Presentation and topic review of Fadeev's work. Alexander Alexandrovich Fadeev

A.A. Fadeev (1901 -1956)

His life is full of contradictions of the era. A man of great courage, he chose the same heroes. Courage, feat, selfless devotion the cause of the revolution and the readiness to die distinguish its heroes.

• Alexander Fadeev was born in the village of Kimry, Tver province.
• Alexander Ivanovich Fadeev - the father of the writer

The first Russian revolution found the writer's mother and his stepfather in Vilna, where they conducted propaganda among the population. In 1907 they moved to Primorye.

The writer's mother and his stepfather

• House in Chuguevka, near the mountain spurs of Sikhote-Alin. Right - Sasha Fadeev
• The formation of the future writer was greatly influenced by the Sibirtsev family, the writer's relatives.

Maria Vladimirovna Sibirtseva Vsevolod and Igor Sibirtsev.

• Full of youthful hopes, with volumes of Maxim Gorky and Nekrasov, we entered the revolution

Vladivostok commercial school.

Russian language teacher and literature

S. G. Pashkovsky

Alexander (standing first from the left)

• Partisan detachment
• Alexander Fadeev - partisan
• Sergey Lazo - commander of the partisan army of Primorye. Executed by the Japanese. Together with him, Vsevolod Sibirtsev died.

• Gubelman, commissar of the partisan detachment, one of the prototypes of Levinson
• Commissar Pevsner - the prototype of Levinson in the novel
• Baranov is Pevzner's assistant. Baklanov's prototype

• In the spring of 1921, together with other delegates to the 10th Congress of the RCP (b), Fadeev suppressed the Kronstadt uprising.
• Since February 1924, Fadeev has been at party work in the North Caucasus. At this time (1925 -1926) he creates the novel "The Defeat"

A. Fadeev among the students of the Mining Academy (standing first from the left)

Fadeev in 1925

Writers of the Lost Generation

- Remarque, Hemingway ("Farewell to Arms"), Aldington and others.

Their heroes are people, most often young people, traumatized by the war. Mental and physical wounds do not give them the opportunity to truly enter a peaceful life.

The heroes of these writers do not think about the goals of the war, do not hate the enemy, do not remember him.

In the works about the “lost generation”, the theme of heroism was not needed.

Are there heroes in Rout who accomplish the feat?

What did the Reds fight for?

Why were the whites fighting?

What did the Cossacks fight for?

What is social justice?

The concept of world revolution.

Konstantin Yuon.

"New Planet"

Utopian features in revolutionary ideology.

Where are they from?

From a great desire to build a new, just world.

Works of outstanding Soviet artists OST groups

It was about such a life that the heroes of A. Fadeev and N. Ostrovsky, A. Gaidar and D. Furmanov dreamed

Deineka. Future pilots. OST. GTG

Pimenov. New Moscow OST. GTG

But for this life you will have to fight a lot, long and cruelly.

M. B. Grekov

Deineka "Defense of Petrograd" OST GTG

Trumpeters of the First Cavalry.

AHR GTG

For the sake of a new life, the heroes of "Rout" go to fight.

They leave voluntarily.

Name them.

Among them is one ideologist - Levinson.

The rest are spontaneous fighters for a new life.

"Rout"

These writers became an example for a young author

The main theme of the novel, as the writer himself defined it, is the image of the selection of "human material" during the civil war.

• Fadeev managed to give lively and plastic images of the characters. For the most part, they are not schematic, full of passions and emotions. Each of them has their own life behind them, which forced them to come to the detachment.
• Fadeev singles out the commander of the Levinson detachment, outwardly so little resemblance to the "iron commissar" with which young proletarian literature was filled at that time.
• Levinson has a difficult inner world, family in dire straits. But he hides all this so that no one in the detachment doubts his right to command

Name the young heroes of "Rout".

Who were they before the revolution? Why did they go to war?

• Levinson is not just commanding a detachment. He also educates his undisciplined fighters. Frost is especially distinguished by the carelessness.
• Levinson must improve relations with the peasants, otherwise the partisans in the taiga will not survive.
• Therefore, he arranges a trial for Morozkaya, who committed the theft.
• The images of young heroes have always been the main ones in Fadeev's work.

• Next to the expressive native of the Morozka mines, the image of the Mechik is somewhat schematic. He rushes about, he lacks ideological conviction and revolutionary hardening. Simplifying his task, Fadeev makes Mechik an intellectual who got into the detachment only because of revolutionary romance. But the collision with life breaks the Sword.
• The past of the heroes determines their ideological choice - such a conclusion makes Soviet writer professing the principle of a class approach in assessing people.

• Remarkable is the image of the shepherd Metelitsa, who, despite his youth, became the commander of a cavalry reconnaissance platoon. He, like Morozka, did not receive an education, but there is no rudeness, cruelty, or slovenliness in him.
• The snowstorm dies like a real hero, without saying anything to the enemy and trying to protect the shepherd boy, in whom he saw not only his past, but also his future.

Boris Ioganson.

"Interrogation of communists" State Tretyakov Gallery Socialist realism.

If Fadeev's heroes had stayed alive - would they have become people of a new society

Boris Ioganson "Rabfak is coming" GTG

Rabfak is a working faculty that prepared working youth for entering a university.

Socialist realism

• There are two scenes in the work, in which the future tragedies of the Soviet state and its inhabitants are guessed.
• This is the scene of the seizure (requisition) of a pig from a Korean and the scene of the poisoning of the fighter Frolov by Dr. Stashinsky.
• In these scenes, Fadeev, without hiding anything, shows that not only innocent people, but even their own people can suffer in the revolutionary struggle.
• It is important to understand why the commander decides to take such actions and does the author of the novel justify him? How did you resolve such conflicts? classic literature 19th century?

• The novel ends with the almost complete death of the detachment, but Levinson fulfills the task set for himself: he leads the detachment out of the swamps as a combat unit.
• At the end of the novel, the essence of the characters of Frost and Sword is clarified. Following the class approach, Fadeev makes a hero of a former miner and a traitor of an intellectual.
• The novel "The Rout" was a great achievement precisely Soviet literature, created by those who went through the fronts of the Civil War. These are Alexander Fadeev, Arkady Gaidar, Nikolai Ostrovsky.

A. Deineka. “At the construction of new workshops” 1926 OST

They dreamed of labor as the joy of creating a new life

• Since the autumn of 1926, Fadeev settled in Moscow and became one of the leaders of the Russian Association of Proletarian Writers.

In the 30s, Fadeev became one of the organizers of the Writers' Union of the USSR. At this time, a mass persecution of all those who somehow did not agree with the policy of the party began.

• Heroes of Fadeev's second novel
• In the spring of 1943 Soviet army released a small mining town Krasnodon. Soon it became known about the heroic struggle and death in the city during the fascist occupation of young guys - Krasnodon

Fadeev arrived in Krasnodon as part of a commission to clarify the activities of the youth underground. What he learned shocked him. He wrote an essay "Immortality" and placed it in the newspaper "Pravda" with photographs of five dead Komsomol members.

Hero Soviet Union

Sergei Tyulenin

Hero of the Soviet Union Ulyana Gromova

Hero of the Soviet Union

Ivan Zemnukhov

Hero of the Soviet Union

Lyubov Shevtsova

Commander of the "Young Guard" Ivan Turkenich.

He died during the liberation of Poland.

The most tragic figure

"Young Guard"

organization commissioner

Viktor Tretyakevich.

Hero of the Soviet Union

Oleg Koshevoy.

It is around his personality

there have been and are disputes.

Shaft of mine No. 5 - the place of execution of the Young Guards

This place is in the 50s.

This is the place today

A few of the surviving young guards:

Vasily Levashov

Georgy Arutyunyants

Valentina Borts

Anatoly Lopukhov

• Fadeev started writing a novel about the activities of an underground youth organization.
• This is how the novel "The Young Guard" appeared.

Monument "Oath" in Krasnodon

• Monument to Fadeev in Moscow on Miusskaya Square.
• The writer stands in front of the former building of the Shanyavsky University, where Yesenin studied, then in this building there was a communist academy, and now the Russian State University for the Humanities. To the right and left of Fadeev are the heroes of two of his famous novels.

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Alexander Alexandrovich Fadeev (1901-1956) Literature MBOU Secondary School No. 80 in Vladivostok Heading Sample Subheading Sample

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A. V. Fadeeva A. I. Fadeev A. A. Fadeev was born on December 24, 1901 in the city of Kimy, Tver province, in the family of a revolutionary member of the People's Will. Mother and stepfather, who soon replaced the father of the future writer, were paramedics. They took part in the social democratic movement in the city of Vilna in 1905-1906. Alexander Alexandrovich Fadeev (1901-1956) Sample title Sample text Second level Third level Fourth level Fifth level

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In 1908, the Fadeev family moved to the Far East and settled in the village of Chuguevka in the South Ussuri Territory. Sample title Sample text Second level Third level Fourth level Fifth level

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Alexander Alexandrovich Fadeev (1901-1956) Participated in the work of a literary circle and in a handwritten student journal. Since 1917 started appearing in newspapers Sample heading Sample text Second level Third level Fourth level Fifth level

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Alexander Alexandrovich Fadeev (1901-1956) In Vladivostok, Alexander Fadeev lived in the family of his aunt M. V. Sibirtseva. In his last student years, Fadeev took an active part in the city "Union of Students". Sample title Sample text Second level Third level Fourth level Fifth level

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Alexander Alexandrovich Fadeev (1901-1956) During the period of the struggle against the White Guards and interventionists on Far East young Fadeev in the Bolshevik underground of Vladivostok. He is in partisan detachments and parts of the revolutionary army of Primorye and Transbaikalia. The work experience gave him rich material for the creation of the novels "The Defeat", "The Last of the Udege" and a number of works of the small genre. Sample title Sample text Second level Third level Fourth level Fifth level

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Alexander Alexandrovich Fadeev (1901-1956) in the spring of 1921. 19-year-old A. Fadeev was elected a delegate from the Far Eastern Bolsheviks to the 10th Party Congress. Among the congress delegates, he participated in the suppression of the Kronstadt rebellion, was seriously wounded. Then he entered the Moscow Mining Academy. Sample title Sample text Second level Third level Fourth level Fifth level

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Alexander Alexandrovich Fadeev (1901-1956) In 1923, his first works were published: the story “Spill” and the story “Against the Current”. After graduating from the academy, the writer was sent to party work at North Caucasus. In Rostov-on-Don (1924-1926) he served as editor of the regional newspaper "Soviet South". Here he wrote his first novel, The Defeat. Sample title Sample text Second level Third level Fourth level Fifth level

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Alexander Alexandrovich Fadeev (1901-1956) A. A. Fadeev, as a war correspondent, wrote a series of artistic and journalistic essays. In 1945, a novel about the exploits of the Komsomol members of the underground during the war years, Young Guard, was published. A new concept of the novel, in accordance with the ideological guidelines of the party, was published in 1951. Sample title Sample text Second level Third level Fourth level Fifth level

The beginning... On December 11 (24), 1901, in the village of Kimry (now a city in the Tver Region), a boy, Alexander, was born into the family of a village teacher Alexander Ivanovich Fadeev. Growing up since childhood gifted child. He was about four years old, when he independently mastered the letter, watched from the side how his sister Tanya was taught, and learned the entire alphabet. From the age of four, he began to read books, striking adults with an indefatigable imagination, writing the most extraordinary stories and fairy tales. His favorite writers from childhood were Jack London, Mine Reed, Fenimore Cooper Selo Kimry, Tver province A. Fadeev with his sister

1902 - 1911 The family wandered in search of work: first the Fadeevs moved to Kursk, then to Vilna (Vilnius), then to Ufa, in 1908 they settled in the Primorsky Territory. In 1905, the parents separated, and two years later, the mother Antonina Vladimirovna Kunz was getting married again. The city of Vladivostok 1910 The village of Chuguevka The house where the Fadeev family lived

1918 Fadeev's revolutionary activity began in Vladivostok. Sasha Bulyga (his party pseudonym) distributes leaflets calling for a fight against the interventionists. A. Fadeev-Bulyga 1918 Vladivostok One of the secret apartments of the Bolshevik underground

Creation civil war Fadeev's next novel, The Last of Udege, is also dedicated (parts 1-4, not finished). Fadeev is also known for a number of essays and articles on the development of literature in the conditions of socialist realism. The "writer's minister," as Fadeev was called, actually led literature in the USSR for nearly two decades. For creativity, he almost did not have time and energy. The last novel "Black Metallurgy" remained unfinished. The writer planned to create a fundamental work on author's sheets. As a result, for posthumous publication in Ogonyok, it was possible to collect 8 chapters on 3 printed sheets from drafts.

Immediately after the end of the Great Patriotic War() Fadeev sits down to write a novel about the Krasnodon underground organization "Young Guard", which operated in the territory occupied by Nazi Germany, many of whose members were destroyed by the Nazis. Until the end of the 1980s, the novel The Young Guard was perceived as the history of the organization ideologically approved by the party, and a different interpretation of events was impossible. The novel was part of the curriculum of the USSR and was well known to any schoolchild of the years.

Personal life The first wife of Fadeev was Valeria Anatolyevna Gerasimova, the second (since 1936) Angelina Stepanova, People's Artist USSR, which raised two children with Fadeev: Alexander and Mikhail. In addition, in 1943, the common daughter of Fadeev and M.I. Aliger, Maria Aleksandrovna Fadeeva-Makarova-Entsesberger, was born (she committed suicide in 1991). Angelina Stepanovna

Public and political activity For many years, Fadeev led writers' organizations at various levels. in the years was one of the organizers and ideologists of the RAPP ( Russian Association proletarian writers). Vice President of the World Peace Council (since 1950). Member of the Central Committee of the CPSU (); at the XX Congress of the CPSU (1956) he was elected a candidate member of the Central Committee of the CPSU. Member of the USSR Supreme Council of the 2nd-4th convocations (since 1946) and the RSFSR Supreme Soviet of the 3rd convocation. Fadeev worked as the editor-in-chief of Literaturnaya Gazeta, was the organizer of the October magazine and was a member of its editorial board.

Death... May 13, 1956 Alexander Fadeev shot himself with a revolver at his dacha in Peredelkino. In the obituary official reason suicide, alcoholism was indicated. In fact, two weeks before his suicide, A. A. Fadeev stopped drinking, “About a week before suicide, he began to prepare for it, wrote letters different people"(Vyacheslav Vsevolodovich Ivanov). Contrary to the last will to be buried next to his mother, Fadeev was buried on Novodevichy cemetery. Fadeev's suicide letter, addressed to the Central Committee of the CPSU, was confiscated by the KGB and published for the first time only in 1990: ... My life, as a writer, loses all meaning, and I am with great joy, as getting rid of this vile existence, where meanness, lies fall upon you and slander, I'm leaving this life. last hope I even wanted to say this to the people who rule the state, but for the past 3 years, despite my requests, they can’t even accept me. Please bury me next to my mother. News of the Central Committee of the CPSU. 10, C Suicide letter from A. A. Fadeev to the Central Committee of the CPSU. May 13, 1956

A.A. Fadeev ( real name Bulyga) was born on December 24, 1901 in the village of Kimry, Korchevsky district, Tver province. The son of a teacher, a professional revolutionary. In 1908, his family moved to the South Ussuri region, where Fadeev spent his childhood and youth. From 1912 to 1918, Fadeev studied at the Vladivostok Commercial School, but did not finish his studies, deciding to devote himself to revolutionary activities. In 1918 Fadeev joined the RCP(b).

The second wife of the writer was the Moscow Art Theater actress Angelina Stepanova. They met in Paris in 1937. A year after they met, they got married. A few years after the wedding, a child appeared in the family - son Mikhail. The second wife of the writer was the Moscow Art Theater actress Angelina Stepanova. They met in Paris in 1937. A year after they met, they got married. A few years after the wedding, a child appeared in the family - son Mikhail. Fadeev and Stepanova lived together for twenty years, with numerous betrayals of the writer, infatuation with Elena Sergeevna Bulgakova, even the birth illegitimate daughter Masha from the poetess Margarita Aliger could not destroy their union.

During the civil war, Fadeev took an active part in the hostilities in the Far East, was wounded. In 1921 he was elected a delegate to the Tenth Congress of the RCP (b). Participating in the storming of Kronstadt, he was wounded a second time. During the civil war, Fadeev took an active part in the hostilities in the Far East, was wounded. In 1921 he was elected a delegate to the Tenth Congress of the RCP (b). Participating in the storming of Kronstadt, he was wounded a second time. During the Great Patriotic War, Fadeev worked as a publicist. In the autumn of 1943, the writer traveled to the city of Krasnodon. The material collected there formed the basis of the novel The Young Guard.

In 1946 - 1954, Fadeev was elected chairman of the board of the Writers' Union. By order of Stalin, Fadeev expelled Anna Akhmatova and Mikhail Zoshchenko from this organization. Participates in repression and persecution of other writers, writes denunciations. Around the same time, he begins to drink, gradually turning into an alcoholic. Able deep depression committed suicide, leaving a suicide letter addressed to the Central Committee of the CPSU. In 1946 - 1954, Fadeev was elected chairman of the board of the Writers' Union. By order of Stalin, Fadeev expelled Anna Akhmatova and Mikhail Zoshchenko from this organization. Participates in repression and persecution of other writers, writes denunciations. Around the same time, he begins to drink, gradually turning into an alcoholic. In a state of deep depression, he committed suicide, leaving a suicide letter addressed to the Central Committee of the CPSU. Contrary to his last wish to be buried next to his mother, Fadeev was buried at the Novodevichy cemetery.

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Russian Soviet writer and public figure. Brigadier Commissar (since 1942 colonel). Laureate of the Stalin Prize of the first degree (1946).

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Biography Youth A. A. Fadeev was born on December 11 (24), 1901 in the village of Kimry (now a city in the Tver region). From childhood, he grew up as a gifted child. He was about four years old when he independently mastered the letter - he watched from the side how his sister Tanya was taught, and learned the entire alphabet. From the age of four, he began to read books, striking adults with an indefatigable imagination, writing the most extraordinary stories and fairy tales. His favorite writers since childhood were Jack London, Mine Reid, Fenimore Cooper.

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Revolutionary activities While still studying at the Vladivostok Commercial School, he carried out the instructions of the underground committee of the Bolsheviks. In 1918 he joined the party and took the nickname Bulyga. Became a party agitator. In 1919 he joined the Special Communist Detachment of Red Partisans. In 1919-1921 he took part in the fighting in the Far East, was wounded. Held posts: commissar of the 13th Amur Regiment and commissar of the 8th Amur Rifle Brigade. In 1921-1922. studied at the Moscow Mining Academy.

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Creativity Start literary activity Alexander Fadeev wrote his first serious work - the story "Spill" in 1922-1923. In 1925-1926, while working on the novel Defeat, he decided to become a professional writer. The “rout” brought fame and recognition to the young writer, but after this work he could no longer pay attention to literature alone, becoming a prominent literary leader and public figure.

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Further literary work Action early works- The novels "The Rout" and "The Last of Udege" take place in the Ussuri region. The problematics of "The Defeat" refers to the issues of party leadership, the novel shows the class struggle, the formation of Soviet power. The main characters are red partisans, communists (for example, Levinson). The next novel by Fadeev, The Last of Udege, is also dedicated to the Civil War.

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The "writer's minister," as Fadeev was called, actually led literature in the USSR for nearly two decades. For creativity, he almost did not have time and energy. The last novel "Black Metallurgy" remained unfinished. The writer planned to create a fundamental work of 50-60 author's sheets. As a result, for posthumous publication in Ogonyok, it was possible to collect 8 chapters on 3 printed sheets from drafts.

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Civil position. Last years. Standing at the head of the Union of Writers of the USSR, Alexander Fadeev carried out the decisions of the party and government in relation to his colleagues: M. M. Zoshchenko, A. A. Akhmatova, A. P. Platonov. In 1946, after the historic decree of Zhdanov, which effectively destroyed Zoshchenko and Akhmatova as writers, Fadeev was among those who carried out this sentence. In 1949, Alexander Fadeev became one of the authors of a programmatic editorial in the organ of the Central Committee of the CPSU, the newspaper Pravda, entitled "On an anti-patriotic group theater critics". This article was the start of a campaign known as "The Fight Against Cosmopolitanism".

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But in 1948, he was busy allocating a significant amount from the funds of the USSR Writers' Union for MM Zoshchenko, who was left penniless. Fadeev showed sincere participation in the fate of many writers unloved by the authorities: B. L. Pasternak, N. A. Zabolotsky, L. N. Gumilyov, several times slowly transferred money for the treatment of A. P. Platonov to his wife.