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He went to the room assigned to him. Lesson topic

At about seven o'clock in the evening some of the guests wanted to go, but the host, cheered up by the punch, ordered the gates to be locked and announced that no one would be allowed out of the yard until the next morning. Soon the music boomed, the doors to the hall opened, and the ball began. The owner and his entourage sat in a corner, drinking glass after glass and admiring the cheerfulness of the youth. The old ladies were playing cards. Cavaliers, as elsewhere, where no uhlan brigade lodgings, was less than ladies, all the men fit for it were recruited. The teacher was different from everyone, he danced more than anyone, all the young ladies chose him and found that it was very clever to waltz with him. Several times he circled with Marya Kirilovna, and the young ladies mockingly noticed them. Finally, around midnight, the tired host stopped dancing, ordered supper to be served, and went to bed himself.

The absence of Kiril Petrovich gave society more freedom and liveliness. The gentlemen dared to take their place beside the ladies. The girls laughed and whispered with their neighbors; the ladies were talking loudly across the table. The men drank, argued and laughed - in a word, the dinner was extremely cheerful and left behind many pleasant memories.

Only one person did not participate in the general joy: Anton Pafnutich sat gloomy and silent in his place, ate absently and seemed extremely restless. Talk of robbers excited his imagination. We shall soon see that he had good reason to fear them.

Anton Pafnutich, calling the Lord to witness that his red box was empty, did not lie and did not sin: the red box was definitely empty, the money that had once been stored in it passed into a leather bag that he wore on his chest under his shirt. It was only by this precaution that he calmed his distrust of everyone and his eternal fear. Being forced to spend the night in someone else's house, he was afraid that they would not take him overnight somewhere in a secluded room where thieves could easily get in, he looked for a reliable comrade with his eyes and finally chose Deforge. His appearance, revealing his strength, and even more so, the courage he showed when meeting with a bear, which poor Anton Pafnutich could not remember without a shudder, decided his choice. When they got up from the table, Anton Pafnutich began to circle around the young Frenchman, grunting and clearing his throat, and finally turned to him with an explanation.

Hm, hm, is it possible, monsieur, to spend the night in your kennel, because if you please see ...

Anton Pafnutich, very pleased with his information during French, went immediately to dispose of.

The guests began to say goodbye to each other, and each went to the room assigned to him. And Anton Pafnutich went with the teacher to the wing. The night was dark. Deforge illuminated the road with a lantern, Anton Pafnutich followed him quite cheerfully, occasionally clutching a hidden bag to his chest in order to make sure that his money was still with him.

Arriving in the wing, the teacher lit a candle, and both began to undress; meanwhile Anton Pafnutitch was pacing up and down the room, examining the locks and windows, and shaking his head at this disappointing inspection. The doors were locked with a single bolt, the windows did not yet have double frames. He tried to complain about that to Desforges, but his knowledge of French was too limited for such complex explanation; the Frenchman did not understand him, and Anton Pafnutich was forced to leave his complaints. Their beds stood one against the other, both lay down, and the teacher put out the candle.

Purqua in touch, purqua in touch? , - Anton Pafnutich shouted, conjugating the Russian verb carcass in half with a sin in the French way. - I can not dormir in the dark. - Deforge did not understand his exclamations and wished him good night.

Damned basurman, - Spitsyn muttered, wrapping himself in a blanket. He needed to put out the candle. He's worse. I can't sleep without fire. “Monsieur, monsieur,” he continued, “ve avek vu parle.” But the Frenchman did not answer, and soon began to snore.

“The Frenchman is snoring,” thought Anton Pafnutich, “but sleep doesn’t enter my mind. Togo and look the thieves will enter open doors or they will climb in the window, and you won’t get him, the beast, even with guns.

Monsieur! ah, monsieur! devil take you.

Anton Pafnutich fell silent, fatigue and wine vapors gradually overcame his timidity, he began to doze, and soon a deep sleep took possession of him completely.

A strange awakening was preparing for him. He felt through his sleep that someone was gently tugging at his shirt collar. Anton Pafnutich opened his eyes and, in the moonlight of an autumn morning, he saw Deforge in front of him: the Frenchman held a pocket pistol in one hand, unfastening his cherished bag with the other. Anton Pafnutich froze.

Kes ke se, monsieur, kes ke ce,” he said in a trembling voice.

Hush, be silent, - the teacher answered in pure Russian, - be silent or you are lost. I am Dubrovsky.

What would you like? (fr.)

I want to sleep with you (fr.).

Do me a favor, sir ... if you please, arrange accordingly (fr.).

Why are you extinguishing, why are you extinguishing? (fr.)

Sleep (fr.).

I want to talk to you (fr.).

What is it, sir, what is it (fr.).

Unfortunately, to all those who forgot to show me the exercise in workbook, with a sad face and sadness in my heart, I put up deuces ...
Nothing set for Wednesday except to learn theoretical material, pay off debts and start (continue) individual notebooks, which I plan to collect from November 11 to November 18 ... Take a break and put your brains in order :-). But wishing to work out And fix ratings !

1. Reflexive verbs intransitive
wash your face- "wash yourself" comb your hair- brush yourself ponder- think to yourself
I remembered mother Vasily
The kid obeyed his mother
Waited for my sister

Does the baby obey the mother?
The peculiarity of the sentence put in the title lies in the fact that it is built in violation of an elementary grammatical rule: the form of the accusative case without a preposition can only be used with transitive verbs (this is their peculiarity in any language), but in our example the verb with the suffix -sya, which is intransitive. We find the same in sentences Children were afraid of a strict mother; Everyone was waiting for Anna Ivanovna, in which after the intransitive verb, instead of the genitive case form, the accusative case form is used.
And yet such "wrong" sentences are legitimized in colloquial speech and penetrate into the artistic style. Colloquial speech has its own norms, often not coinciding with the norms of book speech: D Everyone was afraid of the poison (N. Leskov); Are you waiting for Grisha? (F. Dostoevsky); Pavlik... loves and obeys Valya. But Laura does not obey (V. Oseeva).

The main members of a sentence are the subject and the predicate.
Subject
The subject is main member sentences that are related to the predicate and answer questions nominative case Who? or what?
Ways of expressing the subject
1. Noun in the nominative case (or another part of speech used in the meaning of a noun)
The blizzard moved in immediately. (N. Ostrovsky) The participants discussed the agenda.
2.Pronoun in the nominative case Each went to the room assigned to him.
(A. Pushkin)
3. indefinite form verb Protecting nature means protecting the Motherland.
(TO . Paustovsky)
4. Phraseologisms In the field went from small to large.
5. C proper name A wide strip, from edge to edge, stretched Milky Way. (V. Arseniev)
6. Syntactically complete phrase My friend and I went quietly to our attic.
(M. Gorky)

Predicate
Predicate- this is the main member of the sentence, which is associated with the subject and answers the questions what does the subject do? what happens to him? what is he? and etc.
The predicate is expressed by the verb in the form of one of the moods.
WITH the predicate can be simple and compound.
A predicate expressed by one verb in the form of a mood is called simple verb predicate.
In simple verbal predicate lexical and grammatical meanings are expressed in one word. The predicate expresses the nature of the movement; at the same time, verbs indicate a real action.

A compound is such a predicate, in which lexical and grammatical meanings are expressed in different words.
The compound predicate can be verbal and nominal. It consists of two parts: one part (copy) expresses the grammatical meaning of the predicate, the other (verbal and nominal) - the main lexical meaning of the predicate. As connectives, there are the verb to be and auxiliary verbs.

Entering the room, he saw Anna where he had left her.
1. Entering the room, he saw Fleur where he had left her. 2. She really looked better than the last time he saw her. Yes, she has changed. 3. They had not gone ten steps when they met an old friend. 4. The next morning, when she had already prepared breakfast for herself, her school friends came to her. 5. When the guests left, she entered the living room and turned off the light.6. She sat on the couch and thought why the letter from her father had not yet arrived.7. He remembered Kyiv, which he knew before the war. 8. I didn't know when he left. 9. Before he finished the story, the door opened and the father entered. 10. Some time passed before they realized that he had nothing to say. 11. Arriving home, he found out that his sister had just left. 12. He had not met Anna before, but knew something about her. 13. She had finished packing by the time her sister knocked on the door. 14. Four weeks have passed since the day his brother left for Moscow. 15. When everyone left, she went to the phone and quickly dialed the number. 16. When my parents returned, I showed them what I had done.17. Mom tried to calm me down after everyone left. 18. On the way home, he tried to remember when he last saw Anna. 19. Before he had time to go to the door, he met his school friends. 20. He again returned to Moscow, where he lived with his parents since childhood. 21. When they finally parted, he returned to the room and went straight to the table. 22. I have not even thought about the sea since I returned to my hometown.23. It was much colder than she expected. She had to put on a coat. 24. He was no longer such a strong person as I imagined him. 25. I looked at the clock. It's been half an hour since we left the cinema. 26. When he finished working, he sat down on the sofa and began to read the newspaper.27. She got up before the children came into the bedroom. 28. When everyone left, I carefully closed the door. 29. I was hungry. I haven't eaten anything since morning. 30. He did not remember his name and did not remember that he had ever met him before.

Entering the room, he saw Anna where he had left her. 1. Entering the room, he saw Fleur where he had left her. 2. She really looked better than the last time he saw her. Yes, she has changed. 3. They had not gone ten steps when they met an old friend. 4. The next morning, when she had already prepared breakfast for herself, her school friends came to her. 5. When the guests left, she entered the living room and turned off the light.6. She sat on the couch and thought why the letter from her father had not yet arrived.7. He remembered Kyiv, which he knew before the war. 8. I didn't know when he left. 9. Before he finished the story, the door opened and the father entered. 10. Some time passed before they realized that he had nothing to say. 11. Arriving home, he found out that his sister had just left. 12. He had not met Anna before, but knew something about her. 13. She had finished packing by the time her sister knocked on the door. 14. Four weeks have passed since the day his brother left for Moscow. 15. When everyone left, she went to the phone and quickly dialed the number. 16. When my parents returned, I showed them what I had done.17. Mom tried to calm me down after everyone left. 18. On the way home, he tried to remember when he last saw Anna. 19. Before he had time to go to the door, he met his school friends. 20. He again returned to Moscow, where he lived with his parents since childhood. 21. When they finally parted, he returned to the room and went straight to the table. 22. I have not even thought about the sea since I returned to my hometown.23. It was much colder than she expected. She had to put on a coat. 24. He was no longer such a strong person as I imagined him. 25. I looked at the clock. It's been half an hour since we left the cinema. 26. When he finished working, he sat down on the sofa and began to read the newspaper.27. She got up before the children came into the bedroom. 28. When everyone left, I carefully closed the door. 29. I was hungry. I haven't eaten anything since morning. 30. He did not remember his name and did not remember that he had ever met him before.

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Detect Language Klingon (pIqaD) Azerbaijani Albanian English Arabic Armenian Afrikaans Basque Belarusian Bengali Bulgarian Bosnian Welsh Hungarian Vietnamese Galician Greek Georgian Gujarati Danish Zulu Hebrew Igbo Yiddish Indonesian Irish Icelandic Spanish Italian Yoruba Kazakh Kannada Catalan Chinese Chinese Traditional Korean Creo English (Haiti) Khmer Lao Latin Latvian Lithuanian Macedonian Malagasy Malay Malayalam Maltese Maori Marathi Mongolian German Nepali Dutch Norwegian Punjabi Persian Polish Portuguese Romanian Russian Cebuan Serbian Sesotho Slovak Slovenian Swahili Sudanese Tagalog Thai Tamil Telugu Turkish Uzbek Ukrainian Urdu Finnish French Hausa Hindi Hmong Choir Watian Chewa Czech Swedish Esperanto Estonian Javanese Japanese Klingon (pIqaD listen)) Azerbaijani Albanian English Arabic Armenian Afrikaans Basque Belarusian Bengali Bulgarian Bosnian Welsh Hungarian Vietnamese Galician Greek Georgian Gujarati Danish Zulu Hebrew Igbo Yiddish Indonesian Irish Icelandic Spanish Italian Yoruba Kazakh Kannada Catalan Chinese Chinese Traditional Korean Creole (Haiti) Khmer La Ossian Latin Latvian Lithuanian Macedonian Malagasy Malay Malayalam Maltese Maori Marathi Mongolian German Nepali Dutch Norwegian Punjabi Persian Polish Portuguese Romanian Russian Cebuan Serbian Sesotho Slovak Slovenian Swahili Sudanese Tagalog Thai Tamil Telugu Turkish Uzbek Ukrainian Urdu Finnish French Hausa Hindi Hmong Croatian Cheva Czech Swedish Esperanto Estonian Javanese Japanese Source: Target:

On entering the room, he saw Anna, where it left.1. On entering the room, he saw Fleur where it left. 2. She really looked better than the last time he saw it. Yes, it has changed. 3. They have not passed and 10 steps on how to meet an old friend. 4. The next morning, when she has already prepared her own breakfast came to her school friends. 5. When the guests are gone, she went into the living room and turned off the light. 6. He was sitting on the couch and thought why not yet received a letter from his father. 7. He remembered Kiev, which he knew before the war. 8. I don't know when he's gone. 9. Before he finished the story, the door opened and became a father. 10. Took a while before they realized that he had nothing to say. 11. Once home, he learned that his sister had just left. 12. He never met Anna, but knew something about it. 13. She had finished packaging things by the time her sister knocked on the door. 14. It has been four weeks since the day his brother left for Moscow. 15. When all were gone, she went to the phone and quickly picked up the room. 16. When the parents returned, I showed them I did. 17. Mom tried to calm me down, after everyone had gone. 18. on the way home he was trying to remember when he last saw Anna. 19. No sooner had he come to the door, I met high school friends. 20. He returned to Moscow, where he lived with his parents since childhood. 21. When they finally broke up, he returned to the room and went straight to the table. 22. I "m not even thinking about the sea since has returned to his hometown. 23. It was much colder than it had intended. She had to wear a coat. 24. It was not already so strong a man as I imagined. 25. I looked at the clock. After half an hour, as we left the movie. 26. When he finished work, he sat on the couch and began reading newspaper. 27. She stood up before the kids came into the bedroom. 28 .When everyone has left, I carefully closed the door. 29. I was hungry. I hadn "t eaten since morning. 30. He didn't remember his name and didn't remember that he ever met him before.

Upon entering the room, he saw Anna where it left.
1. Upon entering the room, he saw Fleur where it left. 2. It actually looked better than the last time he saw her. Yes, it has changed. 3. They had not gone ten steps met an old friend. 4. On the next morning, when she had made herself breakfast, it came to her school friends. 5. When the guests are gone, she went into the living room and turned off the svet.6. He sat on the couch and thought, why have not I received a letter from ottsa.7. He remembered Kiev, which he knew before the war. 8. I don't know when he left. 9. Before he finished the story, the door opened and in walked my father. 10. It took some time before they realized that he had nothing to say. 11. When he got home, he learned that his sister had just left. 12. He had never met Anna, but something - he knew about it. 13. She came to pack, to the time when her sister knocked on the door. 14. It has been four weeks since the day his brother went to Moscow. 15. When everyone left, she went to the phone and quickly dialed the number. 16. When the parents returned, I showed them that I sdelala.17. My mother tried to calm me down, after everyone had gone. 18. On the way home he was trying to remember when he last saw Anna. 19. He had not come to the door, I met my high school friends. 20. He went back to Moscow, where he lived with his parents since childhood. 21. When they finally parted, he returned to the room and went straight to the table. 22. I did not even think about the sea ever since returned to his native city.23. It was much colder than expected. She had to wear a coat. 24. He was not already so strong man as I had imagined. 25. I looked at the clock. It "s been half an hour, we left the cinema. 26. When he had finished work, he sat down on the sofa and began to read gazetu. 27. She stood before the children came into the bedroom. 28. When everyone left , I gently closed the door. 29. I was hungry. I had not eaten anything since morning. 30. He could not remember his name and did not remember that he ever - ever seen it before.

translating, please wait..

By entering the room, he saw Anna, where its left.
1. By entering the room, he saw gifts where it left. 2. It is indeed looked better than the last time, when he saw her. Yes, it has changed. 3. They have not passed and ten steps, as well as met with an old friend. 4. The following morning, when it had already had arranged a breakfast, it came to her school friends. 5. When the guests have gone, she entered the living room and turned the light.6.He sat on the couch and thought, why has not yet come letter of father.7. He said that he knew before the war. 8. I do not know when he resigned. 9. Before he had graduated from a story, the door opened, and logged into the father. 10. It was some time before they realized that he had nothing to say. 11. On arriving home, he learned that his sister just went. 12. He had previously not a thought Anna, but some - that he knew about it. 13. He pressed himself against her she packed things, By the time, when her sister knocked on the door. 14. It has been four weeks from the day, as his brother had left for Moscow. 15. When all have gone, she came to the phone and quickly dialed the number. 16. Where the parents have returned,

translating, please wait..

Item: Russian language.

Class: 8.

Subject: Subject. Ways of expressing the subject.

Lesson type: lesson learning new material.

The purpose of the lesson:

generalization and deepening of students' knowledge about the subject and ways of expressing it; develop the skills of finding the subject in a sentence; education of the need for practical use of the language in various fields activities

Lesson objectives:

Systematize students' knowledge about the sentence as a syntactic unit;

Improve the ability to determine the grammatical basis of sentences;

Deepen the concept of the subject and ways of expressing it;

Develop the skill of finding the subject in a sentence;

Expand and deepen the subject competence of students;

Raise the need for practical use of the language in various fields of activity.

Planned results:

subject : learn to find, with the help of a question, the grammatical basis of sentences, the subject, expressed in various morphological ways.

Metasubject :

Communicative : listen and hear each other, express their thoughts with sufficient completeness and accuracy in accordance with the tasks and conditions of communication.

Regulatory : independently identify and formulate a cognitive goal, search for and highlight the necessary information.

cognitive : to explain linguistic phenomena, processes, connections and relationships revealed in the course of studying the structure, content and meaning of a word, sentence, text.

Personal : formation of skills of individual and collective research activity.

During the classes.

Teacher activity

Student activities

Organizing time(1 min.)

Good afternoon guys. Outside the window is October, and we have another lesson and, therefore, we must learn something new.

Open your notebooks and write down the date and type of work.

And Vika will go to the board and help us do it right.

Zhukova Vika(writes): October thirteenth - explains the choice of vowel

Actualization of basic knowledge, preparation for the study of new material(5 minutes.)

The game "Third extra" ( slide 1)

Let's find in each group an extra combination of words, do not forget to explain why it is superfluous.

Enjoy the beauty, autumn forest, flying leaves

The beauty of autumn, admire the snowflakes, go fast

The first snow, the trees were exposed, flew around in autumn

Korkunov Ruslan, Oziev Isa, Vedyaskina Natalia

Enjoy beauty - a phrase based on management, the rest are agreements

Go fast - adjacency-based phrase, the rest are controls

The trees are bare - this is an offer

Reporting the topic, purpose and objectives of the lesson(2 minutes.)

How is a sentence different from a phrase?

Kopylov Alexander

The sentence has a grammatical (predicative) basis

What is the grammatical basis of a sentence?

Andrian Alexander

The grammatical basis of a sentence is its core, a reflection of reality.

Right. The grammatical basis of a sentence is an important grammatical phenomenon: without it, the sentence does not exist. That is why we begin any parsing with finding a grammatical basis.

What is the grammatical basis of a sentence?

Zhurbenko Artyom

The grammatical basis of a sentence consists of a subject and a predicate.

What is a subject? What questions does it answer?

Velikanov Maxim

The subject is the main member of the sentence that answers questions. Who? What? And points to the "main" character of the sentence

So, today the subject of our study will be the SUBJECT, about which we seem to know a lot.

Write down the topic of the lesson in your notebook.

(Slide 2)

Write down the topic of the lesson: “Subject. Ways of expressing the subject.

Learning new material(10 min) .

Observation of linguistic material. Ways of expressing the subject (make a table) - handout. Annex 1 .

There are tables on your tables. We need to find the subject in the written sentences and determine how it is expressed. We will write the answer in the left column of the table.

way of expression

Examples

Noun in the nominative case

Blizzard moved up immediately. densely went snow.

Pronoun in the nominative case

I rode in the evening alone on a cross-country droshky.

Every went to the room assigned to him.

Nobody of the relatives did not sleep that night.

Adjective

Participle

numeral

Interjection

well-fed does not understand the hungry.

Gathered discussed the agenda.

Seven one is not expected.

Loud hooray rolled over the square.

Infinitive

Understand means to sympathize.

Phraseologism

Out in the field from small to large.

Compound integral name

A wide strip, stretched from edge to edge Milky Way.

Syntactically complete phrase

Grandma and I went quietly to their attic.

Adverb

Tomorrow will surely come

Working with a table. Select the subject, determine how it is expressed. Work "along the chain" (second row):

Blizzard is a noun in the nominative case; snow is a noun in the nominative case.

I, everyone, nobody is a pronoun.

Satisfied is an adjective.

Gathered - communion.

Seven is a numeral.

Hurray is an interjection.

Understand is an infinitive.

From small to large - phraseological unit.

The Milky Way is a compound name.

Grandma and I are a whole phrase.

Tomorrow is an adverb.

Conclusion: what is SUBJECT? How can it be expressed?

In linguistics, the transition of parts of speech to the category of nouns is called SUBSTANTIVATION. (written on the board)

The subject is the main member of the sentence, naming what the sentence is talking about. The role of the subject can be either a word (any part of speech in the role of a noun) or a phrase.

Consolidation of the studied(18 min.)

Differentiated task (10 min.)

Groups A, B - exercise 90 (I): we write off sentences, find the subject, determine how it is expressed.

Group C - independent work with handouts ( Annex 2 )

At the board, the exercise is performed:

Korkunov Ruslan(sentences 1-4) and Chudaev Dmitry(sentences 5-9).

Fox will lead seven wolves. (n)

Nobody not a judge in his case. (places)

Wet not afraid of rain. (adj)

Say- funny, hide- sinful. (inf)

Drowning grabs at straws. (p.)

One today better than two tomorrows. (adv.)

Lazy sitting sleeping, lying down working. (adj)

Who I haven’t been to Moscow, I haven’t seen beauty. (Places)

Ilinykh E., Isaeva A., Burenina T., Badrov I., Ryabinin V., Vedyaskina N., Kovshova V.- after completion, the work is submitted for verification.

problem question(3 min.)

Find the grammatical basis in these sentences. ( slide 3) Was it easy for everyone to do it?

Let's remember how to distinguish between the subject expressed by the noun in the form of the nominative case and the object expressed in the form of the accusative case?

Kalikicheva Elizabeth

Good snowball save the harvest.

Avenue fell asleep snow.

Maple sheet disrupts wind strong.

You can ask a question from the predicate, or you can replace nouns with words of the 1st declension - and we will immediately see in which case the word is

Training exercise (5 min.)

Find the subject, determine the way it is expressed. ( slide 4).

Mutual check ( slide 5)

Check the work of the neighbor according to the model on the slide, count the number of correct answers.

Write out the subject from the sentences, indicate how it is expressed.

They change notebooks and check the work of a neighbor on the desk.

Reflection. Summing up the lesson(7 min.)

Conversation:

What did you learn about the subject in today's lesson?

What is the name in linguistics for the transition of parts of speech to the category of nouns?

The subject can be expressed not only by a noun and a pronoun, but also by any part of speech in the meaning of a noun.

Substantiation.

Test task (differentiated)

Perform tasks (handout - Annex 3 )

Homework organization(1 min.)

(slide 6)

§17 (learn lesson materials)

Exercise 93 (on assignment)

Dictionary

write down homework

Organizing time(1 min.)

You did a good job today, well done everyone.

Grading a lesson.

Annex 1

way of expression

Examples

The well-fed does not understand the hungry.

Seven do not wait for one.

Tomorrow is sure to come

Annex 1

way of expression

Examples

The blizzard moved in immediately. It snowed heavily.

I rode in the evening alone on a cross-country droshky.

Each went to the room assigned to him.

None of the family slept that night.

The well-fed does not understand the hungry.

The participants discussed the agenda.

Seven do not wait for one.

A loud cheer swept over the square.

To understand means to sympathize.

In the field went from small to large.

The Milky Way stretched from edge to edge in a wide strip.

My grandmother and I went quietly to our attic.

Tomorrow is sure to come

Appendix 2

Who is knocking on my door?

Smoking is injurious to health.

Five is less than six.

Each hand touched the railing.

Two siskins lived in a cage.

Appendix 2

Find the subject and determine the morphological way of expressing it.

And now the frosts are cracking and silvering among the fields.

Who is knocking on my door?

Smoking is injurious to health.

Five is less than six.

Each hand touched the railing.

Two siskins lived in a cage.

My friend and I have a wonderful life together.

He who does not see only takes what he who sees gives him.

Appendix 2

Find the subject and determine the morphological way of expressing it.

And now the frosts are cracking and silvering among the fields.

Who is knocking on my door?

Smoking is injurious to health.

Five is less than six.

Each hand touched the railing.

Two siskins lived in a cage.

My friend and I have a wonderful life together.

He who does not see only takes what he who sees gives him.

Appendix 3

Testing.

In which sentence is the subject expressed by the infinitive?

a) Our task is to reach the city at all costs.

b) Playing on the same stage with you is joy, honor and bliss.

c) In the forest, you always need to memorize signs. He began to quickly count in accounting.

Which sentence has no subject?

a) And I love this ring!

b) I love you, my damask dagger, comrade bright and cold!

In which sentence the subject is expressed by a syntactically indivisible phrase

a) Tomorrow was invented for indecisive people and children.

b) To live life is not a field to cross.

c) At the kitchen under the window in the sun, Polkan and Barbos warmed themselves.

d) The people standing nearby looked at me in a strange way.

Determine the subject in prepositions.

a) Enemies are our best friends.

b) What are the winds to me and the blue of the sea?

c) What are you howling about, night wind?

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- How not to remember, - said Anton Pafnutich, scratching himself, - I remember very well. So Misha died. Sorry Misha, by God, sorry! what an entertainer he was! what a smart girl! You won't find another bear like this. Why did Monsieur kill him?

Kirila Petrovich with great pleasure began to tell the feat of his Frenchman, for he had the happy ability to be conceited by everything that surrounded him. The guests listened with attention to the story of Misha's death and looked with amazement at Deforge, who, not suspecting that the conversation was about his courage, calmly sat in his place and made moral remarks to his frisky pupil.

The dinner, which had lasted about three hours, was over; the host put his napkin on the table, everyone got up and went into the living room, where they were waiting for coffee, cards, and the continuation of the drinking party that had been so nicely started in the dining room.

Anton Pafnutich, calling the Lord to witness that his red box was empty, did not lie and did not sin: the red box was definitely empty, the money that had once been stored in it passed into a leather bag that he wore on his chest under his shirt. It was only by this precaution that he calmed his distrust of everyone and his eternal fear. Being forced to spend the night in a strange house, he was afraid that they would not take him overnight somewhere in a secluded room where thieves could easily get in, he looked for a reliable comrade with his eyes and finally chose Deforge. His appearance, revealing his strength, and even more so, the courage he showed when meeting with a bear, which poor Anton Pafnutich could not remember without a shudder, decided his choice. When they got up from the table, Anton Pafnutich began to circle around the young Frenchman, grunting and clearing his throat, and finally turned to him with an explanation.

“Hm, hm, is it possible, monsieur, to spend the night in your kennel, because if you please see ...

- Que desire monsieur? asked Desforges, bowing politely to him.

- Oh, the trouble is, you, monsieur, have not yet learned Russian. Zhe ve, mua, she wu kush, do you understand?

“Monsieur, très volontiers,” answered Desforges, “veuillez donner des ordres en conséquence.”

Anton Pafnutich, very pleased with his knowledge of French, immediately went to give orders.

Arriving in the wing, the teacher lit a candle, and both began to undress; meanwhile Anton Pafnutitch was pacing up and down the room, examining the locks and windows, and shaking his head at this disappointing examination. The doors were locked with a single bolt, the windows did not yet have double frames. He tried to complain about it to Desforges, but his knowledge of French was too limited for such a complicated explanation; the Frenchman did not understand him, and Anton Pafnutich was forced to leave his complaints. Their beds stood one against the other, both lay down, and the teacher put out the candle.

- Purkua vu touche, purkua vu touche? - Anton Pafnutich shouted, conjugating the Russian verb with sin in half carcass in the French way. “I can't dormir in the dark. - Deforge did not understand his exclamation and wished him good night.

“Damned basurman,” Spitsyn grumbled, wrapping himself in a blanket. He needed to put out the candle. He's worse. I can't sleep without fire. “Monsieur, monsieur,” he continued, “ve avek vu parle. But the Frenchman did not answer, and soon began to snore.

“The Frenchman is snoring,” thought Anton Pafnutich, “but sleep doesn’t even cross my mind. That and look, thieves will enter the open doors or climb through the window, but you won’t get him, the beast, even with guns.

- Monsieur! ah, monsieur! devil take you.

Anton Pafnutich fell silent, fatigue and wine vapors gradually overcame his timidity, he began to doze, and soon a deep sleep took possession of him completely.

A strange awakening was preparing for him. He felt through his sleep that someone was gently tugging at his shirt collar. Anton Pafnutich opened his eyes and, in the pale light of an autumn morning, saw Deforge in front of him: the Frenchman held a pocket pistol in one hand, and unfastened his cherished bag with the other. Anton Pafnutich froze.

- Kes ke se, monsieur, kes ke se? he said in a trembling voice.

- Hush, be silent, - the teacher answered in pure Russian, - be silent, or you are lost. I am Dubrovsky.

Now let us ask the reader for permission to explain the last incidents of our story by previous circumstances, which we have not yet had time to tell.

At the station ** in the house of the superintendent, whom we have already mentioned, a traveler sat in a corner with a humble and patient air, denouncing a commoner or a foreigner, that is, a person who does not have a voice on the postal route. His britzka stood in the yard, waiting for some grease. In it lay a small suitcase, skinny evidence of a not very sufficient condition. The traveler did not ask himself for tea or coffee, looked out the window and whistled to the great displeasure of the caretaker, who was sitting behind the partition.

“Here, God sent a whistler,” she said in an undertone, “the ek whistles so that he bursts, the accursed bastard.

- And what? - said the caretaker, - what a trouble, let him whistle.

- What's the trouble? replied the angry wife. "Don't you know the omens?"

- What signs? that whistle money survives. AND! Pakhomovna, we don’t whistle, we don’t have any: but there’s still no money.

“Let him go, Sidorych. You want to keep him. Give him the horses, let him go to hell.

- Wait, Pakhomovna; there are only three triples in the stable, the fourth is resting. Togo, and look, good travelers will arrive in time; I don't want to answer for a Frenchman with my neck. Whoa, it is! jump out. E-ge-ge, but how fast; isn't it a general?

The carriage stopped at the porch. The servant jumped off the goat, unlocked the doors, and a minute later a young man in a military overcoat and a white cap entered the caretaker; after him the servant brought in the casket and placed it on the window.

“Horses,” the officer said in an authoritative voice.

“Now,” said the caretaker. - Please traveller.

- I don't have a road ticket. I'm going to the side... Don't you recognize me?

The superintendent began to fuss and rushed to hurry the coachmen. The young man began to pace up and down the room, went behind the partition and quietly asked the caretaker: who was the traveler.

“God knows,” the caretaker answered, “some Frenchman.” For five hours now he has been waiting for the horses and whistling. Tired, damn.

The young man spoke to the traveler in French.

– Where would you like to go? he asked him.

“To the nearest city,” answered the Frenchman, “from there I go to a certain landowner, who hired me behind my back as a teacher. I thought I would be there today, but the keeper, it seems, judged otherwise. It's hard to get horses in this land, officer.

- And to which of the local landowners did you decide? the officer asked.

“To Mr. Troyekurov,” answered the Frenchman.

- To Troyekurov? who is this Troyekurov?

- Ma foi, mon officier ... I heard little good about him. They say that he is a proud and capricious gentleman, cruel in his treatment of his household, that no one can get along with him, that everyone trembles at his name, that he does not stand on ceremony with teachers (avec les outchitels) and has already marked two to death.

- Have mercy! and you decided to decide on such a monster.

What to do, officer. He offers me a good salary, three thousand rubles a year and everything ready. Perhaps I will be happier than others. I have an old mother, I will send half of the salary to her for food, from the rest of the money in five years I can save up a small capital sufficient for my future independence, and then bonsoir, I go to Paris and embark on commercial operations.

“Does anyone in Troyekurov’s house know you?” - he asked.

“No one,” the teacher replied. - He ordered me from Moscow through one of his friends, whom the cook, my compatriot, recommended me. You need to know that I trained not as a teacher, but as a confectioner, but they told me that in your land the title of teacher is much more profitable ...

The officer considered.

“Listen,” he interrupted the Frenchman, “what if, instead of this future, they offered you ten thousand in pure money so that you would immediately go back to Paris.”

The Frenchman looked at the officer in amazement, smiled and shook his head.

“The horses are ready,” said the caretaker who entered. The servant confirmed the same.

“Now,” replied the officer, “get out for a minute.” The overseer and servant left. “I'm not kidding,” he continued in French, “I can give you ten thousand, I only need your absence and your papers. - With these words, he unlocked the box and took out several piles of banknotes.

The Frenchman rolled his eyes. He didn't know what to think.

“My absence… my papers,” he repeated in astonishment. - Here are my papers ... But you are joking: why do you need my papers?

- You don't care about that. I ask you, do you agree or not?

The Frenchman, still not believing his ears, handed his papers to the young officer, who quickly reviewed them.

The Frenchman stood stock-still.

The officer returned.

- I forgot the most important thing. Give me your word of honor that all this will remain between us, your word of honor.

“My word of honor,” replied the Frenchman. “But my papers, what am I to do without them?”

- In the first city, announce that you have been robbed by Dubrovsky. They will believe you and give you the necessary evidence. Farewell, God grant you get to Paris sooner and find your mother in good health.

Dubrovsky left the room, got into the carriage and galloped off.

The caretaker looked out the window, and when the carriage left, he turned to his wife with an exclamation: “Pakhomovna, do you know what? because it was Dubrovsky.

The caretaker rushed headlong to the window, but it was already too late: Dubrovsky was already far away. She began to scold her husband:

“You are not afraid of God, Sidorych, why didn’t you tell me that before, I should have at least looked at Dubrovsky, and now wait for him to turn around again.” You are unscrupulous, really, unscrupulous!

The Frenchman stood stock-still. The contract with the officer, the money, everything seemed to him a dream. But piles of banknotes were here in his pocket and eloquently repeated to him about the significance of the amazing incident.

He decided to hire horses to the city. The coachman took him at a walk, and at night he dragged himself to the city.

Before reaching the outpost, where instead of a sentry there was a collapsed booth, the Frenchman ordered to stop, got out of the britzka and went on foot, explaining by signs to the driver that the britzka and suitcase were giving him vodka. The coachman was as astonished at his generosity as the Frenchman was at Dubrovsky's proposal. But, concluding from the fact that the German had gone mad, the coachman thanked him with an earnest bow and, not judging it for the good to enter the city, went to a place of entertainment known to him, whose owner was very familiar to him. He spent the whole night there, and the next day, on an empty troika, he went home without a britzka and without a suitcase, with a plump face and red eyes.

Dubrovsky, having taken possession of the Frenchman's papers, boldly appeared, as we have already seen, to Troekurov and settled in his house. Whatever his secret intentions (we will find out later), but there was nothing reprehensible in his behavior. True, he did little to educate little Sasha, gave him complete freedom to hang out and did not strictly exact for lessons given only for form, but with great diligence he followed musical success his pupil and often sat for hours at a time with her at the pianoforte. Everyone loved the young teacher - Kiril Petrovich for his bold agility on the hunt, Marya Kirilovna for unlimited zeal and timid attentiveness, Sasha - for condescension to his pranks, domestic - for kindness and generosity, apparently incompatible with his condition. He himself, it seemed, was attached to the whole family and already considered himself a member of it.

About a month passed from his entry into the rank of teacher to the memorable celebration, and no one suspected that a formidable robber lurked in a modest young Frenchman, whose name terrified all the surrounding owners. During all this time, Dubrovsky did not leave Pokrovsky, but the rumor about his robberies did not subside thanks to his inventive imagination. villagers, but it could also be that his gang continued its actions even in the absence of the chief.

Sleeping in the same room with a man whom he could consider his personal enemy and one of the main culprits of his misfortune, Dubrovsky could not resist the temptation. He knew about the existence of the bag and decided to take possession of it. We saw how he amazed poor Anton Pafnutich by his sudden transformation from teacher to robber.

At nine o'clock in the morning the guests who had spent the night at Pokrovskoye gathered one after another in the drawing-room, where the samovar was already boiling, before which Marya Kirilovna was sitting in her morning dress, while Kirila Petrovich, in a flannelette frock coat and slippers, was drinking his wide cup, resembling a gargle. The last to appear was Anton Pafnutitch; he was so pale and seemed so upset that the sight of him amazed everyone, and that Kirila Petrovich inquired about his health. Spitsyn answered without any sense and looked with horror at the teacher, who immediately sat there as if nothing had happened. A few minutes later a servant came in and announced to Spitsyn that his carriage was ready; Anton Pafnutich hastened to take his leave and, despite the admonitions of the host, hastily left the room and left at once. They did not understand what had happened to him, and Kirila Petrovich decided that he had overate. After tea and a farewell breakfast, the other guests began to leave, soon Pokrovskoe was empty, and everything went back to normal.

Several days passed and nothing remarkable happened. The life of the inhabitants of Pokrovsky was monotonous. Kirila Petrovich went hunting every day; reading, walking and music lessons occupied Marya Kirilovna, especially music lessons. She began to understand her own heart and confessed, with involuntary annoyance, that it was not indifferent to the virtues of the young Frenchman. For his part, he did not go beyond the limits of respect and strict propriety, and thereby calmed her pride and fearful doubts. She indulged in a fascinating habit with more and more confidence. She missed Deforge, in his presence she was busy with him every minute, she wanted to know his opinion about everything and always agreed with him. Perhaps she was not yet in love, but at the first accidental obstacle or a sudden persecution of fate, the flame of passion must have flared up in her heart.

One day, having come into the hall where her teacher was waiting, Marya Kirilovna noticed with amazement the embarrassment on his pale face. She opened the piano, sang a few notes, but Dubrovsky, on the pretext of a headache, apologized, interrupted the lesson and, closing the notes, furtively handed her a note. Marya Kirilovna, not having time to change her mind, accepted her and repented at that very moment, but Dubrovsky was no longer in the hall. Marya Kirilovna went to her room, unfolded the note, and read the following:

“Be today at 7 o’clock in the gazebo by the stream. I need to talk to you."

Her curiosity was greatly aroused. She had long awaited recognition, wanting and fearing it. She would have been pleased to hear confirmation of what she suspected, but she felt that it would be indecent for her to hear such an explanation from a man who, by his condition, could not hope to ever receive her hand. She made up her mind to go on a date, but hesitated about one thing: how she would accept the recognition of the teacher, whether with aristocratic indignation, with exhortations of friendship, with merry jokes, or with silent participation. Meanwhile, she kept looking at her watch. It grew dark, candles were lit, Kirila Petrovich sat down to play Boston with visiting neighbors. The table clock struck the third quarter of seven, and Marya Kirilovna quietly went out onto the porch, looked around in all directions, and ran into the garden.

The night was dark, the sky was covered with clouds, it was impossible to see anything two paces away, but Marya Kirilovna walked in the darkness along familiar paths and a minute later found herself at the arbor; here she stopped to catch her breath and appear before Desforges with an air of indifference and unhurriedness. But Desforges was already standing before her.

“Thank you,” he said to her in a low and sad voice, “that you did not refuse my request. I would be in despair if you did not agree to it.

Marya Kirilovna answered with a prepared phrase:

“I hope you won't make me repent of my indulgence.

He was silent and seemed to be gathering his courage.

“Circumstances require ... I must leave you,” he said at last, “you may soon hear ... But before parting, I must explain myself to you ...

Marya Kirilovna made no answer. In these words she saw the preface to the expected confession.

“I am not what you suppose,” he continued, bowing his head, “I am not the Frenchman Deforge, I am Dubrovsky.

Marya Kirilovna screamed.

“Don't be afraid, for God's sake, you mustn't be afraid of my name. Yes, I am the unfortunate one whom your father deprived of a piece of bread, drove out of his father's house and sent to rob on highways. But you don't have to be afraid of me, not for yourself, not for him. Everything is over. I forgave him. Look, you saved him. My first bloody feat was to be accomplished over him. I walked around his house, appointing where to break out a fire, from where to enter his bedroom, how to cut off all his escape routes, at that moment you passed me like a heavenly vision, and my heart humbled. I realized that the house where you live is sacred, that not a single creature connected with you by ties of blood is subject to my curse. I have given up vengeance as madness. For whole days I wandered around the gardens of Pokrovsky in the hope of seeing your white dress from a distance. In your careless walks, I followed you, sneaking from bush to bush, happy at the thought that I was guarding you, that there was no danger for you where I was secretly present. Finally the opportunity presented itself. I settled in your house. These three weeks have been days of happiness for me. Their remembrance will be the joy of my sad life ... Today I received the news, after which it is impossible for me to stay here any longer. I part with you today... this very hour... But first I had to open up to you, so that you would not curse me, would not despise me. Think of Dubrovsky sometimes. Know that he was born for a different purpose, that his soul knew how to love you, that never ...

Here there was a slight whistle, and Dubrovsky fell silent. He seized her hand and pressed it to his burning lips. The whistle was repeated.

“Forgive me,” said Dubrovsky, “my name is, a minute can ruin me. - He moved away, Marya Kirilovna stood motionless, Dubrovsky turned back and again took her hand. “If ever,” he said to her in a gentle and touching voice, “if sometime misfortune befalls you and you expect neither help nor protection from anyone, in that case do you promise to resort to me, to demand from me all for your salvation? Do you promise not to reject my devotion?

Marya Kirilovna wept silently. The whistle rang out for the third time.

- You're ruining me! Dubrovsky shouted. “I will not leave you until you give me an answer, do you promise or not?”

“I promise,” whispered the poor beauty.

Excited by her meeting with Dubrovsky, Marya Kirilovna was returning from the garden. It seemed to her that all the people were running away, the house was in motion, there were a lot of people in the yard, a troika was standing at the porch, she heard the voice of Kiril Petrovich from a distance and hurried into the rooms, fearing that her absence would not be noticed. Kirila Petrovich met her in the hall, the guests surrounded the police officer, our acquaintance, and showered him with questions. The police officer in a traveling dress, armed from head to toe, answered them with a mysterious and fussy air.

“Where have you been, Masha,” asked Kirila Petrovich, “did you meet Mr. Deforge?” Masha could hardly answer in the negative.

“Imagine,” continued Kirila Petrovich, “the police officer has come to seize him and assures me that it is Dubrovsky himself.

“All signs, Your Excellency,” said the police officer respectfully.

“Oh, brother,” interrupted Kirila Petrovich, “get out, you know where, with your signs. I won't give you my Frenchman until I sort things out myself. How can you take the word of Anton Pafnutich, a coward and a liar: he dreamed that the teacher wanted to rob him. Why didn't he say a word to me that very morning?

“The Frenchman intimidated him, Your Excellency,” answered the police officer, “and took an oath from him to remain silent ...

- Lies, - decided Kirila Petrovich, - now I will bring everything to clean water. Where is the teacher? he asked the entering servant.

“They won’t find them anywhere,” answered the servant.

“Then look for him,” shouted Troekurov, beginning to doubt. “Show me your vaunted signs,” he said to the police officer, who immediately handed him the paper. - Hm, hm, twenty-three years ... It is true, but it still does not prove anything. What is a teacher?

"They won't find it, sir," was the answer again. Kirila Petrovich began to worry, Marya Kirilovna was neither alive nor dead.

“You are pale, Masha,” her father remarked to her, “they frightened you.”

“No, papa,” answered Masha, “my head hurts.

- Go, Masha, to your room and don't worry. - Masha kissed his hand and quickly went to her room, where she threw herself on the bed and sobbed in a fit of hysteria. The maids came running, undressed her, managed to calm her down by force. cold water and all kinds of spirits, they laid her down, and she fell into sleep.

Meanwhile, the Frenchman was not found. Kirila Petrovich paced up and down the hall, whistling menacingly. Thunder of victory resound. The guests whispered among themselves, the police chief seemed like a fool, the Frenchman was not found. He probably managed to escape, having been warned. But by whom and how? it remained a secret.

It was eleven o'clock, and no one thought about sleeping. At last Kirila Petrovich said angrily to the police chief:

- Well? after all, it’s not up to the light for you to stay here, my house is not a tavern, not with your agility, brother, to catch Dubrovsky, if it’s Dubrovsky. Go on your way and be quick ahead. And it’s time for you to go home,” he continued, turning to the guests. - Tell me to pawn, but I want to sleep.

So ungraciously parted Troekurov from his guests!

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