Matryona day summary. Brief retelling of the story Matrenin Dvor in abbreviation - Solzhenitsyn Alexander Isaevich

Consider the work that Solzhenitsyn created in 1959. We are interested in him summary. "Matrenin yard" - a story that was published for the first time in a magazine " New world" in 1963.

The author begins his story with a story that at the 184th km from Moscow, following the Ryazan railway, trains slowed down for another six months after one event. After reading the summary of the book "Matryona Dvor", you will find out what happened at this place. Passengers looked out the windows for a long time, wanting to see with their own eyes the reason, which was known only to the drivers.

Beginning of the first chapter

The following events begin the first chapter, its summary. "Matryona Dvor" consists of three chapters.

Ignatich, the narrator, returned to Russia from sultry Kazakhstan in the summer of 1956, having not yet determined exactly where he would go. He was not expected anywhere.

How the narrator ended up in the village of Talnovo

He could do only the most unskilled work a year before the events described in the work. He would hardly have been hired even as an electrician for a decent construction. And the narrator "wanted to teach." Now he entered timidly into the Vladimir oblono and asked if mathematics teachers were needed in the outback? I was very surprised by this statement of local officials, since everyone wanted to work closer to the city. The narrator from the work "Matryona's Dvor" was sent to the High Field. A brief summary, analysis of this story is best compiled, mentioning that he did not immediately settle in the village of Talnovo.

Apart from the beautiful name, there was nothing in the High Field. He refused this work, because it was necessary to eat something. Then he was offered to go to the Peat product station. This unsightly village consisted of houses and barracks. There was no forest here at all. This place turned out to be rather dull, but I didn’t have to choose. Ignatich, having spent the night at the station, learned that the nearest village was Talnovo, followed by Spudni, Chaslitsy, Ovintsy, Shevertni, which were away from the railway tracks. This interested our hero, he decided to find housing here.

Ignatich's new place of residence - Matrenin Dvor

Brief summary in parts further developments will be described in succession. It turned out shortly after the narrator's arrival at the place that it was not so easy to find housing. Despite the fact that the teacher was a profitable tenant (the school promised him a peat car in addition to paying for the apartment for the winter), all the huts here were overcrowded. Only on the outskirts did Ignatich find himself an unsightly shelter - Matryona's yard. Summary, analysis of works - all these are just auxiliary materials. For a holistic understanding of the story, you should familiarize yourself with the author's original.

Matrona's house was large, but unkempt and dilapidated. It was built soundly and long ago, on big family, but now only a single woman of about 60 lived here. Matryona was unwell. She complained of a "black disease", lay on the stove. The hostess did not show any particular joy at the sight of Ignatich, but he immediately understood that he was destined to settle here.

Life in Matryona's hut

Matryona spent most of her time on the stove, highlighting the best place numerous ficuses. The corner at the window was assigned to the guest. Here he put a table, a folding bed, books, fenced off from the main space with ficuses.

In addition to Matrena Vasilievna, cockroaches, mice and a lopsided cat lived in the hut. Cockroaches escaped from the cat behind wallpaper pasted in several layers. Soon the guest got used to his new life. At 4 o'clock in the morning the hostess got up, milked the goat, and then boiled potatoes in 3 iron pots: for the goat, for herself and for the guest. The food was monotonous: either "peeled potatoes", or barley porridge, or "cardboard soup" (as everyone in the village called it). However, Ignatich was also pleased with this, since life taught him to find the meaning of life not in food.

How Matrena Vasilievna was busy with her pension

The summary of the story "Matrenin Dvor" further introduces the reader in more detail to the hostess, with whom Ignatich settled. Matryona had many grievances that autumn. A new pension law came out at that time. Neighbors advised her to seek a pension, the right to which the woman “did not deserve,” because she worked for 25 years on a collective farm for workdays, and not for money. Now Matryona was sick, but she was not considered an invalid for the same reason. It was also necessary to apply for a pension for her husband, for the loss of a breadwinner. However, he had been gone for 15 years, from the very beginning of the war, and now it was not easy to get certificates from various places about his experience and earnings. Several times I had to rewrite these papers, correct them, then take them to the social security, and he was 20 km from Talnov. The village council was located 10 km in the other direction, and an hour's walk in the third direction was the village council.

Matryona is forced to steal peat

Having fruitlessly resembled 2 months, the old woman was exhausted - the heroine, which was created in the work of Solzhenitsyn ("Matryona's yard"). Brief summary, unfortunately, does not allow to make an exhaustive description of it. She complained of being harassed. After these senseless walks, Matryona set to work: she dug potatoes or went for peat and returned tired and enlightened. Ignatich asked her if the peat machine allocated by the school would not be enough? But Matryona assured him that it was necessary to stock up on three cars for the winter. Officially, the inhabitants were not entitled to peat, and for theft they were caught and tried. The chairman of the collective farm walked around the village, vaguely and demandingly or ingenuously looking into the eyes and talking about everything except fuel, because he stocked up himself. They pulled peat from the trust. It was possible to carry away a bag of 2 pounds at a time. It was enough for one fire.

Work-saturated everyday life of Matryona Vasilievna

Matryona's workdays are important component works. It is impossible to do without their description, making up a summary of the story "Matryona Dvor" by Solzhenitsyn. Matryona went 5-6 times a day, hiding the stolen peat so that it would not be taken away. The patrol often caught women at the entrance to the village, and also searched the yards. However, the approach of winter was inevitable, and people were forced to overcome fear. Let's take a look at this in a summary. Matrenin Dvor introduces us further to Ignatich's observations. He noticed that the day of her mistress was filled with many things. The woman carried peat, stored lingonberries for the winter, hay for the goat, dug "carts". We had to mow in the swamps, because the collective farm cut off plots for the disabled, although for 15 acres it was necessary to work out at the local collective farm, where there were not enough hands. When Ignatich's mistress was called to collective farm work, the woman did not protest, she dutifully agreed, having learned about the time of collection. Often called to help Matryona and neighbors - to plow a garden or dig potatoes. The woman dropped everything and went to help the petitioner. She did it completely free of charge, considering it a duty.

She also had a job when she had to feed the goat herders every 1.5 months. The woman went to the general store and bought food that she did not eat herself: sugar, butter, canned fish. The hostesses laid out in front of each other, trying to better feed the shepherds, as they would be praised throughout the village if something went wrong.

Matryona was sometimes overwhelmed by illness. Then the woman lay, practically not moving, not wanting anything but peace. At this time, Masha, her close friend from an early age, came to help with the housework.

The life of Matrena Timofeevna is getting better

However, things called Matryona to life, and after lying down for a while, she got up, paced slowly, then began to move more quickly. She told Ignatich that she was brave and strong in her youth. Now Matryona was afraid of fire, and trains - most of all.

The life of Matryona Vasilievna nevertheless improved by winter. They began to pay her a pension of 80 rubles, and even the school allocated 100 rubles for a guest. Matryona was envied by her neighbors. And she, having sewn 200 rubles into the lining of her coat for her funeral, said that now she, too, saw a little peace. Relatives even showed up - 3 sisters, who were afraid before that the woman would ask them for help.

Second chapter

Matrena tells Ignatich about herself

Ignatich eventually spoke about himself. He reported that he had for a long time in prison. The old woman nodded her head in silence, as if she had suspected this before. He also learned that Matrona had married before the revolution and immediately settled in this hut. She had 6 children, but they all died in infancy. The husband did not return from the war, went missing. Kira lived with Matryona. And returning one day from school, Ignatich found a tall black old man in a hut. His face was completely overgrown with a black beard. It turned out to be Faddey Mironovich, Matrena's brother-in-law. He came to ask for Anton Grigoriev, his negligent son, who studied in the 8th grade. Matrena Vasilievna told in the evening that she almost married him in her youth.

Faddey Mironovich

Faddey Mironovich wooed her first, earlier than Yefim. She was 19 and he was 23. However, the war broke out, and Thaddeus was taken to the front. Matryona waited for him for 3 years, but not a single news came. The revolutions were over, and Yefim got married. On July 12, on Peter's Day, they got married, and on October 14, on Pokrov, Thaddeus returned from Hungarian captivity. If not for his brother, Thaddeus would have killed both Matryona and Yefim. He said later that he would be looking for a wife with the same name. And so Thaddeus brought the "second Matryona" to a new hut. He often beat his wife, and she ran to complain about him to Matryona Vasilievna.

Kira in the life of Matryona

What, it would seem, to regret Thaddeus? 6 children were born to him by his wife, all of them survived. And the children of Matrena Vasilievna died before they reached 3 months. The woman believed that she was spoiled. In 1941, Thaddeus was not taken to the front because of his blindness, but Yefim went to war and went missing. Matryona Vasilievna begged Kira, her youngest daughter, from the "second Matryona" and raised her for 10 years, after which she married her to a machinist from Cherust. Then, suffering from illnesses and awaiting her death, Matryona announced her will - to give after death a separate log house of the chamber as a legacy to Kira. She said nothing about the hut itself, which her three sisters were planning to get.

Matrona's hut was broken

Let's describe how Matryona's hut was broken, continuing the summary. "Matryona Dvor" - a story in which Solzhenitsyn tells us further that Kira soon after frank conversation the narrator with her mistress came to Matryona from Cherusti, and old Thaddeus became worried. It turned out that in Cherusty young people were offered a plot of land for building a house, so Kira needed Matrena's room. Fired up to seize the plot in Cherusty, Thaddeus frequented Matryona Vasilievna, demanding from her the promised upper room. The woman did not sleep for 2 nights, it was not easy for her to decide to break the roof under which she lived for 40 years. This meant for Matryona the end of her life. Thaddeus came one day in February with 5 sons and they made 5 axes. While the men were breaking down the hut, the women were preparing moonshine for the day of loading. A son-in-law arrived from Cherusti, a machinist with a tractor driver. However, the weather changed dramatically, and for 2 weeks the broken room was not given to the tractor.

fatal event

Matryona gave up very much during this time. Her sisters scolded her for giving Kira the room, the cat had gone somewhere ... The road finally settled, a tractor arrived with a large sledge, then the second one was hastily knocked down. They began to argue about how to take them - together or separately. The driver-in-law and Thaddeus were afraid that the tractor could not pull two sledges, and the tractor driver did not want to make two walks. He did not have time to make them overnight, and the tractor should be in the garage by morning. The men, having loaded the upper room, sat down at the table, but not for long - the darkness forced them to hurry. Matryona jumped out after the men, complaining that one tractor was not enough. Matryona did not return after an hour or 4. At one o'clock in the morning there was a knock on the hut and 4 railway workers entered. They asked if the workers and the tractor driver had been drinking before they left. Ignatich blocked the entrance to the kitchen, and they noticed with annoyance that there was no drinking bout in the hut. Leaving, one of them said that everyone was "turned around", and the fast train almost went off the rails.

Details of what happened

Let's include some details of this tragic event in our summary of the story "Matryona Dvor". Matryona's friend, Masha, who came with the workers, said that a tractor with the first sled crossed the crossing, but the second, home-made, got stuck, as the cable pulling them burst. The tractor tried to pull them out, the son of Thaddeus and the tractor driver got along with the cable, Matryona also undertook to help them. The driver was watching to ensure that the train from Cherustey did not turn up. And then a shunting locomotive was moving backwards, moving without lights, and it crushed the three of them. The tractor was working, so the locomotive was not heard. What happened to the heroes of the work? The summary of Solzhenitsyn's story "Matrenin Dvor" gives an answer to this question. The drivers survived and immediately rushed to slow down the ambulance. They barely made it. Witnesses fled. Kira's husband almost hanged himself, he was pulled out of the noose. After all, because of him, the aunt and brother of his wife died. Kira's husband then went to surrender to the authorities.

Third chapter

The summary of the story "Matryona Dvor" continues with a description of the third chapter of the work. Matryona's remains were brought in a sack in the morning. Her three sisters came, locked the chest, seized the property. They wept, reproaching the woman that she died without listening to them, allowing them to break the chamber. Approaching the coffin, the ancient old woman said sternly that there are two riddles in the world: a person does not remember how he was born, and does not know how he will die.

What happened after the event on the railroad

The summary of the story "Matryona Dvor" cannot be described by chapters without telling about what happened after the fatal event on the railway. The tractor driver left the human court. The road administration was to blame for the fact that the busy crossing was not guarded, that the locomotive "raft" was moving without lights. That is why they wanted to blame everything on booze, and when this did not work out, they decided to hush up the court. The repair of the mangled tracks took 3 days. The gratuitous logs were burned by the freezing workers. Thaddeus rushed about, trying to save the remnants of the chamber. He did not grieve about the woman he once loved and his son, who had been killed. Having gathered his relatives, he took the upper room to a detour through 3 villages to his yard. Those who died at the crossing were buried in the morning. Thaddeus came after the funeral, dressed up about property with Matryona's sisters. In addition to the upper room, he was given a barn in which a goat lived, as well as the entire internal fence. He brought everything with his sons to his yard.

The story that Solzhenitsyn wrote ("Matryona's Dvor") is coming to an end. A summary of the final events of this work is as follows. They boarded up Matrona's hut. Ignatich moved in with her sister-in-law. She tried in every possible way to humiliate his former mistress, saying that she helped everyone disinterestedly, was dirty and clumsy. And only then the image of Matryona surfaced before the narrator, with whom he lived side by side, not understanding her. This woman didn't go out of her way to buy things and then save them. more life, she did not chase after the outfits that embellish the villains and freaks. Unappreciated and understood by no one, she was that righteous man, without whom not a single village, not a single city stands. Our whole land does not stand without it, as Solzhenitsyn believes. "Matrenin Dvor", a summary of which was presented in this article, is one of the most famous and the best works this author. Andrey Sinyavsky called it "a fundamental thing" village literature"in our country. Of course, the summary does not convey the artistic value of the work. "Matrenin Dvor" (Solzhenitsyn) was described chapter by chapter in order to acquaint the reader with the plot outline of the story.

Surely you will be interested to know that the work is based on real events. In reality, the heroine of the story was called Zakharova Matryona Vasilievna. In the village of Miltsevo, the events described in the story actually took place. We have only summarized it. "Matrenin Dvor" (Solzhenitsyn), described chapter by chapter in this article, introduces the reader to village life in Soviet time, with the type of a righteous person, without which not a single village stands.

In the summer of 1956, at the one hundred and eighty-fourth kilometer from Moscow, a passenger got off along the railway line to Murom and Kazan. This is a narrator whose fate is reminiscent of the fate of Solzhenitsyn himself (he fought, but from the front he “delayed with the return of ten years”, that is, he spent time in the camp, which is also evidenced by the fact that when the narrator got a job, every letter in his documents "perepal"). He dreams of working as a teacher in the depths of Russia, away from urban civilization. But living in the village with the wonderful name High Field did not work out, because they did not bake bread and did not sell anything edible there. And then he is transferred to a village with a monstrous name for his hearing Peat product. However, it turns out that “not everything is around peat extraction” and there are also villages with the names Chaslitsy, Ovintsy, Spudni, Shevertni, Shestimirovo ...

This reconciles the narrator with his share, for it promises him "condo Russia". In one of the villages called Talnovo, he settles. The mistress of the hut in which the narrator lodges is called Matryona Ignatievna Grigorieva, or simply Matryona.

The fate of Matryona, about which she does not immediately, not considering it interesting for a "cultured" person, sometimes in the evenings tells the guest, fascinates and at the same time stuns him. He sees a special meaning in her fate, which is not noticed by fellow villagers and relatives of Matryona. The husband went missing at the beginning of the war. He loved Matryona and did not beat her like village husbands beat their wives. But Matryona herself hardly loved him. She was supposed to marry her husband's older brother, Thaddeus. However, he went to the front in the first world war and disappeared. Matryona was waiting for him, but in the end, at the insistence of the Thaddeus family, she married her younger brother, Yefim. And suddenly Thaddeus returned, who was in Hungarian captivity. According to him, he did not hack Matryona and her husband with an ax just because Yefim is his brother. Thaddeus loved Matryona so much that he found a new bride for himself with the same name. The “second Matryona” gave birth to Thaddeus six children, but the “first Matryona” had all the children from Yefim (also six) died without living and three months. The whole village decided that Matryona was “spoiled”, and she herself believed in it. Then she took in the upbringing of the daughter of the "second Matryona" - Kira, raised her for ten years, until she got married and left for the village of Cherusti.

Matryona lived all her life as if not for herself. She constantly works for someone: for a collective farm, for neighbors, while doing “peasant” work, and never asks for money for it. In Matryona there is a huge inner strength. For example, she is able to stop a rushing horse on the run, which men cannot stop.

Gradually, the narrator realizes that it is precisely on people like Matryona, who give themselves to others without a trace, that the whole village and the whole Russian land still rests. But this discovery hardly pleases him. If Russia rests only on selfless old women, what will happen to her next?

Hence the absurdly tragic end of the story. Matryona dies helping Thaddeus and his sons to drag across railway on a sleigh, part of his own hut, bequeathed to Kira. Thaddeus did not want to wait for the death of Matryona and decided to take the inheritance for the young during her lifetime. Thus, he unwittingly provoked her death. When relatives bury Matryona, they cry more out of duty than from the heart, and think only about the final division of Matryona's property.

Thaddeus doesn't even come to the wake.

// Matrenin Dvor

The story "Matrenin Dvor" by Alexander Solzhenitsyn is a vivid image of the patriarchal way of life in the Russian village. It was written in 1963.

In the introduction, the author informs the reader that even 6 months after the events described in the story, the train, following from Moscow, slowed down at 184 kilometers. The reason is known only to the narrator himself, and, of course, to the driver who slowed down there.

The story "Matryona Dvor" consists of several parts. Let's look at the content of each.

The narrator is a mathematics teacher at the village school. The following facts are known from his biography: he fought in Asia, spent 10 years in camps, and only after that he returned to his homeland.

He did not want to live in a barracks, so he was looking for someone to rent a house, even just a corner. So he ended up in the hut of Matryona Vasilievna Grigorieva, an old and lonely woman.

This is how the narrator describes his new home: the hut is strong and spacious, designed for a large family. True, a bit dark. On the windows there are invariable ficuses, their mistress was very fond of. The house was full of living creatures: cats, mice, cockroaches.

Matrena Vasilievna had been ill for 60 years, after all, but she could not achieve disability. She also did not receive a pension. She continued to work on the collective farm, but they did not pay wages, they set workdays.

They ate very poorly with the guest teacher: potatoes and porridge cooked from cheap cereals.

Fuel was stolen by the inhabitants of the village of Talnovo in the trust, for which they could be punished, up to and including imprisonment. Peat was mined, but it was not sold to the villagers.

Matryona had a very difficult time. Her daily worries were to get peat or dry stumps for kindling, and for a goat to collect hay, to collect lingonberries, to collect certificates for a pension. However, this year has turned out to be more successful. Matryona Vasilievna began to feel better, the disease seemed to have subsided a little, for the lodger-teacher she was assigned a pension, albeit a meager one, but still. A simple Russian woman was already happy that she bought new felt boots and a padded jacket, and sewed a coat out of an old overcoat. This is the first part of the story "Matryona Dvor" that appears before readers.

At the beginning of the second part, once returning home, the teacher finds Faddey Grigoriev in the hut. This bearded old man came to visit him. He came to ask for his son, who did not have time in mathematics.

The teacher learned the whole story connecting these people. Matryona was the bride of Thaddeus, but the wedding did not take place, as he was taken to the war. For three whole years no one knew anything about him. Is he alive or not? Then the younger brother of Thaddeus Yefim wooed her. Matryona agreed. The young began to live in the very hut where the old woman lives to this day. It was built by the father of the Grigoriev brothers.

As it turned out later, Thaddeus had been in captivity all this time. When he returned, he found the bride married to another. He did not deal with his brother, but took another as his wife. Her name was also Matryona. The man cut down a new hut. Their marriage produced six children. Only he was a cruel man, and his wife often complained to Matryona Vasilievna about the beatings and greed of Thaddeus.

How did the fate of Matryona, Yefim's wife, turn out? Her children, there were also six of them, died as newborns. She buried them all before the start of the war. The husband went missing on the battlefield. Yes, an unenviable share. Matryona Vasilievna asked her namesake for one child so that she would not be so lonely. She was not denied the request. So she had a daughter, Kira. Matrena raised her as her own. Successfully married in a neighboring village. Family adopted daughter sometimes helped Matryona. Often ill, the woman began to think about the will, she wanted to leave part of the hut to Kira. But her three sisters also counted on her.

Kira needed a home and asked her foster mother for an inheritance before her death. Old man Thaddeus demanded to dismantle the hut and give it back. Matryona felt sorry for the house in which she had lived for forty years, she did not want to break it. It was her whole life. But nothing can be done. They called relatives and dismantled the hut. After it had to be transported and reassembled. Only now for Kira. While the men worked on dismantling, the women prepared drinks and snacks.

During the transportation of the hut, a terrible event happened. Bypassing the railway crossing, the sleigh got stuck. Three people died under the wheels of a passing train. And Matrena Vasilievna Grigorieva herself.

Part three begins with the funeral. Although the funeral service for them is more like settling old scores. The sisters of Matrena did not so much lament over her body as they tried to defend their rights to the inheritance of the deceased woman. The relatives of the Grigorievs categorically disagreed with this.

Thaddeus, who insisted on dismantling and transporting the hut, nevertheless dragged the logs for himself. What good is lost now?

The teacher listened to the villagers' comments about Matryona at the funeral. From them, he realized that she was not like everyone else. She did not keep a pig, did not seek to buy goods and outfits. Having lost her husband and all the children, she did not harden her soul, helped everyone she could, and was happy with small joys that rarely illuminated her life.

The property acquired by her for all the time is a cat, ficuses and a goat. Everyone who surrounded her did not understand that a real righteous woman lived next to them, in the neighborhood. It is on such people that our land rests. And although Solzhenitsyn notes that she was a pagan, we are well aware that in her life she followed Christian morals and did not deviate from them a bit.

1. Ignatich- the guest who leads the story. He comes to the outback to work as a teacher;
2. Matryona- a single woman of 60 years old, with whom the narrator lived as a lodger; It is she who acts as the main character of his story;
3. Yefim- Matrona's husband;
4. Thaddeus- the elder brother of Yefim, who once loved her;
5. Kira- the adopted daughter of Matryona, her niece;
6. Masha- A friend of Matryona.

guest

Ignatich's story begins in the summer of 1956, when he had just returned from Kazakhstan to Russia. Despite his background and difficulties in finding employment, he wanted to work as a teacher. And he was able to find such a job in the Ryazan outback, 184 kilometers from Moscow.

Despite the fact that a guest teacher in these parts was a rarity, who, in addition to additional income, promised a free peat truck for the winter from the school, it was difficult to find an apartment. Almost all the houses were small and, moreover, overcrowded. The only suitable one was the house of the lonely Matrena on the very outskirts.

It was evident that the house was spacious, was built for big family, but now a lonely old woman lived here. And she was not to say that she was very pleased with the guests. Lately she was unwell and spent a lot of time on the stove.

The guest settled down on a folding bed near the window, where he also placed a table and books. In addition to them, a rickety cat, as well as flocks of mice and cockroaches, have long lived in the house. Having entered here, Ignatich realized that he would stop here.

Daily chores and the ensuing calm

Matryona got up at 4 in the morning, went out into the yard, milked a goat, and prepared monotonous food: soup, potatoes and barley porridge. But this did not bother Ignatich at all.

This autumn turned out to be difficult and even “offensive” for the hostess. At that time, a new “pension law” came out, according to which it was supposed to “earn” for a pension, since 25 years of work on a collective farm were for workdays, and not for wages. It was also impossible to get disability due to illness. Getting a survivor's pension seemed no less troublesome. The husband - then he was not alive for more than 15 years - where to collect all the certificates about his experience?

All this was accompanied by endless certificates and papers that had to be carried back and forth for tens of kilometers to village councils and social security agencies. This red tape exhausted an already sick woman, and no one canceled the work in the garden and the collection of peat. It was supposed to be judged for peat, since it was not provided for residents and all belonged to the trust. According to Matryona, in order not to freeze, at least 3 cars were needed for the winter. Village women, including the mistress of the house, ran into the forest 5-6 times a day. They were often searched on the roads, but winter approached inevitably every year.

Ignatich often watched Matryona. Her day was filled with many things, and often not only her own. She had to run for peat, store hay for the goat for the winter, and lingonberries and potatoes for herself. For the miserable 15 acres allocated to her by the collective farm, she had to go to work. Neighbors, knowing the good nature of the old woman, called her to help in their gardens. The mistress of the house is not accustomed to refuse. Once every 1.5 months, she had a new concern - to feed the goat herders. All the women of the village did it in turn, so that they were no worse than others. Therefore, Matrena ran to the store for food that she herself had never eaten: canned food, sugar and butter.

At times, she could not get up from an illness, and then her old friend, Masha, took over all household chores. But she had no time to lie down for a long time, so soon she was already doing business. And yet, paperwork was not in vain: Matryona was given a pension of 80 rubles, and the school allocated 100 rubles for a teacher. On this occasion, even 3 sisters showed up with her, who had previously been afraid that they would have to help a relative. The old woman was glad that calm came and even hid 200 rubles for the funeral.

The fate of Matryona

Soon the hostess and the guest got used to each other. It turned out that Ignatich spent a long time in prison, which the old woman already guessed. The fate of Matryona also did not differ in great happiness. She got married a long time ago, even before the revolution, and since then she has lived in this house. She gave birth 6 times, but all the children died before they reached 3 months. The husband went to the front and did not return. But she had, nevertheless, one pupil - Kira.

Occasionally a tall old man, Thaddeus, visited her. As the old woman said later, this is her brother-in-law, whom she was supposed to marry. But I didn’t have time - the war began, and he was taken away. All the revolutions have already passed, but there was no news from him. And she married his brother Yefim, and a few months later Thaddeus also returned from captivity. He did not kill her only because of her brother.

Thaddeus soon married, choosing a girl with her own name. She bore him 6 children and was often beaten by her husband. The war broke out, Thaddeus had poor eyesight and was not taken, but Yefim left and did not return. Then, out of loneliness, Matryona "begged" her brother-in-law from his wife youngest daughter- Kira, whom she raised as her own and married.

The legacy and death of Matryona

The mistress of the house, suffering from illnesses, bequeathed part of the house to her adopted daughter, who soon came to her. It turned out that her family was allotted a plot in one of the villages where they could build a house, and for this the promised log house would come in handy. Her father seized on this idea and, without thinking twice, on one of the February days, brought 5 sons with axes to the house. For 2 weeks they tried to break down Matrona's house - at that time she completely surrendered, the cat disappeared, and the sisters who encroached on her hut scolded her.

It was decided to carry on 2 sledges, which were pulled by a tractor. It was necessary to cope in one night, and the old woman went with the men to help. A few hours later, railway workers came to the rest of the house.

Masha, a friend who arrived in time, told the terrible news. It turned out that the second sleigh got stuck on the railway tracks, the son of Thaddeus, the tractor driver and Matryona were trying to fix the cable, and at that time a locomotive without lights was turned back on the track. He took down all three of them. And no one heard the locomotive, as it was drowned out by a working tractor.

Kira and her husband suffered most of all, who almost hanged himself, realizing that because of this room, his wife's aunt and brother died, and later appeared before the court. As soon as it became known about the misfortune, the division of property began. The sisters seized the house and all the property in it, Thaddeus fussed for himself - he collected all the ruined log house at the crossing, and also acquired Matryona's shed and a goat. The house was boarded up, and Ignatich moved to Matrena's barn, which did not miss the opportunity to humiliate the old woman.

And only then does the man understand that it is on such righteous people who do not ask for anything for themselves, disinterested and timid, that the Russian village still rests. And not only the village, but our whole land.

Test on the story Matrenin Dvor

The fate of the narrator is similar to the fate of Alexander Isaevich Solzhenitsyn himself - he is also a front-line soldier. And also his return from the front was delayed "for ten years." That is, I had to serve time for nothing - like half the country, if not more, was then in the camps.

The hero dreams of working as a teacher in the rural outback - away from civilization. He left the link "in the dusty hot desert" - and now he is irresistibly drawn to the middle lane of his beloved Russia.

In 1956, Ignatich was rehabilitated and in the summer he got off the train at one hundred and eighty-four kilometers from Moscow.

At first he wanted to live in the village of Vysokoe Pole, but only there were shortages of bread. Not bad with food in another village - but the hero is disgusted by his terrible Soviet name "Peat product". However, there are not only peat bogs around... The teacher settles in the village of Talnovo, where he teaches mathematics at school. Matrena Vasilievna Grigorieva takes him to an apartment (or rather, to a hut). They live in the same room, but the old woman (she is sixty years old) is so quiet and helpful that no conflicts arise, except that the hero, out of camp habit, was worried that the woman had somehow mistakenly put on his padded jacket. Moreover, the loudspeaker irritates Ignatich very much - he cannot stand the noise at all, and especially the jaunty radio.

Matrona's hut is old. Her best part - by the window - is occupied by stools and benches with her favorite ficuses and other plants. This shows the kindness of Matrena, her love for all living things. She is a completely disinterested person - she never “chased the equipment”, she didn’t save herself any good, she helped strangers. Of all the good things in Matryona, there is only a lame cat, picked up out of pity, and a dirty-white goat with crooked horns. Well, more mice and cockroaches...

Gradually, Matrena tells the tenant about her life. She got married early, because her mother died and she had to somehow arrange her life. She liked one young man - Thaddeus. Yes, he went to the front (it was before the revolution, in the First World War) and disappeared without a trace. She waited for him for three years - "no news, no bones." Received an offer from the younger brother of Thaddeus - Efim. Agreed, got married. And after a short time, Thaddeus returned from the Hungarian captivity. He loved Matryona very much - he almost chopped his brother and ex-bride with an ax from jealousy. But nothing, settled down.

Thaddeus also married over time, and Matrena also took his wife, not otherwise - in memory of his first love. "Second Matryona" gave birth to Thaddeus six children, all are alive. But Matryona, although she gave birth to children, but they “did not stand” with her - they did not live up to three months. The village decided that she was "spoiled." Then Matryona took Thaddeus's daughter Kira to bring up and raised her for a long time - until she got married and moved to a neighboring village to her husband.

The fact that Matryona has no good does not speak of her laziness - she gets up every day at four or five in the morning, there are plenty of things to do. She is always ready to help her neighbor dig potatoes or run at the call of the chairman's wife to help in collective farm affairs. She does not take money from anyone - which is why they consider her stupid.

Matryona did not receive a pension, although she could receive it due to her age and illness. Half her life she worked on the collective farm for "sticks" of workdays. And she got in the way of “peasant work”: even, like a Nekrasov heroine, she stopped a galloping horse, and he almost knocked her into an ice hole!

Matryona's selflessness is so great, and her love for her neighbors is so strong that she decides to give half of her hut and property to her adopted daughter Kira during her lifetime. Thaddeus supports her decision: and loads parts of the house and belongings on a sleigh. Together with his sons, he drags the goods of his former beloved across the railway tracks. Matryona helped them and died, lingering at the sleigh.

Fellow villagers cannot appreciate the nobility of Matryona. There is a cry over the coffin - but, rather, out of duty and out of decency. Soon the division of property begins, in which both the greedy sisters of the deceased and her best friend Masha. And Thaddeus, in general, the unwitting culprit of the death of his former beloved, did not even appear at the wake.

And only the teacher, Matrenin, a guest, clearly understands that Matryona is the righteous man without whom "the village does not stand."

“A village does not stand without a righteous man” - this is how the story “Matryona Dvor” was originally supposed to be called