The rest of the tread for winter tires traffic rules Belarus. Letter of the Law: what depth of winter tire tread is acceptable

Truck "Gazelles" will be able to roll tires until the tread depth is less than 1.6 mm. "Gazelle" minibuses will have to change tires when the tread depth is less than two millimeters.

The corresponding bill was prepared in the Department of Road Safety of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia. It was developed on behalf of the president, which pointed out the need to establish uniform requirements in regulatory legal acts Governments in terms of use car tires when operating vehicles.

It can be assumed that the whole problem was precisely in the Gazelles. The fact is that in the rules of the road, in particular in the provisions for the admission to the operation of vehicles, it is prescribed that the tires of cars have a residual tread height of less than 1.6 mm, trucks - 1 mm, buses - 2 mm, motorcycles and mopeds - 0.8 mm.

"Gazelle", as well as the Korean Porter, category "B" cars. Their maximum weight does not exceed 3.5 tons. That is, the tread depth should be 1.6 mm. However, in all other respects, these are trucks. They are designed to carry goods. That is, they can roll tires up to one millimeter?

According to the requirements of the technical regulations on the safety of wheeled vehicles in Russia, according to the requirements of the same regulation of the Customs Union, they remain trucks. Category N1 - vehicles intended for the carriage of goods, having a maximum mass of not more than 3.5 tons.

In general, everything is very difficult with the classification of vehicles. What, for example, include pickups? They also belong to the N1 category both in the international and in the Russian qualification, despite the fact that many of them can be managed with an open category "B" in the rights. Here, cars are already divided according to their functionality. By the way, many pickups are prohibited from entering the city center without a permit: the carrying capacity is more than a ton. Many of them can be driven with a category "C" license - their maximum weight is more than 3.5 tons.

Now, in accordance with the instructions of the President, the Ministry of Internal Affairs decided to indicate the depth of the treads for each vehicle. For category L vehicles - these are all mopeds, motorbikes, mokiks, as well as motorcycles, scooters and even tricycles and quadricycles - the residual tread depth is set to at least 0.8 mm.

For vehicles of categories N2, N3, O3, O4 - these are trucks and trailers, the maximum mass of which is over 3.5 tons - 1.0 mm.

For vehicles of categories M1, N1, O1, O2 - these are cars, as well as trucks, the maximum mass of which is not more than 3.5 tons, as well as trailers for them, which also do not exceed this mass - 1.6 mm.

For vehicles of categories M2, M3 - these are buses, that is, all with more than eight passenger seats - 2.0 mm.

For the first time, the Basic Regulations for the Admission of Vehicles to Operation spell out the requirements for winter tires and explain which tires are considered as such.

The residual depth of the tread pattern of winter tires intended for operation on icy or snowy road surfaces during operation on the specified surface shall not exceed 4 mm. note that we are talking specifically about their use in a snowy or icy area.

Winter tires are marked with a mountain peak with three peaks and a snowflake inside it, as well as the signs "M+S", "M&S" and "M S". If the tire has wear indicators, then measuring the tread depth with a caliper is not required.

It is still unknown what punishments will be provided for this. It is clear that tires that do not meet these requirements will not pass inspection.

Whether penalties will be imposed on the roads is not yet clear. As the traffic police told us, you first need to introduce requirements, and then think about fines.

The safety of driving a car depends on many factors, but one of the main ones is the condition of the tires, the height or depth of the tread. It is tires, taking into account seasonality - summer and winter, that provide excellent grip on the surface of the roadway.

Tires are very different, depending on the transport for which they are selected.

If we talk about passenger cars, then the main types are as follows:

• summer;
• winter (studded or Velcro);
• by destination - off-road (for SUV), sports, regional, highway;
• all-weather.

The depth of the tire pattern depends on the type and purpose of the wheels. We will talk about this in the article.

Summer tire tread height

For an ordinary car new tire tread height is 7.5-8.5mm. Provided that you purchase tires for movement on asphalt roads for general use.

If the motorist owns an SUV or crossover and often goes off-road, the tread depth should be around 17 mm, due to the protruding cups and lugs.

Just in case, we recall that from January 1, 2015, new clauses were introduced into the rules for allowing vehicles to operate, according to which residual tread depth must not be less than 1.6 mm for passenger cars. This applies to both summer and winter tires. Although, it is advisable to install new tires when the tread has worn down to 2 mm. The court has a special badge - TWI, which determines the degree of wear.

You need to understand that there are no specific standards for the height of the tread of new rubber. If you visit a serious store, you should first of all pay attention to the manufacturer: Nokian, Michelin, Goodyear, Bridgestone and many others. These companies are renowned high quality, therefore, by purchasing their products, you will be completely satisfied.

The tread height will be within 8 mm. Its reduction is allowed in cases where we are talking about tires for high-speed driving in sports mode. The depth then can be about 5-6 millimeters.

Winter tire tread height

For winter tires, tread depth is critical. If in summer you can safely drive on dry asphalt on almost “bald” tires, then in winter your safety depends on the quality of tires, especially when driving at high speeds.

Winter "shoes" for passenger cars can be divided into three types:

• studded;
• Scandinavian type;
• frictional.

The Scandinavian type and spikes are specially made for frosty and snowy winters. The tread depth of new winter tires is 9-10 millimeters. The Scandinavian type of tires is characterized by an asymmetric sparse pattern. Rectangular cups push through snow and ice, which are discharged through small slots - lamellae.

Studs, in principle, do the same job - break up snow and ice, providing traction.

For driving on asphalt, such rubber, of course, is suitable, but it will make a lot of noise. In addition, you risk losing all the spikes when braking hard on bare pavement.

The friction type of winter tires is ideal for driving in warm winters with little snow, in slush and mud. The tread depth here is usually about 9-11 mm. Thanks to thin slots and lugs, the adhesion surface with wet asphalt increases, and all moisture is removed through the lamellas. As a rule, friction rubber has a symmetrical tread pattern.

Good winter tires typically last 4 seasons. That is, the protector is erased much more slowly than in summer.

Tread depth by size

It is also worth noting that the tread height largely depends on the size. Yes, for summer tires depth will be:

• 165/70 R13 - 7-7.5 mm;
• 175/70 R13 - 7-9 mm.

If we talk about universal or winter tires, then the picture is as follows:

• 175/70 R13 - 9-11 mm;
• 187/70 R14 - up to 12 mm;
• 195-205 for 14 - 11-15 mm.

In Russia, in particular, there is a specially approved methodology, which provides the recommended parameters. Domestic manufacturers adhere to them so that the products comply with GOST.

Truck and off-road tires

Truck tires are not divided into summer and winter. They initially come with a powerful deep tread designed for a specific type of coating.

For example, the depth of our popular drawings - rhombuses, goose foot - also depends on the size:

• 240/260-508 (ZIL, GAZ-3307) - 16.3-18.3 mm;
• 280/300/320-508 (LAZ, MAZ, KAMAZ, ZIL) - up to 23 mm.

Well, for special rubber, for example, for mining dump trucks, the requirements are special and the depth can significantly exceed the indicated values.

For crossovers and SUVs with a size of 205-255 and a radius of 15-18 inches, off-road, the tread depth ranges from 12 to 17 millimeters. In principle, there is no special need to measure this parameter - height, when buying at a dealer store, since the quality and condition can be seen with the naked eye.

Tires are one of the most important elements that affect such characteristics of the car, which are directly related to the safety of its operation. They provide direct adhesion of the wheels to the road surface. The stability and controllability of the car while driving, the efficient operation of the braking system, and the car's patency in various road conditions depend on the condition and degree of wear of tires.

Proper operation and timely replacement of worn tires allows you to ensure not only the reliable operation of the car, but also the personal safety of the driver, passengers and other road users.

Types of tires and their features

The main indicator of the health of tires is the state of their tread, which is in direct contact with the surface of the road surface when the car is moving. It is an outer layer of rubber in the form of a three-dimensional pattern of various types, the shape and dimensions of which depend on the conditions of their operation.

Depending on seasonality (season), tires for a car are:

• summer;
• winter;
• all-weather.

The tread height (depth) of modern summer tires is approximately 6-8mm. Its design is designed to effectively remove water from the point of contact between the tires and the road surface, reducing the possibility of the “hydroplaning” effect that breaks the grip of the wheels with the road surface.

For winter tires, the tread height is approximately 8-12mm. The main purpose of its pattern is to increase the reliability of tire grip on a snowy or icy road surface. For this, the protector additionally contains special lamellas or spikes.

All-season tires can be used at any time of the year due to the special composition of the rubber, which retains its elasticity low temperatures as well as in hot weather.

A separate category includes tires for cross-country vehicles, the tread of which has an increased height of up to 15-20 mm and is designed to ensure maximum vehicle cross-country ability in off-road conditions.

The main factors affecting tire wear

Tire wear is affected by the following factors:

• total mileage of the car;
• constant monitoring of normal tire pressure;
• correct adjustment of the camber and convergence of the wheels;
• the use of the appropriate type of tires;
• vehicle operating conditions;
• accepted driving style.

During the daily operation of the car, natural wear of the tread and the gradual aging of tires occur. The service life of modern car tires is about 10 years, but usually they need to be replaced after six seasons of operation.

Proper operation of tires of the appropriate type, constant monitoring of tire pressure and periodic checks of wheel angles for camber and toe can significantly increase their service life.

Accelerated and uneven wear is caused by improper wheel alignment and the use of tires that do not correspond to the seasonality of their use. Rapid wear also contributes to the operation of the car on uneven roads, constant driving in the urban cycle and an aggressive driving style, characterized by sharp acceleration and braking.

Methods for determining tire wear

The minimum allowable tread height for summer tires is 1.6mm, for winter tires - 4mm.

You can determine the degree of wear of a tire and the need to replace it in the following ways:

1. Using a special ruler or caliper with a depth gauge.
2. With improvised means, for example, an ordinary 10 kopeck coin, inserting it with an edge into the tread groove. If at the same time only the rim hides on the coin, then the tire wear is critical and its urgent replacement is required. If the coin hides the ornament, then the winter tire needs to be replaced soon. summer tires wear is considered acceptable. If the inscription "kopecks" overlaps, then everything is in order.
3. According to the wear indicator, made in the form of a separate protrusion on the tire. If the height of the tread pattern is equal to its height, then the tire needs to be replaced.
4. By the appearance of a special colored layer on the tread, signaling the maximum allowable wear of the tire.

When checking the degree of tread wear, measurements must be taken at several different points along the entire circumference and width of the tire to determine its uniformity. With different values ​​of the tread height in different places of the tire surface, it is necessary to check the adjustment of the wheel alignment angles for camber and convergence.

During a visual inspection of tires, you should also pay attention to the general external state tires, the absence of cracks, cuts, cord breaks and other mechanical damage on its tread and sidewalls. If such defects are found and it is impossible to eliminate them, the tire must be completely replaced, since its further use can lead to emergency situations with serious consequences.

If it is impossible to completely replace the tires on the car, first of all, new tires should be installed on the drive wheels. In any case, you need to install new tires at the same time on one axle so as not to impair the handling of the car.

And it applies to all car enthusiasts. Do not take five minutes to read, so that at the beginning of the year you do not turn out to be a black sheep.

On January 1, 2015, the Decree of the Government comes into force Russian Federation N 588 of July 15, 2013 "On Amendments to Certain Acts of the Government of the Russian Federation".

(1) Clause 5.1 of the annex to the Basic Provisions on the admission of vehicles for operation and the duties of officials to ensure road safety (an annex to the SDA) has been completely revised.

Application. LIST OF FAULTS AND CONDITIONS UNDER WHICH OPERATION OF VEHICLES IS PROHIBITED
5.1. Passenger car tires have a residual tread height of less than 1.6 mm, trucks - 1 mm, buses - 2 mm, motorcycles and mopeds - 0.8 mm.
Note. For trailers, the norms of the residual height of the tire tread pattern are established, similar to the norms for tires of vehicles - tractors.

5.1. The remaining depth of the tire tread pattern (in the absence of wear indicators) is no more than:
for vehicles of categories L - 0.8 mm;
for vehicles of categories N2, N3, O3, O4 - 1 mm;
for vehicles of categories M1, N1, O1, O2 - 1.6 mm;
for vehicles of categories M2, M3 - 2 mm.
The remaining tread depth of winter tires intended for operation on icy or snowy road surfaces, marked with a sign in the form of a mountain peak with three peaks and a snowflake inside it, as well as marked with signs "M+S", "M&S", "M S" (when absence of wear indicators), during operation on the specified coating is no more than 4 mm.
Note. The designation of the vehicle category in this paragraph is established in accordance with Appendix No. 1 to the technical regulation on the safety of wheeled vehicles, approved by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of September 10, 2009 No. 720.

(2) Simplified classification of categories of vehicles in accordance with Appendix N 1 of the "Technical Regulations on the Safety of Wheeled Vehicles" approved by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation N 720 of September 10, 2009, as amended on October 6, 2011.

L- Motor vehicles.

M1 - Vehicles used for the carriage of passengers and having not more than eight seats in addition to the driver's seat.

M2- Vehicles used for the carriage of passengers, having, in addition to the driver's seat, more than eight seats, the technically permissible maximum mass of which does not exceed 5 tons.

M3- Vehicles used for the carriage of passengers, having, in addition to the driver's seat, more than eight seats, the technically permissible maximum mass of which exceeds 5 tons.

N1- Vehicles intended for the carriage of goods, having a technically permissible maximum mass of not more than 3.5 tons.

N2- Vehicles intended for the carriage of goods, having a technically permissible maximum mass of more than 3.5 tons, but not more than 12 tons.

N3- Vehicles intended for the carriage of goods, having a technically permissible maximum mass of more than 12 tons.

O1- Trailers, technically permissible maximum mass of which is not more than 0.75 tons.

O2- Trailers, the technically permissible maximum weight of which is over 0.75 tons, but not more than 3.5 tons.

O3- Trailers, the technically permissible maximum weight of which is over 3.5 tons, but not more than 10 tons.

O4- Trailers with a technically permissible maximum mass of more than 10 tons.

Notes:

1. A vehicle intended for the carriage of passengers and goods, having, in addition to the driver's seat, no more than eight seats, belongs to the category:

M, if the product of the number of passengers provided for by the design and the conditional mass of one passenger (68 kg) exceeds the mass of the cargo transported simultaneously with the passengers;

N if this condition is not met.

A vehicle designed for the carriage of passengers and goods, having, in addition to the driver's seat, more than eight seats, belongs to category M.

2. In the case of semi-trailers and trailers with a centrally located axle(s), the technically permissible maximum mass shall be taken to be the static vertical load transmitted to the ground by the axle or axles of a semi-trailer and a trailer with a centrally located axle(s) coupled to a prime mover and a trailer with a centrally located axle(s).

Be careful and monitor the technical condition of your cars