See what a "subordinating relationship" is in other dictionaries. Types of subordination in phrases and sentences
Available between two or more syntactically unequal words in a sentence or phrase, in the case when one of them is considered the main one, and, accordingly, the other is considered dependent. A subordinating relationship in a sentence exists between the main and subordinate clauses. This article will focus on the phrase and the main ways of subordination.
A phrase is a logical combination of two or more words that are related grammatically and in meaning. It is known that the phrase serves to more clearly describe objects and their features, as well as the actions that they perform.
In phrases, the dependent word is related to the main word in several ways. So, the methods of subordination include:
1) agreement;
2) management;
3) junction.
This classification of methods is based on what part of speech expresses the dependent word in the phrase. Consider each of the above methods in more detail.
Ways of subordination: agreement
So, when managing, the dependent word answers the question, for example: remember history - remember (what?), Protect a person - protect (whom?) And so on. It is important to remember that a preposition will always be a sign of control.
Ways of subordinating communication: adjoining
Adjacency is the third type of subordinating connection, in which the dependence of a word is expressed lexically, by intonation and word order. Only such as infinitive, adverb, comparative degree of adjective, gerund, possessive pronoun can adjoin. It is these words that will indicate adjacency. In principle, the very word "adjacency" speaks for itself: the dependent word adjoins, that is, it explains the main thing.
In such a phrase, the main word can be a verb (clearly understand), a noun (Turkish coffee), an adjective (very understandable), an adverb, a participle (slightly tilted).
The connection in phrases with the infinitive is also regarded as an adjunction. For example, I ask you to write down, I want to see, and the like.
And, finally, a small "cheat sheet" that will help you quickly identify the method of subordination:
When agreeing, there are three requirements of the main word to the dependent - number, gender, case;
When managing from the main word, there is one requirement - case;
When adjoining, the main word cannot require anything.
writing connection
Means of expressing syntactic links in phrases
III. Adverbial phrases
1. Phrases with an adverb (for example: very well, still good).
2. Phrases with nouns (for example: far from home, alone with my son, shortly before exams).
Syntactic connection - formal constructional relations between the components of syntactic units, revealing semantic connections (syntactic relations) and expressed by means of the language.
Means of expressing syntactic links in phrases and simple sentences:
1) word forms:
the case form of nouns;
number, gender, case of adjectives;
person, number, gender of conjugated forms of verbs.
2) prepositions;
3) word order;
4) intonation (in written speech it is expressed with the help of punctuation marks).
Syntactic links are divided into coordinating and subordinating, which oppose each other on the basis of the presence / absence of the relationship of "master" and "servant" in the syntactic construction.
At composition single function components. This connection is characterized by the number of combined structural components, i.e. sign of openness/closedness.
At closed coordinative communication only two of its components can be connected ( brother not sister; you love sadly and hard, and a woman's heart is joking). Necessarily expressed by opposing unions ( A, But), gradation ( not only but; yes and), explanatory ( namely, that is).
With an open coordinative connection, an indefinite number of components can be connected at once. It can be expressed without conjunctions or with the help of connectives ( And, Yes) and separating ( or, or, Also etc.) unions.
At subordination the role of the components in the creation of the structure is different, they are multifunctional. The Russian language has different formal means of expressing the subordinating relationship. These funds are grouped into three main types.
First view the formal expression of dependence is likening the form of the dependent word to the forms of the dominant word; such assimilation is carried out in those cases when the dependent word changes in cases, numbers and gender (this is an adjective, including pronominal adjectives, ordinal numbers and participles), in cases and numbers (this is a noun) or in cases, except for them. n. and, for some. excl., wine n. (numerals); eg: new house (new home, new home...), late passengers, my brother, first flight; tower house, giant plant; three tables, four tables, several athletes. The condition for the formation of such a connection is the possibility that the connecting words of the case, number and gender coincide - with the dependence of the adjective, or the case and the number, or only the case - with the dependence of the noun ( tower house, in the tower house..., nursery-new building, V manger-new building...).
Second view formal expression of dependence - setting a dependent word in the form of an indirect case without a preposition or with a preposition (attaching a case form of a name to a word); the main word in such a connection can be a word of any part of speech, and a noun can be a dependent one (including a pronoun-noun, a quantitative and a collective numeral): read a book, get angry at a student, enter the yard, marry the groom, watch the instruments, be in the city, work for seven, father's arrival, buying a house, award to the winners, math exam, city on the Volga, capable of science, alone with myself, stronger than death , someone in a mask, first on the edge.
Third view formal expression of dependence - the addition to the dominant word of a word that does not have forms of change: an adverb, an invariable adjective, as well as an infinitive or gerund, which syntactically behave like independent words. In this case, the main word can be a verb, a noun, an adjective, a quantitative numeral, and also, when combined with an adverb, a pronoun-noun. With this type of connection, the immutability of the dependent word itself serves as a formal indicator of dependence, and the resulting relationship serves as an internal, semantic indicator: run fast, right turn, beige, overcoat saddle, golden side, sixth from left, three upstairs, order to advance, decide to leave, act smarter, older people, someone more experienced.
In modern Russian, three types of subordination are traditionally distinguished: agreement, control and adjunction. When distinguishing and defining these connections, not only strictly formal types of connection should be taken into account, but also the significant side of the connection that is inseparable from these types, i.e., the relations arising on its basis.
Coordination- This subordination, which is expressed by likening the form of the dependent word to the form of the dominant word in gender, number and case, or in number and case, or only in case, and means proper attributive relations: new house, someone else, tower house, nursery-new building. The main word in agreement can be a noun, a pronoun-noun and a cardinal numeral in the form im.-vin. n. With informatively insufficient words, agreement combines a definitive meaning with a complementary meaning and thus acquires signs of a strong connection: funny business, incomprehensible things.
Control- this is a subordinating relationship, which is expressed by attaching a noun to the dominant word in the form of an indirect case (without a preposition or with a preposition) and means a relationship that is complementary or object or contaminated: object-supplementing or object-defining. The main word in control can be a word of any part of speech: become a scientist, be ignorant, master of fiction, contemplative, two students, alone with myself; read a book, buying a house, angry at everyone; run into rudeness; get home, drive off the mountain..
adjoining- this is a subordinating relationship that exists in two forms, of which each receives an independent definition. There is a distinction between adjacency in the narrow sense of the word (or adjunction proper) and adjunction in the broad sense of the word (case adjacency). Adjacency proper - this is a connection in which invariable words act as a dependent word: an adverb, an invariable adjective, as well as an infinitive, or a participle. In doing so, there may be various relationships: when adjoining the infinitive - complementary (), object ( learn to draw, agree to go), or adverbial adjectives ( come talk); adjoining adverbs, gerunds - definitive ( To talk slowly, read faster, extremely interesting, city at night, second from left) or defining complementary ( be nearby, get expensive, be listed here, get smarter); when adjoining an invariable adjective - proper definitives ( indigo, tsunami waves, mini skirt, older boy). The word of any part of speech can dominate in this connection.
case junction- this is an attachment to the main word (any part of speech) of a case (without a preposition or with a preposition) form of a name with a definitive meaning: come May 5th, come in the evening, wooden spoon, city on the Volga, house with two windows, gray checkered, handsome face , teapot lid, one step ahead, someone in blue, first in line. With case adjacency, there are attributive, subject-determinative relations, or - with informatively insufficient words that require a circumstantial distributor, - adverbial-replenishing ( be on the coast, be in the factory, cost a hundred rubles, long before dawn).
subordination - this is a connection that unites sentences or words, one of which is the main (subordinate), and the other is dependent (subordinate).
phrase - this is a combination of two or more significant words related to each other in meaning and grammatically. green eyes, writing letters, hard to convey. In the phrase, the main (from which the question is asked) and the dependent (to which the question is asked) word is distinguished: Blue ball. Rest outside the city. Ball and rest are the main words.
The following are not subordinating phrases:
1. The combination of an independent word with a service one: near the house, before a thunderstorm, let him sing; 2. Combinations of words as part of phraseological units: beat the buckets, play the fool, headlong; 3. Subject and predicate: the night has come;
4. Compound word forms: lighter, will walk;
5. Groups of words united by a coordinating link: fathers and children.
There are three types of subordination:
Coordination
- this type of subordinating connection, in which the dependent word becomes in the same forms as the main one: green oak
, wide field, fresh cut grass, green lawns.
The main word in agreement is a noun (or a word in its meaning), a dependent adjective, a participle, as well as a numeral and a pronoun, similar in form to an adjective: green oak, oak green in the distance, third oak from the road, this oak. Sometimes the dependent word in agreement can be a noun: hero city, teenage girl, giant cliff.
A dependent word can agree in number, gender and case, or in number and case, or only in case.
When negotiating, a change in the main word causes a corresponding change in the dependent word: green oak - green oak - green oak etc.
Agreement is expressed using the ending of the dependent word.
Control
- this type of subordinating connection, in which the dependent word (noun or word in the sense of a noun) is placed in the case determined by the main word: be proud of your deeds(the main word governs the instrumental case); strive for perfection(the main word governs the dative case); road to port(the main word governs the accusative case).
When controlled, only the form of the main word changes: I'm proud of my deeds, proud of your deeds, be proud of your deeds etc.
Combined with words like three palm trees(with inanimate noun) word three in them. and wine. cases governs a noun, and in other cases it agrees with it: im. and wine. P. three tables- management; dates P. three tables, creative P. three tables, preposition P. ( O) three tables- agreement.
Combined type three girlfriends(with an animate noun) management is observed only in it. n., in other cases - agreement: three friends, three friends, three friends,three friends, (O) three friends- agreement.
adjoining
- this type of subordinating connection, in which the dependent word is associated with the main one in meaning and intonation: go fast, speak slowly, desire to speak,very nice.
Invariable words adjoin - adverbs (soft-boiled egg), gerunds (met smiling), infinitive (went out for a walk, desire to go).
Exercise. What type of connection is used in the phrase CAPTURE MECHANICALLY.
We define the main word and ask a question from it: to catch (how?) Mechanically; catch - the main word, mechanically - dependent. We determine the part of speech of the dependent word: mechanically is an adverb. If the dependent word answers the question how? and is an adverb, then adjunction is used in the phrase.
1. In the text, it is easier for you to find the dependent word first.
2. If you need agreement, look for a word that answers the question what? whose?
3. If you need control, look for a non-nominative noun or pronoun.
4. If you need to find an adjunction, look for an invariable word (infinitive, gerund, adverb or possessive pronoun).
5. Determine from which word you can ask a question to the dependent word.
Exercise. Write out from the sentences subordinative phrase with connection CONNECTION.
I was in third grade when I had a bad cold. I have otitis media. I screamed in pain and pounded my head with my hands. Mom called an ambulance, and we went to the district hospital.
When adjoining, the dependent word is an infinitive, adverb or gerund. Let's try to find these parts of speech: strongly (how?) - adverb. We find the main word for it, from which a question is asked to the adverb: caught a cold. Thus, we write out the phrase got a bad cold.
Grammatically equal. This is a creative connection.
In some situations, one word may depend on another, and the subordinate clause of a sentence may be subordinate to another, main one. This is a subordinate relationship.
What are the features of a subordinate relationship?
IN different words ah and phrases, different types of it are involved. The types of subordinating connection largely depend on what parts of speech the constituent phrases are expressed.
Coordination. With this variety, the dependent word is completely likened to the main one in gender, case, number. (Blue Lagoon, to our team).
Most often, dependent words in agreement are:
- adjectives,
- participles (both real and passive),
- some pronouns are possessive, demonstrative, attributive, negative),
- ordinals.
The main word must be a noun or any other part of speech acting in its role. For example: dear audience, the first cosmonaut, convalescent works. Types of subordination in phrases are not limited to agreement only.
Control. The dependent word must be attached to the main word in the form required by the lexical and grammatical meaning of the main word. Simply put, the dependent word must be in the main in a certain gender, case or number. (I remember the past, put it on the table, stand at the table, etc.). Dependent words in this case can be:
- nouns (or other words in their role): look at those sitting, sing a song;
- pronouns: get angry with him;
- some numerals: get angry at both.
The exact sign of control is the presence of a preposition in the phrase.
Adjacency. In this case, the main and dependent word are connected not by a grammatical form, but exclusively lexical meaning. Can only join:
- adverb: run quickly;
- infinitive: must scatter;
- gerund: walked, singing;
- simple comparative adjective: older boys;
- invariable adjectives: khaki.
It is not difficult to figure out what types of subordination take place in a particular phrase if you act with the help of such a simplified hint.
The types of subordination are also divided into groups:
- Allied submission. I want it to be warm tomorrow. Relationship is expressed through union.
- Subordination is relative. The day came when the chicks flew out of the nest. Subordination is carried out with the help. It should be noted that these types of subordination are very similar.
- Obedience is indirect-interrogative. I can't figure out what it was. The main and subordinate parts are connected by adverbs and interrogatives).
- Submission sequential or inclusion. I know that I will find a job that will help me become richer. Adnexal "cling" sequentially, for each other.
- Subordination is mutual. I did not have time to enter, as I was captured by the maelstrom of events. Such a connection is expressed lexico-semantically, and both parts are interdependent.
- · Parallel subordination or subordination. When I approached the window, Marina turned her head to get a better look at me. The subordinate clauses obey one word in the main or the entire main.
In a phrase, dependent words are associated with the main three ways: coordination, control, adjunction . The classification of methods of subordination is based on what part of speech the dependent word is expressed.
Coordination- this is a method of communication in which the dependent word is put in the same forms of gender, number and case as the main word. For example: shady garden (masculine, singular, Nominative case), after a long separation(feminine, singular, genitive) fallen leaves (plural, Nominative case). When the form of the main word changes, the form of the dependent word also changes accordingly: shady garden, shady garden(Genitive), in a shady garden(prepositional).
When agreed, the dependent word can be expressed: by an adjective (difficult task), pronoun-adjective (our friend), communion (incoming wave), ordinal number (second entrance) quantitative numeral in indirect cases (with three friends).
Control- a method of communication in which the dependent word is placed with the main one in a certain indirect case with or without a preposition. For example: buy a magazine(the dependent noun is in the accusative case), talk to him(the dependent pronoun is in the instrumental case with the preposition "s"). In control with changing the form of the main word, the form of the dependent word does not change. Wed: buy a magazine, bought a magazine, bought a magazine, buy a magazine.
When controlled, the dependent word can be expressed: noun (break vase) pronoun-noun (tell him), cardinal number (divide by five) and other parts of speech used in the meaning of a noun (care for the sick).
adjoining- a method of communication in which a dependent invariable word (or form of a word) is associated with the main one only in meaning and intonation. For example: go limping, very happy.
When adjoining, the dependent word can be expressed: adverb (crying loudly) infinitive (ready to help), gerund (work non-stop) form of the comparative degree of an adjective or adverb (older boy, come closer) invariable possessive pronouns (her friend).
Types of communication - coordinating and subordinating.
In Russian, there are two main types of communication between words and sentences - coordinating and subordinating.
writing connection is present in equal parts: in this case it is impossible to ask a question from one part to another. Such a connection between words in coordinating phrases (forest and mountains). In simple sentences, these are homogeneous members (“... We will dance the forest and mountains!” I. Krylov). A coordinating connection is also between parts of compound sentences (“... And we have notes, and we have instruments ...” I. Krylov). Coordinating conjunctions contribute to the coordinative connection: and, but, but, or, or, then - then, not that - not that, etc.
subordination combines the main part and the dependent part. From the main part, a question is asked to the dependent part. Such a connection occurs in subordinating phrases (let's sit down next to each other) and in complex sentences ("... we'll probably get along, under what condition? If we sit next to each other" I. Krylov). The subordinating relationship is carried out with the help of the endings of dependent words, specified with the help of prepositions and formalized by subordinating conjunctions: what, which, where, because, if, when, etc. complex sentence. In the phrase “everything to him”, the subordinating relationship is expressed by the ending -him, supported by the preposition to, from the main word to the dependent, the question is asked to whom? Main and subordinate clause connected by a subordinating union so that.
If in a phrase both words are unchangeable parts of speech, that is, they have no endings and prepositions are not used with them, then the connection between them is carried out with the help of intonation. In the unionless complex sentence connection between simple sentences is also carried out by the intonation of enumeration.
Types of subordination in a phrase and sentence
There is such a thing in linguistics as a subordinating relationship. In Russian, the subordinating connection occurs in phrases and sentences. This happens all the time in speech. But what is a subordinating phrase and a sentence?
First, let's look at what subordination means. It connects independent (significant) words and phrases through the fact that one part is main and the other is dependent. It is very easy to check this. From the main part, you can ask a question to the dependent. Such a connection is determined both by meaning and grammatically. For example, beautiful flower, where from the word "flower" you can ask the question "what?" to the word "beautiful" and determine that the dependent here is an adjective.
Types of subordination in a phrase
Coordination
The gender, number and case form of the dependent part are fully consistent with the main part, that is, it is likened to it. From the main word, you can ask questions “what?” and "whose?" (These questions may vary depending on the form).
This is interesting: compound sentences, examples in the literature.
When agreeing, the noun is always the main one, and the dependents can be:
- Adjectives: blue sea, clear image, bright light.
- Ordinal numbers: first place, (on) the tenth floor, hundredth film.
- Participles: writing man, a running kitten, a bouncing ball.
- Possessive pronouns (other than them, him, her): our hearts, my treasure.
Coordination also is complete and incomplete. In the first case, the dependent word in all forms is likened to the main one, and in the second case, only partially. But the incomplete form concerns rather only exceptions and vernacular. An example of incomplete (or partial) agreement is the case when a word denoting a profession (as we know, many such words are in the masculine form, but the person himself can be a woman) has an adjective next to it, but in a different gender (our doctor).
Control
When controlling, the dependent word changes under the influence of the main word only in case, one word “controls” another. A word combination with control can be: a verb + a noun, a gerund + a noun, a participle + a noun, two nouns or a cardinal number + a noun. Happens two types of control: with a preposition when there is a preposition, or without a preposition. When managing a dependent word, the question of the indirect case or the adverbial question (where, where, where from) is asked, since the word can answer two questions at the same time.
Examples: smoking a cigarette, living in a house, a cat toy, six players, dropping out of school, writing books.
adjoining
With this type of connection, one part "adjoins" the other. In other words, these phrases determined only by meaning, since both parts retain all their shapes. The main sign of adjacency is that the dependent word is an invariable part of speech (verb infinitive, gerund, adverb, pronouns his, her, them).
The main difference from management and coordination is precisely the “independence” of the parts and dependence on each other only in meaning. Adjacency is the connection of two nouns if they denote a name (Lake Baikal, the country of Russia, the Volga River). You can ask a circumstantial question (not to be confused with management!): what to do, what to do, what to do, what to do, and whose (him, her, them).
Examples: his jacket, planet Earth, live well, drive without stopping, grew up quickly.
Phrases that do not have a subordinating connection
Subordination in sentences
Sentences also have a subordinating relationship, but this only applies to non-compound sentences. A complex sentence differs from a compound one in that both parts cannot be broken. If they are used separately, then the sentence will lose its meaning, while the parts compound sentence quite possible use separately and on the letter to divide by a dot.
Separate the types of subordination in such sentences only if there are several subordinate clauses. For example: he told me that he would only go to the place where he was sent. Here we see one main clause and two dependent ones.
- sequential;
- parallel;
- homogeneous.
- Coordination- this is a type of subordination when the dependent word takes on the grammatical forms of the main word, for example: a beautiful picture.
- Control- a kind of subordinative connection, when the dependent word is used in that indirect case that requires the main word, for example: write a book, click teeth, advise a friend (to whom? dative case);
- adjoining- this is a kind of syntactic connection when an unchangeable dependent word is attached to the main one in meaning. For example: Very nice (how nice?).
- Her shoes- this is an adjunction (whose?),
- To see him- management (of whom?).
- run to the store- management,
- go here- junction.
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Sequential a sentence can be defined if a question goes from the main part to a subordinate clause, and from this clause to another clause. For example: I bought a jacket (which one?), which was sewn for me in an atelier (in which one?), which is far from my home.
At parallel in the form of subordination to all subordinate clauses, questions are asked from the main part, but from different words. Thus, a kind of "parallel" is obtained. In such cases, usually main part is among dependents. (Example: when the bell rang at school, I was talking to a new classmate who had recently moved into our class).
At homogeneous type dependent sentences refer to the same word in the main part. (For example: today I went for a walk in the park, which is usually very few people and where I forgot my jacket).
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Types of subordination in phrases
With the help of 5-ege.ru you can easily learn how to determine the type of subordination.
subordination- this is a connection that unites sentences or words, one of which is the main (subordinate), and the other is dependent (subordinate).
phrase- this is a combination of two or more significant words related to each other in meaning and grammatically.
green eyes, writing letters, hard to convey.
In the phrase, the main (from which the question is asked) and the dependent (to which the question is asked) word is distinguished:
Blue ball. Rest outside the city. The ball and rest are the main words.
Trap!
The following are not subordinating phrases:
1. The combination of an independent word with a service: near the house, before a thunderstorm, let him sing;
2. Combinations of words as part of phraseological units: beat buckets, fool around, headlong;
3. Subject and predicate: night has come;
4. Compound word forms : lighter, will walk;
5. Groups of words united by a coordinating link: Fathers and Sons.
Video about types of subordination
If you like the video format, you can watch it.
There are three types of subordination:
seashore, young people reading, first snow, my home
Questions may vary by case!
Remember! The prepositional case form of a noun can be a circumstance, therefore questions of circumstance are asked for these forms (see below)
listen carefully, go without looking back, soft-boiled egg
4. possessive pronouns(his, her, them)
2. What are you doing? having done what?
3. how? Where? Where? where? When? For what? Why?
Distinguish!
Her coat is adjoining (whose), to see her is control (whom).
In the categories of pronouns, two homonymous (the same in sound and spelling, but different in meaning) categories are distinguished. The questions of indirect cases are answered by the personal pronoun, and it participates in the subordinating connection - control, and the possessive answers the question whose? and is immutable, it participates in adjacency.
Go to the garden - management, go there - adjoining.
Distinguish between the prepositional case form and the adverb. They may have the same questions! If there is a preposition between the main word and the dependent, then you have control.
Algorithm of actions No. 1.
1) Identify the main word by asking a question from one word to another.
2) Determine the part of speech of the dependent word.
3) Pay attention to the question you ask to the dependent word.
4) According to the identified signs, determine the type of connection.
Parsing the task.
What type of connection is used in the phrase CAPTURE MECHANICALLY.
We define the main word and ask a question from it: catch (how?) mechanically; catch - main word, mechanically - dependent. Determine the part of speech of the dependent word: mechanically- is an adverb. If the dependent word answers the question How? and is an adverb, then the phrase uses the connection abutment.
Algorithm of actions No. 2.
1. In the text, it is easier for you to find the dependent word first.
2. If you need agreement, look for the word that answers the question Which? whose?
3. If you need control, look for a non-nominative noun or pronoun.
4. If you need to find an adjunction, look for an invariable word (infinitive, gerund, adverb or possessive pronoun).
5. Determine from which word you can ask a question to the dependent word.
From the sentences, write out a subordinating phrase with the connection CONNECTION.
I was in third grade when I had a bad cold. I have otitis media. I screamed in pain and pounded my head with my hands. Mom called an ambulance, and we went to the district hospital.
When adjoining, the dependent word is an infinitive, adverb or gerund. Let's try to find these parts of speech: strong (how?) adverb. We find the main word for it, from which a question is asked to the adverb: caught a cold.
Thus, write out the phrase got a bad cold.
Home » Preparation for the Unified State Examination in the Russian language » Types of subordination in phrases
Ways of subordination
The methods of subordination are as follows: coordination, control, adjacency
Coordination as a way of subordination
main word when agreed, there are a noun, a substantiated adjective or participle (that is, it has passed into the category of nouns), as well as a pronoun, a noun, for example: high spirits, student canteen.
dependent word can be an adjective, pronoun-adjective, ordinal number or participle, i.e. such categories of words in which the categories of gender, number and case are not independent, for example: the right decision, our meeting.
Management as a way of subordination
main word when driving, it can act as a verb (to enjoy meeting), a noun (love for people), an adjective (worthy of regret), an adverb (not far from the city), ordinal (first in class).
When driving dependent word nouns, noun pronouns, substantiated adjectives (cover with snow, conversation with workers) always appear.
Adjacency as a way of subordination
Adjoining invariable words: infinitive, adverb, form of a simple comparative degree, gerund, some invariable adjectives (order to advance, door to the left, a little south).
Infinitive adjoins the verb (try to answer, came to visit), noun (desire to make peace), adjective (intends to rest)
Comparative forms adjoin the verb (answer better, run faster), to the noun (the news is more interesting, the drink is stronger)
Participles adjoin the verb in cases where the meaning of the adverb develops in them (read lying, sleep sitting).
Invariable adjectives such as beige, mini, maxi, Hindi, midi, flared, etc. adjoin nouns (Hindi language, peak hours).
Distinguish between connection and control
In the ranks of pronouns there are two homonymous ranks. The personal pronoun answers the questions of indirect cases, and it participates in the subordinating connection - this is control, and the possessive participates in the adjunction.
It is important to distinguish between the prepositional case form and the adverb, because there may be the same questions! If there is a preposition between the main and dependent word, then this is management.
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