How to open a museum from scratch: a business plan with calculations. Museum business plan Is it possible to open a museum in a private house

The museum is one of the types of entertainment business and the same approach is needed to open it. Consider the main advantages and disadvantages of starting a business, key success factors, as well as the financial performance of the business (cost structure and profitability). We will analyze the choice of the form of organization legal entity to open a museum. In the article, we will consider how to open a museum from scratch.

Advantages and disadvantages of opening a museum

The main target audience of the museum: children, students and young people under 30 years old. There are many subspecies of the museum, focused on their visitors. Consider the key advantages and disadvantages of starting a business.

Many famous museums began their existence with private collections, for example: Tretyakovskaya Art Gallery, Museum of Soviet slot machines in Moscow, a museum of retro cars, etc. The museum can be created commercial organization for the purpose of making a profit and their own financial security. If the museum assumes its functioning at the expense of external funding, donations and contributions of participants, then the museum is registered as an NPO (non-profit association).

How to open a private museum from scratch: business registration, taxation

To register with the tax office of a private company, an individual entrepreneur or LLC is created. The table below analyzes the main benefits as well as required list documents for each form of business. When registering for OKVED, choose the main activity:

92.52- “Activities of museums and protection of historical sites and buildings”

The best choice of taxation system for a museum would be the simplified taxation system (STS) with the accrual of tax on income with an interest rate of 6% (provided that more than 70% of income is generated by museum activities!).

In addition, the activities of museums are classified as privileged types and reduced rates are applied to them. interest rates 26% for insurance contributions to the PFR, FSS and MHIF, while for other types of activities 34%.

How to open a museum from scratch?

This video describes in detail how to open a private museum using the experience of Natalia Potapova, co-founder of the Experimentanium museum of entertaining sciences, as an example: what are the main difficulties that arise in the opening process, how to do it without state support, etc.

Location and premises for the museum

The museum often requires large spaces and rooms from 300 to 1000 m². Larger premises increase the rent and fixed costs of the business. In particular, rental costs are reflected in major cities: Moscow, St. Petersburg, Yekaterinburg, where in the city center the cost of 1 m² starts from 10,000 rubles. The complexity of opening a museum in the center makes it compete with business facilities, offices with high rents. Therefore, museums often open in former industrial facilities: power plants (Tate Modern gallery in London), winery (Winzavod Museum in Moscow). If the room is small up to 300m², then it will be more economical to buy a room, for large areas it is more profitable to rent.

Since museums are entertainment venues, the location should be in a place of recreation for residents or tourist visits. An important feature when choosing the location of the museum is its walking distance, the closer it is to places of recreation and lively crowds of people, the more visitors will be able to attract. Park areas are great, for example, Gorky Park in Moscow, where the men of modern art “Garage” and the Central House of Artists (CHA) are located nearby, the Cosmonautics Museum is located next to VDNKh, and next to the Moscow Planetarium zoo. Majority cultural objects is located in the city center (more than 80% of museums in Moscow are located within the boulevard ring) and in close proximity to each other, which creates a cultural and entertainment cluster.

If you do not have the original premises, then you can make exhibitions of exhibits in the premises of other museums. To do this, you need to agree on the presentation of your collection and its advertising.

Museum staff

The main staff of the museum: an expert who keeps track of newly arriving exhibits, a guide, an accountant, a content manager who maintains and fills the site. If the collection is aimed at foreign tourists, then the role of a guide who speaks English, German or Chinese is important. It should be noted that museum exhibits in the accounting department are accounted for as fixed assets and are not subject to depreciation.

There are many interesting museums and collections, we have listed 5 interesting museums.

1. "International UFO Museum and Research Center" (Roswell, New Mexico, USA) - was founded in 1991 and is a collection of photographs and observations of UFOs. Oriented to fans, science fiction and esoteric lovers.
2. "Museum Star Wars” – a museum of lovers and admirers cult film"Star Wars".
3. “Museum of Soviet Slot Machines” – for all those who were born in the USSR and feel nostalgic for that time.
4. “Museum of Bad Art” (USA, Massachusetts) - collected from exhibits that are not prohibited from displaying in other museums.
5. "Boxing Museum" - focused on boxing amateurs and professionals, opened in the sports palace of Jean-Claude Butier in Sannoy.

It can be seen that the success of the museum was due to a narrow focus on a specific target group: science fiction writers, fans of the Star Wars movie, athletes, residents of the USSR, etc. It is important to take a sufficiently large target group when creating your museum, this will ensure a constant influx of visitors.

Private Museum Costs

Initial investment costs for opening a private museum ~1,200,000 rubles. (furniture ~ 200,000 rubles, ~ racks 100,000 rubles, showcases ~ 100,000 rubles, decoration and repair of the premises ~ 400,000 rubles, supply and exhaust ventilation ~ 500,000 rubles).

The museum's biggest cost of compiling/purchasing collection items!

Key fixed costs after the opening of the museum: rent of the premises, including utility bills, wage, expenses for the maintenance of the collection, promotion and advertising on the Internet, current costs for printing and other insurance expenses from the Pension Fund of the Russian Federation, the Social Insurance Fund and the Compulsory Medical Insurance Fund. The main costs are for renting premises, therefore, to reduce costs, it is recommended to use: industrial facilities, basement floors, semi-basements in the city center. It is also recommended to create a reserve fund to pay key costs (rent and wages to employees) for one year in advance, this will allow you to function even with adverse market changes and losses.

Business Financial Performance

The main time for visiting the museum is the evening hours (19:00-22:00) on weekdays and weekends. This creates uneven income cash flow. Average check in museums is 300-700 rubles, you can attract students and young people with various discounts, promotions and bonuses in the daytime. The payback period for a private museum is 1.5-3 years. The museum's monthly revenue is ~500,000 rubles, net profit minus fixed costs is ~100,000 rubles.

Evaluation of the attractiveness of a business by a magazine site

Business Profitability	(3.0 out of 5)	Business Attractiveness 3.3
Project payback	(3.0 out of 5)
Ease of starting a business	(3.8 out of 5)
Opening a private museum as a business will be successful only if you focus on a specific target audience(Star Wars fans, boxers born in the USSR, etc.) and a clear understanding of what they might be interested in and what to excite in the created collection. The second important aspect is the location of the museum, it is recommended to be located in the city center in places where tourists and tourists gather. The payback period of the initial costs is ~1.5-3 years, depending on the size of the target audience.

Not so long ago I went to Yaroslavl, a city that is part of the “Golden Ring” of our country.
I was there, in the museum "Music and Time". The director of this museum, D. Mostovsky, is simply magnificent circus performer, from the earliest years he collected bells. Everyone laughed at him, called him a fool, an idiot, and so on. Nobody wanted to understand a person's hobbies. Even his wife did not share his views. So she said: “Do not believe the people who laugh at you because of the bells, they just do not know that you are a fool from birth.”
As time went on, the collection of bells grew - these were arched bells with the inscriptions “Take me, give me”, and bells with which the troikas traveled, etc.

Simultaneously with the collection of bells, a collection of watches gradually began to appear ... It must be said that watches are unusual. For example, there are 30 different melodies for the grandfather clock of the German company Sauer. The restoration of each copy took from three to five years. Every watch is time, every time is a second, every second is a moment of history, and besides, the fate of the owner.

One clock was translated by A.P. Chekhov himself, the other clocks were translated by F.I. Chaliapin. The man, who remained retired after being fired from the Circus, began to think about how to live on, and the idea came to his mind about creating a private museum not subject to the state. He immediately grabbed it and began to implement.

The first thing he did was to buy an already half-running house of a local merchant, placing his collection on three floors.

Nobody believed him that he would be able to raise this house to its feet, everyone said, “Why do you need it - don’t go there.” Despite all the exclamations, he still bought it, restored it. And he makes a profit from it. But, like everywhere else, he has to trade in every little thing, souvenirs - this is his main income.

But the most interesting thing he does is play the hurdy-gurdy as parting before the group leaves, and people leave him as much as they can. His income is so great that this moment he bought an Organ in Germany and is restoring a separate building especially for it near his museum. In five years, people will be walking in the park and listening to J.S. Bach.

Today, many businessmen of Vladimir, Tula, Yaroslavl. open their own private museums, because it is a profitable and very profitable investment. For example, in Tula, a businessman opened a museum of teapots and a museum of irons. What's interesting is people go there.

To open a museum, you need to solve almost the same tasks as when opening a Firm.

Come up with an idea, preferably competitive, find permanent sources

Financing, placement in a passable place, recruit professional staff, etc.

STEP 1. IDEAS AND MOTIVATION

Absolutely any private museum begins with an interest in collecting. After There are enough exhibits in the collection to put it on public display, it is clearly Determine the motivation, it will largely determine the future museum policy. Want to Do you Open Museum to display its collection, or to find

Like-minded people and create a club of interests, or you want to earn money (rare case, An example is the Vodka Museum).

STEP 2. ROOM

The next step is the room. “It is advisable to acquire the premises, as Calm down, - says Dmitry Shneerson, director of the private Museum of the History of Photography. - The main disadvantage of the rented premises is the ever-growing rental rates.” There are also Another way is to look for a sponsor, for example large enterprise or an institution that could Place a museum in your building, or try to get premises for a cultural institution from Municipal authorities on the terms of preferential rent. So, the departmental museum became Created on a private initiative, the museum “Anna Akhmatova. silver Age» in Avtovo, and Municipal premises were leased to several museums, including the Gramophone Museum And phonographs by Vladimir Deryabkin.

STEP 3. STAFF

Even a small museum should have at least 5 Employees. Second The man after the director - Conditionally - the main keeper. He must understand the Funds, keep records, know where The object is located, when and which exhibits should be restored, etc. Often he also performs Function Exhibition curator and decides which exhibits can be offered for display. You will also have to provide for the position of an accountant and a cleaner, you may need and conservation of exhibits, computer technician for equipment maintenance And maintaining the Internet site, as well as a guide, preferably with knowledge foreign language.

STEP 4. BUDGET

If the museum operates in its own premises, then among the main monthly expenses - Salary, utility bills, restoration, website content, printing - leaflets,

Posters, brochures. The cost of buying exhibits from a private museum is not standardized. Even Guess how much you can buy new item, is not possible in advance.

Some exhibits can be received for free: donors like that their item will be Be in a museum.

Spread about the value of the collection among private museum workers is considered unsafe. “Once we start talking about what is worth, people will decide that we are getting Gifts and sell for big money, - says Dmitriy Schneerson. - Therefore, in our museum Generally there are no fees Services . We do not sell tickets, books, photos, cameras in We do not rent, otherwise suspicions will immediately begin that this is a shop, a cover for a serious commercial structure". The income of museums is made up of entrance fees and Excursions . Charitable donations, less often - grants for projects. To earn and achieve Payback, you can rent out premises, for example, for presentations, special events.

STEP 5. ACTIVITIES

In addition to designing a permanent exhibition, it makes sense to hold temporary exhibitions from our own funds and in collaboration with other collectors or artists. This is a good information occasion: exhibition announcements get into the media posters, which increases the flow of visitors. Thus, the Museum of the History of Photography holds exhibitions of Russian and foreign photographers, the private Puppet Museum - exhibitions from private collections. The non-state Nabokov Museum also hosts concerts, lectures, and performances.

Dmitry Shneerson, Director of the Museum of the History of Photography and Chairman of the Board of the Era Fund for the effective disposal of assets, opened his museum from Great love to photography.

$ 2 - 5 thousand - monthly costs for the maintenance of a private museum in its own premises, not counting the purchase of exhibits.

Interviewed representatives of small businesses believe that it will be possible to talk about the consequences of the crisis only in a couple of months. In general, it will be expressed in the behavior of buyers - they will become more demanding ...

For example, one of the Threats of Entrepreneurs is contractors who use the crisis in their favor. The advice of experts is to clearly spell out penalties in contracts. "There is such an expression now -" mow down under the Crisis "". …

1. Financial difficulties (inability to recoup investments or decrease in the profitability of the Business). 2. For personal reasons (“tired of business”, “investments are needed to implement a new Project”, etc.). 3. Reselling a business as a way...

As in any other museum, the basis of a private museum is the presentation of collections. various items that might be of interest to the public. Collecting is based on collecting, and collecting is based on a passion for some objects. Many people in childhood or already in adulthood are fond of collecting a wide variety of items, from coins and music records to paintings and antiques. And few people realize that their hobby can be combined with enough profitable business. If you have an interest in collecting, and already have some collections of some items that may be of interest to other people, then you can tell people about your hobby, find like-minded people with similar interests, and also make money on your hobby. And even if you have never been interested in collecting different items, it is never too late to start, and it is not at all scary if there are not so many items in your collection to begin with. It is important that what you would like to present in your private museum is really interesting to you, since this almost guarantees the success of the case, if you are sincerely interested in items from your collection, then it will increase quickly, you will be all time to fill it up with interesting novelties. The main thing is to start collecting something that is really interesting to you, and then you will even have some passion for collecting, and you will find more and more collectibles, and so with several collections you can already open your own private museum.

Here, for example, is a very interesting story about the famous private museum of the city of Yaroslavl, which is called "Music and Time". So, the director of this museum from childhood began to get involved in collecting various bells, in childhood no one paid much attention to this, but time passed, and with age, the love for collecting such objects only intensified, and the people around did not understand this, considered it strange and did not take this hobby seriously. Behind long years the collection has grown significantly and, in addition, a new hobby for collecting a collection of watches has appeared. The watch was quite unusual, many were used before famous people and had an honorable age, the collector was engaged in the restoration of some for years, in his spare time. But then, after being fired and retired, this man began to think about what he should do next and remembered his collections. And then he got the idea to create a private museum independent of the state, since the collections were already decent and he, like most collectors, wanted them to be presented to the public. First of all, of course, it was necessary to resolve the issue of premises, and he bought an old building, on which he spent a lot of time and effort on restoration. Now the museum brings such income to its owner that it allowed to significantly expand the museum and purchase an expensive organ in Germany, which he decided to place in a specially purchased room next to the museum so that people could walk in the museum park and listen to music.

It may sound a bit complicated that you need to first collect several collections in order to have something to show, but in fact, if you start to get involved in collecting any items that fascinate you, then the collection grows quite quickly, depending on the cost and rarity items. And also, if you are interested in opening a private museum to a greater extent as a fairly profitable business, and you do not want to spend long time for collecting, you can simply buy a few collections of various interesting items and open your own museum, but without forgetting that for the success of the museum must be constantly evolving.

In any case, for the success of such a business, it will not be enough just to have material that would be placed in a potential museum, it is also necessary to study the basic rules and principles for the functioning of such a business. To open a private museum, you must follow a series of procedures very similar to those required when opening a private company. As in any other business, success in such a business also depends on factors such as the availability of a competitive and relevant idea, sources of stable funding, good placement of the museum premises, and, of course, professional staff.

If you have exhibits, then you need to determine the motivation and ideology of your museum. The next step, of course, will be the issue of a room, which, if possible, is better to buy than to rent, since various unforeseen situations may arise if the premises do not belong to you, and constant instability in the cost of rent will also not contribute to stable development. affairs. If it is not possible to buy a room, you can try to find a sponsor, a larger institution that would agree to place a museum in its premises, or you can get more acceptable conditions renting a room in some cultural institution of the municipal authorities. After resolving the issue with the premises, it is necessary to select a staff for the museum, at least this is an accountant, a specialist who will monitor the state of the exhibit and their restoration, a computer technician, to work with the museum’s equipment and website, to promote on the Internet, a guide is also desirable with knowledge of a foreign language and a cleaner.

The staff has been selected, now we need to develop a budget, salaries for employees, payment for rent if the premises are not our own, utility bills, advertising, and the cost of purchasing exhibits.
And once again it should be repeated that in order for a private museum to be successful, it must constantly develop and be replenished periodically with new exhibits.

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Reviews (7)

The site contains a business plan for the museum, which we recommend to draw the attention of thoughtful and serious people who would like to have a promising business. Yes, each museum is not just one exposition, it is a certain world that needs regular additions and updates. In this way, it will be possible to attract people here, to achieve their interest and recognition of the institution. And ultimately, the profitability of the project will depend on people.

If in doubt, study the finished document, which will show you the real prospects and relevance of this case. However, much here will depend on your imagination. What kind of museum will it be? Artistic or ethnographic, maritime or thematic, dedicated to clothes, dolls, utensils, coins? Or maybe your museum will offer places for the most different expositions? It is worth thinking about this in advance.

When studying information on the opening of the museum, remember that at the first stage it is important to decide on the premises and the first exhibition. The room should be spacious enough to accommodate exhibits and visitors, bright, located in a crowded place, preferably in a separate building. Another nuance: the selection of guides who could captivate museum visitors with their story, interest them so that they would like to come back here again.

Private museum- is no longer such a rarity in our country. Although most entrepreneurs are still perplexed: how can you get an acceptable profit on organizing a museum? In fact, there is nothing fantastic about it. The main activity of a private museum is to present exhibits of a certain direction and attract visitors who, purely hypothetically, are willing to pay money to view this collection.

Quite a reasonable question: for what in this case will people agree to pay? And the success of the whole event depends on how correctly you will be able to solve the task assigned to you. The advantage in this matter belongs to active collectors who have been collecting some things for many years - coins, weapons, music records or even antiques. If the collection is rich enough, it may already be of interest to museum visitors. And if several collectors manage to unite, the value of the museum will increase significantly.

Such a hobby as collecting may well become the basis for successful business. A variety of exhibits can be of interest to potential visitors to the museum, the main thing is to be able to serve it with the appropriate sauce. Items simply dumped in several heaps are unlikely to interest a person who accidentally came to you from the street. But competently and attractively designed stands and shelves will allow you to present your collection in the most favorable light.

Of course, the exhibits of the collection should be interesting to people. It can be watches made by masters of different eras, antique household items, dolls and much more. If your collection is not wide enough to make a full-fledged exposition, chat with like-minded people, light them up with your idea. But at the same time, remember: just the desire to create a museum will not be enough for you.

The first issue that you have to decide is related to finding a suitable location. It should be conveniently located and to some extent correspond to the image of your collection. To do this, you will need the appropriate design, made in uniform style with the spirit of the exhibition, it will draw additional attention to your museum. In order to use the premises as a museum, you must obtain permission from the local authorities.

In order for the business to develop actively, you should carefully study all the subtleties and rules of its functioning. And a competent museum business plan, drawn up by professionals in their field, will provide you with invaluable assistance in this. After reading this document, you will understand how important it is to correctly assess factors such as the availability of stable funding sources, the level of competition, as well as the relevance of your idea. Don't forget about the state, because an experienced guide will help visitors pay attention to the most interesting exhibits collections, which will increase the popularity of your private museum.

Museum business plan reviews (7)

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Museum business plan

Mukim Nazari
Very good! Thank you! Everything is very detailed and easy to understand even for beginners.


Mukim, thank you for your response. We are always happy when people try to create something not only for the sake of enrichment, but also for the benefit of other people. And the museum belongs to such projects. We hope that the business plan will help you organize this project. We wish you success.

Museum business plan

Magomed
Hello! Thank you very much for your business plan. Lots of useful and necessary information received from you. But, unfortunately, it doesn't work for me. The thing is, my father. the history teacher has been collecting various household and other items for a long time. After his departure, I continued his work, allocated a room of 4-4 m. and decided to exhibit the collected exhibits there, wrote short information both on objects and on the history of the village, etc. In 2014, in the year of culture, I was offered to organize a regional museum of local history with my exhibits. I agreed and even moved all the exhibits to the indicated room. However, the room turned out to be smaller than my home. Since they promised me to allocate another room, I continued to work.
In 2015, they told me that the state was closing and asked me to take the exhibits wherever I wanted. So they returned home.
Now I decided to expand the room to 60 square meters. m. and somehow enter the legal field such as individual entrepreneurs or NGOs so that the museum has an official status. We are not talking about commerce, loans, and it is useless, since I live in a small locality. True, there are visitors, but these are schoolchildren and local residents.
In light of the above, I just wanted to know what would be best for me to do and what to do in such a situation. So I started searching the Internet for information about museums and their activities.
Once again, thank you for your response and even a little help. And I apologize for the frank opus. Good luck to you!


Mohammed, thank you for the detailed review! On the contrary, we are pleased to hear when our work helps not only develop business, but also initiatives like yours. We wish you success and further development!

Museum business plan

Alla
I ordered a business plan for the museum and was very pleased with it. There is absolutely no need for great accuracy in numbers or other indicators. Everyone has their own idea different from many others. After studying the Plan, I ordered a second business plan for the production of furniture. I'm even happier with this plan. After combining this information, I made great plan creation of the Furniture Museum and now I am choosing an investor.


God, thank you for your feedback. We are glad that both business plans turned out to be useful for you and wish you successful negotiations with investors!

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