The most terrible death camp of the Germans. The most terrible concentration camps in Germany

The most interesting documents were recently published by the blogger http://komandante-07.livejournal.com/, testifying to the atrocities of Ukrainian nationalists from the OUN-UPA against the Poles in the 1940s. True evidence that now European and American politicians and officials who support the Kyiv junta are trying in every way to ignore, in fact the regime of the descendants of those fascist Ukrainian radicals who bled 70 years ago Eastern Europe. Look, and who can, show this to the Europeans and Americans - whom they brought to power in Kyiv and to whom they are ready to provide military assistance! This is madness…

And of course, the most inexplicable absurdity is that Poland, as the country most affected by the OUN-UPA, now openly supports the descendants of Ukrainian radicals, the same ones who tortured and killed thousands of Poles less than a century ago - women, children and the elderly! Doesn't it work anymore historical memory of the Polish people or did national wounds heal after a terrible tragedy, in just some 70 years!?

On foreground children - Janusz Belavsky, 3 years old, son of Adele; Roman Belavsky, 5 years old, son of Cheslava, as well as Jadwiga Belavska, 18 years old and others. These listed Polish victims are the result of a massacre committed by the OUN-UPA.

LIPNIKI, Kostopol county, Lutsk voivodship. March 26, 1943.
The corpses of the Poles, victims of the massacre committed by the OUN-UPA, were brought for identification and burial. Standing behind the fence is Jerzy Skulski, who saved a life with the firearm he had (seen in the photo).




Two-handed saw - good, but long. An ax is faster. The picture shows a Polish family hacked to death by Bandera in Maciew (Lukov), February 1944. Something lies on a pillow in the far corner. It's hard to see from here.


And lie there - severed human fingers. Before they died, Bandera tortured their victims.

LIPNIKI, Kostopol county, Lutsk voivodship. March 26, 1943.
The central fragment of the mass grave of the Poles - victims of the Ukrainian massacre committed by the OUN - UPA (OUN - UPA) - before the funeral near the People's House.

KATARZYNÓWKA, Lutsk county, Lutsk voivodship. May 7/8, 1943.
There are three children on the plan: two sons of Piotr Mekal and Aneli from Gvyazdovsky - Janusz (3 years old) with broken limbs and Marek (2 years old), stabbed with bayonets, and in the middle lies the daughter of Stanislav Stefanyak and Maria from Boyarchuk - Stasya (5 years old) with cut and open tummy and insides out, as well as broken limbs.

VLADINOPOL (WŁADYNOPOL), region, Vladimir county, Lutsk voivodeship. 1943.
In the photo, a murdered adult woman named Shayer and two children - Polish victims of the Bandera terror attacked in the house of the OUN - UPA (OUN - UPA).
Demonstration of the photograph marked W - 3326, courtesy of the archive.


One of the two Kleshchinsky families in Podyarkovo was tortured to death by the OUN - UPA on August 16, 1943. The photo shows a family of four - a wife and two children. The victims had their eyes gouged out, they were hit on the head, their palms were burned, they tried to cut off the upper and lower limbs, as well as the hands, stab wounds were inflicted all over the body, etc.

PODYARKOV (PODJARKÓW), Bobrka County, Lviv Voivodeship. August 16, 1943.
Kleshchinska, a member of a Polish family in Podiarkovo, was the victim of an OUN-UPA attack. The result of an ax blow by an attacker who tried to cut off his right hand and ear, as well as the torment inflicted, was a round stab wound on the left shoulder, a wide wound on the forearm of the right hand, probably from its cauterization.

PODYARKOV (PODJARKÓW), Bobrka County, Lviv Voivodeship. August 16, 1943.
View inside the house of the Polish Kleshchinsky family in Podyarkovo after the attack of the OUN-UPA terrorists on August 16, 1943. The photograph shows the ropes, called “krepulets” by Bandera, used for sophisticated infliction of torment and strangulation of Polish victims.

January 22, 1944, a woman with 2 children was killed in the village of Bushe (Polish family Popiel)

LIPNIKI (LIPNIKI), Kostopil County, Lutsk Voivodeship. March 26, 1943. View before the funeral. Polish victims of the night massacre committed by the OUN-UPA brought to the People's House.


OSTRÓWKI and WOLA OSTROWIECKA, Luboml powiat, Lutsk voivodeship. August 1992.
The result of the 17-22 August 1992 exhumation of the victims of the massacre of Poles, located in the villages of Ostrówki and Volya Ostrovetska, committed by the terrorists of the OUN - UPA (OUN - UPA). Ukrainian sources from Kyiv from 1988 report the total number of victims in the two villages listed - 2,000 Poles.
Photo: Dziennik Lubelski, Magazyn, nr. 169, Wyd. A., 28 - 30 VIII 1992, s. 9, za: VHS - Produkcja OTV Lublin, 1992.

BŁOŻEW GÓRNA, Dobromil County, Lviv Voivodeship. November 10, 1943.
On the eve of November 11 - Folk Holiday Independence - UPA attacked 14 Poles, in particular, the Sukhaya family, using various cruelties. On the plan, the murdered Maria Grabowska (maiden name Suhai), 25 years old, with her daughter Kristina, 3 years old. The mother was stabbed with a bayonet, and the daughter's jaw was broken and her tummy was torn open.
The photo was published thanks to the victim's sister, Helena Kobierzicka.

LATACH (LATACZ), Zalishchyky county, Tarnopol voivodeship. December 14, 1943.
One of the Polish families - Stanislav Karpyak in the village of Latach, was killed by a UPA gang of twelve people. Six people died: Maria Karpyak - wife, 42 years old; Josef Karpyak - son, 23 years old; Vladislav Karpyak - son, 18 years old; Zygmunt or Zbigniew Karpyak - son, 6 years old; Sofia Karpyak - daughter, 8 years old and Genovef Chernitska (nee Karpyak) - 20 years old. Zbigniew Czernicki, a one and a half year old wounded child, was hospitalized in Zalishchyky. Visible in the picture is Stanislav Karpyak, who escaped because he was absent.

POLOVETS (POŁOWCE), region, Chortkiv county, Ternopil voivodeship. January 16 - 17, 1944.
A forest near Yagelnitsa, called Rosokhach. The process of identifying 26 corpses of Polish residents of the village of Polovtse, killed by the UPA. The names and surnames of the victims are known. The occupying German authorities officially established that the victims were stripped naked and brutally tortured and tortured. The faces were bloody as a result of cutting off noses, ears, cutting the neck, gouging out the eyes and strangulation with ropes, the so-called lasso.

BUSCHE (BUSZCZE), Berezhany county, Ternopil voivodeship. January 22, 1944.
On the plan, one of the victims of the massacre is Stanislav Kuzev, 16 years old, tortured by the UPA. We see an open belly, as well as stab wounds - wide and smaller round. On a critical day, Bandera burned several Polish courtyards and brutally killed at least 37 Poles, including 7 women and 3 small children. 13 people were wounded.

CHALUPKI (CHAŁUPKI), settlements of the village of Barshchowice, Lviv county, Lviv voivodeship. February 27 - 28, 1944.
A fragment of the Polish courtyards in Khalupki, burned by UPA terrorists after the murder of 24 residents and the robbery of movable property.

MAGDALOVKA (MAGDALÓWKA), Skalat county, Ternopil voivodeship.
Katarzyna Gorvath from Khably, 55 years old, mother of the Roman Catholic priest Jan Gorvath.
View from 1951 after plastic surgery. UPA terrorists almost completely cut off her nose, as well as her upper lip, knocked out most of her teeth, gouged out her left eye and seriously damaged her right eye. On that tragic March night in 1944, other members of this Polish family died a cruel death, and the attackers stole their property, for example, clothes, bed sheets and towels.

BIŁGORAJ, Lubelskie Voivodeship. February - March 1944.
View of the county town of Bilgoraj burned in 1944. The result of the extermination action carried out by the SS-Galicia.
The photographer is unknown. The photograph marked W - 1231 is courtesy of the archives.


We see the open stomach and insides from the outside, as well as a brush hanging on the skin - the result of an attempt to cut it off. OUN-UPA case (OUN-UPA).

BELZEC (BEŁŻEC), region, Rava Ruska county, Lviv voivodeship. June 16, 1944.
An adult woman with a visible, more than ten cm wound on the buttock, as a result of a strong blow with a sharp weapon, as well as small round wounds on the body, indicating torture. Near Small child with visible lesions on the face.


Fragment of the place of execution in the forest. Polish child among adult victims killed by Bandera. The mutilated head of a child is visible.

LUBYCZA KRÓLEWSKA, region, Rava Ruska county, Lviv voivodeship. June 16, 1944.
A fragment of the forest near the railway track near Lyubycha Krolevskaya, where UPA terrorists cunningly detained a passenger train on the Belzec - Rava Ruska - Lvov route and shot at least 47 passengers - Polish men, women and children. Previously, they mocked living people, as later on the dead. Violence was used - punches, beatings with rifle butts, and a pregnant woman was nailed to the ground with bayonets. Desecrated dead bodies. They appropriated personal documents of the victims, watches, money and other valuable items. The names and surnames of most of the victims are known.

LUBYCZA KRÓLEWSKA, forest district, Rava Ruska county, Lviv voivodeship. June 16, 1944.
Fragment of the forest - places of execution. On the ground lie Polish victims killed by Bandera. In the central plan, a naked woman is seen tied to a tree.


A fragment of the forest - the place of execution of Polish passengers killed by Ukrainian chauvinists.

LUBYCZA KRÓLEWSKA, Rava Ruska County, Lviv Voivodeship. June 16, 1944.
Fragment of the forest - places of execution. Polish women killed by Bandera

CHORTKOV (CZORTKÓW), Ternopil Voivodeship.
Two, most likely, Polish victims of the Bandera terror. There are no more detailed data regarding the names and surnames of the victims, nationality, place and circumstances of death.

— Z.D. from Poland: “Those who ran away were shot, chased and killed on horseback. On August 30, 1943, in the village of Gnoino, the headman appointed 8 Poles to work in Germany. and threw them alive into a well, into which a grenade was then thrown."

— Ch.B. from the USA: In Podlesye, that was the name of the village, Bandera tortured four from the family of the miller Petrushevsky, and 17-year-old Adolfina was dragged along a rocky rural road until she died.

— E.B. from Poland: "After the murder of the Kozubskys in Belozerka near Kremenets, the Bandera went to the Giuzikhovsky farm. Seventeen-year-old Regina jumped out the window, the bandits killed her daughter-in-law and her three-year-old son, whom she was holding in her arms. Then they set fire to the hut and left."

— A.L. from Poland: "08.30, 1943, the UPA attacked such villages and killed in them:

1. Kuty. 138 people, including 63 children.

2. Yankovits. 79 people, including 18 children.

3. Island. 439 people, including 141 children.

4. Will Ostrovetska. 529 people, including 220 children.

5. Colony Chmikov - 240 people, among them 50 children.

— M.B. from the USA: "They shot, cut with knives, burned."

— T.M. from Poland: "They hanged Ogashka, and before that they burned his hair on his head."

- M.P. from the USA: "They surrounded the village, set fire to and killed those who were fleeing."

— F.K. from the UK: “They took my daughter to a collection point near the church. About 15 people were already standing there - women and children. Centurion Golovachuk and his brother began to tie their hands and feet with barbed wire. The sister began to pray aloud, centurion Golovachuk began to beat her in the face and trample feet."

— F.B. from Canada: "Bandera came to our yard, caught our father and chopped off his head with an ax, pierced our sister with a bayonet. Mother, seeing all this, died of a broken heart."

— Yu.V. from the UK: "My brother's wife was Ukrainian, and because she married a Pole, 18 Bandera people raped her. She never recovered from this shock, her brother did not spare her, and she drowned herself in the Dniester."

- V. Ch. from Canada: "In the village of Bushkovitsy, eight Polish families were herded into a stodol, where they killed them all with axes and set fire to the stodol."

- Yu.Kh from Poland: "In March 1944, our village of Guta Shklyana was attacked by Bandera, among them was one named Didukh from the village of Oglyadov. They killed five people. They shot, finished off the wounded. Yu. Khorostetsky was cut in half with an ax. They raped a minor" .

— T.R. from Poland: "The village of Osmigovichi. 11. 07. 43, during the service of God, Bandera attacked, killed the worshipers, a week after that they attacked our village. Small children were thrown into the well, and those who were larger were closed in the basement and filled up him. One Banderite, holding a baby by the legs, hit his head against the wall. The mother of this child screamed, she was pierced with a bayonet. "

A separate, very important section in the history of evidence of the mass extermination of Poles carried out by the OUN-UPA in Volyn is the book by Y. Turovsky and V. Semashko "Atrocities of Ukrainian nationalists committed against the Polish population of Volyn 1939-1945". This book is distinguished by its objectivity. It is not imbued with hatred, although it describes the martyrdom of thousands of Poles. This book should not be read by people with weak nerves. It has 166 pages fine print lists and describes the methods of mass murder of men, women, children. Here are just a few excerpts from this book.

- On July 16, 1942, in Klevan, Ukrainian nationalists committed a provocation, prepared an anti-German leaflet in Polish. As a result, the Germans shot several dozen Poles.

November 13, 1942 Obirki, a Polish village near Lutsk. Ukrainian police under the command of the nationalist Sachkovsky, former teacher, attacked the village due to cooperation with the Soviet partisans. Women, children and the elderly were herded into one valley, where they were killed and then burned. 17 people were taken to Klevan and shot there.

- November 1942, near the village of Virka. Ukrainian nationalists tortured Jan Zelinsky by placing him bound in a fire.

- November 9, 1943, the Polish village of Parosle in the Sarny region. A gang of Ukrainian nationalists, pretending to be Soviet partisans, misled the villagers, who treated the gang during the day. In the evening, the bandits surrounded all the houses and killed the Polish population in them. 173 people were killed. Only two were saved, who were littered with corpses, and a 6-year-old boy who pretended to be killed. A later examination of the dead showed the exceptional cruelty of the executioners. Infants were nailed to tables with kitchen knives, several people were flayed, women were raped, some had their breasts cut off, many had their ears and noses cut off, their eyes gouged out, their heads cut off. After the massacre, they arranged a booze at the local headman. After the executioners left, among the scattered bottles of samogon and leftover food, they found a one-year-old child nailed to the table with a bayonet, and a piece of pickled cucumber, half-eaten by one of the bandits, stuck in his mouth.

- March 11, 1943 the Ukrainian village of Litogoshcha near Kovel. Ukrainian nationalists tortured a Pole teacher, as well as several Ukrainian families who resisted the destruction of the Poles.

- March 22, 1943, the village of Radovichi, Kovelsky district. A gang of Ukrainian nationalists dressed in German uniforms, demanding the issuance of weapons, tortured the father and two Lesnevsky brothers.

- March 1943 Zagortsy, Dubna region. Ukrainian nationalists kidnapped the farm manager, and when he ran away, the executioners stabbed him with bayonets, and then nailed him to the ground, "so that he would not get up."

March 1943. In the outskirts of Guta, Stepanskaya, Kostopol region, Ukrainian nationalists stole 18 Polish girls who were killed after being raped. The bodies of the girls were put in one row and a ribbon was placed on them with the inscription: "This is how Lyashki (Polish women) should die."

- March 1943, the village of Mosty, Kostopol district Pavel and Stanislav Bednazhi had Ukrainian wives. Both were tortured by Ukrainian nationalists. They also killed the wife of one. The second Natalka, escaped.

March 1943, the village of Banasovka, Lutsk region. A gang of Ukrainian nationalists tortured 24 Poles, their bodies were thrown into a well.

- March 1943, locality Antonovka, Sarnensky district. Jozef Eismont went to the mill. The owner of the mill, a Ukrainian, warned him of the danger. When he was returning from the mill, Ukrainian nationalists attacked him, tied him to a post, gouged out his eyes, and then cut him alive with a saw.

- July 11, 1943, the village of Biskupichi, Vladimir Volynsky district Ukrainian nationalists committed a massacre, driving the residents into the school premises. Then the family of Vladimir Yaskula was brutally murdered. The executioners broke into the house when everyone was asleep. Parents were killed with axes, and five children were placed nearby, covered with straw from mattresses and set on fire.

July 11, 1943, Svoychev settlement near Volodymyr Volynsky. Ukrainian Glembitsky killed his Polish wife, two children and his wife's parents.

July 12, 1943 colony Maria Volya near Volodymyr Volynsky Around 15.00 Ukrainian nationalists surrounded it and began to kill Poles using firearms, axes, pitchforks, knives, dryuchki About 200 people died (45 families). Some of the people, about 30 people, were thrown into the kopodets and there they were killed with stones. Those who ran away were hunted down and killed. During this massacre, the Ukrainian Vladislav Didukh was ordered to kill his Polish wife and two children. When he did not comply with the order, they killed him and his family. Eighteen children aged 3 to 12, who hid in the field, were caught by the executioners, put on a cart, brought to the village of Chesny Krest and killed everyone there, pierced with pitchforks, chopped with axes. The action was led by Kvasnitsky...

- August 30, 1943, the Polish village of Kuty, Lubomlsky district. In the early morning, the village was surrounded by UPA archers and Ukrainian peasants, mainly from the village of Lesnyaki, and carried out a massacre of the Polish population. Pavel Pronchuk, a Pole who tried to protect his mother, was laid on a bench, his arms and legs were cut off, leaving him to be martyred.

- August 30, 1943, the Polish village of Ostrowki near Luboml. The village was surrounded by a dense ring. Ukrainian emissaries entered the village, offering to lay down their arms. Most of the men gathered at the school where they were locked up. Then five people were taken outside the garden, where they were killed with a blow to the head and thrown into dug pits. The bodies were piled in layers, sprinkled with earth. Women and children were gathered in the church, ordered to lie down on the floor, after which they were shot in the head in turn. 483 people died, including 146 children.

UPA participant Danilo Shumuk cites in his book the story of a Ukrainian: “In the evening we went out again to these very farms, organized ten carts under the mask of red partisans and drove in the direction of Koryt ... We drove, sang “Katyusha” and from time to time cursed at -Russian..."

- 15.03.42, the village of Kosice. The Ukrainian police, together with the Germans, killed 145 Poles, 19 Ukrainians, 7 Jews, 9 Soviet prisoners;

- On the night of March 21, 1943, two Ukrainians were killed in Shumsk - Ishchuk and Kravchuk, who helped the Poles;

- April 1943, Belozerka. These same bandits killed Ukrainian Tatyana Mikolik because she had a child with a Pole;

- 5.05.43, Klepachev. Ukrainian Petro Trokhimchuk and his Polish wife were killed;

- 30.08.43, Kuty. The Ukrainian family of Vladimir Krasovsky with two small children was brutally murdered;

- August 1943, Yanovka. Bandera killed a Polish child and two Ukrainian children, as they were brought up in a Polish family;

- August 1943, Antolin. Ukrainian Mikhail Mishchanyuk, who had a Polish wife, received an order to kill her and a one-year-old child. As a result of his refusal, he and his wife and child were killed by neighbors.

“A member of the leadership of the Provoda (OUN Bandery - V.P.) Maxim Ryban (Nikolay Lebed) demanded from the Main Team of the UPA (that is, from Tapaca Bulba-Borovets - V.P.) ... to understand all the rebellion from the Polish population .. ."

* Oleksandr Gritsenko: “Armiya 6ez depzhavy”, in the image “Tydi, de 6iy for freedom”, London, 1989, p. 405

“Already during the negotiations (between N. Lebed and T. Bulba-Borovets - V.P.), instead of carrying out an action along a jointly drawn line, the military departments of the OUN (Bandera - V.P.) ... began to destroy in a shameful way, the Polish civilian population and other national minorities ... No party has a monopoly on the Ukrainian people ... Is it possible for a true revolutionary-sovereign to obey the line of the party, which begins the construction of the state with the massacre of national minorities or the senseless burning of their homes? Ukraine has more formidable enemies than the Poles... What are you fighting for? For Ukraine or your OUN? For the Ukrainian State or for the dictatorship in that state? For the Ukrainian people or just for your party?”

* “Bidkritiy list (Tapaca Bulbi - V.P.) to the member of the Wire Opranization of Ukrainian Nationalists Stepan Banderi”, view 10 September 1943 p., for: “Ukrainian Historian”, USA, No. 1-4, vol. 27, 1990, pp. 114-119.

“The one who evaded their (OUN Bandery - V.P.) instructions on mobilization was shot with his family and his house was burned down ...”

* Maksim Skoprypsky: “At the offensive and the offensive”, Chicago, 1961, after: “Tudi, debiy for the will”, Kiev, 1992, p. 174.

“The Security Council began a mass purge among the population and in the departments of the UPA. For the least offense, and even at personal expense, the population was punishable by death. In the departments, the skhidnyaks (people from Eastern Ukraine - Ed.per) suffered the most ... In general, the Security Service with its activities - it was the blackest page in the history of those years ... The security service was organized in the German manner. Most of the SB commanders were former cadets of the German police in Zakopane (from 1939-40). They were predominantly Galicians.

* There wc, cc. 144.145

“The order came to destroy the entire unconvinced element, and now the persecution of everyone who seemed suspicious to one or another stanitsa began. The prosecutors were the Bandera stanitsa, and no one else. That is, the liquidation of "enemies" was carried out exclusively on the basis of the party principle ... Stanichny cooked up a list of "suspicious" and passed on to the Security Council ... marked with crosses - should be liquidated ... But the most terrible tragedy broke out with the prisoners of the Red Army, who lived and worked in thousands of the villages of Volyn ... Bandera came up with such a method. They came to the house at night, took a prisoner and declared that they were Soviet partisans and ordered him to go with them ... they destroyed such ... "

* O. Shylyak: “I am true to them”, for: “Come, dey for freedom”, London, 1989, pp. 398,399

An eyewitness to the events of that time in Volyn, a Ukrainian evangelical pastor, assesses the activities of the OUN-UPA-SB as follows: “It got to the point that people (Ukrainian peasants - V.P.) rejoiced that somewhere nearby the Germans ... defeated the rebels (UPA - B.P.). Bandera, in addition, collected tribute from the population ... 3a any resistance of the peasants was punished by the Security Council, which was now the same horror as the NKVD or the Gestapo once were.”

* Mikhaylo Podvornyak: "Biter z Bolini", Binnipeg, 1981, p. 305

The OUN, in the period after the liberation of Western Ukraine by the Soviet Army, put the population of that region in a hopeless situation: on the one hand, the legal Soviet authorities conscripted men into the army, on the other hand, the UPA, under pain of death, forbade joining the ranks Soviet army. Many cases are known when the UPA-SB brutally destroyed conscripts and their families - parents, brothers, sisters.

* Center. apxi in Min. defend the CPCP, f. 134, op. 172182, n. 12, ll. 70-85

Under the conditions of the OUN-UPA-SB terror, the population of Western Ukraine could not, without risking their lives, not help the UPA, at least in the form of a glass of water or milk, and, on the other hand, the reigning Stalinist terror applied cruel repressions for such actions in the form of deprivation freedom, exile to Siberia, deportations.

A woman of Belarusian-Lithuanian origin witnessed how a deserter from the UPA, who “did not know how to kill”, was seized by the Security Council, tortured, broke his arms and legs, cut off his tongue, cut off his ears and nose, and finally killed him. This Ukrainian was 18 years old.

OUN - UPA against Ukrainians:

According to summary data Soviet archives, for 1944-1956, as a result of the actions of the UPA and the armed underground of the OUN, the following died: 2 deputies of the Supreme Soviet of the Ukrainian SSR, 1 head of the regional executive committee, 40 heads of city and district executive committees, 1454 heads of village and town councils, 1235 other Soviet workers, 5 secretaries of city and 30 district committees of the Communist Party of the Ukrainian SSR, 216 other workers of party bodies, 205 Komsomol workers, 314 heads of collective farms, 676 workers, 1931 representatives of the intelligentsia, including 50 priests, 15,355 peasants and collective farmers, children of the elderly, housewives - 860.

The Auschwitz prisoners were released four months before the end of World War II. By that time there were few of them left. Almost one and a half million people died, most of them were Jews. For several years, the investigation continued, which led to terrible discoveries: people not only died in gas chambers, but also became victims of Dr. Mengele, who used them as guinea pigs.

Auschwitz: the history of one city

A small Polish town, in which more than a million innocent people were killed, is called Auschwitz all over the world. We call it Auschwitz. A concentration camp, experiments on women and children, gas chambers, torture, executions - all these words have been associated with the name of the city for more than 70 years.

It will sound rather strange in Russian Ich lebe in Auschwitz - "I live in Auschwitz." Is it possible to live in Auschwitz? They learned about the experiments on women in the concentration camp after the end of the war. Over the years, new facts have been discovered. One is scarier than the other. The truth about the camp called shocked the whole world. Research is still ongoing today. Many books have been written and many films have been made on the subject. Auschwitz has entered our symbol of a painful, difficult death.

Where did massacres children and conducted terrible experiments on women? In Which city do millions of inhabitants on earth associate with the phrase "factory of death"? Auschwitz.

Experiments on people were carried out in a camp located near the city, which today is home to 40,000 people. It is a quiet town with a good climate. Auschwitz is first mentioned in historical documents in the twelfth century. In the XIII century there were already so many Germans here that their language began to prevail over Polish. IN XVII century The city was taken over by the Swedes. In 1918 it became Polish again. After 20 years, a camp was organized here, on the territory of which crimes took place, the likes of which mankind had not yet known.

Gas chamber or experiment

In the early forties, the answer to the question of where the Auschwitz concentration camp was located was known only to those who were doomed to death. Unless, of course, do not take into account the SS. Some of the prisoners, fortunately, survived. Later they talked about what happened within the walls of the Auschwitz concentration camp. Experiments on women and children, which were conducted by a man whose name terrified the prisoners, is terrible truth which not everyone is ready to listen to.

The gas chamber is a terrible invention of the Nazis. But there are things even worse. Christina Zhivulskaya is one of the few who managed to get out of Auschwitz alive. In her book of memoirs, she mentions a case: a prisoner, sentenced to death by Dr. Mengel, does not go, but runs into the gas chamber. Because death from poisonous gas is not as terrible as the torment from the experiments of the same Mengele.

The creators of the "factory of death"

So what is Auschwitz? This is a camp that was originally intended for political prisoners. The author of the idea is Erich Bach-Zalewski. This man had the rank of SS Gruppenführer, during the Second World War he led punitive operations. With his light hand dozens were sentenced to death. He took an active part in the suppression of the uprising that took place in Warsaw in 1944.

The assistants of the SS Gruppenfuehrer found a suitable place in a small Polish town. There were already military barracks here, in addition, the railway communication was well established. In 1940, a man named came here. He will be hanged at the gas chambers by the decision of the Polish court. But this will happen two years after the end of the war. And then, in 1940, Hess liked these places. He set to work with great enthusiasm.

Inhabitants of the concentration camp

This camp did not immediately become a "factory of death". At first, mainly Polish prisoners were sent here. Only a year after the camp was organized, a tradition appeared to display a serial number on the prisoner's hand. More and more Jews were brought in every month. By the end of the existence of Auschwitz, they accounted for 90% of total number prisoners. The number of SS men here also grew steadily. In total, the concentration camp received about six thousand overseers, punishers and other "specialists". Many of them were put on trial. Some disappeared without a trace, including Josef Mengele, whose experiments terrified the prisoners for several years.

We will not give the exact number of victims of Auschwitz here. Let's just say that more than two hundred children died in the camp. Most of them were sent to the gas chambers. Some fell into the hand of Josef Mengele. But this man was not the only one who conducted experiments on people. Another so-called doctor is Carl Clauberg.

Starting in 1943, a huge number of prisoners entered the camp. Most had to be destroyed. But the organizers of the concentration camp were practical people, and therefore decided to take advantage of the situation and use a certain part of the prisoners as material for research.

Carl Cauberg

This man supervised the experiments conducted on women. His victims were predominantly Jews and Gypsies. The experiments included the removal of organs, the testing of new drugs, and irradiation. What kind of person is Karl Cauberg? Who is he? In what family did you grow up, how was his life? And most importantly, where did the cruelty that goes beyond human understanding come from?

By the beginning of the war, Karl Cauberg was already 41 years old. In the twenties, he served as chief physician at the clinic at the University of Königsberg. Kaulberg was not a hereditary doctor. He was born into a family of artisans. Why he decided to connect his life with medicine is unknown. But there is evidence according to which, in the First World War, he served as an infantryman. Then he graduated from the University of Hamburg. Apparently, medicine fascinated him so much that military career he refused. But Kaulberg was not interested in medicine, but in research. In the early forties, he began to search for the most practical way to sterilize women who did not belong to the Aryan race. For experiments, he was transferred to Auschwitz.

Kaulberg's experiments

The experiments consisted in the introduction of a special solution into the uterus, which led to serious violations. After the experiment, the reproductive organs were removed and sent to Berlin for further research. There is no data on exactly how many women became victims of this "scientist". After the end of the war, he was captured, but soon, just seven years later, oddly enough, he was released according to an agreement on the exchange of prisoners of war. Returning to Germany, Kaulberg did not suffer from remorse at all. On the contrary, he was proud of his "achievements in science." As a result, complaints began to come in from people who had suffered from Nazism. He was arrested again in 1955. He spent even less time in prison this time. He died two years after his arrest.

Josef Mengele

The prisoners called this man "the angel of death". Josef Mengele personally met the trains with new prisoners and conducted the selection. Some went to the gas chambers. Others are at work. The third he used in his experiments. One of the prisoners of Auschwitz described this man as follows: "Tall, with a pleasant appearance, like a movie actor." He never raised his voice, he spoke politely - and this terrified the prisoners in particular.

From the biography of the Angel of Death

Josef Mengele was the son of a German entrepreneur. After graduating from high school, he studied medicine and anthropology. In the early thirties, he joined the Nazi organization, but soon, for health reasons, left it. In 1932, Mengele joined the SS. During the war he served in the medical troops and even received the Iron Cross for bravery, but was wounded and declared unfit for service. Mengele spent several months in the hospital. After recovery, he was sent to Auschwitz, where he launched his scientific activities.

Selection

Selecting victims for experiments was Mengele's favorite pastime. The doctor only needed one look at the prisoner in order to determine the state of his health. He sent most of the prisoners to the gas chambers. And only a few captives managed to delay death. It was hard to deal with those in whom Mengele saw "guinea pigs."

Most likely, this person suffered from an extreme form of mental disorder. He enjoyed even the thought that he had in his hands a huge amount of human lives. That is why he was always next to the arriving train. Even when it was not required of him. His criminal actions were guided not only by the desire for scientific research, but also by the desire to rule. Just one word of his was enough to send tens or hundreds of people to the gas chambers. Those that were sent to the laboratories became the material for experiments. But what was the purpose of these experiments?

An invincible faith in the Aryan utopia, obvious mental deviations - these are the components of the personality of Josef Mengele. All his experiments were aimed at creating a new tool that could stop the reproduction of representatives of objectionable peoples. Mengele not only equated himself with God, he placed himself above him.

Josef Mengele's experiments

The angel of death dissected babies, castrated boys and men. He performed operations without anesthesia. Experiments on women consisted of electric shocks high voltage. He conducted these experiments in order to test endurance. Mengele once sterilized several Polish nuns with X-rays. But main passion"doctors of death" were experiments on twins and people with physical defects.

To each his own

On the gates of Auschwitz was written: Arbeit macht frei, which means "work sets you free." The words Jedem das Seine were also present here. Translated into Russian - "To each his own." On the gates of Auschwitz, at the entrance to the camp, in which more than a million people died, a saying of the ancient Greek sages appeared. The principle of justice was used by the SS as the motto of the most cruel idea in the history of mankind.

On January 27, the world marks 70 years since the Soviet army liberated the Nazi concentration camp "Auschwitz-Birkenau" (Auschwitz), where from 1941 to 1945, according to official figures, 1.4 million people died, of which about 1.1 million were Jews. The photographs below, published by Photochronograph, show the life and martyrdom prisoners of Auschwitz and other concentration death camps created in the territory controlled by Nazi Germany.

Some of these photos can be traumatic. Therefore, we ask children and people with unstable mentality to refrain from viewing these photos.

Sending Slovak Jews to the Auschwitz concentration camp.

Arrival of the echelon with new prisoners in the Auschwitz concentration camp.

Arrival of prisoners in the Auschwitz concentration camp. Prisoners are centrally assembled on the platform.

Arrival of prisoners in the Auschwitz concentration camp. The first stage of selection. It was necessary to divide the prisoners into two columns separating men from women and children.

Arrival of prisoners in the Auschwitz concentration camp. The guards form a column of prisoners.

Rabbis in the Auschwitz concentration camp.

Railway tracks leading to the Auschwitz concentration camp.

Registration photographs of children-prisoners of the Auschwitz concentration camp.

Prisoners of the Auschwitz-Monowitz concentration camp at the construction of a chemical plant of the German concern I.G. Farbenindustrie AG

The liberation by Soviet soldiers of the surviving prisoners of the Auschwitz concentration camp.

Soviet soldiers examine children's clothes found in the Auschwitz concentration camp.

A group of children released from the Auschwitz concentration camp (Auschwitz). In total, about 7,500 people, including children, were released in the camp. The Germans managed to take about 50 thousand prisoners from Auschwitz to other camps before the Red Army units approached.

Released children, prisoners of the Auschwitz (Auschwitz) concentration camp, show camp numbers tattooed on their arms.

Liberated children from the Auschwitz concentration camp.

Portrait of prisoners of the Auschwitz concentration camp after it was liberated by Soviet troops.

Aerial photography of the northwestern part of the Auschwitz concentration camp with the main objects of the camp marked: the railway station and the Auschwitz I camp.

Liberated prisoners of the Austrian concentration camp in the American military hospital.

Clothes of concentration camp prisoners abandoned after liberation in April 1945.

American soldiers inspect the site of the mass execution of 250 Polish and French prisoners at a concentration camp near Leipzig on April 19, 1945.

A Ukrainian girl released from a concentration camp in Salzburg, Austria, cooks food on a small stove.

Prisoners of the Flossenburg death camp after being liberated by the US 97th Infantry Division in May 1945. The emaciated prisoner in the center - a 23-year-old Czech - is ill with dysentery. The Flossenburg camp was located in Bavaria near the city of the same name on the border with the Czech Republic. It was created in May 1938. During the existence of the camp, about 96 thousand prisoners passed through it, of which more than 30 thousand died in the camp.

Ampfing concentration camp prisoners after their release.

View of the concentration camp at Grini in Norway.

Soviet prisoners in the Lamsdorf concentration camp (Stalag VIII-B, now the Polish village of Lambinovice).

The bodies of the executed SS guards at the observation tower "B" of the Dachau concentration camp.

Dachau is one of the first concentration camps in Germany. Founded by the Nazis in March 1933. The camp was located in southern Germany, 16 kilometers northwest of Munich. The number of prisoners held at Dachau from 1933 to 1945 exceeds 188,000. The death toll in the main camp and subcamps from January 1940 to May 1945 was at least 28,000.

View of the barracks of the Dachau concentration camp.

Soldiers of the US 45th Infantry Division show the bodies of prisoners in a wagon at the Dachau concentration camp to teenagers from the Hitler Youth.

View of the Buchenwald barracks after the liberation of the camp.

American generals George Patton, Omar Bradley and Dwight Eisenhower in the Ohrdruf concentration camp at the fire, where the Germans burned the bodies of prisoners.

Soviet prisoners of war in the Stalag XVIIIA concentration camp.

The Stalag XVIIIA prisoner of war camp was located near the town of Wolfsberg (Austria). The camp contained approximately 30 thousand people: 10 thousand British and 20 thousand Soviet prisoners. Soviet prisoners were isolated in a separate area and did not intersect with other prisoners. In the English part of the ethnic English, there were only half, about 40 percent - Australians, the rest - Canadians, New Zealanders (including 320 Maori aborigines) and other natives of the colonies. Of the other nations in the camp were the French, downed American pilots. A feature of the camp was the liberal attitude of the administration to the presence of cameras in the British (this did not apply to the Soviets). Thanks to this, an impressive archive of photographs of life in the camp, made from the inside, that is, by the people who were in it, has come down to the present time.

Soviet prisoners of war eating in the Stalag XVIIIA concentration camp.

Soviet prisoners of war near the barbed wire of the Stalag XVIIIA concentration camp.

Soviet prisoners of war at the barracks of the Stalag XVIIIA concentration camp.

British prisoners of war on the stage of the Stalag XVIIIA concentration camp theater.

Captured British corporal Eric Evans with three comrades on the territory of the Stalag XVIIIA concentration camp.

Burnt bodies of prisoners of the Ohrdruf concentration camp. Ohrdruf concentration camp was established in November 1944. During the war years, about 11,700 people died in the camp. Ohrdruf was the first concentration camp to be liberated by the US Army.

Bodies of prisoners of the Buchenwald concentration camp. Buchenwald is one of the largest concentration camps in Germany, located near Weimar in Thuringia. From July 1937 to April 1945, about 250 thousand people were imprisoned in the camp. The number of victims of the camp is estimated at about 56 thousand prisoners.

Women from the SS guards of the Bergen-Belsen concentration camp unload the corpses of prisoners for burial in a mass grave. They were attracted to these works by the allies who liberated the camp. Around the moat is a convoy of English soldiers. Former guards are banned from wearing gloves as a punishment to put them at risk of contracting typhus.

Bergen-Belsen is a Nazi concentration camp located in the province of Hanover (now the territory of Lower Saxony), a mile from the village of Belsen and a few miles southwest of the city of Bergen. There were no gas chambers in the camp. But in 1943-1945, about 50 thousand prisoners died here, more than 35 thousand of them - from typhus a few months before the liberation of the camp. Total victims is about 70 thousand prisoners.

Six British prisoners in the Stalag XVIIIA concentration camp.

Soviet prisoners are talking to a German officer in the Stalag XVIIIA concentration camp.

Soviet prisoners of war change clothes in the Stalag XVIIIA concentration camp.

Group photo of allied prisoners (British, Australians and New Zealanders) in the Stalag XVIIIA concentration camp.

Band of captured allies (Australians, British and New Zealanders) on the territory of the Stalag XVIIIA concentration camp.

Captured Allied soldiers play Two Up for cigarettes in the Stalag 383 concentration camp.

Two British prisoners at the wall of the barracks of the Stalag 383 concentration camp.

A German soldier-escort at the Stalag 383 concentration camp market, surrounded by captured allies.

A group photo of allied prisoners in the Stalag 383 concentration camp on Christmas Day 1943.

The barracks of the Vollan concentration camp in the Norwegian city of Trondheim after liberation.

A group of Soviet prisoners of war outside the gates of the Norwegian concentration camp Falstad after liberation. Falstad is a Nazi concentration camp in Norway, located in the village of Ekne near Levanger. Created in September 1941. The number of dead prisoners - more than 200 people.

SS-Oberscharführer Erich Weber on vacation in the commandant's quarters of the Norwegian concentration camp Falstad.

Commandant of the Norwegian concentration camp Falstad, SS Hauptscharführer Karl Denk (left) and SS Oberscharführer Erich Weber (right) in the commandant's room.

Five released prisoners of the Falstad concentration camp at the gate.

Prisoners of the Norwegian concentration camp Falstad (Falstad) on vacation during a break between work in the field.

SS Oberscharführer Erich Weber, an employee of the Falstad concentration camp.

SS non-commissioned officers K. Denk, E. Weber and Luftwaffe sergeant R. Weber with two women in the commandant's office of the Norwegian concentration camp Falstad.

An employee of the Norwegian concentration camp Falstad SS Obersturmführer Erich Weber in the kitchen of the commandant's house.

Soviet, Norwegian and Yugoslav prisoners of the Falstad concentration camp on vacation at the logging site.

The head of the women's block of the Norwegian concentration camp Falstad (Falstad) Maria Robbe (Maria Robbe) with the police at the gates of the camp.

A group of Soviet prisoners of war on the territory of the Norwegian concentration camp Falstad after liberation.

Seven guards of the Norwegian concentration camp Falstad (Falstad) at the main gate.

Panorama of the Norwegian concentration camp Falstad (Falstad) after the liberation.

Black French prisoners in the Frontstalag 155 camp in the village of Lonvik.

Black French prisoners do laundry at the Frontstalag 155 camp in the village of Lonvik.

Members of the Warsaw Uprising from the Home Army in the barracks of a concentration camp near the German village of Oberlangen.

The body of a shot SS guard in a canal near the Dachau concentration camp.

Two American soldiers and a former prisoner fish the body of a shot SS guard from a canal near the Dachau concentration camp.

A column of prisoners of the Norwegian concentration camp Falstad (Falstad) passes in the courtyard of the main building.

An emaciated Hungarian prisoner released from the Bergen-Belsen concentration camp.

A liberated prisoner of the Bergen-Belsen concentration camp who fell ill with typhus in one of the camp barracks.

Prisoners demonstrate the process of destroying corpses in the crematorium of the Dachau concentration camp.

Red Army prisoners who died of hunger and cold. The POW camp was located in the village of Bolshaya Rossoshka near Stalingrad.

Body of Ohrdruf concentration camp guard killed by prisoners or American soldiers.

Prisoners in the barracks of the Ebensee concentration camp.

Irma Grese and Josef Kramer in the prison yard of the German city of Celle. The head of the labor service of the women's unit of the Bergen-Belsen concentration camp - Irma Grese (Irma Grese) and his commandant SS Hauptsturmführer (captain) Josef Kramer under British escort in the courtyard of the prison in Celle, Germany.

Girl prisoner of the Croatian concentration camp Jasenovac.

Soviet prisoners of war while carrying building elements for the barracks of the camp "Stalag 304" Zeithain.

Surrendered SS-Untersturmführer Heinrich Wicker (Heinrich Wicker, later shot by American soldiers) at the car with the bodies of prisoners of the Dachau concentration camp. In the photo, second from the left is Victor Mairer, a representative of the Red Cross.

A man in civilian clothes stands near the bodies of prisoners of the Buchenwald concentration camp.
In the background, Christmas wreaths hang near the windows.

Released from captivity, the British and Americans are on the territory of the prisoner of war camp Dulag-Luft in Wetzlar, Germany.

Released prisoners from the Nordhausen death camp sit on the porch.

Prisoners of the concentration camp Gardelegen (Gardelegen), killed by guards shortly before the liberation of the camp.

In the back of the trailer - the corpses of prisoners of the Buchenwald concentration camp, prepared for burning in the crematorium.

American generals (from right to left) Dwight Eisenhower, Omar Bradley and George Patton watch a demonstration of one of the methods of torture in the Gotha concentration camp.

Mountains of clothes of prisoners of the Dachau concentration camp.

A released seven-year-old prisoner of the Buchenwald concentration camp in line before being sent to Switzerland.

Prisoners of the concentration camp Sachsenhausen (Sachsenhausen) on the line.

The Sachsenhausen camp was located near the city of Oranienburg in Germany. Created in July 1936. The number of prisoners in different years reached 60 thousand people. On the territory of Sachsenhausen, according to some sources, more than 100 thousand prisoners died in various ways.

A Soviet prisoner of war released from the Saltfjellet concentration camp in Norway.

Soviet prisoners of war in a barracks after their release from the Saltfjellet concentration camp in Norway.

A Soviet prisoner of war leaves a barrack at the Saltfjellet concentration camp in Norway.

Women liberated by the Red Army from the Ravensbrück concentration camp, located 90 kilometers north of Berlin. Ravensbrück is a concentration camp of the Third Reich, located in northeastern Germany, 90 kilometers north of Berlin. It existed from May 1939 until the end of April 1945. The largest Nazi concentration camp for women. The number of registered prisoners for the entire period of its existence amounted to more than 130 thousand people. According to official figures, 90 thousand prisoners died here.

German officers and civilians walk past a group of Soviet prisoners during an inspection of a concentration camp.

Soviet prisoners of war in the camp in the ranks during verification.

Captured Soviet soldiers in the camp at the beginning of the war.

Captured Red Army soldiers enter the camp barracks.

Four Polish prisoners of the Oberlangen concentration camp (Oberlangen, Stalag VI C) after their liberation. Women were among the capitulated Warsaw insurgents.

The orchestra of prisoners of the Yanovsky concentration camp performs the "Tango of Death". On the eve of the liberation of Lvov by the Red Army, the Germans lined up a circle of 40 people from the orchestra. The camp guards surrounded the musicians in a tight ring and ordered them to play. First, the conductor of the Mund orchestra was executed, then, by order of the commandant, each orchestra member went to the center of the circle, laid his instrument on the ground and stripped naked, after which he was shot in the head.

The Ustaše execute prisoners at the Jasenovac concentration camp. Jasenovac is a system of death camps established by the Ustaše (Croatian Nazis) in August 1941. It was located on the territory of the Independent Croatian State, which collaborated with Nazi Germany, 60 kilometers from Zagreb. There is no consensus on the number of victims of Jasenovac. While the official Yugoslav authorities during the existence of this state supported the version of 840 thousand victims, according to the estimates of the Croatian historian Vladimir Zheryavic, their number was 83 thousand, the Serbian historian Bogoljub Kochovich - 70 thousand. The Jasenovac Memorial Museum contains information about 75,159 victims, and the Holocaust Memorial Museum speaks of 56-97 thousand victims.

Soviet child prisoners of the 6th Finnish concentration camp in Petrozavodsk. During the occupation of Soviet Karelia by the Finns, six concentration camps were created in Petrozavodsk to contain local Russian-speaking residents. Camp No. 6 was located in the area of ​​the Transshipment Exchange, it held 7,000 people.

A Jewish woman with her daughter after being released from a German labor camp.

The corpses of Soviet citizens found on the territory of the Nazi concentration camp in Darnitsa. Kyiv region, November 1943.

General Eisenhower and other American officers look at the executed prisoners of the Ohrdruf concentration camp.

The dead prisoners of the Ohrdruf concentration camp.

Representatives of the prosecutor's office of the Estonian SSR at the bodies of the dead prisoners of the Klooga concentration camp. The Klooga concentration camp was located in Harju County, Keila Volost (35 kilometers from Tallinn).

Soviet child next to the murdered mother. Concentration camp for the civilian population "Ozarichi". Belarus, the town of Ozarichi, Domanovichsky district, Polesye region.

Soldiers from the 157th US Infantry Regiment shoot SS guards from the German concentration camp Dachau.

Concentration camp inmate Webbelin burst into tears when he learned that he was not included in the first group of prisoners sent to the hospital after release.

Residents of the German city of Weimar in the Buchenwald concentration camp near the bodies of dead prisoners. The Americans brought into the camp the inhabitants of Weimar, located near Buchenwald, most of whom declared that they knew nothing about this camp.

Unknown guard of the Buchenwald concentration camp, beaten and hanged by prisoners.

The guards of the Buchenwald concentration camp beaten by prisoners in a punishment cell on their knees.

An unknown guard of the Buchenwald concentration camp beaten by prisoners.

military personnel medical service 20 Corps of the US Third Army near a trailer with the corpses of prisoners of the Buchenwald concentration camp.

The bodies of prisoners who died in the train on the way to the Dachau concentration camp.

Liberated prisoners in one of the barracks of the Ebensee camp, two days after the arrival of the advance elements of the US 80th Infantry Division.

One of the emaciated prisoners of the Ebensee camp basks in the sun. The Ebensee concentration camp was located 40 kilometers from Salzburg (Austria). The camp existed from November 1943 to May 6, 1945. For 18 months, thousands of prisoners passed through it, many of whom died here. The names of 7113 dead in conditions of inhuman detention are known. The total number of victims is more than 8200 people.

Released from the Eselheide camp, Soviet prisoners of war rock an American soldier in their arms.
About 30,000 Soviet prisoners of war died in Ezelheide Camp No. 326; in April 1945, the Red Army soldiers who survived in captivity were liberated by units of the 9th US Army.

French Jews in the Drancy transit camp, before their onward transfer to German concentration camps.

Bergen-Belsen concentration camp guards load the corpses of dead prisoners onto a truck escorted by British soldiers.

Odilo Globocnik (far right) visits the Sobibor extermination camp, which operated from May 15, 1942 to October 15, 1943. About 250,000 Jews were killed here.

The corpse of a prisoner of the Dachau concentration camp, found by Allied soldiers in a railway car near the camp.

Human remains in the Stutthof concentration camp crematorium. Location: near Danzig (now Gdansk, Poland).

Hungarian actress Livia Nador, liberated from the Gusen concentration camp by soldiers of the US 11th Panzer Division in the Linz area, Austria.

A German boy walks along a dirt road, on the side of which lie the corpses of hundreds of prisoners who died in the Bergen-Belsen concentration camp in Germany.

Arrest of commandant of the Nazi concentration camp Bergen-Belsen Josef Kramer by British troops. Subsequently, he was sentenced to death and hanged on December 13 in the Hameln prison.

Children behind barbed wire in the Buchenwald concentration camp after its release.

Soviet prisoners of war being disinfected in the German POW camp Zeithain.

Prisoners during the roll call in the Buchenwald concentration camp.

Polish Jews are waiting for execution under the protection of German soldiers in a ravine. Presumably from the Belzec or Sobibor camp.

A surviving Buchenwald prisoner drinks water in front of the concentration camp barracks.

British soldiers inspect the crematorium oven at the liberated Bergen-Belsen concentration camp.

The released children-prisoners of Buchenwald come out of the gates of the camp.

German prisoners of war are being escorted through the Majdanek concentration camp. In front of the prisoners, the remains of the prisoners of the death camp lie on the ground, and the crematorium ovens are also visible. The Majdanek death camp was located on the outskirts of the Polish city of Lublin. In total, about 150 thousand prisoners visited here, about 80 thousand were killed, of which 60 thousand were Jews. The mass extermination of people in gas chambers in the camp began in 1942. Carbon monoxide (carbon monoxide) was first used as a poisonous gas, and since April 1942, Zyklon B. Majdanek has been one of the two death camps of the Third Reich where this gas was used (the second is Auschwitz).

Soviet prisoners of war in the Zeithain camp are disinfected before being sent to Belgium.

Mauthausen prisoners look at an SS officer.

Death march from the Dachau concentration camp.

Forced labor prisoners. Quarry "Weiner Graben" in the concentration camp Mauthausen, Austria.

Representatives of the prosecutor's office of the Estonian SSR at the bodies of the dead prisoners of the Klooga concentration camp.

The arrested commandant of the Bergen-Belsen concentration camp, Joseph Kramer, in shackles and guarded by an English escort. Nicknamed "Belsen beast", Kramer was convicted by an English court for war crimes and in December 1945 hanged in the prison of Hameln.

Bones of the killed prisoners of the Majdanek concentration camp (Lublin, Poland).

The furnace of the Majdanek concentration camp crematorium (Lublin, Poland). On the left, Lieutenant A.A. Guyvik.

Lieutenant A.A. Guivik holds the remains of prisoners of the Majdanek concentration camp in his hands.

A column of prisoners of the Dachau concentration camp on the march in the suburbs of Munich.

A young man released from the Mauthausen camp.

The corpse of a prisoner of the Leipzig-Tekla concentration camp on barbed wire.

The remains of prisoners in the crematorium of the Buchenwald concentration camp near Weimar.

One of the 150 victims among the prisoners who died in the concentration camp in Gardelegen.

In April 1945, in the Gardelegen concentration camp, the SS drove about 1,100 prisoners into a barn and set it on fire. Some of the victims tried to escape but were shot dead by the guards.

Meeting of the Americans - the liberators of the Mauthausen concentration camp.

Residents of the city of Ludwigslust pass by the bodies of prisoners of the same name concentration camp for prisoners of war. The bodies of the victims were found by members of the US 82nd Airborne Division. The bodies were found in pits in the camp yard and indoor areas. By order of the Americans, the civilian population of the area was obliged to come to the camp to get acquainted with the results of the Nazi crimes.

Dora-Mittelbau work camps killed by the Nazis. Dora-Mittelbau (other names: Dora, Nordhausen) - a Nazi concentration camp, was formed on August 28, 1943, 5 kilometers from the city of Nordhausen in Thuringia, Germany, as a division of the already existing Buchenwald camp. For 18 months of existence, 60 thousand prisoners of 21 nationalities passed through the camp, approximately 20 thousand died in custody.

American generals Patton, Bradley, Eisenhower in the Ohrdruf concentration camp at the fire, where the Germans burned the bodies of prisoners.

Soviet prisoners of war liberated by the Americans from a camp near the French town of Sarguemines, bordering Germany.

On the victim's arm is a deep burn from phosphorus. The experiment was to set fire to a mixture of phosphorus and rubber on the skin of a living person.

Liberated prisoners of the Ravensbrück concentration camp.

Liberated prisoners of the Buchenwald concentration camp.

A Soviet prisoner of war, after the complete liberation of the Buchenwald camp by American troops, points to a former guard who brutally beat the prisoners.

SS soldiers lined up on the parade ground of the Plaszow concentration camp.

Former guard of the concentration camp Bergen-Belsen F. Herzog disassembles a pile of corpses of prisoners.

Soviet prisoners of war liberated by the Americans from the camp in Eselheide.

A pile of corpses of prisoners in the crematorium of the Dachau concentration camp.

A pile of corpses of prisoners in the Bergen-Belsen concentration camp.

The bodies of prisoners of the Lambach concentration camp in the forest before burial.

A French prisoner of the Dora-Mittelbau concentration camp on the floor of a barrack among dead comrades.

Soldiers from the American 42nd Infantry Division at the car with the bodies of the prisoners of the Dachau concentration camp.

Ebensee concentration camp prisoners.

The corpses of prisoners in the courtyard of the Dora-Mittelbau camp.

Prisoners of the German concentration camp Webbelin waiting for medical help.

A prisoner from the Dora-Mittelbau (Nordhausen) camp shows an American soldier the camp crematorium.

On April 27, 1940, the first Auschwitz concentration camp was created, designed for the mass extermination of people.

Concentration camp - places for forced isolation of real or perceived opponents of the state, the political regime, etc. Unlike prisons, ordinary camps for prisoners of war and refugees, concentration camps were created by special decrees during the war, the aggravation of the political struggle.

In fascist Germany, concentration camps are an instrument of mass state terror and genocide. Although the term "concentration camp" was used to refer to all Nazi camps, there were actually several types of camps, and the concentration camp was just one of them.

Other types of camps included labor and hard labor camps, extermination camps, transit camps, and POW camps. As the war progressed, the distinction between concentration camps and labor camps became increasingly blurred, as hard labour also used in concentration camps.

Concentration camps in Nazi Germany were created after the Nazis came to power in order to isolate and repress opponents of the Nazi regime. The first concentration camp in Germany was established near Dachau in March 1933.

By the beginning of World War II, 300 thousand German, Austrian and Czech anti-fascists were in prisons and concentration camps in Germany. In later years Nazi Germany in the territories occupied by it European countries created a gigantic network of concentration camps, turned into places for the organized systematic murder of millions of people.

Fascist concentration camps were intended for the physical destruction of entire peoples, primarily Slavic; total extermination of Jews, Gypsies. To do this, they were equipped with gas chambers, gas chambers and other means of mass extermination of people, crematoria.

(Military Encyclopedia. Chairman of the Main Editorial Commission S.B. Ivanov. Military Publishing. Moscow. In 8 volumes - 2004. ISBN 5 - 203 01875 - 8)

There were even special death camps (destruction), where the liquidation of prisoners went on at a continuous and accelerated pace. These camps were designed and built not as places of detention, but as death factories. It was assumed that in these camps, people doomed to death had to spend literally a few hours. In such camps, a well-functioning conveyor was built, turning several thousand people a day into ashes. These include Majdanek, Auschwitz, Treblinka and others.

Concentration camp prisoners were deprived of their freedom and the ability to make decisions. The SS strictly controlled all aspects of their lives. Violators of the order were severely punished, subjected to beatings, solitary confinement, deprivation of food and other forms of punishment. Prisoners were classified according to their place of birth and reasons for imprisonment.

Initially, prisoners in the camps were divided into four groups: political opponents of the regime, representatives of "inferior races", criminals and "unreliable elements". The second group, including Gypsies and Jews, was subject to unconditional physical extermination and was kept in separate barracks.

They were subjected to the most cruel treatment by the SS guards, they were starved, sent to the most exhausting work. Among the political prisoners were members of anti-Nazi parties, primarily communists and social democrats, members of the Nazi party accused of serious crimes, listeners of foreign radio, members of various religious sects. Among the "unreliable" were homosexuals, alarmists, dissatisfied, etc.

The concentration camps also housed criminals who were used by the administration as overseers of political prisoners.

All prisoners of the concentration camps were required to wear distinctive signs on their clothes, including a serial number and a colored triangle ("Winkel") on the left side of the chest and right knee. (In Auschwitz, the serial number was tattooed on the left forearm.) All political prisoners wore a red triangle, criminals - green, "unreliable" - black, homosexuals - pink, gypsies - brown.

In addition to the classification triangle, the Jews also wore yellow, as well as a six-pointed "Star of David". A Jew who violated racial laws ("racial defiler") had to wear a black border around a green or yellow triangle.

Foreigners also had their own distinctive signs (the French wore a sewn letter "F", the Poles - "P", etc.). The letter "K" denoted a war criminal (Kriegsverbrecher), the letter "A" denoted a violator of labor discipline (from German Arbeit - "work"). The feeble-minded wore the patch Blid - "fool". Prisoners who participated or were suspected of escaping were required to wear a red and white target on their chest and back.

The total number of concentration camps, their branches, prisons, ghettos in the occupied countries of Europe and in Germany itself, where people were kept and destroyed in the most difficult conditions by various methods and means, is 14,033 points.

Of the 18 million citizens of European countries who passed through camps for various purposes, including concentration camps, more than 11 million people were killed.

The system of concentration camps in Germany was liquidated along with the defeat of Hitlerism, condemned in the verdict of the International Military Tribunal in Nuremberg as a crime against humanity.

Currently, Germany has adopted the division of places of forced detention of people during the Second World War into concentration camps and "other places of forced detention, under conditions equated to concentration camps," in which, as a rule, forced labor was used.

The list of concentration camps includes approximately 1,650 names of concentration camps of the international classification (main and their external teams).

On the territory of Belarus, 21 camps were approved as "other places", on the territory of Ukraine - 27 camps, on the territory of Lithuania - 9, Latvia - 2 (Salaspils and Valmiera).

On the territory of the Russian Federation, places of detention in the city of Roslavl (camp 130), the village of Uritsky (camp 142) and Gatchina are recognized as "other places".

List of camps recognized by the Government of the Federal Republic of Germany as concentration camps (1939-1945)

1.Arbeitsdorf (Germany)
2. Auschwitz/Oswiecim-Birkenau (Poland)
3. Bergen-Belsen (Germany)
4. Buchenwald (Germany)
5. Warsaw (Poland)
6. Herzogenbusch (Netherlands)
7. Gross-Rosen (Germany)
8. Dachau (Germany)
9. Kauen/Kaunas (Lithuania)
10. Krakow-Plaschow (Poland)
11. Sachsenhausen (GDR-FRG)
12. Lublin/Majdanek (Poland)
13. Mauthausen (Austria)
14. Mittelbau-Dora (Germany)
15. Natzweiler (France)
16. Neuengamme (Germany)
17. Niederhagen-Wewelsburg (Germany)
18. Ravensbrück (Germany)
19. Riga-Kaiserwald (Latvia)
20. Faifara/Vaivara (Estonia)
21. Flossenburg (Germany)
22. Stutthof (Poland).

Major Nazi concentration camps

Buchenwald is one of the largest Nazi concentration camps. It was created in 1937 in the vicinity of the city of Weimar (Germany). Originally called Ettersberg. Had 66 branches and external work teams. The largest ones: "Dora" (near the city of Nordhausen), "Laura" (near the city of Saalfeld) and "Ohrdruf" (in Thuringia), where the FAA projectiles were mounted. From 1937 to 1945 about 239 thousand people were prisoners of the camp. In total, 56 thousand prisoners of 18 nationalities were tortured in Buchenwald.

The camp was liberated on April 10, 1945 by units of the 80th US division. Opened in 1958 in Buchenwald memorial Complex dedicated. heroes and victims of the concentration camp.

Auschwitz (Auschwitz-Birkenau), also known by the German names Auschwitz or Auschwitz-Birkenau, is a complex of German concentration camps located in 1940-1945. in southern Poland, 60 km west of Krakow. The complex consisted of three main camps: Auschwitz-1 (served as the administrative center of the entire complex), Auschwitz-2 (also known as Birkenau, "death camp"), Auschwitz-3 (a group of approximately 45 small camps created at factories and mines around general complex).

More than 4 million people died in Auschwitz, including more than 1.2 million Jews, 140 thousand Poles, 20 thousand Gypsies, 10 thousand Soviet prisoners of war and tens of thousands of prisoners of other nationalities.

On January 27, 1945, Soviet troops liberated Auschwitz. In 1947, the Auschwitz-Birkenau State Museum (Oswiecim-Brzezinka) was opened in Oswiecim.

Dachau (Dachau) - the first concentration camp in Nazi Germany, established in 1933 on the outskirts of Dachau (near Munich). Had about 130 branches and external work teams located in Southern Germany. More than 250 thousand people from 24 countries were prisoners of Dachau; about 70 thousand people were tortured or killed (including about 12 thousand Soviet citizens).

In 1960, a monument to the dead was unveiled in Dachau.

Majdanek (Majdanek) - a Nazi concentration camp, was created in the suburbs of the Polish city of Lublin in 1941. It had branches in southeastern Poland: Budzyn (near Krasnik), Plaszow (near Krakow), Travniki (near Vepshem), two camps in Lublin. According to the Nuremberg trials, in 1941-1944. in the camp, the Nazis destroyed about 1.5 million people of various nationalities. The camp was liberated by Soviet troops on July 23, 1944. In 1947, a museum and research institute was opened in Majdanek.

Treblinka - Nazi concentration camps near the station. Treblinka in the Warsaw Voivodeship of Poland. In Treblinka I (1941-1944, the so-called labor camp), about 10 thousand people died, in Treblinka II (1942-1943, an extermination camp) - about 800 thousand people (mostly Jews). In August 1943, in Treblinka II, the Nazis suppressed an uprising of prisoners, after which the camp was liquidated. The Treblinka I camp was liquidated in July 1944 when the Soviet troops approached.

In 1964, on the site of Treblinka II, a memorial symbolic cemetery for the victims of fascist terror was opened: 17,000 tombstones made of irregularly shaped stones, a monument-mausoleum.

Ravensbruck (Ravensbruck) - a concentration camp was founded near the city of Furstenberg in 1938 as an exclusively female camp, but later a small camp for men and another for girls were created nearby. In 1939-1945. 132,000 women and several hundred children from 23 European countries passed through the death camp. 93 thousand people were destroyed. On April 30, 1945, the prisoners of Ravensbrück were liberated by the soldiers of the Soviet army.

Mauthausen (Mauthausen) - a concentration camp was established in July 1938, 4 km from the city of Mauthausen (Austria) as a branch of the Dachau concentration camp. Since March 1939 - an independent camp. In 1940, it was merged with the Gusen concentration camp and became known as Mauthausen-Gusen. It had about 50 branches scattered throughout the territory of the former Austria (Ostmark). During the existence of the camp (until May 1945) there were about 335 thousand people from 15 countries in it. Only according to the surviving records, more than 122 thousand people were killed in the camp, including more than 32 thousand Soviet citizens. The camp was liberated on May 5, 1945 by American troops.

After the war, on the site of Mauthausen, 12 states, incl. Soviet Union, was created memorial museum, erected monuments to those who died in the camp.

The weaker sex during all armed conflicts in the world were the most unprotected and prone to bullying, killings by a segment of the population. Remaining in the territories occupied by enemy forces, young women became the object of sexual harassment and. Since the statistics of atrocities against women has been conducted only recently, it is not difficult to assume that in the entire history of mankind the number of persons subjected to inhuman abuse will be many times greater.

The greatest surge in bullying of the weaker sex was noted during the Great Patriotic War, armed conflicts in Chechnya, and antiterrorist campaigns in the Middle East.

Displays all the atrocities against women statistics, photo and video materials, as well as the stories of eyewitnesses and victims of violence that can be found in.

Statistics of atrocities against women during the Second World War

The most inhuman modern history there were atrocities against women committed in the course of . The most perverted and terrible were the Nazi atrocities against women. Statistics include about 5 million victims.

In the territories occupied by the troops of the Third Reich, the population until its complete liberation was subjected to cruel and sometimes inhuman treatment by the invaders. Of those who fell under the rule of the enemy, there were 73 million people. About 30-35% of them are female of different ages.

The atrocities of the Germans against women were distinguished by extreme cruelty - at the age of 30–35 years they were “used” by German soldiers to satisfy their sexual needs, and some, under the threat of death, worked in brothels organized by the occupying authorities.

The statistics of atrocities against women show that older women were most often taken out by the Nazis for forced labor in Germany or sent to concentration camps.

Many of the women suspected by the Nazis of having links with the partisan underground were tortured and subsequently shot. It is estimated that one in two women in the territory former USSR during the occupation of part of its territory by the Nazis, she experienced bullying from the invaders, many of them were shot or.

The atrocities of the Nazis against women in concentration camps were especially terrible - they experienced, along with men, all the hardships of hunger, hard labor, bullying and rape guarding the camps. German soldiers. For the Nazis, prisoners were also material for anti-scientific and inhumane experiments.

Many of them died or were seriously injured in sterilization experiments, studying the effects of various asphyxiating gases and changing environmental factors on the human body, and testing a vaccine against. A good example of bullying is about the atrocities of the Nazis against women:

1. "SS Camp Five: Women's Hell".
2. "Women Deported to the Special Forces of the SS".

A huge proportion of fanaticism against women during the time was committed by OUN-UPA fighters. The statistics of atrocities against women by the Banderites total hundreds of thousands of cases in various parts Ukraine.

Wards of Stepan Bandera imposed their power by terror and intimidation of the civilian population. The female part of the population for Bandera was often the object of rape. Those who refused to cooperate or were associated with the partisans were brutally tortured, after which they were shot or hanged along with their children.

The atrocities were monstrous Soviet soldiers over women. Statistics as the Red Army advances through the countries previously captured by the Germans Western Europe to Berlin gradually increased. Embittered and having seen enough of all the horrors created by Hitler's troops on Russian soil, Soviet soldiers were spurred on by a thirst for revenge and some orders from the top military leadership.

The victorious march of the Soviet Army, according to eyewitnesses, was accompanied by pogroms, robberies and often gang rapes of women and girls.

Chechen atrocities against women: statistics, photos

Throughout all the armed conflicts on the territory of the Chechen Republic of Ichkeria (Chechnya), Chechen atrocities against women were especially cruel. In the course of the three Chechen territories occupied by militants, genocide was carried out against the Russian population - women and young girls were raped, tortured and killed.

Some were taken away during the retreat, so that later, under the threat of reprisals, they could demand a ransom from their relatives. For the Chechens, they were nothing more than a commodity that could be profitably sold or exchanged. Women rescued or ransomed from captivity spoke about the terrible treatment they received from the militants - they were given little food, often beaten and raped.

For attempting to escape, they were threatened with immediate reprisals. In total, more than 5,000 women suffered and were brutally tortured and killed during the entire period of confrontation between federal troops and Chechen fighters.

War in Yugoslavia - atrocities against women

The war on the Balkan Peninsula, which subsequently led to the split of the state, became another armed conflict in which the female population was subjected to the worst bullying, torture,. The reason for the ill-treatment was the different religions of the warring parties, ethnic strife.

As a result of the Yugoslav wars between Serbs, Croats, Bosnians, Albanians, which lasted from 1991 to 2001, Wikipedia estimates the death toll at 127,084 people. Of these, about 10-15% are women from the civilian population who were shot, tortured or died as a result of air strikes and artillery shelling.

ISIS atrocities against women: statistics, photos

In the modern world, the atrocities of ISIS against women who find themselves in terrorist-controlled territories are considered the most terrible in their inhumanity and cruelty. Representatives of the weaker sex who do not belong to the Islamic faith are subjected to particular cruelty.

Women and underage girls are kidnapped, after which many are repeatedly resold on the black market as slaves. Many of them are forcibly forced into sexual relations with militants - sex jihad. Those who refuse intimacy are publicly executed.

Women who have fallen into sexual slavery to jihadists are taken away, from which future militants are trained, they are forced to do all the hard work around the house, to enter into intimacy, both with the owner and with his friends. Those who try to escape and are caught are brutally beaten, after which many are subjected to public execution.

Today, more than 4,000 women of various ages and nationalities have been abducted by ISIS militants. The fate of many of them is unknown. The approximate number of women victims, including those killed during the largest wars of the twentieth century, is presented in the table:

Conclusion

The military conflicts that arise on earth lead to the fact that the statistics of atrocities against women will steadily grow in the future without the intervention of international organizations and the manifestation of humanity of the warring parties towards women.