home › Brake system › Russian musical culture 17th 18th century presentation. Musical art of the 18th century

Russian musical culture 17th 18th century presentation. Musical art of the 18th century

Musical art classicism of the 18th century. Vienna Classical School Classicism Classicism(from lat. classicus exemplary), artistic style and aesthetic direction in European literature and art of the 17th and early 19th centuries, one of the important features of which was the appeal to images and forms ancient literature and art as an ideal aesthetic standard. In the development of classicism, two historical stage. Growing out of Renaissance art Classicism XVII century developed simultaneously with the Baroque, partly in the struggle, partly in interaction with it, and during this period greatest development received in France. Classicism of the 17th century is characterized by clear harmonious images. Order, reason. The primacy of duty and reason in people's lives.

Pierre Corneille

Jean Baptiste Racine

Nicolas Poussin

Claude Lorrain

Jean-Baptiste

Lully

Classicism 18th century Classicism of the 18th century is quite different. The desire for the ideal, reasonable, harmonious was preserved, but filled with new content. 18 is not accidentally called the "Age of Enlightenment". Reasonable now was seen, first of all, in the equality of people. main theme classicism of the 18th century became the heroic deed of man, the willingness to bring himself into sacrifice for friendship, for love, for the good of others. Late classicism associated with the Enlightenment, approximately from the middle of the XVIII to early XIX century, is associated primarily with the Viennese classical school, prominent representatives which are

Franz Joseph Haydn

Ludwig Wang

Beethoven

Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart

Franz Joseph Haydn (March 31, 1732 - May 31, 1809) - Austrian composer, representative of the Vienna classical school, one of the founders of such musical genres as the symphony and string Quartet. The creator of the melody, which later formed the basis of the hymns of Germany and Austria-Hungary “Here, in the building of the University of Vienna, the music of J. Haydn sounded more than once” ⍟ I. Goethe I. Goethe How everything rejoices, sings and rings! The valley is in bloom, the zenith is on fire! Every one trembles branch leaf, A merry whistle is not silent in the groves. How to fit this joy in your chest! - Watch and listen! Breathe and live! “The world of Haydn's music is very rich. The versatility of Haydn's music, his ability to "joke and shake, cause laughter and deeply touch" was highly appreciated by W.A. Mozart. Haydn and Mozart tied up long years friendship and understanding. Mozart considered himself

student of Haydn and treated him with the deepest respect and love, calling him a father, since Haydn was 24 years older than Mozart.

Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart full name Johann Chrysostom Wolfgang Theophilus Mozart (January 27, 1756, Salzburg - December 5, 1791, Vienna) - Austrian composer, drop-meister, pianist, violinist, clave-sinist, organist. According to contemporaries, he had a phenomenal ear for music, memory and the ability to improvise. “The premieres of many Mozart operas took place here, among them “Abduction from the Seraglio”, “Don Giovanni”, “ magical flute"etc. May 1, 1786 at the Burg Theater with unprecedented success premiere of Le nozze di Figaro. ① ② I. Goethe I. Goethe Lily of the valley finds a shady forest, Strive the bird into the expanse of heaven. And I only need your love She gives me joy and life. My friend, for happiness, loving, live - You will find happiness in your love! Mozart believed that "in opera, poetry should be the obedient daughter of music". Whereas even Gluck tried to subordinate the music to the dramatic action. But one should not think that Mozart did not attach of great importance opera libretto. On the contrary: opera music and stage action are in complete unity. An innovative achievement in opera is the mastery of musical

character characteristics. With Mozart, living people lived and suffered on the stage with unique character traits conveyed in music.

Each character in the opera has its own character, expressed in music. And this character is not set once and for all, but develops as it approaches the finale.

Mood variability is conveyed in music

everyone actor operas. Everyone, even

secondary characters

have their own arias, sonorous, melodic,

easy to remember.

Once, shortly before Mozart's death, a young man of about sixteen came to him and improvised for a long time in his presence. “Pay attention to this young man,” Mozart said after he left. “He’s going to make everyone talk about himself someday.” The young man's name was Ludwig van Beethoven. Ludwig van Beethoven - baptized December 17, 1770, Bonn, Westphalia - March 26, 1827, Vienna, Archduchy of Austria) - German composer and pianist, a representative of the "Viennese classical school". Beethoven is a key figure in the Western classical music between classicism and romanticism, one of the most respected and performed composers in the world He wrote in all the genres that existed in his time, including opera, music for dramatic performances, choral compositions. The most significant in his legacy are considered instrumental works: piano, violin and cello sonatas, concertos for pianoforte, for violin, quartets, overtures, symphonies. Beethoven's work had a significant impact on symphonic music in the 19th and 20th centuries. The symphony, which should have been called "Buonaparte", became known as "Heroic". On April 7, 1805, this symphony was premiered at the Curtnerton Theater

Kartnertor

theater in Vienna

Title page of the "Heroic" symphony

F. Schiller F. Schiller No, there is a limit to the violence of tyrants! When the rights are severely violated And the burden is unbearable, to heaven The oppressed cry fearlessly. There he finds confirmation of rights, That are inalienable and indestructible, How the stars shine for mankind. The old time will return again When equality reigned everywhere. But if all means are tried, Then the sword remains. We have the right to the highest blessings Defend. We stand for the Motherland Stand up for our wives and children! ⍟

"Russia in the 18th century" - At the end of everything, a sweet dessert was served. The first vocational art schools also appeared. Nutrition. From the 60s. 18th century peasant theme will become the leading one in Russian literature. The main conflict of the 18th century in Russia is the conflict between landowners and serfs. The sleeves were decorated with gold embroidery and pearls.

"Culture of Russia of the 18th century" - XIX centuries). Architecture and sculpture. Novelty of development: Section 3. Formation of Russian national culture(ser. The author's program of the special course. The level of elaboration of the development. Andrey Konstantinovich Nartov. Expected results from implementation: Content of the development. Program goal: Program objectives:

"Russian culture of the 18th century" - In 1738, the first Russian ballet school was opened in St. Petersburg. Sculpture in Russia XVIII V. RUSSIAN CULTURE IN THE 18th century Shubin Fedot Ivanovich (1740-1805) - sculptor. Founder of the Russian violin school. D.I., Fonvizin - the author of the comedies "Foreman", "Undergrowth". Ivan Evstafievich Khandoshkin - (1747-1804, Russian virtuoso violinist, composer and teacher.

"Theater of the 18th century" - Thomas Gainsborough Unfinished portrait of the artist's daughters ca. 1759. English theater The 18th century was more concerned with income than philosophical problems. Friedrich Schiller created a play about passionate love and unparalleled cunning. "Mary Stuart". The triumph of the new theatrical form required the construction of a new theater building.

"Culture of Russia of the XVIII century" - Alexander Nikolayevich Radishchev (1749 - 1802). Russian State academic theater Drama named after Fyodor Volkov (Yaroslavl). Tatyana Vasilievna Shlykova - Granatova Proskovya Ivanovna Kovaleva - Zhemchugova. Mikhailovsky Castle. Winter Palace In Petersburg. direction in literature. Painting and sculpture.

"Fashion of the 18th century" - Ladies of the court wore low-cut fitted dresses on a frame base (corset and figs). IN. Borovikovsky Portrait M.I. Lopukhina. Fashion under Catherine II (1762-1796). F.Rokotov I.Argunov Portrait of Markina L.A. Portrait of Sheremetyeva V.P. The transformations of Peter I coincided with the dominance of French fashion in Europe.

In total there are 24 presentations in the topic

slide 1

slide 2

slide 3

slide 4

slide 5

slide 6

Slide 7

Slide 8

Slide 9

A presentation on the topic "Music of the 17th - 18th centuries" (Grade 7) can be downloaded absolutely free of charge on our website. Project subject: Music. Colorful slides and illustrations will help you keep your classmates or audience interested. To view the content, use the player, or if you want to download the report, click on the appropriate text under the player. The presentation contains 9 slide(s).

Presentation slides

slide 1

slide 2

Music of Russia 17-18 century.

In Russia in the 18th century, profound changes took place. The reforms of Peter I (1682-1725) not only affected political structure country, but also had a serious impact on culture. Secular art began to develop. New forms of musical life appeared, borrowed from Europe.

Music accompanied numerous masquerades and balls that were held in St. Petersburg. Peter usually entered the city with great pomp, to the sounds of an orchestra and festive chants. Military and court orchestras included, as a rule, several pipes and horns, stringed instruments. They played at dinners, hunts, walks, etc. The pieces performed were simple. Especially widespread were solemn songs - cantes (from Latin cantus - "singing", "song").

slide 3

In the era of Peter the Great, music became an obligatory part of European education. Noble children were taught music along with other "fine" arts and etiquette. Over time, amateur music-making appeared.

slide 4

In the 30s. a court opera was created, where they played Italian artists. Seria operas were staged on its stage. Gradually, Russian singers from the court choir began to take part in the performances (professional musicians were trained here). Famous foreign composers worked in Russia; it was they who, until the middle of the 18th century, determined musical life capital Cities. The Italian Francesco Araya (1709 - about 1770) composed the first opera in Russian text - "Cefal and Prokris". In 1755 the premiere of the opera took place; performed by Russian singers. In the 60s. there appeared domestic professional composers representing the national music school. They worked in the field of opera, choral and instrumental music.

slide 5

The best masters choral concert 18th century - Maxim Sozontovich Berezovsky (1745-1777) and Dmitry Stepanovich Bortnyansky (1751 - 1825). Bortnyansky's concerts are outstanding examples of Russian choral music. The secret of the charm of his compositions lies in sublime simplicity and cordiality. He created a large number of concerts for different formulations: for one and two four-part choirs, for a six-part choir, etc. Bortnyansky was a comprehensively gifted composer. In addition to sacred choral music, he wrote operas and compositions for the clavier. One of the outstanding Russian opera composers of the XVIII V. - Evstigney Ipatovich Fomin. He received an excellent education in Italy; was a member of the Bologna Philharmonic Academy. His most famous works are the operas "Coachmen on the base" and "Orpheus".

Composers

slide 6

Secular art, especially theater, was considered a sinful luxury. In 1660, the restoration (restoration) of the monarchy took place: Charles II Stuart ascended the throne. artistic life concentrated (as in other states at that time) around the royal court. Charles II, returning to his homeland from French emigration, sought to imitate Louis XIV. The activities of the Royal Chapel resumed; at the English court, the Italian opera company, spoke famous singers and instrumentalists. English musicians again got the opportunity to get acquainted with the achievements of Italian and French masters.

Music of England 17th - 18th century.

Slide 7

Berezovsky Maxim Sozontovich 1745-1777Russian composer Ukrainian origin, worked in the same way
Italy.
Born October 16, 1745 in Glukhov.
He received his higher education at the Kiev-Mohyla Academy, where
started writing his own works.
In 1758 he was sent to Petersburg for exceptional vocal abilities,
where he became a soloist in the Court Chapel of Prince Peter
Fedorovich.
Performed as a singer-soloist ( Italian opera in Oranienbaum).
In 1765-1774 he lived in Italy, where he was sent to
improvement. He wrote a concert there "Do not reject me during
old age" and the Hymns of the Divine Liturgy.
1771 - Passed the exam at the Bologna Philharmonic Academy for
the title of academician-composer.
1771 Wrote the opera "Demophon" (libretto by P. Metastasio),
set in 1773 in Livorno), and, as a result, became the first in
Russian Empire opera composer.
Died March 22, 1777.

Bortnyansky Dmitry Stepanovich 1751-1825

Outstanding Russian spiritual composer.
Born in Ukraine, in Glukhov.
As a boy, he was taken to the court choir. He studied music in St. Petersburg, then was sent to study in Venice. Lived in Italy in 1769-
1779, his operas were staged in Italian interpretations.
Operas: Creon 1776, Alcides 1778, Quintus Fabius 1778.
Upon his return to St. Petersburg, he was appointed "composer
court singing choir", from 1796 - "director vocal music" And
Manager of the Court Choir.
He created about 100 works. in the genre of choral concert "a cappella",
Lenten hymns ("Let my prayer be corrected", "Now the strength
heavenly", etc.), Easter hymns ("Angel crying out", "Lights,
shines"), the anthem "How glorious is our Lord in Zion", many dep.
hymns from the church services (including seven "Cherubic").
Bortnyansky was the largest and the most popular composer his
time, his works were performed by church choirs,
fortress chapels, ensembles.
Bortnyansky paid attention and secular music(opera "Festival
Senior" 1786, "Falcon" 1786, "Rival Son, or New Stratonics" 1787.
He also wrote a chamber instrument. ensembles; romances; choir "Singer in
camp of Russian soldiers "1812, to the words of V. A. Zhukovsky).

Pashkevich Vasily Alekseevich 1742 - March 9, 1797

Russian composer, conductor, teacher, violinist, singer, one of
creators of the Russian national opera.
Vasily Pashkevich entered the court service in 1756, and
was assigned to the staff of the chapel of the court church.
From 1763 he began to play in the "ball music" orchestra (the second
court orchestra of Catherine II).
In 1783, after the success three operas in a row Pashkevich is assigned
the title of "chamber musician", and in 1789 - "concertmaster of the ballroom
music" with the rank of collegiate assessor.
Vasily Pashkevich also led the musical
part of the "Free Theatre", was engaged in pedagogical
activity.
Paul I, after the death of his mother, fired the composer from the court
services. Left without work and livelihood,
Vasily Pashkevich died on March 9 (March 20), 1797, leaving
a widow with a one year old daughter.

Artworks

operas
"Misfortune from the carriage" 1779
"Miserly" 1782
"Tunisian Pasha" 1783
Fevey, libretto by Catherine II 1786
"Fedul with children", libretto by Catherine II 1791
“As you live, so you will be known” 1792
"Unfortunate in love clerk" 1795
Other
"Temple of Universal Rejoicing", music for "theatrical
festival"
"Oleg's initial management", dramatic performance 1790
4-voice spiritual concertos “Now is the time to appear”, “Come
let us ascend”, “Rejoice people and be glad”, “Glory to God in the highest”,
"Hear my voice, Lord"
Choir "Cupid and Psyche" 1793

Fomin Evstigney Ipatievich 1761 - 1800

Fomin is one of the first professional Russian composers, whose work had a noticeable
Influence at further development Russian opera. Fomin's legacy, however, remained little known until
until the middle of the 20th century, when some of his operas were staged in theaters in Moscow and Leningrad.
Born August 5, 1761 in St. Petersburg.
At the age of six, he was sent to the Educational School at the Imperial Academy of Arts, then
studied at the academy itself, where he mastered playing the harpsichord, music theory and composition.
After graduating from the academy in 1782, Fomin was sent to Bologna to improve his
musical skill.
In 1785, under the name of Eugenio Fomini, Fomin was elected a member of the Bologna Philharmonic Academy.
In 1786, Fomin returned to St. Petersburg, where he wrote his first opera, The Novgorod Bogatyr Vasily
Boeslavich" to the libretto of Empress Catherine II. Opera in five acts completed by the composer
unusually quickly - within one month - in the same year it was already staged at the Hermitage Theater
Petersburg.
In 1786-1788 he served in the office of G. R. Derzhavin.
In Tambov, in 1788, the libretto of Fomin's opera Coachmen on the Frame was published anonymously.
In 1788, Fomin wrote one of his most famous operas, The Americans, to a libretto.
19 year old Ivan Krylov. The directorate of the imperial theaters did not accept it for staging, and only in 1800 this opera
saw the scene.
Another famous work by Fomin is the melodrama Orpheus and Eurydice, written in 1791.
In 1797, Fomin was hired as a tutor at court theaters, where he helped singers learn
opera parts.
He died on April 28, 1800 in St. Petersburg.
The scores of “Coachmen on a setup”, “Americans”, “Orpheus and Eurydice”, as well as
chorus from the music for the play "Yaropolk and Oleg" (1798).
The operas "Novgorod Bogatyr Vasily Boeslavich" and " Golden Apple"(the last known work
composer) have been preserved in the form of orchestral parts.

In the 30s. the court opera was created, where Italian artists played. Seria operas were staged on its stage. Gradually, Russian singers from the court choir began to take part in the performances (professional musicians were trained here). Famous foreign composers worked in Russia; it was they who until the middle of the 18th century determined the musical life of the capital. The Italian Francesco Araya (1709 - about 1770) composed the first opera in Russian text - "Cefal and Prokris". In 1755 the premiere of the opera took place; performed by Russian singers. In the 60s. domestic professional composers appeared, representing the national music school. They worked in the field of opera, choral and instrumental music.

The best masters of the choral concert of the XVIII century. - Maxim Sozontovich Berezovsky (1745-1777) and Dmitry Stepanovich Bortnyansky (1751 - 1825). The best masters of the choral concert of the XVIII century. - Maxim Sozontovich Berezovsky (1745-1777) and Dmitry Stepanovich Bortnyansky (1751 - 1825). Bortnyansky's concertos are outstanding examples of Russian choral music. The secret of the charm of his compositions lies in sublime simplicity and cordiality. He created a large number of concertos for different compositions: for one and two four-part choirs, for a six-part choir, etc. Bortnyansky was a comprehensively gifted composer. In addition to sacred choral music, he wrote operas and compositions for the clavier. One of the prominent Russian opera composers 18th century - Evstigney Ipatovich Fomin. He received an excellent education in Italy; was a member of the Bologna Philharmonic Academy. His most famous works are the operas "Coachmen on the base" and "Orpheus".

Secular art, especially theater, was considered a sinful luxury. In 1660, the restoration (restoration) of the monarchy took place: Charles II Stuart ascended the throne. Artistic life centered (as in other states at that time) around the royal court. Charles II, returning to his homeland from French emigration, sought to imitate Louis XIV. The activities of the Royal Chapel resumed; at the English court, an Italian opera troupe gave performances, famous singers and instrumentalists performed. English musicians again got the opportunity to get acquainted with the achievements of Italian and French masters. Secular art, especially theater, was considered a sinful luxury. In 1660, the restoration (restoration) of the monarchy took place: Charles II Stuart ascended the throne. Artistic life centered (as in other states at that time) around the royal court. Charles II, returning to his homeland from French emigration, sought to imitate Louis XIV. The activities of the Royal Chapel resumed; at the English court, an Italian opera troupe gave performances, famous singers and instrumentalists performed. English musicians again got the opportunity to get acquainted with the achievements of Italian and French masters.

French music, along with Italian, is one of the significant cultural phenomena of the 17th-18th centuries. The development of musical art was associated primarily with opera and chamber instrumental music. French opera was strongly influenced by classicism (from Latin classicus - "exemplary") - an artistic style that developed in France in the 17th century. French music, along with Italian, is one of the significant cultural phenomena of the 17th-18th centuries. The development of musical art was associated primarily with opera and chamber instrumental music. French opera was strongly influenced by classicism (from Latin classicus - "exemplary") - an artistic style that developed in France in the 17th century. At the court of the "king of the sun" Louis XIV, the opera occupied an important place. The Royal Academy of Music (the theater where opera performances took place) became one of the symbols of the luxury of the royal court and the power of the monarch.

Popular in category: