What does rotunda mean. Rotunda - what is it? Rotunda in secular and sacred architecture

R Otonda on Gorokhovaya - one of the most mystical places in St. Petersburg. Many legends are associated with it.
It was here that they accepted into Masons, Rasputin and Lenka Panteleev lived here, there was brothel and .... however, first things first)))

By official version, the house was built by order of the merchant Ustinov with a very "worldly" purpose. The owner wanted to have one more building on his plot, in which he could rent apartments, and at the same time not worsen living conditions in other premises overlooking the courtyard. By 1827, construction was completed.

The customer was satisfied - the new building did not darken the corners in the yard already existing house. In 1861, a three-story building was attached to the unique structure, but in Soviet years The house has been restored to its original state.

However, there is a version, which is much more popular among Petersburgers, that the building was originally intended either for a Masonic lodge, or for a satanic temple (they say differently, and as proof they cite a strange lattice pattern on which pentagrams are visible). After that, a brothel was allegedly located there, and already at the beginning of the 20th century, Grigory Rasputin lived in the house on Gorokhovaya in the very entrance of the Rotunda.

This house belonged at the end of XVIII — early XIX centuries to Count Andrei Zubov, a famous Freemason, and it was in him, in basement rotundas, and accepted initiates into a well-known lodge and allegedly even sacrificed people on a special stone-altar ... and so on. etc... and other terry horror...

Once the entrance to the Rotunda was from the embankment, but for unknown reasons it was blocked up. You can see it on the front of the house. Where there should be a door there is a blank wall, there is no window.

We played pranks there a couple of times... with masks and stuff...

During the restructuring of 1856, metal stairs were installed here, repeating the curve of the walls. At the same time, cabalistic symbols were also removed from the walls and the lattice of the stairs. On the site of the third floor, the walls are decorated with pilasters and completed with a domed ceiling. Structures of this type are called rotunda, and under the name "Rotonda" this legendary place was included in recent history Leningrad-Petersburg.

IN Soviet time The Rotunda was a gathering place for hippies and rock and roll, and was a truly cult place for young people. Around the same time, it received the name "Center of the Universe." Naturally, the Rotunda gradually began to acquire even more myths that have adherents to this day. About them a little later...

Ladder.

Window ... there will be no lantern and pharmacy ...

All the walls are covered with desires. It is believed that those who are unhappy in love should come to the Rotunda and leave some inscription on its walls. True, they wrote wishes related not only to personal life, and gradually all the walls were covered with numerous messages. On the ceiling-dome there used to be an appeal opposite in meaning: "Forget hope, everyone who enters here ...".

But the labels still appear...

Wishes from serious to ridiculous and even naive.

The Russians love the Rotunda, which cannot be said about the locals. There were many battles for peace in the entrance, but mystic lovers won.

For the sake of the photo, I even took off my jacket))))) this is because I had a T-shirt corresponding to the place)))) the cycle of the divine in nature ...

Zenith is sacred...

On bottom photo something incomprehensible ... but it is THIS that is located in the very center of the lower platform of the Rotunda (they are just standing on it in the top photo). It is here at night that they make wishes to the Prince of Darkness.

Legends of the Rotunda

There are six columns... but you can also see the shadow of the seventh column. The place is Archi-mystical. Temple of Satan. Here they accepted into Masons, they say different sects brought human sacrifices here. Lenka Panteleev and Rasputin had an apartment here, there was a brothel here))) people disappeared here ... outrages were mainly happening in the basement, now it is walled up. It is believed that here is a portal of time and transitions to other worlds are possible ... from where you can return or not return ... you can come here young and leave old ... or vice versa ...)))

There is an opinion that there are 6 mystical rotundas in St. Petersburg, which form a regular hexagon on the city plan, similar to the Israeli symbol.

I did this unscientific study around 2009 and it went viral on the internet. My blog post on Mile

Even travel sites have already picked it up.
In my opinion, it is difficult to take research seriously, but it really has a certain mystical charm))) in these places some kind of "devilry" often happens, strange events that then turn into legends.

Connoisseurs of this place and psychics claim that the Rotunda on Gorokhovaya has special physical properties- up to possibility enter the fourth dimension. And there are not many such cases.

In Soviet times, in the 80s, one guy went into the basement, stayed there for 15 minutes and came out an old man of 70 years old. He did not tell about what happened to him, except for close relatives and doctors of the madhouse. Television then was too far from mysticism and too true to the ideals of Marxism-Leninism. I can imagine with what enthusiasm this "young man" would be shown today on TV-3 or NTV.

They say that if you come to the lower platform exactly at midnight, stand in its center (there is an incomprehensible pentagram), you can meet Satan himself, and if a desire or some need suddenly arises, even ask him for something cherished.

And these are not "fresh" myths of today. All this has been going on since tsarist times. So, for example, a certain young girl N, from the nobility, at the end of the forties of the XIX century, as she herself said, called him there on the occasion of an unhappy love, had a long conversation with him, and in the morning her lover was found dead in his bed without any signs violent death.

Already in our time, in the late 80s of the twentieth century, a student of the Faculty of Economics of the University Sushkov, despite the persuasion of his comrades who whiled away another evening in the "Rotonda", stayed there until midnight because he wanted to acquire some dollar capital. Nobody saw him again. (c) Anton Uspensky.

Very mystical properties were also attributed to the basement. Since Soviet times, it has been laid tightly. It was there, under the Rotunda, that they accepted Masons and even made sacrifices. They say the famous bandit Lenka Panteleev liked to hide there. He went into this basement and found himself in a completely different place in St. Petersburg. Allegedly, there were numerous witnesses to such transfers. So he escaped surveillance and the Cheka. But Lenka Panteleev had many doubles, so I would not attach much importance to these testimonies.
In Soviet times, they searched for his jewelry and gold coins (he did not recognize paper money). It was believed that he hid his treasures in this basement. They, of course, were searched for, but alas ... the treasures of Lenka Panteleev have not yet been found, and this is a very serious amount, even by today's standards. The Rotunda knows how to keep its secrets.

Lost here and the tenants of the apartments. Moreover, without documents, and as they say - with ends and for no apparent reason. By the way! One of the apartments in the next entrance is now for sale.

If you "correctly" sit on the rotunda cul-de-sac (a kind of landing), you can see shadow from the seventh, non-existent column(there are 6 in total and I already wrote about this above).

Another legend - who spend the night in the Rotunda and try to pray to God can go crazy. This myth was also refuted, but it is interesting that no matter how many people are convinced of the opposite, legends live and are transmitted to followers.

The place is considered to be one of places of worship in the city dark forces . The forces of evil. The center of dark forces and the temple of Satan. At one time, a popular cafe-chantan and a dance class of Martsinkevich with a very dubious reputation were opened.

If you whisper something while facing the wall, then the phrase will not only be heard by everyone present, but, having circled the entire Rotunda, will return to its owner: it will seem that someone is whispering your own words into your ear.

The Picnic group rehearsed here, Viktor Tsoi and Konstantin Kinchev visited, many of today's stars - artists and musicians - came here to talk. They say that something here asked for something at night and the now famous artist Khabensky.

Rotunda of the Soviet era was named "Center of the Universe" and overgrown with a lot of myths. The largest inscription in the Soviet era was "Abandon all hope, everyone who enters here." Photos of celebrities and the Rotunda of the Soviet period (C).

The entrance is periodically repaired, all the inscriptions are painted over. Now there are expensive apartments, but the "pilgrims" continue to go to the former place of worship. The residents have stopped fighting, asking only not to make noise and not to litter. Sometimes the abundance of people in the entrance makes them dissatisfied, but they understand that it is not possible to fight the guests.

All boxes with number 666... ​​comedians...

What is true story Rotunda, hard to say. However, that belief in legends, that energy of the people who came here could not but create a completely unique atmosphere in it. After all, buildings necessarily absorb the spirit of their inhabitants ...

Some components...
There are so many mystics here that it can be easily found in everything. Nothing (at first glance) unremarkable window sill on the top floor (photo from around 2008)

Everything is as usual on the windowsill - inscriptions, requests and wishes, etc. Everything is like everywhere else, but something was spilled on it, a brown stain ... most likely beer, Pepsi or Coca-Cola.
If you look closely, you can see that the spill has strangely acquired some kind of "artistic" shape. There you can see something with a beard and horns ... and like a reverse image - a pig.

I circled this place below with red ovals. Mysticism, however ... the Rotunda really lives)))

People here are not without humor))) and cats are calm and arrogant.

This picture under the arch leading to the Rotunda, alas, has already been painted over by public utilities ... next to it is a door laid with bricks. Where she went I don't know. Now it has already been plastered and painted over, so there is an ordinary wall there.

Nearby (right in the neighboring courtyard), there is a monument to Olga Bergolts.

At the entrance to the courtyard there is an original cafe with a skeleton in the window)))

Now you can sit in a cafe ...)))

By general rule, the rotunda is recognized architectural structure, made in the form of a round building, crowned with a dome with columns around the perimeter. Rotunda - "round" (from Italian rotonda, from Latin rotun-dus). The round shape is perceived by a person as ideal, creating the impression of wholeness and completeness, harmony and balanced peace. Therefore, the development of rotunda architecture began with the creation of round burial structures designed to serve the memory and eternal rest of the dead (mausoleums, baptisteries, chapels, churches). The first ancient temples of this kind are the ancient Greek tholos and the ancient Roman frontal-axial rotunda. In the Renaissance and Baroque era they taught further development in terms of design and artistic performance. The most active construction of rotunda temples was carried out in historical periods flourishing of humanistic ideas and creative rethinking of classical models architectural heritage.

Sacred circular buildings

The use of centric (that is, central-axial) buildings in religious architecture is associated with the expression of the idea of ​​the sky. The center of the circle is the absolute of sacredness, the unity of infinity and completeness, the limit of peace and supreme perfection. In the round temple there is nothing superfluous, nothing distracts from communication with the Almighty. At every point of such a structure, a person is in the dome space, which means that he remains alone with God Almighty. The rotunda temple also acts as a reminder that the Church of God will exist forever. The main elements of Christian religious buildings are the altar, the vestibule and the pillars dividing the inner space. The rotunda was used as an apse rounding of the altar part of the temple. This type of religious building was close to Christians and more suitable for them for service.

In a row historical monuments of European sacred architecture, there are several of the most significant.

• The Rotunda Church of St. George (Bulgaria) dating back to the 4th century has the shape of a rotunda. This is an early Christian building, originally used as a baptistery.
• The temple in Brescia is famous for the fact that until the 20th century it remained the only round Christian cathedral.
• The oldest temple of Mantua, the rotunda of St. Lawrence, is considered a monument of Romanesque architecture in Italy.
• The Mosta Dome Rotunda Cathedral in the city of Mosta (Malta) is a beautiful building that became famous for its unique domed completion. In 1942, a shell hit the church. Having broken through the dome, he fell at the very altar and did not explode. None of the parishioners were hurt. The dome crowning the rotunda, whose diameter is about 37 meters, is the third largest in Europe.

These and many other religious buildings were often built in the image and likeness of the Roman Pantheon, or in their architectural design they were guided by the view of the Church of the Holy Sepulcher in the Holy Land.

The Jerusalem shrine in its present form is a huge (22 m in diameter) rotunda, inside of which there is a cuvuklia. Reliquaries (Zions or Jerusalem) are also made in the form of miniature rotundas, symbolically reproducing this temple.

The Church of the Holy Sepulcher became the prototype for many Christian buildings. And the rotunda, along with the cruciform building and the octogon (regular octagon), took its historical place among the main types of central-domed religious buildings.

The love for round ends (domes) and round (from the base) temples that came to the Russians from the ancient Hellenes and the inhabitants of Byzantium was expressed in the creation of buildings that became unique for Russian church architecture. The construction of rotunda churches in Russia began with an experiment to reproduce the Church of the Holy Sepulcher in the New Jerusalem Monastery near Moscow (Istra, 1658-1685). In the cathedral, built by order of Patriarch Nikon in imitation of a temple in the Holy Land, there was also a rotunda crowned with a conical tent.

In the pre-Petrine era, rotundas appeared in Moscow monasteries. Russian architects of the 18th century studied the works of Vitruvius, A. Palladio, J. B. Vignola and others, applied European experience in religious architecture. But the appearance of cylindrical churches in the central cities was hindered by the difficulty of including them in the grid of quarters (in those days, a rectangular building principle was used). Therefore, round churches began to be erected in small parishes and in private estates. These were small in area, not designed for crowds of parishioners, tent churches located in noble estates. There are more than 50 of them in the Moscow region. The Church of the Nativity of the Virgin, located in the Podmoklovo estate near Serpukhov, is a pearl of Russian church rotunda architecture.

There are less than a dozen such buildings in the vicinity of St. Petersburg. The first round church was designed at the Strelna Palace by Nicolo Michetti. Another Italian architect, Pietro Trezzini, created a round temple in the Trinity-Sergius Desert, resembling a fortress tower. In 1785, in the village of Aleksandrovsky (which is on the way to Shlisselburg), a temple-rotunda appeared in the country estate of the secular nobleman A. A. Vyazemsky. This is the famous Trinity Church, built by the architect N. A. Lvov.

Because of unusual shape The temple in the name of the Holy Life-Giving Trinity was popularly called Kulich and Easter. The bell tower is made in the form of a tetrahedral pyramid - this is Easter, and the rotunda acted as the Easter cake.

In the old Russian understanding, a circle and a sphere are an image of the Heavenly City. But for the Baroque style, these figures were too simple and uncomplicated, and the masters did not willingly turn to this architectural form. Rotundal churches in Russia began to be actively erected only under Catherine II. Nicholas I and the “Russian style” that came with him did not favor round buildings, as they were guided by pre-Petrine architecture. Therefore, rotunda temples are unique for Russian architecture and belong to the monuments of cylindrical sacral architecture.

Rotunda in secular architecture

The interpretation of classical examples of architectural heritage affected not only religious buildings, but also secular buildings. In the Renaissance, architectural solutions of a circular type began to be used in the construction of public buildings and private houses, places of recreation and entertainment.

Impressed by the Roman Pantheon, the talented Renaissance master Andrea Palladio designed and built the first non-cult building topped with a dome. Villa Capra "La Rotonda" was made in the form of an ancient temple, looked little like a cozy home and was intended for receptions and festivities.

The Italian's initiative was picked up by English and American aristocrats who built luxurious estates for themselves (Mereworth Castle, Chiswick House, Monticello, etc.). In the image and likeness of Villa Capra, the third US President Thomas Jefferson designed not only his own apartments, but also the Capitol. A main building The University of Virginia he built is still called simply the Rotunda.

A striking example of the Palladian style is one of the buildings of the famous Oxofrde Bodleian Library. The Radcliff Camera is one of the world's first examples of so-called circular libraries. Near the Rotunda of Radcliffe in the 20th century, several scenes from American films about Sherlock Holmes.

There are a lot of examples of public and private domed buildings with a circular layout in modern foreign architecture: the New Zealand Parliament (the so-called Beehive) and most importantly federal agency India Samsad Bhavan, Masham Street rotunda in London and office building in Birmingham, main concert hall Romanian and Irish Gate Theatre, Nereworth Castle and Ickworth Residential Building in England, etc.

In Russia historical example The secular rotunda is the current exhibit of the Hermitage, which is considered one of the most expensive in the museum. It's about about the malachite gazebo, which was presented to Nicholas I as a gift by the Ural industrialist A. Demidov.

Made by the best European masters in Paris, a stone rotunda was supposed to decorate the palace park. But the autocrat used it differently. In the "malachite canopy", covered with a crimson velvet canopy with the image of a double-headed eagle, was his royal place during services in the Holy Trinity Cathedral of the Alexander Nevsky Lavra.

The rotunda, which has no direct analogues in architecture, was built in 1845 under the roof of the Mariinsky Palace. This internal building was erected at the intersection of two main palace enfilades, divided into several tiers and is a continuous colonnade of 32 columns. Recognized as a masterpiece in terms of unusual architectural design, the Mariinka is a traditional place for lavish receptions and luxurious balls.

And the Rotunda of the former Dutch church, recently opened after restoration (currently the Center for Art and Music of the Mayakovsky Library is located here) functions as a concert and exhibition hall.

Before today residential buildings decorated with the use of domed-circular architectural elements have been preserved. For example, one of the symbols of Yekaterinburg is the house of Sevastyanov.

IN Soviet period recreational areas, clubs, restaurants and baths, metro lobbies and maritime stations became round buildings with a domed roof and cylindrical structures. Multi-petalled rotundas appear in parks and embankments (the architectural term is “octaconchs”).

The legendary building in St. Petersburg, known as the House on Gorokhovaya, stepped from the era of classicism into modernity. In appearance, this is an unremarkable building, typical of the city of the late 18th century, formerly called the house of Yakovlev-Dementyev. The secret is in the inner round building with six columns and curved stairs.

Rotunda on Gorokhovaya is credited with mystical properties, it literally "overgrown" with myths and legends about its connection with other world. And in the 70-80s of the last century, which saw the boom of the informal youth movement, the building became a cult place.

Monuments - rotundas

The era of modernism, with its adherence to strict plans, borrowed from antiquity the rotunda, like a pantheon or a chapel. In our country, some historical monuments are made in the form of rotundas.

• As a reminder of the grief and suffering that the war brings, the rotunda of the hospital building, destroyed during shelling in 1942, has been preserved in Voronezh in a ruined form.

Rotunda as an element of landscape architecture

A special type of cylindrical structure is the gazebo. This is a rotunda in the form of columns standing in a circle, connected by a low dome in the form of a roof. The gaps between the columns can be filled with a balustrade, and the interior space allows you to arrange radius benches. Such a building is associated with silence, solitude and peace.

In the era of romanticism, the meaning of the gazebo was to hide passionate kisses and passionate declarations of love from prying eyes. The columns of the romantic date arbors were covered with ivy and decorated with flowers. Among the representatives of the nobility, the rotunda was considered a favorite vacation spot and was an integral attribute of the estate of the 18th century. They put garden pavilions on high places, allowing them to survey the surroundings. Later they took the form of guest houses, the openwork designs of which made it possible to demonstrate the guests' outfits in all their glory.

The two-tiered rotunda "Milovida" in Marfino, near Moscow, stands not far from the music pavilion on a steep hillside before descending to a large lower pond. This is one of the well-preserved examples of manor garden and park architecture that has survived to this day.
The gazebo today is an indispensable element of a summer cottage or a country house. Also, light and elegant circular designs are used as an attribute when organizing outdoor solemn marriages.

The rotunda is present in the recreation areas.

As an example of an architectural remake - a gazebo for meditation.

Sources:

• Rotunda (architecture)

IN literary works of a romantic nature, the rotunda is often the meeting place for lovers. What building is this? And is it a building at all? In the writings of the beginning and mid-nineteenth heroines have been dressed in the rotunda for centuries. This word seems to have several meanings. Indeed, in the description of the architecture of churches, we meet the term "rotunda". What is it? We will try to find out in this article. Below we will consider not only the etymology of the word, which was embodied in park arbors and women's coats, but also give Interesting Facts about the rotunda located in St. Petersburg. What myths are fanned by this type of building?

Rotunda - what is it?

The origin of this word is Latin. Rotundus in translation simply means "round". And before rotunda became an architectural term for Italian architects, it already existed in ancient buildings. Ancient Greek monopters and tholos are built in the form of circles. Some pagan temples in the Roman Empire are also rotundas. An example is the Pantheon. Later, buildings based on a circle began to be used in Christian sacred architecture. These are mainly baptisteries, which used to be buildings separate from churches, and some churches. It turns out that the rotunda is cylindrical in shape, crowned with a round dome. But it is not so. We can meet rotundas without walls at all. Instead, the circle is created by columns evenly spaced from each other. And there are rotundas without a roof at all. So, in Greek buildings, only a portico served as a roof.

Rotundas in church architecture

When building churches, the Christian Church took as a model ancient mausoleums, which were round in their layout. The first temples for believers were a place of remembrance and veneration of the holy martyrs. Perhaps that is why the shape of the pantheons was taken for the planning of churches. Italian architects actively used the rotunda in their work. This influenced sacred architecture not only in Southern Europe, but also in Kievan Rus. We find rotunda temples of the XI-XII centuries in Galich, Lvov, Vladimir-Volynsky, Przemysl. The foundations of round churches in Uzhgorod, Nizhankovichi, Chernikhovtsy, Stolpye date back to the thirteenth century. The earliest rotunda church in the northern part of Kievan Rus was discovered in Smolensk. This is the temple of the German Mother of God, which was built in the second half of the 12th century by order of foreign merchants. But this architectural form quickly took root in Russian architecture. Back in the pre-Petrine era, when it was fashionable to invite people to build churches Italian masters, rotundas appeared in Moscow monasteries. Centuries later, they could be found everywhere.

Rotundas in secular architecture

Buildings in the form of an ideal circle in the Roman era were often erected as mausoleums, pantheons. Therefore, the secular architecture of the times of classicism, wishing to inherit antique samples, began to use rotundas. These were mausoleums glorifying fallen heroes. As a rule, the walls of such buildings were decorated with columns, and a rounded dome served as a roof. With the advent of the era of romanticism, "pantheons" began to be built in parks. These small structures have become an integral part of landscape design. The rotunda in the park did not always inherit the pantheon. She might not have walls. Many parks decorate rotundas in the form of columns standing in a circle, connected by a low dome. But there are also buildings that resemble romantic chapels.

Rotunda in St. Petersburg

The house on the corner of the Fontanka embankment and Gorokhovaya street hides a rather mystical object. Looking at a gloomy building typical of St. Petersburg, it is impossible to guess that a rotunda is hidden in it. How did this rounded one end up in a rectangular house? No one can accurately answer this question. The house was built in the 18th century, but subsequently rebuilt several times. Probably, the rotunda remained from the original design. Now it seems to be hidden in the "case" of the new house: the dome rests against the attic, the windows overlook the courtyard. Because of its secrecy, the rotunda in St. Petersburg is covered with the darkest legends. It is believed that it is the center of the universe, a kind of axis of being, and here at midnight you can meet Satan. In the 80-90s of the last century, the rotunda became a place of visit not only for various kinds of esotericists, but also for informal youth. V. Tsoi and Kinchev have been here. IN Lately the beautiful rotunda was so defaced with vandal graffiti that the residents of the house introduced an entrance fee - as much as 70 rubles. For this money they restore

Other meanings of the word "rotunda"

In architecture, the term means a cylindrical structure, regardless of what function it performs: a church, a pavilion, or an arbor. Rotunda is also the name of women's outerwear in the form of a spacious cape. She was in fashion in the XVIII-XIX centuries. In the Middle Ages, a round dance was called a rotunda. There is also a term of the same name in typography. It means a type of Gothic script.

ROTUNDA

ROTUNDA

(fr., from lat. rotundus - round). 1) a round building with a dome, sometimes on pillars. 2) top women's attire without sleeves.

Dictionary foreign words, included in the Russian language. - Chudinov A.N., 1910 .

ROTUNDA

1) a round building with a roof in the form of a dome or a tent, (often glass); 2) upper ladies dress, sleeveless.

Complete dictionary foreign words that have come into use in the Russian language. - Popov M., 1907 .

ROTUNDA

1) a round-shaped building topped with a dome (often glass) or a hipped roof; favorite form of Roman. and Byzantium. architecture, as well as the Renaissance; 2) ladies. top dress, long, sleeveless.

Dictionary of foreign words included in the Russian language. - Pavlenkov F., 1907 .

ROTUNDA

French rotonde, it. rotonda, from lat. rotundus, round. a) A round building with a dome. b) Women's top dress.

Explanation of 25,000 foreign words that have come into use in the Russian language, with the meaning of their roots. - Mikhelson A.D., 1865 .

Rotunda

(it. rotonda lat. rotundus round)

1) archit. a round building covered with a dome, often with columns;

2) women's warm outerwear in the form of a long cape without sleeves, common in the 19th - early. 20th century

New dictionary foreign words.- by EdwART,, 2009 .

Rotunda

rotundas, [ from Latin. rotundus - round]. 1. Round or semicircular small building with a dome (archit.) 2. Outer warm women's clothing without sleeves. Fur rotunda.

Big Dictionary foreign words.- Publishing house "IDDK", 2007 .

Rotunda

s, and. (it. rotonda lat. rotundus round).
1. archit. A round building covered with a dome, often with columns.
|| Wed Belvedere.
2. Women's warm outerwear in the form of a long cape without sleeves (it was common in the 19th - early 20th centuries).
Rotunda- related to rotunda 1, 2, rotundas.
|| Wed mantilla, cape, poncho, talma.

Dictionary foreign words L. P. Krysina.- M: Russian language, 1998 .

See what "ROTONDA" is in other dictionaries:

Rotunda- The Capitol. Washington, USA. ROTONDA (Italian rotonde), a centric building, round in plan, usually topped with a dome. Rotunda of Jefferson. University Virginia, Charlottesville, USA. Rotunda with a fountain. Place Charles de… … Illustrated Encyclopedic Dictionary

Pantheon, martyrium Dictionary of Russian synonyms. rotunda n., number of synonyms: 6 building (45) martyrium ... Synonym dictionary

- (Italian rotonde), a centric structure, a building that is round in plan, usually crowned with a dome ... Modern Encyclopedia

- (Italian rotonda lit. round), 1) a building that is round in plan (temple, mausoleum, pavilion, hall), usually topped with a dome. 2) A long women's cape without sleeves ... Big Encyclopedic Dictionary

ROTONDA, rotunda, for women. (from lat. rotundus round). 1. Round or semi-circular small building with a dome (archit.). 2. Top warm women's clothing without sleeves. Fur roronda. Explanatory Dictionary of Ushakov. D.N. Ushakov. 1935 1940 ... Explanatory Dictionary of Ushakov