How Evgeny Petrov died. Petrov, brother of Kataev
Russian satirist Evgeny Petrovich Petrov ( real name- Kataev) was born on December 13 (November 30 according to the old style), 1903 (according to some sources - in 1902) in Odessa.
His father, Petr Vasilyevich Kataev, was the son of a priest from the city of Vyatka, a teacher at the diocesan and cadet schools in the city of Odessa. Mother - Evgenia - a Ukrainian from Poltava, who bore the surname Bachey as a girl, died shortly after the birth of her second son. The elder brother is Valentin Kataev, a future writer.
The Kataevs had an extensive family library, But classic literature did not attract Eugene. He read books by Gustave Aimard, Robert Louis Stevenson and others. He dreamed of becoming a detective, he was attracted by adventures.
In 1920, Yevgeny Kataev graduated from the fifth Odessa classical gymnasium. He worked as a correspondent for the Ukrainian Telegraph Agency, then as a criminal investigation inspector in Odessa.
In 1923 he moved to Moscow, where he continued his education and took up journalism.
In 1924, the first feuilletons and stories appeared in the satirical magazine "Red Pepper" under the pseudonym Petrov, also under the name of Gogol's "Foreigner Fedorov". Used a satirist and other pseudonyms. He did not want another writer with the surname Kataev to appear.
Before starting cooperation with Ilya Ilf, Evgeny Petrov published more than fifty humorous and satirical stories in different periodicals and released three independent collections.
In 1926, while working for the Gudok newspaper, Yevgeny Petrov met Ilya Ilf. Their joint work began: they processed materials for the Gudok newspaper, composed themes for drawings and feuilletons in the Smekhach magazine.
In the summer of 1927, Ilf and Petrov made a trip to the Crimea and the Caucasus, visited Odessa. They kept a joint travel diary. Later, some impressions from this trip were included in the novel "The Twelve Chairs", which was published in 1928 in the monthly literary magazine"30 days". The novel was a great success with readers, but was rather coldly received. literary critics. Even before the first publication, censorship severely reduced it. Soon the novel began to be translated into many European languages, and it has been published in many European countries.
Their next novel was The Golden Calf (1931). Initially, it was published in parts in the monthly "30 days".
In September 1931, Ilya Ilf and Yevgeny Petrov were sent to the exercises of the Red Army in the Belarusian military district, based on the materials of the trip, the essay "Difficult Topic" was published in the magazine "30 Days".
Since 1932, Ilf and Petrov began to be published in the Pravda newspaper.
In 1935-1936, the writers made a trip to the United States, which resulted in the book " One Story America" (1937).
In collaboration with Ilya Ilf, novels were written "Unusual stories from the life of the city of Kolokolamsk" (1928-1929), fantasy story"Bright personality" (1928), short stories "1001 days, or New Scheherazade" (1929), etc.
Ilf's death in 1937 interrupted creative collaboration writers.
Petrov did a lot to perpetuate the memory of his friend. In 1939, he published Ilya Ilf's Notebooks, and later decided to write a novel called My Friend Ilf. The novel was not completed, only separate sketches and detailed versions of the plan have been preserved.
Peru Yevgeny Petrov owns a number of screenplays. In collaboration with Ilya Ilf, "The Black Barrack" (1933), "Once in the Summer" (1936) were created, in collaboration with Georgy Moonblit - " Musical history"(1940), "Anton Ivanovich is angry" (1941), etc. Petrov independently wrote scripts for the films "Quiet Ukrainian Night" and "Air Carrier". He worked on the script for the film "Circus", but in the end demanded to shoot his last name from the credits.
In 1941, Petrov became a war correspondent for Pravda and the Soviet Information Bureau. Often and for a long time he was at the front.
On July 2, 1942, Yevgeny Petrov died while returning by plane from the besieged Sevastopol to Moscow. The writer was buried in Rostov region in the village of Mankovo-Kalitvenskaya.
Many films based on the works of Ilf and Petrov were staged: The Golden Calf (1968), The Twelve Chairs (1971), Ilf and Petrov Ride in a Tram (1972) and others. Based on the play by Evgeny Petrov The Island of the World (published in 1947) filmed the cartoon "Mr. Walk" (1950).
Evgeny Petrov was awarded the Order of Lenin and a medal.
The writer's wife was Valentina Grunzaid. Their children: Pyotr Kataev (1930-1986) - a famous cameraman who shot almost all the films of Tatyana Lioznova; Ilya Kataev (1939-2009) - composer, author of a number of popular songs and music for films.
The material was prepared on the basis of information from open sources
Few people know that the writer Yevgeny Petrov, the one who, together with Ilya Ilf, wrote The Twelve Chairs and The Golden Calf, had a very strange and rare hobby: throughout his life he collected envelopes from his own letters.
And he did it like this - he wrote a letter to some country at a fictitious address, a fictitious addressee, and after a while he received a letter back with a bunch of different foreign stamps and the indication "Address not found" or something like that. But this interesting hobby once turned out to be just mystical...
In April 1939, Evgeny Petrov decided to disturb the New Zealand post office. According to his scheme, he came up with a city called "Hydebirdville" and the street "Rightbeach", the house "7" and the addressee "Merrill Augene Weisley".
In the letter he wrote in English: “Dear Merrill! Please accept our sincere condolences on the passing of Uncle Pete. Brace yourself, old man. Forgive me for not writing for a long time. I hope Ingrid is all right. Kiss my daughter for me. She's probably quite big. Your Eugene.
More than two months have passed since the letter was sent, but the letter with the appropriate mark has not been returned. The writer decided that it was lost and began to forget about it. But then August came, and the letter arrived. To the great surprise of the writer, it was a reply letter.
At first, Petrov decided that someone had played a joke on him in his own spirit. But when he read the return address, he was in no mood for jokes. On the envelope was written: "New Zealand, Hydebirdville, Wrightbeach, 7, Merrill Augene Weisley." And all this was confirmed by a blue postmark “New Zealand, Hydebirdville Post”!
The text of the letter read: “Dear Eugene! Thank you for your condolences. The ridiculous death of Uncle Pete, unsettled us for six months. I hope you will forgive the delay in writing. Ingrid and I often think back to those two days you were with us. Gloria is very big and will go to the 2nd grade in the fall. She still keeps the bear you brought her from Russia.”
Petrov never went to New Zealand, and therefore he was all the more amazed to see a man in a photograph of a strong build who was hugging himself, Petrov! On reverse side The caption on the photo read: “October 9, 1938.”
Here the writer almost became ill - after all, it was on that day that he was admitted to the hospital in an unconscious state with severe pneumonia. Then, for several days, doctors fought for his life, not hiding from his relatives that he had almost no chance of surviving.
To deal with these misunderstandings, or mysticism, Petrov wrote another letter to New Zealand, but he did not wait for an answer: the second World War. E. Petrov from the first days of the war became a war correspondent for Pravda and the Information Bureau. Colleagues did not recognize him - he became withdrawn, thoughtful, and stopped joking altogether.
The end of this story is not funny at all.
In 1942, Yevgeny Petrov flew by plane from Sevastopol to the capital, and this plane was shot down by the Germans in the Rostov region. Mysticism - but on the same day when it became known about the death of the plane, a letter from New Zealand arrived at the writer's home.
In this letter, Meryl Weasley admired the Soviet soldiers and worried about Petrov's life. Among other things, the letter contained the following lines:
“Do you remember, Eugene, I got scared when you started swimming in the lake. The water was very cold. But you said you were destined to crash your plane, not drown. I ask you to be careful - fly as little as possible.
Based on this story, the film "The Envelope" with Kevin Spacey in the title role was recently shot.
Evgeny Petrovich Kataev, aka Evgeny Petrov
In Odessa, the Kataevs lived on Kanatnaya Street, and by 1920 Evgeny graduated from the 5th Odessa classical gymnasium. During his studies, his classmate was Alexander Kozachinsky, a nobleman by his father, who later wrote the adventure story "The Green Van", the prototype of the protagonist of which - the head of the Odessa district police department Volodya Patrikeev - was Yevgeny Petrov. Sasha and Zhenya were friends and fate brought two friends together in life in a bizarre way.
A. Kozachinsky, a man of adventurous warehouse and great charm, from the age of 19, having abandoned detective work in the Bolshevik criminal investigation department, led a gang of raiders operating in Odessa and its environs. Ironically, in 1922, it was Yevgeny Kataev, then an employee of the Odessa Criminal Investigation Department, who arrested him. Kozachinsky, after a chase with a shootout, hid in the attic of one of the houses, where he was discovered by a classmate. Subsequently, Yevgeny achieved a review of the criminal case and the replacement of A. Kozachinsky with an exceptional measure of punishment, execution, with imprisonment in a camp. Moreover, in the fall of 1925, Kozachinsky was amnestied. At the exit from the prison he was met by his mother and true friend, Evgeny Kataev. Vadim Lebedev, a journalist from the Sovershenno Sekretno publication, concludes his essay The Green Van with surprising facts that emphasize the inexplicable, supernatural connection that existed between these people: “1941 separated them. Petrov goes to the front as a war correspondent. Kozachinsky is sent for evacuation to Siberia for health reasons. In the autumn of 1942, having received news of the death of a friend, Kozachinsky fell ill, and a few months later, on January 9, 1943, a modest obituary appeared in the newspaper Sovetskaya Sibir: "He died Soviet writer Alexander Kozachinsky”. In 1938, E. Petrov persuaded Kozachinsky, with whom they once read Mine Reed in childhood, to write the adventure story "The Green Van"
From the “Double Biographies” written jointly with Ilya Ilf, we learn that E. Petrov “... graduated from a classical gymnasium in 1920. In the same year he became a correspondent for the Ukrainian Telegraph Agency. After that, he served as an inspector of the criminal investigation department for three years. " literary work"There was a protocol for examining the corpse of an unknown man. In 1923, Petrov arrived in Moscow, where he continued his education, and also became an employee of the Red Pepper magazine. His older brother, writer Valentin Kataev (1897-1986), had a significant influence on Yevgeny. Wife Kataeva recalled: "I have never seen such affection between the brothers as Valya and Zhenya have. Actually, Valya forced his brother to write. Every morning he started by calling him - Zhenya got up late, began to swear that he was woken up ... "Okay, swear further, ”Valya said and hung up the phone.”
The literary community of Ilf and Petrov lasted only ten years. Since 1927, they have written numerous feuilletons, the novels "The Twelve Chairs", "The Golden Calf", the story "The Bright Personality", a cycle of short stories about the city of Kolokolamsk and the tales of the New Scheherazade. Essays on a stay in the United States in 1935 made up the book One-Storied America. American impressions gave Ilf and Petrov material for another work - big story"Tonya".
Ilf and Petrov wrote enthusiastically, after the end of the working day in the editorial office, they returned home at two in the morning. The novel "The Twelve Chairs" was published in 1928 - first in a magazine, and then as a separate book. And immediately became extremely popular. The story about the adventures of the charming adventurer and swindler Ostap Bender and his companion, the former marshal of the nobility, Kisa Vorobyaninov, captivated with brilliant dialogues, vivid characters, and a subtle satire on Soviet reality and the philistine. Laughter was the authors' weapon against vulgarity, stupidity and idiotic pathos. The book quickly sold out into quotes:
- “All smuggling is done in Odessa, on Malaya Arnautskaya Street”,
- "Dusya, I am a man tormented by Narzan",
- "A sultry woman is a poet's dream",
- "Trading here is inappropriate",
- "Money in the morning - chairs in the evening"
- "To whom the mare is the bride",
- "Quickly only cats will be born",
- "Giant of thought, father of Russian democracy"
Odessa, a monument to Ilf and Petrov opened in the Sculpture Garden of the Literary Museum.
It turned out to be impossible to finish what he started with Ilf alone, although shortly before Ilf's death, the co-authors had already tried to work separately - on "One-Story America". But then, working in different parts of Moscow and even not seeing each other every day, the writers continued to live in common creative life. Each thought was the fruit of mutual disputes and discussions, each image, each replica had to pass the judgment of a comrade. With the death of Ilf, the writer "Ilf and Petrov" died.
E. Petrov in the book "My friend Ilf". I wanted to talk about the time and about myself. About myself - in this case it would mean: about Ilf and about himself. His intentions went far beyond the personal. Here, anew, in different features and with the involvement of other material, the era already captured in their joint works was to be reflected. Reflections on literature, on the laws of creativity, on humor and satire. From the articles that he published under the title "From the Memoirs of Ilf", as well as from the plans and sketches found in his archive, it is clear that the book would have been generously saturated with humor. The factual material, which abounds in this work that has just begun, is extremely rich.
As a correspondent for Pravda, E. Petrov had to travel a lot around the country. In 1937 he was on Far East. Impressions from this trip were reflected in the essays "Young Patriots", "Old Paramedic". At this time, Petrov also writes literary critical articles, and is also engaged in a lot of organizational work. He was deputy editor of the Literaturnaya Gazeta, in 1940 he became the editor of the Ogonyok magazine and brought genuine creative passion into his editorial work.
In 1940-1941. E. Petrov turns to the genre of film comedy. He wrote five scripts: "Air Carrier", "Quiet Ukrainian Night", "Restless Man", "Musical History" and "Anton Ivanovich Gets Angry" - the last three co-authored with G. Moonblit.
"Musical History", "Anton Ivanovich Gets Angry" and "Air Carrier" were filmed.
From the first days of the Great Patriotic War E. Petrov became a correspondent for the Soviet Information Bureau. His front-line essays appeared in Pravda, Izvestia, Ogonyok, and Krasnaya Zvezda. He sent telegraphic correspondence to the USA. Knowing America well, able to speak with ordinary Americans, he did a lot during the war years to convey to the American people the truth about the heroic deed. Soviet people.
In the autumn of 1941, these were essays about the defenders of Moscow. E. Petrov was at the front line, appeared in the liberated villages, when the ashes were still smoking there, talked with the prisoners.
When the Nazis were driven away from Moscow, E. Petrov went to the Karelian front. In his correspondence, he spoke about the heroism and courage of the defenders Soviet Arctic.
E. Petrov obtained permission to go to the besieged Sevastopol with difficulty. The city was blocked from the air and from the sea. But our ships went there and planes flew, delivering ammunition, taking out the wounded and residents. The leader of the destroyers "Tashkent" (he was called the "blue cruiser"), on which E. Petrov was located, successfully reached the goal when a German bomb hit him on the way back. And all the time, while the ships that came to the rescue were filming the wounded, children and women, "Tashkent" was under fire.
1942, E. Petrov on the leader "Tashkent" broke into the besieged Sevastopol. From left to right - E. Petrov and the commander of "Tashkent" V. N. Eroshenko
Petrov refused to leave the ship. He remained with the crew until arriving at the port, being on deck all the time and helping to fight for the preservation of the ship. “When on the day of departure I entered in the morning on the veranda on which Petrov was sleeping,” said Admiral I.S. Isakov, “the whole veranda and all the furniture on it were covered with written sheets of paper. Each was gently pressed down with a pebble. , along with his field bag, fell into the water during the battle." Here was his last, unfinished essay "Breakthrough of the Blockade".
Returning from the front, on July 2, 1942, the plane on which front-line journalist E. Petrov was returning to Moscow from Sevastopol was shot down by a German fighter over the territory of the Rostov region, near the village of Mankovo. He was not even 40 years old.
In memory of Evgeny Petrov, Konstantin Simonov dedicated the poem "It's not true, a friend does not die ..."
Evgeny Petrov was awarded the Order of Lenin and a medal. In Odessa, where they were born and started creative way satirical writers, there is Ilf and Petrov street.
The writer E. Petrov grew up two wonderful sons. We know the cameraman Petr Kataev (1930-1986), who made the main films of T. Lioznova. These are the well-known to us “Seventeen Moments of Spring”, “Three Poplars on Plyushchikha”, “We, the Undersigned”, “Carnival”. TV series Day by Day. I. Kataev is the author of music for S. Gerasimov's films "By the Lake" and "To Love a Man".
Felix KAMENETSKY.
Evgeny Petrov (pseudonym of Evgeny Petrovich Kataev). Born on November 30 (December 13), 1902 in Odessa - died on July 2, 1942 in the Rostov region. Russian Soviet writer, journalist, screenwriter. Co-author of Ilya Ilf. Chief editor of the Ogonyok magazine since 1938.
Evgeny Petrovich Petrov (real name Kataev) was born on November 30 (December 13), 1902 in Odessa in the family of a history teacher. The younger brother of the writer Valentin Kataev.
In Odessa, the Kataevs lived on Kanatnaya Street.
In 1920, Evgeny graduated from the 5th Odessa classical gymnasium, where his classmate and best friend there was Alexander Kozachinsky (the boys even took an oath of fraternal fidelity: they cut their fingers with a piece of glass and mixed the blood). Subsequently, Kozachinsky wrote the adventure story "The Green Van", the prototype of the protagonist of which - Volodya Patrikeev - was Yevgeny Petrov.
For some time, Yevgeny Petrov worked as a correspondent for the Ukrainian Telegraph Agency.
During three years served as an inspector of the Odessa Criminal Investigation Department (in " Double autobiography» Ilf and Petrov (1929) it is said about this period of his life: “His first literary work was the protocol of examination of the corpse of an unknown man”).
In 1922, during a chase with a shootout, he personally detained his friend Alexander Kozachinsky, who led a gang of raiders. Subsequently, he achieved a review of his criminal case and the replacement of A. Kozachinsky with "the highest measure of social protection" (execution) by imprisonment in a camp. This story later formed the basis of the already mentioned story by Kozachinsky "The Green Van", on which films of the same name were made in 1959 and 1983.
In 1923, Petrov came to Moscow, where he became an employee of the Krasny Pepper magazine.
In 1926, he came to work for the Gudok newspaper, where he arranged A. Kozachinsky, who had been released by that time under an amnesty, as a journalist.
Evgeny Petrov was greatly influenced by his brother Valentin Kataev. Valentina Kataeva's wife recalled: "I have never seen such affection between the brothers as Valya and Zhenya have. Actually, Valya forced his brother to write. Every morning he started by calling him - Zhenya got up late, began to swear that he had been woken up ... “Okay, continue cursing,” said Valya and hung up.
In 1927, joint work on the novel "The Twelve Chairs" began the creative community of Yevgeny Petrov and (who also worked in the newspaper "Gudok"). Subsequently, in collaboration with Ilya Ilf, the novels The Twelve Chairs (1928) and The Golden Calf (1931), the fantastic story The Bright Personality (filmed), the short stories Unusual Stories from the Life of the City of Kolokolamsk (1928) and A Thousand and one day, or the New Scheherazade" (1929), the story "One-storied America" (1937).
In 1932-1937, Ilf and Petrov wrote feuilletons for the Pravda and Literaturnaya Gazeta newspapers and the Krokodil magazine.
In 1935-1936 they made a trip to the United States, which resulted in the book One-Story America (1937). The books of Ilf and Petrov were repeatedly staged and filmed.
In 1938 he persuaded his friend A. Kozachinsky to write the story "The Green Van".
Petrov made a lot of efforts to publish Ilf's notebooks, he conceived a large work "My friend Ilf".
In 1939-1942, Petrov worked on the novel Journey to the Land of Communism, in which he described the USSR in 1963 (excerpts were published posthumously in 1965).
During the Great Patriotic War, Petrov became a front-line correspondent. He died on July 2, 1942 - the plane on which he was returning to Moscow from Novorossiysk was shot down by a German fighter over the territory of the Rostov region, near the village of Mankovo.
A monument has been erected at the site of the plane crash.
Yevgeny Petrov was married to Valentina Leontievna Grunzaid, from the Russified Germans.
Sons - cameraman Pyotr Kataev and composer Ilya Kataev.
Bibliography of Evgeny Petrov:
Joys of Megas, 1926
No report, 1927
At war, 1942
Front diary, 1942
Air carrier. Screenplays, 1943
Island of the world. Play, 1947
Unfinished novel "Journey to the Land of Communism".
Screenplays by Evgeny Petrov:
Sound film script (together with Ilya Ilf), 1933, was not staged
Circus (together with Ilya Ilf and Valentin Kataev, uncredited), staged in 1936 by G. Alexandrov
Musical History (together with Georgy Moonblit), staged in 1940 by A. Ivanovsky and G. Rappaport
Anton Ivanovich gets angry (together with Georgy Moonblit), staged in 1941 by A. Ivanovsky
Air cab, delivered in 1943 by G. Rappaport.
Petrov Evgeny (real name and surname Evgeny Petrovich Kataev) (1903-1942), writer, journalist.
Born December 13, 1903 in Odessa in the family of a history teacher. In 1919 he graduated from the classical gymnasium. He worked as a correspondent for the Ukrainian Telegraph Agency.
In June 1921 he entered the Odessa Criminal Investigation Department. For the successful fight against the bandits, he was awarded a watch. Work in the police turned out to be just an episode in the biography of Yevgeny Petrov.
In 1923 he moved to Moscow and became a journalist. He worked as an editor-in-chief in the Red Pepper magazine, collaborated in the Gudok newspaper. In the capital, he met Ilya Ilf. Together they wrote the novels The Twelve Chairs (1928) and The Golden Calf (1931).
These works have become a kind of encyclopedia Soviet society late 30s - early 40s. More than one generation of readers reveled in the adventures of the resilient Ostap Bender. Work in the Odessa police brought Yevgeny Petrov invaluable benefits in creating the image of the "great schemer".
Ilf and Petrov also jointly created the story “A Bright Personality” (1928), “Unusual Stories from the Life of the City of Kolokolamsk” and “1001 Days, or New Scheherazade” (both 1929).
In 1940-1941. the writer headed the Ogonyok magazine. During the Great Patriotic War, he served as a war correspondent for the Soviet Information Bureau. He was awarded the Order of Lenin.
In May 1942, on the destroyer Tashkent, Petrov arrived in the besieged Sevastopol. The plane on which the writer was returning to Moscow crashed on July 2, 1942.
For a long time, the works of Ilf and Petrov were not reprinted. Only in 1961 was a five-volume collection of their works published. During the 60-70s. the novels of the co-authors have been reprinted more than 20 times.
