow Hills)

1. The word "Gaidar" is a pseudonym. What is the real name of Arkady Petrovich?

2. What does the word "Gaidar" mean?

3. How old was Arkady when he left for the Red Army?

4. How old was Gaidar when he was appointed commander of the regiment?

5. What was depicted on the flag of Timur's team?

Where and under what circumstances did A.P. Gaidar?

How did it happen?

REMEMBER THE WORKS OF A.P. GAIDAR

"Fate

Drummer"

"Chuk and Gek"

"Bumbarash"

"School"

"A military secret"

"Blue Cup"

"Timur

and his team"

1. What is the name of the main character of the story: a) Garaev; b) Kovalev; c) Smirnov.

2. Who is not a member of Timur's team: a) Sima Simakov; b) Kolya Kolokolchikov; c) Misha Kvakin.

3. What was the name of Timur's dog: a) Alma b) Tina; c) Rita.

4. On the gates of which houses the Timurovites painted red stars: a) Where did the elderly live? b) where someone went to the Red Army; c) where the military man lived.

5. On which musical instrument played by Olga a) button accordion; b) accordion; c) a guitar.

6. What profession did Olga want to get: a) an engineer; b) a musician; c) doctor.

7. What military rank Zhenya's father had: a) lieutenant colonel; b) colonel; c) general.

8. How the Timurovites punished Kvakin's company: a) was taken to the police station; b) closed in an empty booth on the market square; c) forced to eat all the stolen apples.

9. Why did the Timurovites punish Kvakin’s company: a) for stealing a goat; b) for stealing apples from other people's orchards; c) for threatening Timur.

Love your homeland

be honest, fair,

respect the child, and the old man, and the woman.

Timur always thought about people, and "they will repay you the same."

“If everyone is happy and calm, then everyone will be happy and calm.” The wisdom of Timur is in the desire to give, not to receive.

It is difficult to live in Gaidar's way, but it is interesting: to love your Motherland, to respect people, to compare thoughts, words, deeds according to Good. Re-reading Gaidar, you will see that the book has not lost its significance even today. The story forces you to look at yourself from the outside. Stop!

Think! Is this how we live?

Change something in yourself: give way to older people in transport, run to get bread for a sick neighbor. Not loud speeches are important, beautiful words, but permanent assistance to one veteran or disabled person. Humanity, according to Gaidar, must be learned, as one learns to build houses, grow bread, and fly airplanes. You need to learn this now, because tomorrow it may be too late. Grow good in yourself.

The strength of a person is not in money and power, but in himself.