Chingiz torekulovich aitmatov short biography. Chingiz Aitmatov: biography, creativity, family
Soviet literature
Chingiz Aitmatov
Biography
AITMATOV, CHINGIZ TOREKULOVICH (b. 1928), Kyrgyz prose writer.
Born December 12, 1928 in the village of Sheker in Kyrgyzstan in the family of a party worker. In 1937 my father was repressed, future writer was brought up by his grandmother, his first impressions of life are connected with the national Kyrgyz way of life. The family spoke both Kyrgyz and Russian, and this determined the bilingual nature of Aitmatov's work.
In 1948, Aitmatov graduated from a veterinary technical school and entered the Agricultural Institute, from which he graduated in 1953. In 1952, he began publishing stories in the Kyrgyz language in periodicals. After graduating from the institute, he worked for three years at the Research Institute of Cattle Breeding, while continuing to write and publish stories. In 1956 he entered the Higher Literary Courses in Moscow (graduating in 1958). In the year of graduation, his story Face to Face (translated from Kyrgyz) was published in the October magazine. In the same year, his stories were published in the magazine " New world”, and also the story “Jamilya” was published, which brought Aitmatov world fame.
In the story "Jamilya", the hero-narrator of which was a 15-year-old teenager, a main feature Aitmatov's prose: a combination of intense drama in describing characters and situations with a lyrical structure in describing the nature and customs of the people.
After graduating from the Higher Literary Courses, Aitmatov worked as a journalist in the city of Frunze, as an editor of the Literary Kyrgyzstan magazine. In the 1960s-1980s, he was a deputy of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR, a delegate to the Congress of the CPSU, and was a member of the editorial boards of Novy Mir and Literaturnaya Gazeta. For his works, Aitmatov was awarded the State Prize of the USSR three times (1968, 1980, 1983).
In 1963, Aitmatov's collection Tale of Mountains and Steppes was published, for which he received the Lenin Prize. The novels “My Poplar in a Red Scarf”, “The First Teacher”, “Mother’s Field” included in the book told about the complex psychological and everyday collisions that occur in the lives of ordinary village people in their clash with new life.
Until 1965, Aitmatov wrote in the Kyrgyz language. The first story he wrote in Russian is “Farewell, Gulsary!” (originally titled "Death of a Pacer", 1965). The fate of the protagonist, the Kyrgyz peasant Tananbai, is as typical as the fate of best heroes « village prose". Tananbai took part in collectivization, not sparing sibling, then he himself became a victim of party careerists. An important role in the story was played by the image of the pacer Gulsary, who accompanied Tananbai throughout for long years. Critics noted that the image of Gyulsara is a metaphor for the essence human life in which the suppression of the individual is inevitable, the rejection of the naturalness of being. G. Gachev called Gulsary the “two-headed image-centaur” of an animal and a man, which is most characteristic of Aitmatov.
In the story "Farewell, Gulsary!" a powerful epic background was created, which became another important sign of Aitmatov's work, motives and plots of the Kyrgyz epic Karagul and Kodzhodzhan were used. In the story The White Steamboat (1970), Aitmatov created a kind of "author's epic", stylized as a folk epic. It was the tale of the Horned Mother Deer, which was told to the protagonist of the White Steamer, a boy, by his grandfather. Against the backdrop of the majestic and beautiful in its kindness of the story, the tragedy of the fate of the child, who himself ended his life, being unable to come to terms with the lies and cruelty of the "adult" world, was especially piercingly felt.
Mythological, epic motifs became the basis of the story "Piebald Dog Running at the Edge of the Sea" (1977). Its action takes place on the shores of the Sea of Okhotsk during the time of the Great Fish-Woman, the progenitor human race.
In 1973, Aitmatov co-authored the play "Climbing Mount Fuji" with K. Mukhamedzhanov. The performance based on it at the Moscow Sovremennik Theater was a great success. In the center of the play is the problem of human guilt associated with silence, not raising one's voice against injustice.
In 1980, Aitmatov wrote his first novel, And the Day Lasts Longer Than a Century (subsequently entitled "Stormy Stop"). Main character novel - a simple Kazakh Yedigei, who worked at a station lost in the steppe. The fate of Edigei and the people around him, like a drop of water, reflected the fate of the country - with pre-war repressions, World War II, hard post-war work, the construction of a nuclear test site near his home. The action of the novel develops on two planes: earthly events intersect with cosmic ones; extraterrestrial civilizations, cosmic forces did not remain indifferent to the evil and good deeds of people. As in Aitmatov's stories, in the novel "And the Day Lasts Longer than a Century" an important place is occupied by the image of a camel - as a symbol of the natural beginning, as well as the legend of Naiman Ana's mother and her son, who, by will evil people becomes a mankurt, that is, a senseless and cruel creature that does not remember its roots. The novel “And the day lasts longer than a century” had a huge public outcry. The word "mankurt" has become a household word, a kind of symbol of those irresistible changes that have occurred in modern man, breaking its connection with the eternal foundations of being. Aitmatov's second novel "The Scaffold" (1986) largely repeated the motifs that arose in the novel "And the day lasts longer than a century." Images of Christ and Pontius Pilate appeared in the novel. Critics noted the eclecticism of the author's philosophy, which outweighed the artistic merits of the text in the Scaffold. Subsequently, Aitomatov developed in his work the fantastic, space theme, which became the basis of the novel Cassandra's Brand (1996). In 1988-1990 Aitmatov was the editor-in-chief of the Foreign Literature magazine. In 1990-1994 he worked as the Ambassador of Kyrgyzstan to the Benelux countries. Aitmatov's works have been translated into many languages of the world.
The writer died on June 10, 2008 in a hospital in the German city of Nuremberg in a clinic where he was being treated. He was buried on June 14 in the historical and memorial complex "Ata-Beyit" in the suburbs of Bishkek.
On December 12, 1928, the future writer Aitmatov was born in the family of a party worker. But his father was repressed when Chingiz was 9 years old, because the boy was given to be raised by his grandmother, who instilled love for native land and culture. Since the writer spoke Kyrgyz and Russian equally well since childhood, this also affected his future work.
First, a veterinary technical school, then an agricultural institute, Aitmatov graduated with honors. A year before graduation, in 1952, he began to publish his stories in periodicals. Despite the fact that the writer found a job at the Research Institute of Cattle Breeding, this did not prevent him from developing creatively and devoting time to literature. And now, in 1956, Genghis moved to Moscow to get into the Higher Literary Courses. In the year of graduation, he published several stories at once, and also wrote his most famous story, Jamila, which aroused interest in the writer.
Chingiz Torekulovich Aitmatov (Kyrgyz Chyngyz Torokulovich Aitmatov) (December 12, 1928, Sheker village, Kyrgyzstan - June 10, 2008, Nuremberg, Germany) - Kyrgyz Soviet writer, who wrote in Kyrgyz and Russian, People's Writer of the Kyrgyz SSR (1974), Hero of Socialist Labor (1978).
His father Torekul Aitmatov was a prominent statesman of the Kirghiz SSR, but in 1937 he was arrested and shot in 1938. Mother, Nagima Khamzievna Abdulvalieva, a Tatar by nationality, was an actress in a local theater.
After graduating from eight classes, he entered the Dzhambul zootechnical school, from which he graduated with honors. In 1948, Aitmatov entered the Agricultural Institute in Frunze, from which he graduated in 1953. In 1952 he began publishing stories in the Kyrgyz language in periodicals. After graduating from the institute during three years worked at the Research Institute of Cattle Breeding, while continuing to write and publish stories. In 1956 he entered the Higher Literary Courses in Moscow (graduating in 1958). In the year of graduation, his story “Face to Face” (translated from Kyrgyz) was published in the October magazine. In the same year, his stories were published in the Novy Mir magazine, and the story Jamila was also published, which brought Aitmatov world fame.
In 1990-1994 he worked as the ambassador of the USSR and Russia in the Benelux countries. Until March 2008, he was Kyrgyzstan's ambassador to France, Belgium, Luxembourg and the Netherlands. Since January 6, 1994 retired.
In 2006, he participated in the release of the book "Autograph of the Century".
Chingiz Aitmatov is a world-famous writer, a classic of Russian and Kyrgyz literature, a laureate of the most prestigious awards. His books - "And the day lasts longer than a century ...", "Farewell, Gulsary!", "White ship", "Spotted dog running along the edge of the sea" - have been translated into dozens of languages. These novels-parables have become the property of world literature.
The Scaffolding Block, like many other works by Aitmatov, warns that the Day of Judgment has begun long ago - you just have to force yourself to see it.
Deputy of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR, People's Deputy of the USSR, member of the Presidential Council of the USSR, member of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Kyrgyzstan, member of the secretariat of the Union of Writers and the Union of Cinematographers, one of the leaders of the Soviet Committee of Solidarity with the Countries of Asia and Africa, editor-in-chief of the magazine "Foreign Literature", initiator of the international intellectual Movement "Issyk-Kul Forum".
Chingiz Aitmatov is a Kyrgyz and Russian writer, prose writer, screenwriter and diplomat. Aitmatov's works have been translated into hundreds of languages.
In addition to Chingiz, the Aitmatovs had a boy, Ilgiz, a girl, Rosa, and twins, Lucia and Reva, the last of whom died in infancy.
Childhood and youth
In 1933, the Aitmatovs moved to, as the father of the family went on promotion. However, when 1937 came, the couple faced serious trials.
On charges of anti-Soviet activities, Aitmatov Sr. was transferred back to Kyrgyzstan.
Chingiz Aitmatov in his youth A year later, he will be declared an enemy of the people and shot. In this regard, his wife, as the wife of an "enemy of the people", will have to face all sorts of difficulties and infringements of her rights.
When Chingiz Aitmatov was 14 years old, it began. Since the young man was sufficiently educated, he was appointed to the post of secretary of the village council.
After the end of the war, he entered the Dzhambul zootechnical school, from which he graduated with honors.
In 1948, Aitmatov successfully passed the exams at the Kyrgyz Agricultural Institute, where he studied for 5 years.
During this period of biography, he began to write his first stories in the local newspaper. An interesting fact is that he wrote works equally well, both in Russian and in the Kyrgyz languages.
Aitmatov's works
In 1956, Chingiz Aitmatov went to Moscow to enter the Higher Literary Courses. Thus, he wanted to improve his skills as a writer.
A year later, the novels “Face to Face” and “Jamila” came out from under his pen, which brought Genghis a certain popularity. An interesting fact is that he wrote his first novel only in 1980.
IN creative biography Aitmatov is dominated by works written in the genre of realism. However, he has many short stories and novels with elements of fantasy that he will write in more late period life.
Chingiz Aitmatov showed particular interest in. He liked folk epics and legends, the heroes of which fought evil and injustice.
The main works in Aitmatov's biography are the stories "Farewell, Gulsary!" and The White Steamboat, as well as the novels Snowy Stop and Block.
Personal life
Chingiz Aitmatov was married twice. The first wife in his biography was Kerez Shamshibaeva, whom he met in his student years.
At that time, the girl studied at the medical institute. Genghis was attracted to her by the fact that, in addition to medicine, she was interested in literature.
Soon they decided to get married. In this marriage, they had 2 boys - Sanjar and Askar.
Chingiz Aitmatov with his wife Kerez, sons Sanjar and Askar However, over time, Aitmatov lost interest in his wife, as a result, he began dating the ballerina Byubyusara Beishenalieva.
A stormy romance began between them, which lasted 14 years. Aitmatov and Beishenalieva could not legalize relations for a number of reasons.
Chingiz Aitmatov and Bubusara Beishenalieva The famous writer and communist had no right to just leave his wife and start a family with another woman.
In turn Bubusard, being People's Artist could not marry a divorced man.
As a result, Aitmatov continued to live with his legal wife and meet with his mistress. The writer displayed his feelings that he experienced during that period of his biography in his own works.
Aitmatov married Beishenalieva, since she died of breast cancer in 1973. The death of a ballerina was a real tragedy for Chingiz, which he experienced very painfully.
The second family of Chingiz Aitmatov The second wife in Aitmatov's biography was Maria Urmatovna, who already had a daughter from her first marriage. After the wedding, they had a boy Eldar and a girl Shirin.
Death
At the end of his life, Chingiz Aitmatov suffered from diabetes. In 2008, he went to Tatarstan to shoot the film "And the day lasts longer than a century." The premiere of the film was to take place on the anniversary of the classic.
On one of the shooting days, Aitmatov caught a serious cold. The disease began to progress, and soon developed into acute pneumonia.
This led to kidney failure, as a result of which the writer was urgently sent for treatment at. A month later, it became clear to the doctors that Aitmatov could no longer be saved.
Chingiz Aitmatov died on June 10, 2008 at the age of 79. He was buried at the Ata-Beyit cemetery, not far from the capital of Kyrgyzstan.
Writer, publicist and public figure Chingiz Torekulovich Aitmatov was born on December 12, 1928 in the village of Sheker of the Kirghiz Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic (now the Talas region of Kyrgyzstan). His father Torekul Aitmatov served as second secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Kirghiz SSR, People's Commissar of Agriculture, was subsequently arrested in Moscow, transferred to Bishkek and shot in 1938. The mother of Nagim Abduvaliev, the daughter of a Tatar merchant of the 1st guild, was an activist in the women's movement in Kyrgyzstan, in 1937 she was declared the wife of an "enemy of the people."
After graduating from eight grades of school, during the Great Patriotic War (1941-1945) Chingiz Aitmatov worked as a secretary of the village council, a tractor brigade accountant.
In 1948 he graduated with honors from the Dzhambul zootechnical school, in 1953 from the Agricultural Institute in the city of Frunze (now Bishkek).
In 1953-1956 he worked as a senior livestock specialist at the Kyrgyz Research Institute of Animal Husbandry.
In 1958, Aitmatov graduated from the Higher Literary Courses in Moscow.
In his works, Aitmatov acted as a master psychological portrait, his heroes were spiritually strong, humane, active people. The writer's prose was distinguished by the sincerity of intonation and poetry, combined with the psychological authenticity of the images. ordinary people. In the stories The White Steamboat (1970), The Piebald Dog Running by the Edge of the Sea (1977), in the novel The Day Lasts Longer than a Century philosophical, ethical and social problems modernity.
In 1988-1990, Aitmatov served as editor-in-chief of the Foreign Literature magazine.
From 1990 to 1991 - Ambassador of the USSR to the Benelux countries (Belgium, the Netherlands, Luxembourg), in 1991-1994 - Russian Ambassador to the Benelux countries.
From 1994 to March 2008, he was Kyrgyzstan's ambassador to France, Belgium, Luxembourg and the Netherlands.
IN post-soviet time"The White Cloud of Genghis Khan" (1992), "Cassandra's Brand" (1994), "Tales" (1997), "Childhood in Kyrgyzstan" (1998) were published abroad.
In 2006, his last novel, When the Mountains Fall (The Eternal Bride), was published, a German translation of which was published in 2007 under the title Snow Leopard.
Aitmatov did a lot of social work. In 1964-1986 he was the first secretary of the Union of Cinematographers of Kyrgyzstan, in 1976-1990 he was the secretary of the board of the Union of Writers of the USSR, in 1986 he was the first secretary of the board of the Union of Writers of Kyrgyzstan.
He was elected a deputy of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR (1966-1989), people's deputy USSR (1989-1991).
Aitmatov's books have been translated into more than 176 languages and published in 128 countries.
More than 20 films were made based on the writer 's works . The first film based on Chingiz Aitmatov was the film "Pass", filmed in 1961 by director Alexei Sakharov. In 1965, the story "The First Teacher" was filmed by director Andrei Konchalovsky at Mosfilm, the story " camel eye" became the basis of the debut film of Larisa Shepitko "Heat" (1962) with Bolotbek Shamshiev in leading role, who later became one of the best directors for staging films based on the works of Chingiz Aitmatov: "Echo of Love" (1974), "White Steamboat" (1975), "Early Cranes" (1979), "Climbing Mount Fuji" (1988).
In May 2008, in Kazan, while filming a film based on the writer's novel "And the Day Lasts Longer than a Century," 79-year-old Aitmatov was hospitalized with severe pneumonia. His condition was complicated by acute renal failure. For further treatment, the writer was transported to Germany.
On June 10, 2008, Chingiz Aitmatov died in a Nuremberg clinic. Writer on memorial cemetery"Ata-Beyit" in the suburbs of Bishkek, next to the grave of his father.
Creativity and social activity Chingiz Aitmatov were awarded numerous awards. In 1978 he was awarded the title of Hero of Socialist Labor. Laureate of the Lenin Prize (1963), State Prizes USSR (1968, 1977, 1983). Among his state awards are two orders of Lenin, an order October revolution, two orders of the Red Banner of Labor, the Order of Friendship of Peoples and the Order of Friendship. He was also awarded the badge "Ak-Shumkar" of the Hero of Kyrgyzstan, the Kyrgyz order "Manas" I degree, awards from a number of foreign states.
Among Aitmatov's cinematographic awards are the Grand Prize of the All-Union Film Festival (1976), the honorary prize of the Berlin Film Festival Berlinale Camera Award (1996).
The name of the writer to the central square of the capital of Kyrgyzstan - Oak Park, where " Eternal flame"and a monument to the fighters of the revolution of 1917, as well as the State National Russian Drama Theater.
In August 2011, Chingiz Aitmatov was installed on the central square of Bishkek with a height of 6.5 meters.
A monument to Aitmatov was also installed in the city of Cholpon-Ata, Issyk-Kul region of Kyrgyzstan.
On November 14, 2013, a memorial to the writer was opened in Bishkek in the Ata-Beyit complex.
In 2011 in London, the International Chingiz Aitmatov Award (ICAA), which is awarded for the popularization and study of the heritage of the writer and the cultures of peoples Central Asia. Candidates were selected by members international jury, consisting of seven scientists from Great Britain, Germany, Russia, Kazakhstan. The award is presented by the London-based Aitmatov Academy, created by Professor Rakhima Abduvalieva, who worked with the writer and promoted his work in Germany in German.
Chingiz Aitmatov was married twice. His second wife was a graduate of VGIK Maria Aitmatova. The writer has four children - sons Sanjar, Askar and Eldar, daughter Shirin. Askar served as Minister of Foreign Affairs of Kyrgyzstan in 2002-2005. Shirin is a member of the Parliament of Kyrgyzstan. Eldar is the president of the Chingiz Aitmatov International Foundation.
Years of life: from 12/12/1928 to 06/10/2008
One of the most prominent Kyrgyz writers. Made a huge contribution to Soviet literature. All of Aitmatov's works (generally realistic) are full of mythological and epic motifs, which is why his style is called "magical socialist realism." He wrote in Kyrgyz and Russian.
Born in 1928 in the village of Sheker, now the Talas region of Kyrgyzstan. His father Torekul Aitmatov was a prominent statesman of the Kirghiz SSR, but in 1937 he was arrested and shot in 1938. Mother, Nagima Khamzievna Abdulvalieva, a Tatar by nationality, was an actress in a local theater. The family spoke both Kyrgyz and Russian, and this determined the bilingual nature of Aitmatov's work.
After graduating from eight classes, he entered the Dzhambul zootechnical school, which he graduated in 1948. In the same year, Aitmatov entered the Agricultural Institute in Frunze (graduating in 1953). Was the secretary of the village council (1942-53)
In 1952 he began to publish stories in the Kyrgyz language in periodicals. After graduating from the institute, he worked for three years at the Research Institute of Cattle Breeding as a senior livestock specialist, while continuing to write and print stories.
In 1956 he entered the Higher Literary Courses in Moscow (graduating in 1958). In the year of graduation, the story "Jamilya" was published, which brought fame to Aitmatov.
After graduating from the Higher Literary Courses, Aitmatov worked as a journalist in the city of Frunze (since 1991 - Bishkek), editor of the Literary Kyrgyzstan magazine, and at the same time as a correspondent for the Pravda newspaper in the Kyrgyz SSR (1959-65). He was a member of the CPSU since 1959. He was elected a member of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Kyrgyzstan. In 1963, Aitmatov's collection "The Tale of Mountains and Steppes" was published, for which he was awarded the Lenin Prize.
Until 1965, Aitmatov wrote in the Kyrgyz language. The first story he wrote in Russian is “Farewell, Gulsary!” (1965). In 1968, the writer was awarded the title of "People's Writer of the Kirghiz SSR", and in 1974 he was elected a full member (academician) of the Academy of Sciences of the Kirghiz SSR.
In 1980, Aitmatov wrote his first (and one of the main) novels, And the Day Lasts Longer than a Century (subsequently titled The Stormy Stop). Second central novel Aitmatov's Block was written in 1986.
In 1966-1989 - Deputy of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR, 1964-86 - First Secretary of the IC of Kyrgyzstan, 1976-90 - Secretary of the Board of the USSR Writers' Union; 1986 First Secretary of the Board of the Joint Venture of Kyrgyzstan. In 1988-1990, Aitmatov was the editor-in-chief of the magazine.
In 1990-1994 he worked as the ambassador of the USSR and Russia in Luxembourg. In 1994 - 2008 he was Kyrgyzstan's ambassador to the Benelux countries, NATO and the European Union.
Aitmatov was the founder of the Issyk-Kul Forum international movement, vice-president of the Academy of Creativity (since 1992), trustee of the Eternal Memory to Soldiers Foundation, president of the Assembly of Peoples Central Asia(since 1995), Academician of the Academy of Russian Literature (1996), member of the Club of Rome, full member of the European Academy of Sciences, Arts and Literature and the World Academy of Sciences and Arts.
Married twice. Four children, one of them in 2002-2005. was the Minister of Foreign Affairs of Kyrgyzstan.
The writer died on June 10, 2008 in a hospital in Nuremberg, where he was being treated. He was buried in the Ata-Beyit historical and memorial complex in the suburbs of Bishkek.
In total, Aitmatov was awarded forty-six state awards different countries. His first award (medal "For Valiant Labor in the Great Patriotic war 1941-1945"), the writer received at the age of 17.
The writer's works have been published in the world more than 650 times in 150 languages.
Established Golden medal and created International Foundation them. Ch. Aitmatova. In 1993, the International Public Aitmatov Academy was organized in Bishkek.
The novel "Plakha" became the first and only one in the USSR in which hemp was mentioned as drug. True, the processes of its collection and preparation (as well as the effect of consumption) depicted by Aitmatov do not quite correspond to reality.
The word "mankurt" from the novel "And the day lasts longer than a century" has become a household word.
Writer's Awards
State awards and titles
USSR and RussiaMedal "For Valiant Labor in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945" (1945)
Medal "For Labor Distinction" (1958)
Two Orders of the Red Banner of Labor (1962, 1967)
People's Writer of Kyrgyzstan (1968)
Hero of Socialist Labor (1978)
Order of Lenin (1978)
Order of Friendship of Peoples (1984)
Order of the October Revolution (1988)
Order of Friendship (1998)
other states
Hero of the Kyrgyz Republic (1997, Kyrgyzstan)
Order of Manas, 1st class (Kyrgyzstan)
Order of Otan (2000, Kazakhstan)
Order "Dustlik" (Uzbekistan)
Officer's Cross of the Order of Merit (2006, Hungary)
Prizes
(1963)(1968, 1977, 1983)
State Prize of the Kirghiz SSR (1976)
Lotus Award
J. Nehru International Prize
Award of the magazine "Spark"
European literary prize (1993)
International Prize of the Mediterranean Center for Cultural Initiatives of Italy
American Religious Ecumenical Foundation Call to Conscience Award (1989, USA)
Bavarian Prize. F. Ruckert (1991, Germany)
A. Men Award (1997)
Rukhaniyat Award
Honorary Prize of Culture named after V. Hugo
The highest award of the Turkish government for contribution to the development of the culture of the Turkic-speaking countries (2007)
Other awards
Medal of N. K. Krupskaya of the Ministry of Culture of the USSRChildren's Order of Smile (Poland)
Medal of Honor "For outstanding contribution to the development of culture and art for the benefit of peace and prosperity on earth" of the Tokyo Institute of Oriental Philosophy (1988)
Honorary citizen of the city of Bishkek.
Bibliography
The White Steamboat (1976) dir. B. Shamshiev
Climbing Mount Fuji (1988) dir. B. Shamshiev
Piebald dog running along the edge of the sea (1990) dir. K. Gevorkyan
Cry migratory bird(1990) dir. B. Karagulov based on the story "Face to Face"
Buranny station (1995, Kyrgyzstan/Kazakhstan) dir. B. Karagulov
Farewell, Gulsary (2008, Kazakhstan) dir. A. Amirkulov
Films based on scripts by Ch. Aitmatov
Pass (1961) dir. A. Sakharov
Early Cranes (1979) dir. B. Shamshiev
Tornado (1989) dir. B. Sadykov
A mother's cry for a mankurt (2004, Kyrgyzstan) dir. B. Karagulov
