What features of Sophia are revealed in these phenomena. Fonvizin, "Undergrowth": analysis of the work, characterization of the characters

Sofia - central actor play, around which the main events of the play are twisted: an unexpected inheritance, the appearance of the girl's uncle, the kidnapping plan and the three suitors fighting each other.

The heroine is well educated, she is left without parents early and ends up in the house of the Prostakovs, who are trying to take over her small inheritance. Knowing that Sophia has a fiancé Milon, Prostakova is trying to marry her off to her brother Skotinin in order to finally seize the girl's fortune.

When the landowner finds out that Sofya is a rich heiress, she decides to marry her to Mitrofan. Previously, without ceremony in dealing with an orphan, now Prostakova is amiable and courteous. Realizing that her plans are not destined to come true, the landowner plots the kidnapping of the heroine and a forced marriage. However, Starodum, Milon and Pravdin manage to prevent this deceit.

The moral values ​​of the heroine

Sophia in Greek means wisdom. The girl has the wisdom of the mind and the sensitivity of the heart. At the end of the play, she forgives Prostakov and rushes to her aid herself.

Despite the attacks of Prostakova and Skotinin, Sophia remains faithful to her fiancé. At the same time, she is ready to obey the will of her uncle when he says that he has in mind a suitable party for her. The fact is that she infinitely trusts her uncle, asks for his advice and rules to follow.

Sophia talks a lot about life values. For her, conscience and heart are inextricably linked - the calmness of one directly depends on the contentment of the other, and for this it is necessary to strictly observe the rules of virtue. She wants to receive respect from those whom she respects, seeks to prevent bad thoughts about herself. Also important to her is the concept of earning one's fortune honestly and the conviction that being born in noble family does not make a person noble.

The author's ideal of a woman

In the image of Sophia, modest and well-mannered, D.I. Fonvizin outlined his feminine ideal. Basic principle family life for her, Starodum’s words-instructions become that the head of the family should be a husband who obeys reason, and the wife is obliged to obey him in everything. Only then will the family be strong and happy.

The image of Sophia Fonvizin seeks to make alive and mobile. This is reflected in the refined language of the heroine, she is no stranger to jokes and even manipulation of people - she can easily make her lover jealous.

Sofia and other heroes

Sophia, brought up by Starodum, is directly opposed to Mitrofanushka, who was greatly influenced by Prostakova. Sophia's mind is inversely proportional to the stupidity of the undergrowth. The girl relies on her uncle in everything, is grateful to him for the advice that he shared with her, and Mitrofan renounces her mother at the most difficult moment of her life. The heroine is kind, appreciates the honesty and decency of others, and Mitrofan is cruel, only strength and wealth attract his attention.

Sophia is also opposed to Prostakova. The landowner believes that a woman should not learn to read and write, that marriage for her is only a means to achieve a goal and her own well-being. She does not put her husband in anything, she even beats him. And for Sophia, marriage is a union of loving hearts, based on respect and mutual understanding.

One of central characters Griboedov's comedy "Woe from Wit" is the image of Sophia. The author himself characterized his heroine as follows: "the girl herself is not stupid." And the author gave the corresponding name to his heroine - Sofia, which means "wisdom". But the reader still feels the ambiguous attitude of the author to the heroine. And so our perception of Sophia is also ambiguous. "Who will guess you?" - to this question, asked by Chatsky, we must find the answer.

Chatsky loves Sophia, she is not like other Moscow young ladies. And the heroine of Chatsky loved, the young man left a significant mark on her soul, until now he is not indifferent to her.

But Sophia also has a “special imprint”, like all Moscow ones. She received the upbringing and education that society demanded. She developed a certain ideal of family life - Moscow. True, the formation of this ideal was also influenced by French novels about extraordinary love. For a long time Chatsky was not next to Sophia (he "did not write two words for three years"). But there was Molchalin, quite, from the point of view of the heroine, suitable for the role of a sweet, timid, timid lover.
The girl came up with a similar image for herself and "imposed it" on Molchalin. She did not like Molchalin as he really was, but Molchalin as she imagined him. I.A. Goncharov noted that this heroine "is not immoral: she sins with the sin of ignorance, blindness." Sophia is resolute, she is ready to fight for her happiness, which is why she invents her dream. The heroine is waiting for an opportunity to prepare her father for the thought of her marriage to Molchalin. What does her dream story remind us of? It feels the features of a ballad, so popular in the era of Griboedov: separation from a loved one, confrontation of the world, fantastic monsters ... “Everything is there, if there is no deception,” Famusov reacts to this dream.

Sophia is smart enough not to anger her father, she is cunning, deceiving, without feeling any remorse. She is sharp on the tongue, caustic.

I.A. Goncharov gave Sofya the following description: “This is a mixture of good instincts with lies, a lively mind with no hint of ideas and beliefs, confusion of concepts, mental and moral blindness - all this does not have the character of personal vices in her, but is, as common features her circle. In her own, personal physiognomy, something of her own is hiding in the shadows, hot, tender, even dreamy. The rest belongs to education.

The image of Sophia plays a very significant role in the comedy. It is connected with the beginning of the conflict of love, as well as the beginning of the conflict between the individual and society, which occurs in the episode of the conversation between Chatsky and Famusov about matchmaking, which turned into a conversation about the service.
The climaxes of these two conflicts coincide, and the point of coincidence is Sophia, who said in anger for Molchalin - "He's out of his mind." The heroine deliberately confirms Chatsky's madness:

Ah, Chatsky! You love to dress up everyone in jesters,
Would you like to try on yourself?

And the denouement is connected with Sophia. The girl sends Liza for Molchalin, hears, like Chatsky, their conversation. The appearance of Famusov brings both conflicts to their logical conclusion.

Sophia is the only one of the leading characters in the play whose actions are absolutely independent and do not depend on anyone else. Molchalin takes on the role of a lover and resignedly plays it. Famusov is in a state of some not yet quite definite suspicions in relation to Molchalin, and then to Chatsky, since Sophia put him in these conditions. Chatsky is stunned by the cold meeting and, due to his deepening love drama inadequately responds to any appeals to him from the characters of the play. Gossip about Chatsky's madness is also spreading among Famusov's guests at the suggestion of Sophia. Sophia here acts as a puppeteer, in whose hands the strings that actuate the puppets.

Speaking of Sophia, Goncharov wrote: “She, of course, is harder than everyone else, even harder than Chatsky, and she gets her “million torments”.”

The drama of Sophia is that she fell in love with the unworthy. The appearance of Chatsky confuses all the cards for her, but becomes a catalyst for the development of her relationship with Molchalin. Sofya is angry with Chatsky, because in her soul there is a vague feeling of Molchalin's incomplete correspondence to her ideal. But feminine pride spoke in her: they dared to condemn the object of her love. In addition, Sophia internally understands that Chatsky is right. This makes her especially sad. Why did her relationship with Chatsky worsen? Because of love. All others have it public conflict, and she has a love one.

Why does Griboyedov say that Sophia had the hardest time of all? Yes, because her idyll collapsed romantic love Molchalin. But something else is also significant: the heroine is humiliated not only by the realization that she does not attract Molchalin at all. It is terrible that this happened in front of Chatsky.

Meanwhile, Sophia behaves very dignified and courageous. She finds the strength to admit that Molchalin is a scoundrel, and admits she was wrong:

Don't go on, I blame myself all around.
But who would have thought that he could be so insidious!

Sophia attracts us with her naturalness and simplicity, free from prejudice. She is endowed with a mind and a strong character, dreaminess and ardor. At the same time, she is a child of the Famus society, and therefore unconsciously acts and lives according to the same laws. That is why the girl was able to slander Chatsky.
Unfortunately, Sophia cannot marry a hero other than Molchalin. She needs a husband-boy, because she subconsciously strives for power. In a blind feeling of love, Sophia did not see that Molchalin needed her in order to use her influence.

Sophia is amazing female image in Russian literature. In the gallery of Russians female characters she occupies a worthy place as an image strong man and a courageous, albeit naive girl.

Famusova Sofya Pavlovna - the main character of the comedy "Woe from Wit" (1824) by A. S. Griboyedov. Sofya is a young girl of seventeen years old, Famusov's daughter. This is a complex and refined nature, endowed with a sharp mind and excellent quick wit. After the death of her mother, Sophia was brought up by the old Frenchwoman Rosier, and her best friend childhood was Chatsky. In relation to him, Sophia also experienced a feeling of first love, but during the absence of Chatsky (3 years), the girl changed a lot, and her feelings also became different.

The formation of Sophia's character was influenced by Moscow customs and habits, as well as the books of sentimentalist writers, in particular, the works of Karamzin.

As a result, the girl imagined herself the main character of a "sensitive" novel and began to act according to the chosen role. She rejects the bold and caustic Chatsky, the stupid and rich Skalozub, and assigns Molchalin to the role of her platonic admirer.

Sophia does not have the opportunity to develop spiritually in her father's house. She began to play, imagining herself the heroine of the novel. The girl began to invent dreams reminiscent of Zhukovsky's ballads, imitate fainting, etc. She came up with the image of a romantic lover, a devoted, timid, but poor person, and endowed Molchalin with these features, not noticing how cruelly she was deceived. Chatsky is also interesting in her own way to Sophia, she is haunted by memories of the touching childhood feeling that she felt towards him, but now she has become different, and she is annoyed by his sarcasm and biliousness. In addition, the girl is afraid of exposing her romantic "ideal" in the image of Molchalin, so Chatsky's stay in the Famusovs' house becomes extremely undesirable for her. At this moment, Sophia's "Moscow" upbringing manifests itself and the true nature is revealed. secular young lady. It is Sophia who spreads the rumor about Chatsky's madness during the ball. At the end of the comedy, the girl is severely punished for her slander: she learns about the betrayal of Molchalin, who brazenly flirts with Lisa and at the same time openly says that Sophia is interested in him only for selfish reasons. Having learned about Sophia's affair with his secretary, Famusov sends his daughter "to the village", "to the wilderness", namely, to her aunt in Saratov.

In the form of Sophia miraculously such different properties as femininity and authority, stubbornness and emotionality, vulnerability and vitality are combined. Her feelings for Molchalin were truly sincere, she defended and protected her ideal from exposure with all her might. Therefore, at the end of the work, she, like Chatsky, tragically experienced the drama of deceit, betrayal and disappointment.

Denis Ivanovich Fonvizin wrote back in 1782. However, it remains relevant even today. The problems of upbringing touched upon in the play still have their manifestations today. The writer uses vivid techniques of satire. So, for example, the heroes have names and surnames that correspond to their real essence: Skotinin, Pravdin, Starodum and others.

The main female image is Sophia, whose name means "wisdom". The girl is the niece of Starodum. He also becomes her guardian when Sophia loses her parents. At the time of departure from the city of Starodum, the Prostakovs “take the girl under their wing”. However, they do this not out of good intentions, but in order to rob Sophia. But their plans, although criminal, are too obvious and simple. The girl looks at this family with irony. After all, she, unlike the Prostakovs, has a good education. Sophia is smart, mocking, but at the same time kind and honest. Her wisdom is not only in the mind, but also in the soul.

After some time, Sophia receives a letter from Starodum, who says that he makes her his heiress. Prostakova is now obsessed with the idea of ​​marrying a girl to her son, an undergrowth. main character respects elders, believes that they should be treated with humility. But when it comes to her feelings, here Sofia is sure that she has the right to defend her right to love and friendship. And therefore does not want to marry either Mitrofan or Skotinin, who also dreams of taking over her estate.

Sofia is in love with Milon, whom she considers worthy man. When he stops at their settlement, the girl talks about Prostakova's attempts to marry her off to another. The young man is jealous, but when he sees what Mitrofan is, he mocks him.

When she returns, Sophia finds herself in a predicament again. After all, he dreams of marrying her to some worthy person in his opinion. The girl gains courage and honestly admits that she has long been in love with Milon. The uncle, in the end, approves of the niece's choice.

He just doesn’t give up and tries to interfere with Sophia’s happiness and still marry her to her son. Her plan fails, the lovers join forces and win the battle for love. Prostakova may be punished for malice, but Sofia forgives her because she is happy.

The main character is an idealized positive character in a comedy, where there are too many ironically written characters. She is a bright soul who attracts other positive characters, such as Starodum. The girl believes that people should receive honor and fortune for their merits, and not with the help of deceit. The heroine is the image of a woman who is endowed not only with sensuality, but also with the ability to think rationally, to fight for her happiness and freedom.

Comedy "Undergrowth" is a "human" comedy, created from a gallery of vivid images that represent different sections of society. The problem of education is central in the work, and other problems come from it.

In comedy A.S. Griboyedov "Woe from Wit" presents the customs of the Moscow nobles of the early 19th century. The author shows the clash of the conservative views of the feudal landowners with the progressive views younger generation nobles who began to appear in society. This clash is presented in the form of a struggle between two camps: the “past century”, which protects its mercantile interests and personal comfort, and the “present century”, striving to improve the structure of society through the manifestation of true citizenship. However, there are characters in the play who cannot be unambiguously attributed to any of the opposing sides. This is the image of Sophia in the comedy "Woe from Wit".

Sophia's opposition to the Famus society

Sofya Famusova is one of the most complex characters in the work of A.S. Griboyedov. The characterization of Sophia in the comedy "Woe from Wit" is contradictory, because on the one hand, she only person, close in spirit to Chatsky, the main character of the comedy. On the other hand, it is Sophia who turns out to be the cause of Chatsky's suffering and his expulsion from Famus society.

The protagonist of the comedy is not without reason in love with this girl. Now let Sophia call their youthful love childish, nevertheless, she once attracted Chatsky with her natural mind, strong character, and independence from other people's opinions. And he was nice to her for the same reasons.

From the first pages of the comedy, we learn that Sophia received a good education, loves to spend time reading books, which causes the anger of her father. After all, he believes that “in reading, the use is not great,” and “learning is the plague.” And this is the first discrepancy in the comedy "Woe from Wit" of the image of Sophia with the images of the nobles of the "past century".
Sophia's passion for Molchalin is also natural. She, as a fan of French novels, saw in the modesty and reticence of this man the features romantic hero. Sophia does not suspect that she has become a victim of deceit by a two-faced person who is next to her only for personal gain.

In her relationship with Molchalin, Sofya Famusova shows such character traits that none of the representatives of the "past century", including her father, would ever dare to show. If Molchalin is mortally afraid to make public this connection to society, since “evil tongues are worse than a gun,” then Sophia is not afraid of the opinion of the world. She follows the dictates of her heart: “What is the rumor to me? Whoever wants, so judges. This position makes her related to Chatsky.

Features that bring Sophia closer to the Famus society

However, Sophia is the daughter of her father. She was brought up in a society where only rank and money are valued. The atmosphere in which she grew up certainly had an impact on her.
Sophia in the comedy "Woe from Wit" made a choice in favor of Molchalin not only because of what she saw in him positive traits. The point is that in Famus society women rule not only in the world, but also in the family. It is worth remembering a couple of Goriches at a ball in Famusov's house. Platon Mikhailovich, whom Chatsky knew as an active, active military man, under the influence of his wife, turned into a weak-willed creature. Natalya Dmitrievna decides everything for him, gives answers for him, disposing of him like a thing.

It is obvious that Sophia, wanting to dominate her husband, chose Molchalin as her future husband. This hero corresponds to the ideal of a husband in the society of the Moscow nobles: "A husband-boy, a husband-servant, from the wife's pages - the high ideal of all Moscow men."

The tragedy of Sofia Famusova

In the comedy Woe from Wit, Sophia is the most tragic character. More suffering falls to her lot than even Chatsky's.

Firstly, Sophia, possessing by nature determination, courage, intelligence, is forced to be a hostage to the society in which she was born. The heroine cannot afford to surrender to feelings, regardless of the opinions of others. She was brought up among the conservative nobility and will live according to the laws dictated by them.

Secondly, the appearance of Chatsky threatens her personal happiness with Molchalin. After the arrival of Chatsky, the heroine is in constant tension and is forced to defend her lover from the caustic attacks of the protagonist. It is the desire to save your love, to protect Molchalin from ridicule, that pushes Sophia to spread gossip about Chatsky's madness: “Ah, Chatsky! Do you like to dress everyone up as jesters, would you like to try on yourself? However, Sophia turned out to be capable of such an act only because of the strong influence of the society in which she lives and with which she gradually merges.

Thirdly, in the comedy there is a cruel destruction of the image of Molchalin that has developed in Sophia's head when she hears his conversation with the maid Liza. Her main tragedy lies in the fact that she fell in love with a scoundrel who played the role of her lover only because it could be beneficial for him to receive the next rank or award. In addition, the exposure of Molchalin takes place in the presence of Chatsky, which hurts Sophia as a woman even more.

conclusions

Thus, the characterization of Sophia in the comedy "Woe from Wit" shows that this girl is in many ways opposed to her father and everything noble society. She is not afraid to stand against the light, protecting her love.

However, this same love makes Sophia defend herself from Chatsky, with whom she is so close in spirit. It is with the words of Sophia that Chatsky is blackened in society and expelled from it.

If all the other heroes of the play, with the exception of Chatsky, participate only in social conflict, protect their comfort and their usual way of life, then Sophia is forced to fight for her feelings. “She, of course, is harder than everyone else, even harder than Chatsky, and she gets her “million torments”,” wrote I.A. Goncharov about Sophia. Unfortunately, in the finale it turns out that the heroine's struggle for the right to love was in vain, because Molchalin turns out to be an unworthy person.

But even with someone like Chatsky, Sophia would not have found happiness. Most likely, she will choose as her husband a man who corresponds to the ideals of the Moscow nobility. strong character Sophia needs realization, which will become possible with a husband who allows him to command and guide himself.

Sofya Famusova is the most complex and controversial character in Griboyedov's comedy Woe from Wit. The characteristics of Sophia, the disclosure of her image and the description of the role in the comedy will be useful to grade 9 when preparing materials for an essay on the theme of the image of Sophia in the comedy "Woe from Wit"

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