Lidia Ruslanova. Queen of Russian folk song
In her work, she surprisingly combined mastery beautiful voice and unique acting skills. It is difficult to find another Russian singer who could perform so masterfully folk songs.
Voice Lidia Ruslanova was of a huge range: a low contralto with a beautiful, deep sound, turning into a medium and even a high magic mezzo-soprano. As admirers of her talent say, she had a Russian voice, of a rare sound, with sincerity, with a breadth of sound and an extraordinary power of influence. She sounded amazing, performing both lyrical and dramatic songs, and merry ones with unbridled prowess.
Lidia Ruslanova possessed the gift of improvisation, an excellent musical memory and perfect pitch. She did not strive to perform the same repertoire all the time, while she could sing the same song each time in a new way. She was able to turn each song into a small play, interpreting them in her own way. Collecting Russian songs, she gave them new life. Each of them is a small performance about the great and majestic Russia. And the songs, seemingly lost and almost forgotten, were followed by the singer by the whole country.
Only in the prewar years did she manage to travel around the country several times, giving concerts in the Urals and Far East, in Siberia and Belarus, in the Far North and in the Transcaucasus ... Few artists can boast of such endurance, not a single performer had as many concert routes as Ruslanova. Sometimes she participated in four or five concerts a day. Concerts with participation Lidia Ruslanova always caused a sensation, tickets sold out instantly, there were always more people who wanted to hear their favorite singer than the hall could accommodate. She turned each song into a masterpiece of song art, performing temperamentally and contagiously, not sparing herself.
Although Lidia Ruslanova also performed songs Soviet composers, Russian folk songs have always occupied a special place in the heart of the singer, admiring the poetic folk art and melodic sound. She remained true to her calling and collected a huge variety of songs. Lidia Ruslanova worked a lot before last day, but she retained her talent, she sang charmingly and incendiary, tirelessly and selflessly ...
highly valued talent Lidia Ruslanova. He owns the words: “Her name has become almost a household name: Ruslanova is a Russian song.
Discography of Lidia Ruslanova
CD
1996 - Lydia Ruslanova sings.
2000 - The Queen of the Russian Song.
2001 - Great performers of Russia of the XX century. Lidia Ruslanova.
2002 - Russian folk songs. Recordings from the 1930s and 40s.
2007 - Names for all time. Lidia Ruslanova.
Songs performed by Lidia Ruslanova
"On the Murom path"
"Steppe and steppe all around"
"I went up the hill"
"Katyusha went ashore"
"Pedlars"
"Felt boots"
"Like a Cat-Cat"
"The moon turned crimson"
"Collective farm polka"
"Linden century"
"Chatushki under the dance"
"In the forge"
"It's raining outside"
"At the valley, a bush of viburnum"
"In the dugout"
"Kalinushka"
"From under the oak, from under the elm"
"You, garden"
"Autumn Dream" (old waltz)
"And who knows"
"Stitches-tracks have grown over"
"My joy lives"
"Blue scarf"
Golden Fund "Sings Lydia Ruslanova"
"Komarinskaya"
"Through the wild steppes of Transbaikalia"
"Golden Mountains"
"They say in the forest"
"Shining Moon"
"The Night is Dark"
"Gossip"
"Lake" (chastushki, 1939)
"Blue scarf"
"Down the Volga River"
"When I served as a coachman at the post office"
"Saratov ditties"
"Comic refrains" (Ryazan province, 1929)
"It's raining outside (lullaby)
"Autumn dream"
"I'll go out, I'll go out into the open field"
"Oh, you blow, grassroots wind"
"Dugout"
"Get up and walk"
"Along the bridge street"
Concert (Berlin, 2 May 1945)
"Time to Time"
"My beauty lives"
"Grow up, my Kalinushka"
"Song of the Partisans" (1933)
"Between loaves"
"Mosquitoes"
"Gossip"
"Will I go out to the river"
"It's raining outside" (lullaby)
"Lucina"
"Oh you, the steppe is wide"
"I go out alone on the road"
"I will sow a swan"
"The moon shines" (1942, folk music and words)
"Lost between high loaves"
"chastushki"
"Soviet songs"
"Tula refrains"
"Samara refrains"
"Kaluga refrains"
"Kamarinskaya"
Lidia Andreevna Ruslanova (at the birth of Agafya Andreevna Leykina; (14) October 27, 1900, the village of Chernavka, Serdobsky district, Saratov province - September 21, 1973, Moscow) - Russian and Soviet singer, Honored Artist of the RSFSR (1942). The main place in Ruslanova's repertoire was occupied by Russian folk songs. Lidia Ruslanova was one of the most popular artists in the USSR, and its performance by Russian folk songs considered the standard.
Lidia Andreevna Ruslanova (real name - Agafya Andreevna Leikina) was born (14) October 27, 1900 in the village of Chernavka (now the Saratov region) in a large peasant family of Old Believers.
At the age of six, left without parents, she walked around Saratov and the villages with her blind grandmother, they sang and begged. A year later, my grandmother also died. Agafya, thanks to her talent, was placed in an orphanage at the Kinovia Church. children peasant class they didn’t take her there, so she was given a letter with a new name and surname - Lidia Ruslanova.
Ruslanova graduated from the parochial school, then the Saratov Conservatory. She took singing lessons from the artist and teacher M.E. Medvedev.
After the revolution of 1917 began professional activity Ruslanova - she went on tour around the country, during the civil war she performed Russian folk songs in front of the soldiers of the Red Army. She made her debut as a pop singer in 1923 in Rostov-on-Don.
In the 1920s - 1930s large circulations gramophone records with Ruslanova's recordings were released. Her voice was often heard on the radio. Possessing a voice of great strength and endurance, Lidia Andreevna could participate in four or five concerts in one evening.
Lidia Ruslanova, as part of a concert brigade, performed on the fronts of the Soviet-Finnish and World War II. Total on the fronts of the Great Patriotic War she gave over 1,120 concerts.
The main place in the singer's repertoire was occupied by Russian folk songs and songs by Soviet composers. Ruslanova became the first performer of "Partisan Far East" ("Through the valleys and hills...") in Alexandrov's arrangement, the songs "Partisan Zheleznyak" and "Enemies burned their own hut" by Blanter, and others.
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Lidia Ruslanova speaks to front-line soldiers.
With the funds earned during the pre-war tour, Ruslanova acquired two Katyusha batteries, which were sent to the First Belorussian Front in the corps commanded by her husband. In 1948, Ruslanova was repressed, went through the camps. After Stalin's death in 1956, she and her husband were released.
Lidia Andreevna Ruslanova died on September 21, 1973 from a heart attack in Moscow.
Lidia Ruslanova - Russian folk songs
Genre: folklore
Disc release year: 1970
Disc manufacturer: THE USSR
Audio codec: APE
rip type:image+.cue
Audio bitrate: 44100 / 16
Duration: 48:29
label: Melody
Catalog number: 33D 028553-54
Tracklist:
1. Steppe and steppe all around
2. You mosquitoes
3. The month turned crimson
4.Zhiguli
5. Linden century
6. Peddlers
7. Through the wild steppes of Transbaikalia
8. Saratov ditties
9. Along the pavement street
10. Golden Mountains
11. It's raining outside
12.Kamarinskaya
13. Charming eyes
14. Chastushki
15. Boots
16. I went up the hill
State Russian folk orchestra them. N. Osipova. Conductor D. Osipov (1,5,11,12,16)
Ensemble folk instruments N. Nekrasov (2.7)
Domra sextet conducted by N. Nekrasov (6,9,13)
Instrumental quartet (15):
B. Tikhonov (button accordion), N. Nazaruk (clarinet), V. Ryskov (guitar), S. Stikhin (double bass)
V. Maksakov - Saratov harmonica (4,8,14)
L.Komlev - accordion (3.10)
L. Ruslanova's notes have been restored in the All-Union
recording studio sound engineer N.T. Morozov
In the Penza region, many cultural institutions hosted events dedicated to creativity our compatriot - famous singer Lidia Andreevna Ruslanova. Yes, on her small homeland in the historical and cultural center of the village of Klyuchi, Maloserdobinsk district, a Ruslan song festival was held, timed to coincide with the 115th anniversary of the singer's birth. Every year in the regional center is held a competition of folk song performers named after Lidia Ruslanova "Pearls of Russia", in Penza, one of the streets of the city was named after the famous singer ...
Lidia Andreevna Ruslanova (at the birth of Praskovya Andrianovna Leikina-Gorshenina was born on October 14 (27), 1900 in the village of Chernavka, Serdobsky district, Saratov province (now the territory of the Penza region). Honored Artist of the RSFSR. The main place in Ruslanova's repertoire was occupied by Russian folk songs Lidia Ruslanova was one of the most popular singers in the USSR, and her performance of Russian folk songs is considered a reference.
Lidia Ruslanova had a beautiful and strong voice with a wide range. She created her own style of performing folk songs, which she collected all her life. Among her most popular songs are: “Steppe and steppe all around”, “Linden century-old”, “I went up the hill”, “Golden Mountains”, “The month turned crimson”, “The moon shines”, “Valenki” and many others. Lidia Ruslanova also performed songs by Soviet composers. One of the first to perform "Katyusha ...
Childhood and youth
Agafya Leikina, the future singer Lidia Ruslanova, was born into a poor peasant Old Believer family. By her mother, she belonged to the Erzya people. In addition to Agafya, the family had two more children - Julia and Avdey. Her father, Andrei Markelovich Leikin, worked as a loader on the pier.
At that time, they sang a lot in the village: at field work, at gatherings and festivities. “In the village they sang from the heart, firmly believing in a special, above-ground life and lamentations, and songs of joy,” the singer later recalled. In her family, her grandmother sang well, and her father's brother, Uncle Yasha, was a village celebrity. “A nugget of a very high standard,” as Lidia Ruslanova later called him, Yasha sang at village holidays, gatherings and weddings. He knew many songs. But most of all, the listeners appreciated his "improvisations".
Elena Ivanovna Mironova and Tatyana Ivanovna Nefyodova - aunt and mother of Lidia Ruslanova
Immediately after the start of the Russo-Japanese War, Agafya's father, the only breadwinner in the family, was taken to the soldiers.
“The first real song I heard was crying,” Lidia Ruslanova said. - My father was taken away to the soldiers. Grandmother clung to the cart and wailed. Then I often climbed to her side and asked: “Scream, woman, don’t worry!” And she yelled: “Whom did you leave us, bright falcon?” Grandma didn't die in vain...
Agafya's mother, Tatyana, was left alone with three children, a blind mother-in-law and a sick father-in-law. She was forced to get a job at a brick factory in Saratov. The children were taken in by their father's parents, who themselves lived in poverty. The mother of the future singer did not work at the factory for long - she overstrained herself and fell ill. Sick, she lay motionless on a bench, and Agafya paced, as if on a stage, on a Russian stove and sang everything she knew - both village songs and city songs. Everyone was surprised: “Here is a demon, what a memory.”
Agafya was barely six years old when her mother died. The father did not return home. The notice said he was missing. In fact, he was alive, but he lost his leg.
The care of the family fell on Agafya and the blind grandmother. They walked around Saratov and the surrounding villages, sang and “christened”. Agafya sang, screamed like a hare and a frog, and the grandmother lamented: “Orphans, their mother died, and their father sheds blood for the faith, the tsar and the Fatherland, give me a pretty penny.” The speeches were a success. The street songstress was invited even to rich merchant houses. Soon after, my grandmother also died. Agafya was seven years old at that time.
Walking with a bag lasted almost a year, until the widow of an official who died in the Russo-Japanese War paid attention to the talented girl. Taking pity on the orphans, she decided at her own expense to place the children in shelters. She wrote a petition for each, went to the authorities and ensured that all the children were placed.
The eldest was assigned to the best Saratov orphanage at the Kinovian Church, which had its own children's church choir. But since the children of the peasant class were not taken there, and the name and surname of the girl - Agafya Leykina - betrayed her peasant origin, a fictitious letter appeared with a new name and surname: Lidia Ruslanova.
In the church of the Mariinsky orphanage. 1911
In the orphanage, Lydia entered the first class of the parochial school. She was accepted into the choir and immediately became a soloist. She sang at holidays and funerals. The shelter showed not only singing, but also artistic talent. On needlework, which she was not given, the girlfriends did her lesson, just to listen to the composed “outlandish stories” right there, during which one of the characters had to sing.
Choir director paid special attention to Lida. Soon, all of Saratov knew her under the name "Orphan", and those who wanted to listen to her flocked to the temple where she sang. After the Sunday holidays, she returned to the orphanage, and weekdays began - rehearsals, where every wrong note was followed by punishment. Joseph Prut, who heard her singing in 1908 during Passion Week, later described his impressions as follows:
- In the complete silence of the majestic temple, against the fading background of an adult choir, a voice arose. His sound was growing, not for a moment losing its original purity. And it seemed to me that no one, including myself, was breathing in this mass of people. And the voice sounded stronger, and there was something mystical in it, something so incomprehensible ... And I was frightened, having come into contact with this magic, I trembled when I heard the whisper of a nun standing next to me: “Angel! Heavenly angel!..” The voice began to subside, disappearing, it disappeared under the dome of the temple, melted as suddenly as it had arisen.
On the porch of the temple, a one-legged soldier with St. George's cross- Lydia's father and Ruslanova. Both pretended not to know each other, because if it became known that Sirota had a breadwinner, she could be expelled from the shelter. Andrei Leikin, after returning from the front, got married, but did not take the children - he could not feed. At the end of the following winter, he caught a cold, contracted pneumonia, and died in a beggar's hospital.
After the orphanage, Lydia was sent as an apprentice to a furniture factory. For some time she lived with her uncle, worked for different factories. The song helped Ruslanova: "everyone helped me for the songs." Her voice was heard by the teacher of the Saratov Conservatory Mikhail Medvedev. He took Lidia Ruslanova to the conservatory and predicted an operatic career for her. Some students closed their noses from Ruslanova: “You smell of polish,” and Lydia answered them: “I’ll sing to you now, and it will smell like a field, flowers.”
Saratov. Alekseevskaya Conservatory before the beginning of the reconstruction of the building in 1902-12.
The singer studied there for two years, but in the end she decided that she would perform folk songs: “I realized that I should not be an academic singer. My whole strength was in immediacy, in a natural feeling, in unity with the world where the song was born.
In 1916, Lidia Ruslanova went to the front as a sister of mercy, and until October 1917 she served with an ambulance train.
Ruslanov during the years of revolutions and civil war
In 1917, Lidia Ruslanova married quartermaster Vitaly Stepanov, about thirty-five years old, "of the nobility." In May 1917, her son was born. In the same year on the stage of Saratov opera house the first official concert of Lidia Ruslanova took place.
Lidia Ruslanova
After October revolution Lidia Ruslanova went on tour throughout the country, lived in Proskurov, Berdichev, Mogilev, Kyiv and other cities. Family life did not last long: in 1918, her husband left her and left, taking his son with him. Ruslanova was very upset by the loss of her son. All her attempts not only to find, but at least to learn something about his fate, were unsuccessful.
Throughout the entire period of the civil war, Ruslanova spoke to the soldiers of the regular Red Army. Joseph Prut notes that during the civil war, Lidia Ruslanova managed to give countless solo concerts. In 1919, in Vinnitsa, Ruslanova married an employee of the Cheka, Naum Naumin.
Lidia Ruslanova appeared on the stage in peasant clothes - an elegant panev, a warm jacket and bast shoes, her hair was hidden by a scarf. Concerts usually ended with "Saratov suffering", after which Ruslanova majestically bowed to the ground and sedately left. She was called at that time "Saratov bird". During these years, Lidia Ruslanova was engaged in self-education, read a lot, and began to collect her library.
- Walked Civil War when my husband and I began to collect the library. Trade in books was conducted in those years is not quite usual. Second-hand booksellers, students, architects, doctors - people of various professions brought books to Mokhovaya Street in Moscow. Here you could find bibliographic rarities and popular prints, classics of Russian and world literature, albums with views and photographs of all 499 members. State Duma in a luxurious folder, with biographies. By chance, I then managed to purchase the Sovremennik magazine, published by Pushkin, autographed by the poet, as well as a lifetime edition of Alexander Radishchev's Journey from St. Petersburg to Moscow.
Ruslanova in her youth
In 1921 Lydia moved to Moscow for professional artistic work. In the same year, she made her debut in Rostov as a professional artist of the pop theater "Skomorokhi".
In 1923, in Rostov-on-Don, Ruslanova made her debut as pop singer. The first concert was a huge success. Ruslanova was noticed on the professional pop stage and already in the next 1924 she was invited as a soloist to the Central House of the Red Army.
In the 1920s, her style in performance, behavior on stage, and the selection of concert costumes were finally formed. In the theatrical and stage collection, which she collected throughout her life, there were many brightly embroidered sundresses, elegant panyas, plush jackets, colorful scarves and shawls. Several times, Lidia Ruslanova performed in the costume of a noblewoman, but realizing that such clothes were not in harmony with the manner of performing songs, she returned to peasant costumes. In the future, the singer always chose an outfit that best suited the repertoire and tastes of the audience: in front of the teachers she put on a strict Russian dress without jewelry, and when she was going to the village, she chose the brightest outfit.
Rehearsing before the tour
During this period, Lidia Ruslanova made acquaintances and friendships with many musicians, writers, and artists. They, in turn, noted the acting gift of the singer. Lidia Ruslanova herself said about this: “I decided so - as soon as I feel that my voice does not sound, I will switch to tales. I will tell Don tales, Russian epics about Bova the King, about Ilya Muromets, Mikula Selyaninovich, Vasilisa the Beautiful and Ivan Tsarevich ... I know a lot of them, even from my grandmother.
In the 1920s and 1930s, gramophone records became available to the general public. Records with Ruslanova's records came out in huge numbers. Her voice sounded on the radio, which was also rapidly gaining an audience. Ruslanova was especially popular with the military. Among the admirers of talent was Fedor Chaliapin. So in a letter to Alexander Mendelevich he wrote:
“I was listening to the radio last night. Captured Moscow. The Russian woman sang. She sang in our way, in the Volga way. And the voice itself is rustic. The song ended, I only then noticed that I was roaring like a beluga. And suddenly the mischievous Saratov harmonica burst, and the Saratov choruses rushed. All my childhood stood before me. They announced that it was performed by Lidia Ruslanova. Who is she? Probably a peasant. Talented. She sang really well. If you know her, give me a big Russian thank you.”
In 1929, Lidia Ruslanova divorced Naum Naumin and married the famous entertainer Mikhail Garkavi (photo above). Naumin was repressed and died in 1938. Harkavy was outwardly ugly and very obese. At the same time, he was a witty, cheerful, erudite person and was respected among the artists. Mikhail Garkavy was fond of collecting. His example was followed by Lidia Ruslanova. She made a lot of money at the time.
CIn 1933, Lidia Ruslanova worked as an artist of the music and variety department of the State Association of Musical, Variety and Circus Enterprises. In the 1930s, Lidia Ruslanova went on tour throughout Soviet Union: visited the Far East several times, far north, in Siberia, Transcaucasia, in the Urals, in Belarus, she sang in front of the builders of the first five-year plans, collective farmers ... Her voice had great strength and endurance, allowing her to participate in four or five concerts in one evening.
In the late 30s, Lidia Ruslanova was the highest paid artist of the USSR, her voice sounded on the radio and from gramophones, concerts were invariably sold out. She spent the money she earned on collecting paintings by Russian artists, icons, antique furniture, jewelry, porcelain, she loved to dress up beautifully and expensively.
Soviet-Finnish War
In 1939, the Soviet-Finnish war began. In the winter of 1940, Lidia Ruslanova, as part of a concert brigade, went to the front. It was thirty degrees below zero. I had to work in the most difficult conditions. We traveled by railcar, by bus, by plane, by sleigh, and sometimes by skis. Plywood houses were not warmed up with camp stoves, so not only to perform, but also to rest had to be in padded jackets. The artists slept without undressing, with their heads to the frozen wall, their feet to the stove. Many artists couldn't resist. But not Ruslanova. She took streptocide so as not to lose her voice from a cold, and did not miss a single concert. For 28 days, the concert team gave more than a hundred concerts. To support the spirit of the discouraged fellow artists, Mikhail Garkavi and Ilya Nabatov came up with a game called " doss house". Each artist was given a nickname, which was constantly “played out”. Ruslanova herself responded to the name "Lidochka-Streptocide." In those years, our repertoire included not only Russian folk songs, but also works by Soviet composers ... For example, the song "And who knows", published in 1938 ...
Lidia Ruslanova. "And who knows"
From the film-concert "Kinoconcert". 1941 Music by V. Zakharov, lyrics by M. Isakovsky
The Great Patriotic War
From the first days of the Great Patriotic War, Lidia Ruslanova went to the front as part of one of the best concert teams, which also included Vladimir Khenkin, Mikhail Garkavi, Ignaty Gedroits, and other artists. The brigade was led by theatrical figure and director of the Central House of Artists Boris Filippov.
Lidia Ruslanova at a front-line concert. 1941
She received her baptism of fire near Yelnya. I had just finished one of the songs when the Junkers appeared overhead, accompanied by the Messerschmites. Bombs rained down, machine guns crackled, the earth trembled from explosions ... Ruslanova later recalled:
- I look, no one is leading with their ears, they are listening, as in the Hall of Columns. I don’t think it’s fitting for me to sit in a trench, and it’s not worth interrupting the concert either ... In general, I withstood the Nazi raid, and brought the program to the end.
Singer Tamara Tkachenko, who worked in that concert team, recalled that in seventeen days they gave fifty-one concerts. Despite the proximity of the front, the artists did not refuse a single performance. The concerts were a success, the artists were warmly received.
At the beginning of the war, the song "Valenki" appeared in Ruslanova's repertoire, which later became her " calling card". Lidia Ruslanova gave concerts for soldiers throughout the war. Often had to perform in difficult conditions - under open sky in trenches, dugouts, hospitals.
Vladimir Kryukov and Lidia Ruslanova
In April 1942, in Spas-Nudel, near Volokolamsk, where Lidia Ruslanova gave concerts in the 2nd Guards Cavalry Corps, she met Major General Vladimir Kryukov, an associate of Georgy Zhukov. Kryukov was a widower: his wife died in 1940, leaving her husband a five-year-old daughter. Several times Ruslanova, at the invitation of the general, came to the corps. In July, Lidia Ruslanova divorced Harkavy and married Kryukov. Regarding the divorce, she said:
- Well, what to do: I love the general, I love with all my heart, and I feel sorry for Mishka ...
Vladimir Viktorovich, as Lidia Ruslanova later recalled, conquered her by finding antique ladies' shoes with French heels in the warehouse and presented to her: “He took me with this attention of his. What about the shoes? Ugh! I wouldn't give them to a housekeeper." Immediately after the wedding with Kryukov, she went to Tashkent, took Kryukov's daughter, Margarita, settled in Moscow, and then raised her as her own.
Lidia Andreevna with her daughter V.V. Kryukova Margarita
June 28, 1942 Lidia Ruslanova was awarded the title of Honored Artist of the RSFSR.
"Katyusha"
With her own funds earned during the pre-war tour, as Margarita Kryukova testifies, Lidia Ruslanova acquired two Katyusha batteries, which were sent to the First Belorussian Front in the corps commanded by her husband.
In the spring of 1945, Lidia Ruslanova, along with the advancing army, arrived in Berlin, which had not yet been liberated from the Nazi troops. One officer, seeing her on the street, shouted: “Where are you going?! Lie down: they will kill you! And Ruslanova looked at him and answered: “Yes, where has it been seen that the Russian song bows to the enemy!”.
Lidia Ruslanova at the walls of the Reichstag. 1945
The first performance of Russian artists in Berlin took place on May 2, 1945, at the walls of the Reichstag. Ruslanova performed together with Cossack ensemble songs and dances of Mikhail Tuganov. Most of all, the soldiers asked to perform the famous “Boots”, and the singer announced: “And now the “Boots” are not hemmed, the old ones who have walked all the way to Berlin!”. One of its participants, Boris Uvarov, recalled:
- First sang our Cossack choir, then Ruslanova ... A lump in my throat stood up, I couldn’t hold back my tears. But it's not just with me. Heroes, front-line eagles, on their chests closely from awards, wept without shame. And they ordered, ordered their songs - some Siberian, some about the Volga Mother ...
The concert continued until late at night. Georgy Zhukov removed the order from his chest and handed it to Ruslanova. After the concert, Ruslanova put her signature with charcoal on the column of the Reichstag next to the names of the soldiers. Several concerts of Lydia Ruslanova took place in Berlin - at the Reichstag and at the Brandenburg Gate.
The Great Patriotic War became the pinnacle of Lidia Ruslanova's popularity. In total, on the fronts of the Great Patriotic War, she gave more than 1,120 concerts.
On August 24, 1945, Georgy Zhukov signed order No. 109 / n: “For the successful fulfillment of command assignments on the front of the fight against the Nazi invaders and the courage shown, for active personal assistance in arming the Red Army with the latest technical means, award the Order of the Patriotic WarIdegree Ruslanova Lidia Andreevna.
(To be continued)
