What benefits does the title of "People's Artist of Russia" give? Rank battle. Who and for what gives artists "folk" and "honored" Who is more important than a people's artist or honored

The presence in the announcement of a performance, movie or any other action after the name and surname of the artist of the title "folk" or "deserved" always attracts a lot of viewers to the show. And the point is not even in the loud and proud sound of such titles, but in the fact that artists of this rank always delight the viewer with a selfless game that penetrates deep into the soul of the viewer, acting on him like a drug, forcing him to come to the performances of great artists again and again. People's Artists of Russia and the USSR- figures of the theater, music, cinema, stage and circus, whose talent and dedication were recognized and appreciated at the state level. This title was the highest honorary award artist.

Creativity and politics

As a rule, the artist takes decades of hard work. creative work and to get a less honorable in the hierarchy of awards, but by no means detracting from the breadth of people's love for the artist, the title of "Honored Artist". Honored Artists of Russia and the USSR are representatives of the creative elite who have earned recognition by more than one generation of admirers.

During the existence of the USSR creative career The artist's career consisted of three main steps: obtaining the title of Honored Artist of one (and maybe several) of the fifteen republics. Then the title of Honored Artist of the USSR was awarded, and only after that there was a chance to climb to the highest step of the creative career podium - to receive the title of People's Artist of the USSR.

Unfortunately, the management machine in the Union was built in such a way that an artist who received one of the highest ranks could be thrown down from the podium and sent into a distant exile ( a prime example the fate of the favorite and girlfriend of Marshal of Victory Georgy Zhukov Lidia Ruslanova) from which, often, they did not return can serve. There were cases when the creators were deliberately "clamped" and, under all sorts of pretexts, the leaders withdrew their candidacy from promotion to honorary titles. So, by some inexplicable and absurd accident, the favorite of both adults and kids, the performer of the unforgettable roles of Turtle Tortila and Mrs. Hudson - Rina Zelena was awarded the title of People's Artist of the USSR on the day of her death. On April 1, 1991, a decree was issued conferring the title, and a few hours later the artist died. Yes, Primadonna Soviet stage Alla Pugacheva literally jumped through the closing door, having managed to become a People's Artist of the USSR in 1991. Many, whose popularity beat everything, however, did not exist at that moment, the ratings were completely left without the titles of Honored or People's Artist of the USSR. Those were the actor Andrei Mironov, he was prevented from receiving the title by an early departure from life, and Vladimir Vysotsky, who, in the unanimous opinion of the country's leaders, lacked patriotism.

Now, the times are not the same, and state bodies are unlikely to refuse to receive the title of Honored Artist of Russia, which is awarded by decrees of the President of the Russian Federation, if they were presented with a reasonable petition.

The title of People's Artist of Russia is awarded annually by presidential decree on the eve of Cultural Worker's Day. As a rule, the title of "people's" artist can be obtained no earlier than after 10 years of being in the title of "honored" artist of Russia. For ballet dancers, this period is half as long. For obvious reasons, the age of a ballet dancer is short and titles come to them earlier than theater, circus, stage or cinema artists.

People's Artists of Russia

We present to your attention the list of People's Artists of Russia:

• Alentova Vera Valentinovna (1992)- performer leading role in the cult, Oscar-winning film Moscow Doesn't Believe in Tears.
• Kamburova Elena Antonovna (1995)- an actress and singer, in whose voice many heroes of fairy tales, films for children sang. The musical prelude of the TV magazine "Yeralash" sounds in her performance.
• Leontiev Valery Yakovlevich (1996)- singer, actor, winner of many domestic and foreign music awards.
• Makovetsky Sergey Vasilyevich (1998)- an actor who received an award from the Ukrainian Orthodox Church Moscow Patriarchate - Order of St. Nicholas the Wonderworker.
• Kadysheva Nadezhda Nikitichna (1999)- Performer of folk songs.
• Druzhinina Svetlana Sergeevna (2001)- Actress, director of the popular "Midshipmen, forward!". Her role as the beautiful Anfisa from the ilm "Girls" became calling card movie.
• Zakharova Alexandra Markovna (2001)- The criticism that constantly rained down on her from the lips of the director's father did not break her and allowed her to achieve high recognition.
• Pevtsov Dmitry Vladimirovich (2001)- an actor of theater and cinema, actively participating in musicals, has excellent vocals.
• Tsiskaridze Nikolai Maksimovich (2001) – former soloist ballet Bolshoi Theater. Today is a teacher.
• Liepa Ilse Marisovna (2002) – former prima ballerina Bolshoi Theatre, the successor of the famous ballet family. Now Ilse is actively trying herself as a dramatic actress.
• Shakhnazarov Karen Georgievich (2002)- director, CEO Association "Mosfilm".
• Bezrukov Sergey Vitalievich (2008)- perhaps the most recognizable and popular Russian actor.
• Netrebko Anna Yurievna (2008)- Russian soprano. Currently lives in Austria.

Honored Artists of Russia

No less popular are the Honored Artists of Russia, many of which will soon receive the title of "folk":

• Vdovichenkov Vladimir Vladimirovich
• Mazaev Sergey Vladimirovich (2010)- Singer, head of his own record company.
• Epple Zhanna Vladimirovna (2010)- actress of cinema and Moscow drama theater them. Stanislavsky.
• Drobysh Viktor Yakovlevich (2010)- Composer, music producer.
• Mikhailov Stanislav Vladimirovich (2010)- Singer, lover of all women.
• Guseva Ekaterina Konstantinovna (2009)- a singing actress who sang at the North Pole in 2002.
• Smekhova Alika Veniaminovna (2008)- actress, daughter of the main Athos of the country.
• Shukshina Maria Vasilievna (2008)- daughter famous actors was simply doomed to a successful acting career.

People's Artists of the USSR

On the theatrical, film and pop stages, many more creators still perform, who also have the title of People's Artists of the USSR:

• Pugacheva Alla Borisovna (1991)- Just a prima donna.
• Inna Mikhailovna Churikova (1991)- for her first role as the evil Marfushka in the fairy tale "Frost" she received an award from the then leader of Czechoslovakia.
• Mark Anatolievich Zakharov (1991)- theater and film director, teacher, professor.
• Yuri Abramovich Bashmet (1991)- violist, conductor, teacher.
• Galina Borisovna Volchek (1989) – artistic director Theater "Sovremennik", director.
• Edita Stanislavovna Piekha (1988)- the most refined singer of the Soviet stage. It owes its style and unusual manner of performance to its Franco-Polish roots.
• Sofia Mikhailovna Rotaru (1988)- Singer, national favorite.

Honored Artists of the USSR

Many representatives creative environment, having the title of People's Artists of Russia, the era of the Soviet Union ended in the title of Honored Artists of the USSR:

• Serov Alexander Nikolaevich (1991)- Soviet, Russian pop singer.
• Hvorostovsky Dmitry Alexandrovich (1990)- Russian baritone, after which one of the asteroids is named.
• Sanaeva Elena Vsevolodovna (1990)- Fox Alice of Soviet cinema.
• Dogileva Tatyana Anatolyevna (1989)- the most famous blonde of Soviet cinema.
  Buldakov Alexey Ivanovich (1989)- Honored General of Russian cinema.
• Vinokur Vladimir Natanovich (1984)- master of parody In his real life happy accidents and comical cases beat no less than his stage images.

Many brilliant Soviet artists were awarded the highest state awards during their lifetime. However, some domestic movie stars, despite people's love, remained without honorary titles.
Andrey Alexandrovich Mironov, who played more than a dozen bright, memorable film roles, played in the theater and performed on the stage. Among domestic cinema lovers there is, perhaps, not a single person who would not love this wonderful artist. In August 1987, Mironov was on tour in Riga and during the performance he lost consciousness right on the stage. Two days later, the artist passed away in the hospital - the doctors could not save Andrei Alexandrovich. The cause of his death was a massive cerebral hemorrhage. Seven years before the tragedy in Riga, Mironov was awarded the title of "People's Artist of the RSFSR". Before the recognition of his merits by the state in the form of the title "People's Artist of the USSR" he did not live.
Magnificent Kuravlyov, who was able to create unique lyrical and very funny images on the screen, is the owner of the title "People's Artist of the RSFSR". He was awarded it in 1976. Several decades later, the Soviet country was gone and Leonid Vyacheslavovich did not have time to receive the “People's Artist of the USSR”. Note that in 2012, the beloved artist was awarded the Order of Merit for the Fatherland, IV degree, for his huge contribution to the development of culture and art.

Actor and director Leonid Bykov died in a horrific car accident in 1979. Bykov had a lot state titles and awards. In 1973, Leonid Fedorovich was awarded the title of "People's Artist of the Ukrainian SSR" (Bykov lived in Ukraine and shot his films at a film studio in Kyiv). It is quite possible that he would have been awarded the "People's Artist of the USSR" if not for the ridiculous tragedy that ended the life of 50-year-old Bykov.



About Vladimir Semyonovich Vysotsky much has been said and written. He was a real people's artist, but without official recognition of this status. Note that the poet and actor was in second place in the list of domestic idols of the 20th century. In the first place is Yuri Alekseevich Gagarin. A huge number of streets in various cities of Russia and abroad are named after the poet and actor. He was a man who had a tremendous impact on the development of national culture, but he was not awarded the title of "People's Artist of the USSR". Vysotsky was an inconvenient person for the leadership of the party, since his characters often spoke the truth from the stage and from the screen, and his poems made you think. The work of Vladimir Semyonovich Vysotsky during his lifetime was not approved by the state, so he did not have official awards. Only in 1986 he was posthumously awarded the title of "People's Artist of the RSFSR".

In the filmography of a bright artist Yuri Kuzmenkov over a hundred paintings. The actor had an amazing, multifaceted talent - his characters (mostly Kuzmenkov starred in small roles) were often remembered by the audience much better than central characters. Like many artists from our selection, Kuzmenkov was the "People's Artist of the RSFSR". Kuzmenkov was not destined to get a higher rank.

For my acting career Elena Koreneva starred in more than fifty films and played in several theatrical performances. Title " People's Artist USSR "Koreneva was not destined to receive, most likely because she married an American and went to her husband across the ocean. Elena returned to her homeland in 1993, but the USSR no longer existed, respectively, this title also sunk into oblivion. Elena Alekseevna is also known as the author of several books.

"National artist Russian Federation"- is the highest honorary title of the Russian Federation, which is included in the state award system of the Russian Federation. Awarded for outstanding achievements in theatrical, musical, circus, variety and cinema arts.

AiF.ru tells how to get the title of People's Artist of the Russian Federation.

How to get the title of People's Artist of the Russian Federation?

The title "People's Artist of the Russian Federation" is awarded to those who have made an outstanding contribution to the development and preservation of the national artistic culture, formation younger generation artists and received wide recognition from the public and the professional community. The title can be given to:

• artists;
• choreographers,
• conductors;
• playwrights;
• composers;
• directors;
• choirmasters;
• musical performers.

According to the Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of September 7, 2010 N 1099 "On measures to improve the state award system of the Russian Federation", the honorary title "People's Artist of the Russian Federation" is awarded, as a rule, no earlier than 10 years after the award of the honorary title " Honored Artist of the Russian Federation" or "Honored Artist of the Russian Federation" (for ballet dancers performing the first roles - not earlier than after 5 years).

People's Artist of the Russian Federation. Photo: Public Domain

When is the title of People's Artist of the Russian Federation awarded?

The President of the Russian Federation issues a decree conferring the honorary title "People's Artist of the Russian Federation" once a year on the eve of the celebration of Cultural Worker's Day (March 25).

What is the badge of the People's Artist of the Russian Federation?

The breastplate has a uniform for honorary titles of the Russian Federation form 40 mm high and 30 mm wide and is made of silver. It has the shape of an oval wreath formed by laurel and oak branches. The ends of the branches crossed at the bottom are tied with a bow. On the top of the wreath is the State Emblem of the Russian Federation. On the front side, in the central part, a cartouche with an inscription - the name of the honorary title - is superimposed on the wreath.

On the reverse side there is a pin for attaching the badge to clothing. The badge is worn on the right side of the chest.

Badges of the honorary title "People's Artist of the Russian Federation", issued after September 7, 2010, are gilded.

On TV we often hear "Honored Artist of Russia", "People's Artist of Russia". What do these titles mean? What privileges and benefits are due to the holders of these titles? How is the work of the honored and the people evaluated? Let's figure it out.

The title of "Honored Artist": the nuances of the award

The title of honored is awarded for special achievements in such arts as circus, theater, cinema, ballet, music, etc. The owner of the award can be either a performer (for example, an actor or a singer) or hold some responsible position (for example, a director or playwright). To receive an award, you must:

• make a personal contribution to the development of Russian culture and art;
• to participate in the creation of works that were highly appreciated both by the public and by critics and experts.
• take an active part in significant cultural events - concerts, performances;
• promote the spread of Russian culture outside the country;
• participate in projects that adequately represent Russia at international festivals;
• to be recognized and loved by the people as a cultural worker.

Honorary titles are given to representatives creative professions, which have state-level awards in the industry area. Previously, awards were given only after twenty years of successful creative activity. The only exceptions were ballet dancers. They received titles after a dozen years of work on stage. These deadlines are currently not met.

What is the title "People's" for?

The title of "People's" is an order of magnitude higher than the title of "Honored". It is also issued for special merits in the field of national culture and art. It is awarded only after the master of the stage has worked for at least ten years after receiving the title of honored.

Both titles are state and are awarded on the basis of the relevant decree of the President of the country.

The procedure for awarding this state award governed by Presidential Decree No. 1099 of September 7, 2010.

How to get a reward?

A star needs to have connections in order to receive an award. Any organization petitions for the award of the title: a trade union, a theater, a cinema studio. Then the applicants are considered by a commission specially designed for these purposes under the Ministry of Culture of Russia. The committee currently consists of thirty-four members. The committee includes many famous figures cultures such as Nikita Mikhalkov or Zurab Tsereteli.

Each candidate for a high rank is considered separately. Materials are being studied that can give an idea of ​​the talent of the artist:

• excerpts from films;
• videos;
• recordings of concerts or performances;
• text materials.

The Council meets once a year. About one hundred candidates can be considered for one meeting. The decision is made by voting, the vast majority - refusals. The committee recommends approximately ten people for approval. The final decision rests with the employees of the Ministry of Culture.

The selection criteria are not always clear. The council rarely tells why this or that artist was denied. Sometimes the reasons become known and they are sometimes absurd. For example, one famous actor was denied the title only because he had not paid a traffic fine.

Who didn't get the title?

Many prominent and indeed talented people not awarded the title for decades. For example, Mikhail Zhvanetsky, well-known throughout the country, was awarded the title of national only at the age of eighty. Some well-known and honored by Russians stars do not wait for state-level awards. Vladimir Vysotsky did not wait for the title of the people, and received the “deserved” title only after his death.

Nowadays, many actors, singers and other celebrities beloved by the people do not have any honorary awards. These include Ivan Okhlobystin (star of the series "Interns") or Alexander Baluev ("Peacemaker", "Hero", " Turkish gambit"). Some celebrities themselves reject awards. For example, they wanted to award the title of people's title to Leonid Yarmolnik, bypassing the well-deserved one. Famous actor theater and cinema refused.

How is the award going?

Titles are issued in the very heart of Moscow - the Kremlin, in the Dome Hall. The ceremony is scheduled before the professional holiday of cultural workers (March 25). Before the award, the artists are called from the presidential administration and informed about the need to come at the set time. You must arrive in formal attire: a black suit and tie. Artists get to the place of awarding on their own.

What are the benefits for "People's Artists"?

At times Soviet Union first, the artist received the title of honored, and after at least ten years he was awarded the title of people. The holders of these titles had special privileges: they were paid a double pension, they were taken to and from the performance on the then elite black Volga. They were given additional meters of living space, served in elite medical institutions, settled in luxury hotel rooms. Now there is none of that.

Today, having the titles of "Honored" and "People's" is simply an honor. The title practically does not change anything in the life of an artist, celebrities do not receive any special benefits.

Video - People's Artists of the USSR who did not receive the title of "People's"

How are star salaries calculated?

The legislation of Russia does not specify how much representatives of creative professions with the title "People's" or "Honored" should receive. Celebrities receive such earnings, prescribed in their contract with the theater, film studio or television channel. There is no single tariff for all. The income of the stage masters depends on many nuances - on the place of work, the number of performances, etc. The existing titles can also be taken into account in the accruals, but this remains at the discretion of the employer. For example, titled artists living in the capital are entitled to incentive bonuses to their basic salary. According to the order of the Moscow Department of Culture No. 963 dated November 26, 2014, additional payments are:

• 15% of the salary for the title of "Honored Artist";
• 20% of the salary for the title of "People's Artist".

Retirement of famous artists

All pensioners in Russia have almost the same pension. According to the newspaper " TVNZ”, even artists who had huge popularity, albums sold in millions of copies, and films dearly loved by the people, receive ridiculous money.

Like when the prima donna Russian stage in 2004 she retired, she was assigned only two thousand rubles. Now, thanks to indexation, this figure has grown to 10,000 rubles. Iosif Kobzon receives even less - about four thousand rubles. Such a low pension is due to the fact that he is a deputy and he is charged wages. When he leaves his post, Kobzon's pension will increase.

Valery Leontiev receives a "high" pension compared to the rest - about eight thousand rubles. This is due to the fact that the celebrity is listed as a ballet dancer. They always get more.

Many famous artists live from the income from the money that was earned at the peak of their popularity. Some successful representatives of creative professions do not even spend their penny pension, but transfer money to charity. For example, Lev Leshchenko and Vladimir Vinokurov provide material support orphanage. The rest of the artists, even after the onset of retirement age, are forced to work.

Table. Pensions famous artists(according to the cultural figures themselves and their relatives).

Many celebrities live in poverty. According to producer Isaakov, pride does not allow some artists to report their plight. Artists simply cannot survive on a beggarly pension, so many continue to work. Stanislav Sadalsky works as a presenter. To retire 11 thousand to lead a decent life in Moscow is unrealistic. Churikova, Basilashvili, Kostolevsky continue to play in the theater and cinema. Edita Piekha still takes part in various concerts.

Some artists, due to life circumstances or medical reasons, cannot work. Such celebrities include Alexander Pankratov-Cherny.

Famous artists receive a beggarly pension. Some worked for 30-40 years, they were known and loved by the whole country. Many believe that the people who have made such a significant contribution to Russian culture should receive a much higher pension or personal benefits. For example, Alla Pugacheva at one time brought huge incomes. She collected full houses, her albums were sold in millions of copies. On the other hand, you don’t have to worry about Alla Borisovna’s financial situation. Her fortune is about 100 million rubles.

There is also an opinion that artists have a small but fair pension. Now all pensioners receive about the same. And popularity should not affect the income of a pensioner. After all, the glory and love of the people is a gift in itself.

Not all actors, singers and musicians receive the title of Honored Artist. To become one, you need to go through a long thorny path where troubles, obstacles will come across, there will be people who are not averse to putting talented person spokes in the wheels, even if he is their friend and colleague. But there is no need to give up, you need to work long and hard. And then the reward and recognition will find you.

Who is entitled to the title?

The honorary status is assigned to persons working in the field of cinema, variety art, theater, ballet, workers in the music and circus fields, as well as radio and television workers, and so on. A person applying for the title of "Honored Artist" must work 20 years or more and achieve public recognition.

How is it possible to receive a state award?

In 2010, a special decree issued by the President of the Russian Federation was issued stating that this high title is awarded to an employee only when he has worked in the field of art for more than 20 years. But that's not all. The candidate for the title must have any awards or promotions (diplomas, certificates, grants) issued by federal or state authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation. This means that the future honored artist of the theater, cinema, etc. will receive the title due to him only upon reaching the age of 38, provided that the person has started working in various creative teams from 18 years old.

Of course, just 20 years of work in the cinema or theater to get the status of an honored artist is not enough. It is necessary to make a great contribution to art or its development, for example, to make a film that will become popular, to play successfully in many performances, to achieve fame and recognition of one's name. If the future honored artist meets all of the above requirements, you can safely apply for the title. But before you write an appeal, you need to draw up a petition for an award. This is usually done by the director or head of the institution where the talented employee works, or his team. In other words, in place permanent job person. If, for some reason, the future honored artist does not work anywhere, then the petition is drawn up where he spent vigorous activity in the field of arts.

What is the difference between an honored artist and a folk artist? What title is preferred?

It is more difficult to become a people's artist than a well-deserved one. This does not mean that getting the status of the second is easier than a lung. You have to work hard. To receive the title of "Honored Artist of Russia", you need to work for the benefit of art for at least 20 years. For those who have chosen ballet as their specialty, this period is reduced to 10 years. But to become a people's artist, you need to work another 10 years after receiving the title of honored. For those who do ballet dances, the time is again reduced to 5 years.

Summing up, we can say that the question of which title is better - deserved or National artist, you can confidently answer that it is better to be second. However, they cannot become until the status of the first is obtained.

Special privileges in the USSR

Of course, this is not the only difference in titles. A people's artist is now entitled to more privileges and awards than a well-deserved one. If the second in the days of the USSR, when traveling on tour, was given a place in a compartment and a shabby hotel room, then the first was given more honors. The car stood out no lower than the sleeping one, and the place where the actor was located was chic. In addition, folk artists received and receive a good salary increase, vouchers to a sanatorium, and earlier, when going to a performance and leaving it, an art worker was given a car that drove and brought him back and forth. Now this privilege, unfortunately, has been canceled.

Honored Artists of Russia

Singer Leonid Agutin got into the honorary lists of recognized artists. He is the son of a musician and teacher, followed in the footsteps of his father and at the age of six he studied at music school. Then he graduated from the Moscow jazz school, served in the army, and then seriously took up the career of a singer and musician. His award found an addressee in 2008.

The singer Tatyana Bulanova also has this status. Although her relatives are not at all connected with music, like Leonid Agutin (Tatyana's father graduated from the Naval Academy, and her mother was a photographer), the girl showed a love for music from childhood. And although the singer still decided to show off her talent on stage. The beginning of her career, or debut, took place in 1990, and after 14 years she received the title of "Honored Artist".

Mark of distinction

The awarded person will receive not only a certificate, but also a special Chest sign. It is made of silver and has a very beautiful and unusual shape. The award looks like an oval wreath, which is obtained with the help of two crossed tree branches - oak and laurel. At the bottom of the award there is a beautiful bow, and at the top - the state emblem. In the center, right on the wreath, there is an inscription that reads: "Honored Artist". There is a pin on the back of the badge so that it can be attached to a jacket. Traditionally, this is done on the right side of the chest.

Summing up

This award, which was carefully considered in the article, is difficult to obtain, but possible. It should only be remembered that not a single achievement will be obtained if one does not make titanic efforts and does not devote oneself to achieving the cherished goal. It's not for nothing that they say that dreams do come true. Just enough strong desire. And then the title will not be just a name.