Pedigree of Russian tsars from Rurik. Genealogical tree of the Ruriks

4. Nikita Sergeevich Khrushchev (04/17/1894-09/11/1971)

Soviet state and party leader. First Secretary of the Central Committee of the CPSU, Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the USSR from 1958 to 1964. Hero Soviet Union, Three times Hero of Socialist Labor. The first laureate of the Shevchenko Prize, years of government 07.09.1. (Moscow city).

Nikita Sergeevich Khrushchev was born in 1894 in the village of Kalinovka Kursk province in the family of miner Sergei Nikanorovich Khrushchev and Xenia Ivanovna Khrushcheva. In 1908, having moved with his family to the Uspensky mine near Yuzovka, Khrushchev became an apprentice fitter at a factory, then worked as a fitter at a mine and, as a miner, was not taken to the front in 1914. In the early 1920s, he worked in the mines, studied at the working faculty of the Donetsk Industrial Institute. Later he was engaged in economic and party work in the Donbass and Kyiv. From January 1931 he was at party work in Moscow, in the years he was the first secretary of the Moscow regional and city committees of the party - the Moscow Committee and the Moscow City Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks. In January 1938 he was appointed First Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Ukraine. In the same year he became a candidate, and in 1939 - a member of the Politburo.

During the Second World War, Khrushchev served as a political commissar of the highest rank (a member of the military councils of a number of fronts) and in 1943 received the rank of lieutenant general; supervised partisan movement behind the front line. First post-war years headed the government in Ukraine. In December 1947, Khrushchev again headed the Communist Party of Ukraine, becoming the first secretary of the Central Committee of the CP (b) of Ukraine; he held this post until his move to Moscow in December 1949, where he became the first secretary of the Moscow Party Committee and secretary of the Central Committee of the CPSU (b). Khrushchev initiated the consolidation of collective farms (collective farms). After Stalin's death, when the chairman of the council of ministers left the post of secretary of the Central Committee, Khrushchev became the "master" of the party apparatus, although until September 1953 he did not have the title of first secretary. Between March and June 1953, he attempted to seize power. In order to eliminate Beria, Khrushchev entered into an alliance with Malenkov. In September 1953, he took the post of First Secretary of the Central Committee of the CPSU. In June 1953, a struggle for power began between Malenkov and Khrushchev, in which Khrushchev won. In early 1954, he announced the start of a grandiose program for the development of virgin lands in order to increase grain production, and in October of that year he headed the Soviet delegation in Beijing.

The most striking event in Khrushchev's career was the 20th Congress of the CPSU, held in 1956. At a closed meeting, Khrushchev condemned Stalin, accusing him of mass extermination of people and an erroneous policy that almost ended in the liquidation of the USSR in the war with Nazi Germany. The result of this report was unrest in the countries of the Eastern bloc - Poland (October 1956) and Hungary (October and November 1956). In June 1957, the Presidium (formerly the Politburo) of the Central Committee of the CPSU organized a conspiracy to remove Khrushchev from the post of First Secretary of the Party. After his return from Finland, he was invited to a meeting of the Presidium, which, by seven votes to four, demanded his resignation. Khrushchev convened a Plenum of the Central Committee, which overturned the decision of the Presidium and dismissed the "anti-Party group" of Molotov, Malenkov and Kaganovich. He strengthened the Presidium with his supporters, and in March 1958 he took the post of Chairman of the Council of Ministers, taking all the main levers of power into his own hands. In September 1960, Khrushchev visited the United States as head of the Soviet delegation to the UN General Assembly. During the assembly, he managed to hold large-scale negotiations with the heads of governments of a number of countries. His report to the Assembly contained calls for general disarmament, the immediate elimination of colonialism, and the admission of China to the UN. During the summer of 1961 the Soviet foreign policy became more and more rigid, and in September the USSR broke a three-year moratorium on nuclear weapons testing by conducting a series of explosions. On October 14, 1964, Khrushchev was relieved of his duties as First Secretary of the CPSU Central Committee and a member of the Presidium of the CPSU Central Committee by the Plenum of the Central Committee of the CPSU. He was succeeded, becoming First Secretary of the Communist Party, and becoming Chairman of the Council of Ministers. After 1964, Khrushchev, while retaining his seat on the Central Committee, was essentially retired. Khrushchev died in Moscow on September 11, 1971.

Which has almost twenty tribes of the rulers of Rus', descended from Rurik. This historical character was born presumably between 806 and 808 in the city of Rerik (Rarog). In 808, when Rurik was 1-2 years old, the possessions of his father, Godolub, were captured by the Danish king Gottfried, and the future Russian prince became half an orphan. Together with his mother Umila, he ended up in a foreign land. And his childhood years are not mentioned anywhere. He is supposed to have taken them to Slavic lands. There is information that in 826 he arrived at the court of the Frankish king, where he received an allotment of land "beyond the Elbe", in fact the land of his murdered father, but as a vassal of the Frankish ruler. In the same period, Rurik, it is believed, was baptized. Later, after the deprivation of these allotments, Rurik entered the Varangian squad and fought in Europe, by no means as an exemplary Christian.

Prince Gostomysl saw the future dynasty in a dream

Rurik, family tree whom, as the legend says, grandfather Rurik (Umila's father) saw in a dream, made a decisive contribution to the development of Rus' and Russian state, since they ruled from 862 to 1598. The prophetic dream of the old Gostomysl, the ruler of Novgorod, showed just that from "the womb of his daughter a wonderful tree will sprout, which will saturate the people in his lands." This was another "plus" in favor of inviting Rurik with his strong retinue at a time when civil strife was observed in the Novgorod lands, and the people were suffering from the attack of third-party tribes.

The foreign origin of Rurik can be disputed

Thus, it can be argued that the family tree of the Rurik dynasty began not with foreigners, but with a person who belonged to the Novgorod nobility by blood, who long years fought in other countries, had his own squad and the age allowed to lead the people. At the time of Rurik's invitation to Novgorod in 862, he was about 50 years old - a fairly respectable age at that time.

Tree leaned on with Norway?

How did the genealogical tree of the Rurikoviches form further? A complete picture of this is given in the image given in the review. After the death of the first ruler of Rus' from this dynasty (that there were rulers in the Russian lands before him, the Book of Veles testifies), power passed to his son Igor. However, due to the young age of the new ruler, Oleg ("Prophetic"), who was the brother of Rurik's wife, Efanda, acted as his guardian, which is allowed. The latter was related to the kings of Norway.

Princess Olga was the co-ruler of Rus' under her son Svyatoslav

The only son of Rurik, Igor, who was born in 877 and killed by the Drevlyans in 945, is known for pacifying the tribes subordinate to him, went on a campaign to Italy (together with the Greek fleet), tried to take Constantinople with a flotilla of ten thousand ships, was the first military commander Rus, who encountered in battle and from whom he fled in horror. His wife, Princess Olga, who married Igor from Pskov (or Pleskov, which may indicate the Bulgarian city of Pliskuvot), cruelly avenged the Drevlyan tribes that killed her husband, and became the ruler of Rus' while Igor's son Svyatoslav was growing up. However, after the age of her offspring, Olga also remained the ruler, since Svyatoslav was mainly engaged in military campaigns and remained in history as a great commander and conqueror.

The family tree of the Rurik dynasty, in addition to the main ruling line, had many branches that became famous for unseemly deeds. For example, the son of Svyatoslav, Yaropolk, fought against his brother Oleg, who was killed in battle. His own son from a Byzantine princess, Svyatopolk the Accursed, was something like the biblical Cain, as he killed the sons of Vladimir (another son of Svyatoslav) - Boris and Gleb, who were his brothers by adoptive father. Another son of Vladimir - Yaroslav the Wise - dealt with Svyatopolk himself and became the prince of Kyiv.

Bloody civil strife and marriages with all of Europe

It can be safely asserted that the family tree of Rurikovich is partially “saturated” with bloody events. The scheme shows that the reigning from, presumably, a second marriage with Ingigerda (daughter of the Swedish king) had many children, including six sons who were rulers of various Russian destinies and married foreign princesses (Greek, Polish). And three daughters who became queens of Hungary, Sweden and France also by marriage. In addition, Yaroslav is credited with the presence of the seventh son from his first wife, who was taken into Polish captivity from Kiev (Anna, son of Ilya), as well as the daughter of Agatha, who, presumably, could be the wife of the heir to the throne of England, Edward (the Exile).

Perhaps the distance of the sisters and interstate marriages somewhat reduced the struggle for power in this generation of Rurikovich, since most of the reign of Yaroslav's son Izyaslav in Kiev was accompanied by a peaceful division of his power with the brothers Vsevolod and Svyatoslav (the triumvirate of Yaroslavovich). However, this ruler of Rus' also died in battle against his own nephews. And the father of the next famous ruler of the Russian state, Vladimir Monomakh, was Vsevolod, married to the daughter of the Byzantine emperor Constantine Monomakh the Ninth.

There were rulers with fourteen children in the Rurik family!

The Rurik family tree with dates shows us that this outstanding dynasty was continued for many years to come by the descendants of Vladimir Monomakh, while the genealogies of the other grandchildren of Yaroslav the Wise ceased in the next hundred to one hundred and fifty years. Prince Vladimir, historians believe, had twelve children by two wives, the first of whom was an English princess in exile, and the second, presumably, a Greek woman. Of this numerous offspring, reigning in Kyiv were: Mstislav (until 1125), Yaropolk, Vyacheslav and Yuri Vladimirovich (Dolgoruky). The latter was also distinguished by fertility and gave birth to fourteen children from two wives, including Vsevolod the Third (Big Nest), nicknamed so, again, for the large number of offspring - eight sons and four daughters.

What outstanding Rurikoviches are known to us? The family tree, extending further from Vsevolod the Big Nest, contains such eminent names as Alexander Nevsky (grandson of Vsevolod, son of Yaroslav II), Michael the Second Saint (canonized by the Russian Orthodox Church in connection with the incorruptibility of the relics of the murdered prince), John Kalita, who gave birth to John the Meek, who, in turn, was born Dmitry Donskoy.

Terrible representatives of the dynasty

The Rurikoviches, whose genealogical tree ceased to exist at the end of the 16th century (1598), included in their ranks the great Tsar John the Fourth, the Terrible. This ruler strengthened autocratic power and significantly expanded the territory of Rus' by annexing the Trans-Volga, Pyatigorsk, Siberian, Kazan and Astrakhan kingdoms. He had eight wives, who bore him five sons and three daughters, including his successor on the throne, Theodore (Blessed). This son of John was, as expected, weak in health and perhaps in intellect. He was more interested in prayers, the ringing of bells, the tales of jesters, than power. Therefore, during his reign, power belonged to his brother-in-law, Boris Godunov. And subsequently, after the death of Fedor, they completely passed to this statesman.

Was the first of the reigning Romanovs a relative of the last Rurikovich?

The family tree of the Rurikids and the Romanovs, however, has some points of contact, despite the fact that the only daughter of Theodore the Blessed died at the age of 9 months, around 1592-1594. Mikhail Fedorovich Romanov - the first of the new dynasty, was crowned in 1613 Zemsky Cathedral, and came from the family of the boyar Fyodor Romanov (later - Patriarch Filaret) and the noblewoman Xenia Shestova. He was a cousin-nephew (to Blessed), so we can say that the Romanov dynasty to some extent continues the Rurik dynasty.

A highly developed, clearly perceived ethnic self-identification (“we are from the Russian family”), must have been accompanied by the cult of a common ancestor.

Historical research in this direction is hampered by the fact that the most ancient genealogy of Russian princes was subsequently subjected to significant distortions and rethinking in the spirit of the "Varangian" legend. Meanwhile, in the IX - X centuries. Rurik was not listed among the founders of the princes of the Russian land *. This name was not in use among the descendants of Igor until the second half of the 11th century. and not a single written monument of the pre-Mongolian era, including the chronicle, calls the Russian princes by the collective name Rurikovichi. The "Varangian" legend was accepted by the princes "from the Russian family", so to speak, with the mind, and not with the heart.

*For historical criticism this conclusion is obvious. If V.O. Klyuchevsky still hesitated, referring the calling of the Varangian princes to the "dark traditions" of our chronicle ( Klyuchevsky V. O. Works in nine vols. M., 1989. T. I. S. 145), then D.I. Ilovaisky already completely rejected in the annalistic legend about the calling of Rurik any historical background (Ilovaisky D.I. Russian history. Part I. M., 1876. S. 19 - 25). Historians of the 20th century expressed even more clearly. E.F. Shmurlo called the chronicle genealogy "a fairy tale-legend" ( Shmurlo E.F. Russian history course. The emergence and formation of the Russian state (862 - 1462). Ed. 2nd, rev. T. 1. SPb., 1999. S. 73). S. P. Tolstov and M. N. Tikhomirov were sure that “we have, undoubtedly, a deliberately falsified genealogy” ( Tolstov S.P. ancient history USSR in the coverage of Vernadsky // Questions of history. No. 4. 1946. P. 12 2). B.A. Rybakov considered chronicle genealogy to be "primitively artificial" ( Rybakov B.A. The world of history. The initial centuries of Russian history. M., 1987. S. 65). For A.L. Nikitina Rurik - “only a legend and, like Lieutenant Kizhe, in Rus'“ has no figure ”( Nikitin A.L. Foundations of Russian history. M., 2000. S. 164).

Along with the "Varangian" genealogical ladder, in ancient Rus' there was another, alternative, according to which the dynastic roots of the Russian princes went much deeper than the second half of the 9th century. This original, "pre-Rurik" tradition, apparently oral, peeped through the written monuments of the Kyiv period only once - in the expressions "Vseslavl's grandchildren" And "Life of Vseslavl"(that is, “the property of Vseslav”), used by the author of “The Tale of Igor’s Campaign” in relation to all Russian princes and the Russian land, respectively: “Yaroslav and all the grandchildren of Vseslavl! I will glorify life." This is the only collective genealogical formula left from that time.

A literal reading of the expressions “Yaroslav and all the grandchildren of Vseslavl” and “the life of Vseslavl” does not clarify anything, but, on the contrary, gives rise to new, insoluble questions. The assumption that the author of the Lay in this fragment means some specific individuals of its time, faced a number of difficulties. So, it is impossible to personify "Yaroslav". Chernigov Prince Yaroslav Vsevolodovich is an unsuitable candidate, because, according to the annals, he became guilty of “guiding the filthy” on the Russian land only in 1195 and 1196, that is, ten or eleven years after the campaign of Igor Svyatoslavich. In addition, he is mentioned in the “golden word” of Svyatoslav Vsevolodovich (“And I no longer see the power [strength] of my strong and rich and many-time brother Yaroslav with Chernigov bylyas [boyars] ...”), and not among the princes to whom the author’s a call to avenge "for the wounds of Igor". Among the latter, however, there is the Galician prince Yaroslav Vladimirovich (Osmomysl), but the chronicle does not know of any black deeds behind him, including treacherous relations with the Polovtsians.

The identification of the “grandson of the Vseslavovs” with the grandchildren of the Polotsk prince Vseslav Bryachislavich also looks extremely controversial. It has been noted, in particular, that the words “grandson”, “grandchildren” are found in the “Word” six times, “and only once (“Igor ... grandson of Olgov”) unconditionally in the meaning of “son of a son”, from which a reasonable conclusion follows that “These sayings (“Vneslavl’s grandchildren” and “Vseslavl’s life.” - S.Ts.) have nothing to do with Vseslav Bryachislavich” ( Encyclopedia "Words about Igor's Campaign". T. 1. A-B. SPb., 1995. S. 216, 261).

“Because with your sedition, you’re bringing filth on the Russian land, on the life of Vseslavl” - a strange reproach. The indignant appeal of the author of the Lay does not at all fit into the historical situation of the end of the 12th century, when the family feud between the Yaroslavichs and the Vseslavichs had already ceased to be the living nerve of the princely strife due to the division of the Yaroslavichs into two warring clans - the Monomashichs and the Olgoviches, who, in fact, "incited filthy ”to the Russian land during the lifetime of the author of the Lay. But the initiative in using the Polovtsian force to settle princely strife belonged, of course, not to the Monomashichs, not to the Olgovichs, and even more so not to the grandchildren of Vseslav of Polotsk, to whom the chronicle generally assigns a very modest place in the fratricidal wars of that time. The phrase "you, with your sedition, will bring filthy things to the Russian land" in relation to the princes of the second half of the 12th century. looks like an obvious anachronism.

Even more surprising is the posthumous patronage of Vseslav Polotsky over the Russian land, which suddenly turns out to be "Vseslav's property." Meanwhile, this prince sat on the Kiev table for a very short time, only about a year (from 1068 to 1069), and, strictly speaking, not at all on legitimate grounds, being, in fact, a protege of the rebellious Kievans. With the exception of this short-term episode, his real power over the Russian land never went beyond the borders of the Polotsk principality.

Therefore, instead of “Yaroslav”, one should undoubtedly read “Yaroslavl”, as D.S. Likhachev suggested in his time, that is: “Yaroslavichi and all the grandchildren of Vseslavov”. This amendment eliminates all absurdities and contradictions in reading and makes this expression perfectly intelligible.

Obviously, the expression “Yaroslavl and all the grandchildren of Vseslavl” is nothing more than a universal and generally recognized genealogical formula, equally suitable for the present and for the past (the author pronounces it now, referring to the living Russian princes, but wants to talk about the historical sins of their grandfathers who lived in the second half of the 11th century and were guilty of the ruin of the Russian land: Vseslavl life "*). Moreover, it is important to note that the “Yaroslavichs” in this formula turn out to be only a part of “all the grandchildren of the Vseslavlevs”. Therefore, some other "grandchildren" are not named after their generic name. However, their incognito is revealed without difficulty. In the second half of the XI century. Polotsk princes, descendants of Prince Izyaslav Vladimirovich (died in 1001), the son of Vladimir I and Rogneda, openly opposed themselves to the Yaroslavichs - the offspring of Yaroslav I Vladimirovich. There was a branching of the grand ducal family. The princes of Polotsk separated themselves and considered themselves to be a separate branch of it - “Rogvolozhy grandchildren”, Rogvolozhichs, who were constantly at enmity with the Yaroslavichs (due to the massacre of Vladimir I Svyatoslavich over Rogneda and her father, Rogvolod), raising, according to the chronicler, “the sword against Yaroslavl’s grandson ". Thus, the expression "Yaroslavl and all the grandchildren of Vseslavl" means all the male offspring of Vladimir I Svyatoslavich - the Yaroslavichs and the Rogvolozhichs.

* According to the chronicle, the first (in 1078) invited the Polovtsy under the Russian banners were Prince Oleg Svyatoslavich of Chernigov and Prince Boris Vyacheslavich of Smolensk - both "Yaroslavl", grandsons of Yaroslav I.

Now we see that the exclamation "Yaroslavl and all the grandchildren of Vseslavl!" can mean only one thing: "Yaroslavichi and all Russian princes!"

Who is this Vseslav, at the end of the XII century. listed among the progenitors of the Russian princes?

We note an important circumstance: the activity of Vseslav is timed in the "Word" to the times of Troyan: "In the seventh century [century] Trojans [cast] Vseslav lots for the girl he loves"*. The place of the “Troyan Ages” in historical time was defined by the author of the “Lay” as follows: “There were eve [ages, times] of Trojan, the summer of Yaroslavl passed; there were parades [regiments, that is, campaigns, wars] Olgovy, Olga Svyatoslavlich [grandson of Yaroslav I, mind. in 1115]".

* “Lyuba maiden” Vseslava is Kiev, as it is clear from the following phrase: “You stick with sticks, windows and jump to the city of Kiev and finish the gold of the table of Kiev ...”, that is: relying on your “sticks” (“cunning”, prophetic wisdom), jumped on a horse and rushed to Kiev, touched the golden table of Kiev with a spear.

According to this periodization, the “ages of Trojan” precede the time of the “grandfathers”, thus coinciding with pagan era*. In ancient Russian sources, including modern "The Tale of Igor's Campaign", the name of Troyan is an ancient Slavic deity. Thus, the Old Russian insertion into the apocryphal “Walking of the Virgin through the Torments”, whose Slavic manuscripts date back to the 12th century, convicts the pagans that they “nicknamed the gods: the sun and the moon, the earth and water, animals and reptiles ... from the stone that arrangement of Troyan , Khorsa, Veles, Perun". In another ancient Russian anti-pagan work (from the Tolstoy collection of the 16th century), the pagans "think of many gods: Perun and Khors, Dyi and Troyan." A. N. Afanasyev expressed the opinion that the name Troyan was formed from the word "three", "three" ( Afanasiev A.N. Myths, beliefs and superstitions of the Slavs. T. 2. M., 2002. S. 497, 607 - 609). The ancient Russian Troyan can be connected with a pagan deity, known among the Pomeranian Slavs and the Czechs under the name Triglav (Triglav was also called sacred mountain in the land of Horutan). The most revered idol of Triglav stood in Pomeranian Szczetyn, in the "three-horned" (three-towered) castle. Dominion over three kingdoms was attributed to this deity: heaven, earth and the underworld, symbolically corresponding to the three roots of the world tree. In Serbian folklore, there is a legend about King Trojan, comparable to the Russian fairy tale about the Snow Maiden (the unfortunate king in love also dies from the sun's rays). The affinity of Troyan with Triglav, among other things, is evident from the fact that goat heads were offered as a sacrifice, and the Serbian fairy tale endows King Troyan with goat ears and three heads. In other versions of this fairy-tale plot, the place of King Trojan is taken by a snake - among the Slavs, as you know, a creature usually with three heads. Most likely, Trojan hiding from the sun was the deity of the underworld, Night. However, another interpretation of his name and position in the divine pantheon of the Slavs is also possible. Ukrainian language retained the adjective Trojan in the sense of "father of three sons" (triplets) ( Vernadsky G.V. Kievan Rus. Tver; Moscow, 2001, p. 62). Then Troyan can be considered the parent of some divine triad of brothers.

* Fascinated by the seductive consonance, most commentators make the mistake of seeing in the "ages of Trojans" a hint of the wars of the Roman emperor Trajan in Dacia or even a vague memory of Trojan War. There is no need to prove that neither event made an epoch in Slavic history and therefore could not remain in ancient Russian folklore.

From a literal reading of the text of the Lay, it turns out that Prince Vseslav of Polotsk decided to get himself a Kiev table in the pagan “times of Trojan”, even before the “summers of Yaroslavl” and “Olgova’s pults” had passed, in other words, long before his birth. There is a merging of two Vseslavs - historical and legendary *, or, more precisely, there is every reason to believe that when describing the personality and activities of the Polotsk prince Vseslav Bryachislavich, the author of the Lay used artistic imagery and stylistic devices taken from the once-existing epic about his ancient namesake .

* A.L. Nikitin saw in Vseslav a character of “a completely unknown pan-Slavic epic”, “a mythical pan-Slavic hero or progenitor (“Vse-glory”)”, which in the mind of the poet of the late XII century. "merged with the image of his contemporary Polotsk prince Vseslav Bryachislavich, thanks to which the latter turned out to be shrouded in a veil of mystery and magic" ( Nikitin A.L. Foundations of Russian history. S. 454; He is. "The Tale of Igor's Campaign". Texts. Events. People. Research and articles. M., 1998. S. 185).

Thanks to the works of A. N. Veselovsky ( Veselovsky A.N. Epics about Volkh Vseslavich and poems about Ortnit // Russian folklore. SPb., 1993. T. 27) and S. N. Azbelev ( Azbelev S.N. Traditions about the most ancient princes of Rus' according to the records of the 11th - 20th centuries. // Slavic traditional culture And modern world. M., 1997. Issue. 1), this "old" Vseslav is today in the field of historical vision. The oldest generational painting of Russian princes “before Rurik” is contained in the Joachim Chronicle. Rurik is assigned only a third-rate role here. This genealogy opens with the name of Prince Vladimir, but at the mention of the reign of his father, from whom, in fact, the princely “knees” are counted. Before Gostomysl, the predecessor of Rurik, there were 14 generations of princes. Since in the most ancient genealogies the reign of one "tribe" was given an average of 25 years, the reign of Vladimir's father falls at the beginning of the 5th century - the era of the Great Migration of Nations. Ascending also to the 5th century. the German saga of Tidrek of Bern (that is, of Verona) depicts the fierce struggle of the Gothic king Theodoric Amal (Tidrek of Bern) with the Russian "King Valdemar", whose father is named Vseslav (Old German Gertnit). Both German and Russian sources speak of the same person - the "Russian" ruler of the Slavic Pomerania (among the peoples subject to Gertnit / Vseslav, the saga names "Viltins", that is, Velets / Lyutichs). Comparison of these news with the common at the end of the XII century. The genealogical formula “grandchildren of Vseslavl” shows that the princes of the Russian land were descended from one of the princely families of the Baltic Rus, the progenitor of which was considered the semi-legendary Vseslav, the father of who lived in the 5th century. Prince Vladimir.

As a result, a genuine ancient Russian genealogical tradition opens up before us, according to which any representative of the grand-ducal family*. At the same time, the Russian land (as, perhaps, any of them) was still at the end of the 12th century. was known as the “life of Vseslavleva”, that is, the princely property of Vseslav - the great-grandfather-patron of all princes “from the Russian family”.

* Subsequently, the patronymic Vseslavich was fixed in epics and some chronicles for one Vladimir I (see: Moiseeva G.N. Who are they - "grandchildren of Vseslavl" in "The Tale of Igor's Campaign" // Studies in ancient and new literature. L., 1987. S. 158) - probably due to his exceptional role in Russian history and historical association with the glorious Vladimir Vseslavich of the 5th century.

With an interactive genealogical tree of Rurikovich for 20 tribes.

Warning

This project is not historical research, but just a visualization of information from Wikipedia. I would love to hear comments and advice from professional historians.

Authors

You need to decide what template to call all the princes. Now everything is different, either the city is indicated with a comma (Mstislav, Volyn), or as a nickname / surname (Igor Volynsky). Sometimes these nicknames are generally accepted, sometimes not. It is probably reasonable to give names of the form first name-patronymic-years of life. What are some recommendations? It is clear that everything should be uniform. Of course, people with stable and well-known nicknames (Yaroslav the Wise, Ivan Kalita, Dmitry Donskoy, Alexander Nevsky, Ivan the Terrible, Vsevolod the Big Nest) should be referred to by their most common title. Danilovich/Daniilovich? Semyon/Simeon?

Optimize the vertical distance between brothers. Now it is too large with 4-5 shown knees, and too small with a fully deployed scheme. Perhaps allow the user to change this value by dragging the slider.

Optimize distance and horizontally. From Rurik to Igor, the line turns out to be too long - their names are short.

By clicking on the childless prince, nothing happens now (only placing him in the center). Make sure that when you click on a childless child, he hides in the parent. At the same time, according to appearance parent, it should be clear that its offspring are not shown in full. For example, draw inside his mug plus.

Possibility to call the menu by right clicking on princes with items:

• Highlight the prince (so that you can see the whole tree and not lose the selected princes)
• Highlight the line from prince to Rurik