Pictures of Levitan autumn day falconers. History and description of the painting "Autumn Day

Artist, Isaac Levitan - the history of the painting "Autumn Day. Sokolniki"

Our reference: Levitan's painting "Autumn Day. Sokolniki" was painted in 1879, is in the State Tretyakov Gallery in Moscow. Isaac Ilyich Levitan was born on August 18, 1860 (August 30, according to a new style) in the Kibarty settlement, near the Verzhbolovo station, Suwalki province, in the family of a railway employee. Painted over 1000 paintings. Date of death: July 22 (August 4), 1900 (aged 39).

Turns out!

"Autumn Day. Sokolniki" is the only landscape by Isaac Levitan where a person is present, and this person was written not by Levitan but by Nikolai Pavlovich Chekhov (1858-1889), brother of the well-known Russian writer Anton Pavlovich Chekhov. After that, people never appeared on his canvases. They were replaced by forests and pastures, foggy floods and impoverished huts of Russia, mute and lonely, as a person was mute and lonely at that time.

How did Levitan meet Chekhov?

Levitan left the Moscow School of Painting and Sculpture without a diploma and a livelihood. There was no money at all. In April 1885, Isaac Levitan settled near Babkin, in the remote village of Maksimovka. The Chekhov family visited the Kiselev estate in Babkino. Levitan met A.P. Chekhov, with whom his friendship continued throughout his life. In the mid-1880s, the artist's financial situation improved. However, a hungry childhood, a restless life, hard work affected his health - his heart disease sharply worsened. A trip to the Crimea in 1886 strengthened Levitan's forces. Upon his return from the Crimea, Isaac Levitan organizes an exhibition of fifty landscapes.

In 1879, the police evicted Levitan from Moscow to the summer cottage Saltykovka. A tsarist decree was issued forbidding Jews to live in the "original Russian capital." Levitan was eighteen at the time. Levitan later recalled the summer in Saltykovka as the most difficult in his life. There was intense heat. Almost every day thunderstorms covered the sky, thunder grumbled, dry weeds rustled under the windows from the wind, but not a drop of rain fell. The twilight was especially poignant. Lights were turned on on the balcony of the neighboring dacha. Nocturnal butterflies fluttered in clouds against the lamp-glasses. Balls clattered on the croquet ground. The schoolboys and girls fooled around and quarreled, finishing the game, and then, late in the evening, female voice sang a sad romance in the garden:

Click on the picture with the mouse to enlarge the painting "Autumn Day. Sokolniki" in full size

That was the time when the poems of Polonsky, Maikov and Apukhtin were known better than simple Pushkin melodies, and Levitan did not even know that the words of this romance belonged to Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin.

My voice is for you and gentle and languid
The late silence of the dark night disturbs.
Near my bed is a sad candle
Lit; my poems, merging and murmuring,
Flow, streams of love, flow, full of you.
In the darkness your eyes shine before me,
They smile at me, and I hear sounds:
My friend, my gentle friend... love... yours... yours!...

A.S. Pushkin.

He listened in the evenings from behind the fence to the singing of a stranger, he still remembered
one romance about how "love sobbed".
He wanted to see the woman who sang so loudly and sadly, to see
girls who played croquet, and schoolboys who drove with victorious cries
wooden balls to the canvas itself railway. He wanted to drink
tea from clean glasses on the balcony, touch a slice of lemon with a spoon, wait a long time,
while a transparent thread of apricot jam drains from the same spoon. To him
I wanted to laugh and fool around, play burners, sing until midnight, run around
on giant steps and listen to the excited whispers of schoolchildren about the writer
Garshin, who wrote the story "Four Days", banned by censors. He wanted
look into the eyes of a singing woman - the eyes of the singing are always half-closed and full
sad beauty.
But Levitan was poor, almost a beggar. The checkered jacket was completely worn out.
The young man grew out of it. Hands smeared oil paint, sticking out of the sleeves,
like bird paws. All summer Levitan walked barefoot. Where was in such an outfit
appear in front of cheerful summer residents!
And Levitan was hiding. He took a boat, swam on it into the reeds on
dacha pond and wrote sketches - no one bothered him in the boat.
It was more dangerous to write sketches in the forest or in the fields. Here it was possible
to come across the bright umbrella of a dandy, reading Albov's book in the shade of birches,
or the governess clucking over her brood of children. And no one could despise
poverty is as insulting as a governess.
Levitan hid from summer residents, yearned for the night singer and wrote sketches.
He completely forgot that at home, at the School of Painting and Sculpture, Savrasov
read him the glory of Corot, and comrades - the Korovin brothers and Nikolai Chekhov - everyone
once they started arguing over his paintings about the charms of a real Russian landscape.
The future glory of Koro was drowning without a trace in resentment for life, for tattered elbows and
worn out soles.
Levitan wrote a lot in the air that summer. That's what Savrasov said. somehow
in the spring, Savrasov came to the workshop on Myasnitskaya drunk, knocked out in his hearts
dusty window and hurt his hand.
- What are you writing! he shouted in a weeping voice, wiping his dirty nose
handkerchief blood. -Tobacco smoke? Manure? Gray porridge?
Clouds were rushing past the broken window, the sun lay in hot spots on
domes, and abundant fluff flew from dandelions - at that time all Moscow
yards were overgrown with dandelions.
“Drive the sun on the canvas,” Savrasov shouted, and already at the door
the old watchman looked disapprovingly - " Devilry". - Spring
missed the heat! The snow melted, ran along the ravines cold water, - why not
I saw it on your sketches? The lindens were blooming, the rains were such as if not
water, and silver poured from the sky - where is all this on your canvases? shame and
nonsense!

From the time of this cruel dressing, Levitan began to work in the air.
At first it was difficult for him to get used to the new sensation of colors. What's in
smoky rooms seemed bright and clean, in the air incomprehensible
way withered, covered with a muddy coating.
Levitan strove to write in such a way that air was felt in his paintings,
embracing with its transparency every blade of grass, every leaf and haystack. All
all around seemed to be immersed in something calm, blue and brilliant. Levitan
called it air. But it wasn't the same air as it is
appears to us. We breathe it, we feel its smell, cold or warmth.
Levitan, on the other hand, felt it as a boundless environment of a transparent substance, which
gave such a captivating softness to his canvases.

Summer is over. Rarely was the voice of a stranger heard. Somehow in the twilight
Levitan met a young woman at the gate of his house. Her narrow arms turned white
from under the black lace. The sleeves of the dress were trimmed with lace. soft cloud
covered the sky. It was raining infrequently. The flowers in the front gardens smelled bitter. On
railroad arrows lit lanterns.

The stranger stood at the gate and tried to open a small umbrella, but he
did not open. At last it opened, and the rain rustled against its silken
top. The stranger walked slowly towards the station. Levitan did not see her face - it
was covered with an umbrella. She also did not see Levitan's face, she only noticed
his bare dirty feet and raised the umbrella so as not to catch Levitan. IN
In the wrong light he saw a pale face. It seemed familiar to him
beautiful.
Levitan returned to his closet and lay down. The candle was fuming, the rain was buzzing,
stations wept drunk. Longing for maternal, sisterly, feminine love
has since entered the heart and did not leave Levitan until the last days of his life.
In the same autumn, Levitan wrote "Autumn Day in Sokolniki". It was
his first picture, where gray and golden autumn, sad, as then
Russian life, like the life of Levitan himself, breathed cautiously from the canvas
warmth and ached in the hearts of the audience.
Along the path of Sokolniki Park, along the heaps of fallen leaves, a young
the woman in black is the stranger whose voice Levitan could not forget.
"My voice for you is both gentle and languid ..." She was alone among the autumn
groves, and this loneliness surrounded her with a feeling of sadness and thoughtfulness.

The painting "Autumn Day. Sokolniki" was noticed by the audience and received, perhaps, the highest rating possible at that time - it was acquired by Pavel Tretyakov, the founder of the famous State Tretyakov Gallery, a sensitive lover landscape painting, who above all put not the "beauty of nature", but the soul, the unity of poetry and truth. Subsequently, Tretyakov no longer let Levitan out of his field of vision, and for a rare year did not acquire new works from him for his collection. The painting "Autumn Day. Sokolniki" is one of Tretyakov's pearls!

Konstantin Paustovsky "Isaac Levitan"

BIOGRAPHY of Isaac Levitan:

The fate of Isaac Ilyich Levitan was sad and happy. Sad - because, as often happened with the poets and artists of Russia, he was given a short life span, moreover, in less than forty years of his life, he experienced the hardships of poverty, homeless orphanhood, national humiliation, discord with unfair, abnormal reality. Happy - because if, as L. N. Tolstoy said, the basis of human happiness is the ability to "be with nature, see it, talk with it", then Levitan, like few people, was given the opportunity to comprehend the happiness of "talking" with nature, proximity to her. He also knew the joy of recognition, understanding of his creative aspirations by his contemporaries, friendship with the best of them.

The life of Isaac Ilyich Levitan ended prematurely at the very turn of XIX and XX centuries, he summed up in his work many best features Russian art of the last century.

Levitan painted about a thousand paintings, sketches, drawings, sketches in less than a quarter of a century.

The happiness of the artist, who sang his song, who managed to talk alone with the landscape, remained with him and was given to people.

Contemporaries left many confessions that it was thanks to Levitan native nature"appeared before us as something new and at the same time very close ... dear and dear." The backyards of an ordinary village, a group of bushes by a stream, two barges by the banks of a wide river, or a group of yellowed autumn birches - everything turned under his brush into paintings full of poetic mood and, looking at them, we felt that this is what we had always seen, but didn't seem to notice."

N. Benois recalled that "only with the advent of Levitan's paintings" did he believe in the beauty of Russian nature, and not in "beauty". "It turned out that the cold arch of her sky is beautiful, her twilight is beautiful ... the scarlet glow of the setting sun, and the brown, spring rivers ... all the relationships of her special colors are beautiful ... All lines are beautiful, even the most calm and simple."

Most famous works Levitan, Isaac Ilyich.

Autumn day. Falconers (1879)
Evening on the Volga (1888, Tretyakov Gallery)
Evening. Golden Reach (1889, Tretyakov gallery)
Golden autumn. Slobodka (1889, Russian Museum)
Birch Grove(1889, Tretyakov gallery)
After the rain. Ples (1889, Tretyakov Gallery)
At the pool (1892, Tretyakov gallery)
Vladimirka (1892, Tretyakov Gallery)
Above eternal rest (1894, Tretyakov Gallery). Collective image. Lake view used. Ostrovno and view from Krasilnikova Gorka to Lake Udomlya, Tverskaya Gubernia.
March (1895, Tretyakov Gallery). Type of mustache "Hill" Turchaninov I. N. near the village. Ostrovno. Tverskaya lips.
Autumn. Manor. (1894, Omsk Museum). Type of mustache "Gorka" Turchaninov near the village. Ostrovno. Tverskaya lips.
Spring - big water(1896-1897, Tretyakov Gallery). View of the river Syezha in the Tver province.
Golden Autumn (1895, Tretyakov Gallery). River Syezha near the mouth. "Slide". Tverskaya lips.
Nenyufary (1895, Tretyakov Gallery). Landscape on the lake. Island at the mouth. "Slide". Tverskaya lips.
Autumn landscape with a church (1893-1895, Tretyakov Gallery). Church in the village Ostrovno. Tverskaya lips.
Lake Ostrovno (1894-1895, village Melikhovo). Landscape from the mustache. Slide. Tverskaya lips.
Autumn landscape with a church (1893-1895, Russian Museum). Church in the village Island from the mustache. Ostrovno (Ushakov). Tverskaya lips.
The last rays of the sun Last days autumn) (1899, Tretyakov Gallery). Entrance to the village of Petrova Gora. Tverskaya lips.
Twilight. Haystacks (1899, Tretyakov Gallery)
Twilight (1900, Tretyakov Gallery)
Lake. Rus. (1899-1900, Russian Museum)

What do other sources write about the painting "Autumn Day. Sokolniki"?

Leaves fall in the garden
Couple circling after couple
Lonely I wander
Through the foliage in the old alley,
In heart - new love,
And I want to answer
Heart songs - and again
Carefree happiness to meet.
Why does the soul hurt?
Who is sad, pitying me?
The wind moans and dusts
Along the birch alley
Tears fill my heart,
And, circling in the garden gloomy,
yellow leaves fly
With sad noise!

I.A. Bunin. Leaves are falling in the garden...

Painting Autumn day. Sokolniki (1879, State Tretyakov Gallery, Moscow) is evidence of Levitan's assimilation of poetic traditions and achievements of the Russian and European landscape and the originality of his lyrical gift. Having captured the alley of the old park strewn with fallen leaves, along which a graceful young woman in black walks quietly (her school friend Nikolai Chekhov, the writer’s brother helped Levitan to paint her), the artist filled the picture with elegiac and sad feelings of autumn withering and human loneliness. A smoothly curving alley framing it with thin yellowed maples and dark tall coniferous trees, humid haze of air - everything in the picture "participates" in the creation of a soulful and holistic "musical" figurative system. The clouds floating across the cloudy sky are wonderfully written. The picture was noticed by the audience and received, perhaps, the highest possible rating at that time - it was acquired by Pavel Tretyakov, a sensitive lover of landscape painting, who placed above all in it not “beauty”, but the soul, the unity of poetry and truth. Vladimir Petrov.

Autumn rainy, but quiet and thoughtful day. Large pines have raised their peaks high into the sky, and next to them on the sides of the alley are small, recently planted maples in golden autumn dress. The alley goes far inland, slightly bending, as if drawing our gaze there. And right at us, in the opposite direction, slowly moving thoughtful female figure in a dark dress.

Levitan strives to convey the humidity of the air of a rainy autumn day: the distance melts in a haze, the air is felt both in the sky and in bluish tones below, under large trees, and in the blurring of the outlines of tree trunks and crowns. The overall muted color scheme of the painting is built on the combination of the soft dark green of the pines with the gray sky, the blue tones below them and in contrast with the warm yellow of the maples and their fallen leaves on the path. Airiness, that is, the image of the atmosphere, plays a crucial role in conveying the state and emotional expressiveness of the landscape, its autumn dampness and silence.

Levitan replaces the subject-matter and detailing of his previous landscapes with a broader style of painting. Rather, it denotes trees, their trunks, crowns, maple leaves. The picture is painted with liquid diluted paint, the forms of objects are given directly by a brush stroke, and not by linear means. This manner of writing was a natural desire to convey precisely general state, so to speak, the "weather" of the landscape, to convey the humidity of the air, which, as it were, envelops objects and erases their outlines.

Contrasting the vastness of the sky and the height of the pines with a relatively small figure makes her so lonely in this deserted park. The image is imbued with dynamics: the path runs away into the distance, clouds rush across the sky, the figure moves towards us, the yellow leaves, just swept to the edges of the path, seem to rustle, and the disheveled tops of the pine trees sway in the sky. A.A. Fedorov-Davydov

An essay based on a painting by student 8A Kochanova Natalia. In his picture Autumn day. Sokolniki Levitan depicted an alley strewn with fallen leaves along which a young woman in black is walking. In this landscape, Levitan showed all the beauty of Russian autumn. It highlights several main motives. In the painting, the artist combines play of gold and opal shades of fallen leaves, which turn into gloomy, dark green colors of pine needles. The gloomy grayish sky contrasts expressively with the road, which contains almost all the variety of shades and colors of the picture. All this creates a thoughtful, gloomy image. In it, as it were, the lyrics of Russian poetry are read. Autumn day. Sokolniki? one of the few paintings by Levitan, which contains deep meaning and an image of thoughtfulness and loneliness. And the image of a lonely, sad woman, very expressively combined with the gloomy image of the landscape, enhances the overall impression of the picture. I really liked this picture.

CHEKHOV AND LEVITAN The story of one painting:

In 1879, an unheard-of event took place at the school on Myasnitskaya: 18-year-old Levitan, the favorite student of the captious old Savrasov, painted a masterful painting - Autumn Day. Sokolniki. The first to see this canvas was his closest friend Nikolai Chekhov.

I'll introduce you to my friend somehow, - I said to Anton the other day, referring to Levitan. - You must like him. Such a thin, somewhat sickly look, but proud! Ooo! An exceptionally handsome face. Her hair is black, curly, and her eyes are so sad and big. His poverty defies description: he spends the night secretly at the school, hiding from the furious watchman, or walks around acquaintances ... And a talent! The whole school expects a lot from him, unless, of course, he dies of starvation ... He is always dressed in God knows what: a jacket with a patch all over his back, thin props from a cunning market on his legs and, you see, rags only set off his innate artistry. You somehow remind each other ... However, you will see for yourself.

So, when I squeezed into Levitan's closet, he listened with interest to the news about the arrival of his brother, and then began to show his summer work. His success has been impressive. Etudes - one is better than the other.

Yes, you worked hard, what is there, unlike me ... Etudes are shining, you caught the sun, definitely. It's not fake. Well, you see, friend, isn't it time for you to move on to nail things?

Levitan smiled mysteriously in response to my words, climbed into a dark corner, rummaged there and put a rather large canvas in front of me. It was that autumn day. Sokolniki, from which, in fact, the list of famous creations of Levitan begins. Who does not remember: an alley in Sokolniki Park, tall pines, a rainy sky in clouds, fallen leaves ... that's all! For a long time I was silent. How did he manage to get used to the most ordinary landscape with such force and convey the sadness and thoughtfulness of Russian autumn through a deserted alley and a whining sky! Witchcraft!

At first I didn’t want to show it ... I don’t know if I managed to convey the dreary feelings of loneliness ... In the summer, in Saltykovka, summer residents threw all sorts of offensive words after me, called me a ragamuffin, ordered me not to hang around under the windows ... In the evening everyone was having fun, but I didn’t know where I was to do, shunned everyone. A woman was singing in the garden. I leaned against the fence and listened. She was probably young, beautiful, how could I approach her to speak? This is not for me. I am an outcast ... - Levitan fell silent dejectedly.

And it seemed to me that something was missing in his picture ...

A female figure, that's what's missing! Let alone walk through the autumn park, slender, attractive, in a long black dress ... I managed to convince Levitan, he reluctantly agreed, I added the figure of a woman.

Painting Autumn day. Sokolniki was shown at the second student exhibition. As usual, all of Moscow came to the vernissage. My brother Anton and I were also there (by that time he had become a medical student). And here is Levitan himself, pale and fussy with excitement. He glanced at his landscape, which hung across three halls. Before the Autumn Day, people crowded all the time. Anton offered to go to the central hall of the exhibition, to compare other paintings with Levitan's canvas, but Isaac resisted. We left him, God be with him, let him worry. Soon Savrasov appeared at the exhibition. Shaking his beard, stepping with a flourish, so that the floorboards cracked, he walked through the halls like a hurricane.

Disgrace, unit! Written with mud, not paint! And full of flies! Craft! Savrasov, an academician of painting, does not understand anything, or he understands a lot, and an artist should keep such rubbish under a closet, close tubs of cucumbers! Can't be dragged to White light! Shame! And bullshit, bullshit!!!

Clumsy, huge in the shoulders, he moved from hall to hall, accompanied by the hostile glances of offended students, and, moreover, professors, from whose workshops bad things came out. Many in the school did not like Savrasov for his directness and temper.

Autumn day. I know. I recognize the alley, wild birds moved south. Cats scratch at the heart. There are many paintings in the exhibition, but the soul is one. Here she is, hearty. Mmm... Five! Excuse me, excuse me, with a minus, with two, but where is Isaac ?! Why did he stick an unnecessary woman into the landscape ?! Where is he?! Where is he?!!!

What is it, Anton? I see that Savrasov has completely charmed you.

Ha ha, really… Wonderful, wonderful, lively, hot, smart. Well, Isaac, you're in luck. Such a mentor! When I watched his Rooks who arrived, I involuntarily thought that only a remarkable person, a clever one, could write such a subtle thing, and he was not mistaken. Glad you dragged me to vernissage. One Savrasov is worth something! How he, how he smashed all sorts of rubbish!

By evening, when the audience subsided, Pavel Mikhailovich Tretyakov came to the exhibition. He examined the paintings meticulously, without haste. The students fell silent, watching the great collector of the best canvases of national painting. Even famous artists dreamed of selling a painting to his gallery. When Tretyakov approached Autumn day Levitan shuddered. But Tretyakov, glancing at the canvas, went on. Isaac did not know how to hide his feelings, he nervously walked around the hall. Well, that's even easier. Now at least everything is clear. Pavel Mikhailovich knows a lot, he understands, he understands...

Mmmm... Poor fellow, completely exhausted, insulting, insulting! I put so many feelings, but I didn’t make an impression ...

Yes-ah-ah ... Listen, Nikolai, let's take him to our place today?

Wonderful!

We will drink tea, Masha and her friends will cheer, the landscape painter will depart little by little, again he will believe in himself.

Very good!

Check this out!

Tretyakov again before the autumn day, returned! I think it sucks! Levitan's name is! Need to go! Quicker! Isaac! Isaac!

Well, good luck.

Since then have a good day Several years have passed since Tretyakov bought the first painting by Isaac Ilyich Levitan. The voices of envious people gradually fell silent, it became obvious that the incident at the student exhibition was not a misunderstanding, that the exceptional talent of the young landscape painter is growing stronger every day. Levitan worked a lot near Moscow, the everyday world arose on his canvases and cardboards. Familiar to all the roads that densely entwine all of Russia, forest edges, clouds, slopes, slow rivers, but there was something unusually fresh in all this, something of its own, and this stopped attention. Anton Pavlovich Chekhov, with whom the artist had an ever stronger friendship, even came up with a well-aimed word - "levitanist". He wrote in letters: "Nature here is much more levitational than yours." The fame of the Artist grew, but it was still difficult for him to live.

It is impossible not to recall the famous painting by Isaac Ilyich Levitan “Autumn Day. Sokolniki. He wrote it in 1879 and to this day it is in a place of honor in the Tretyakov Gallery. Two aspects make this picture famous and exclusive, the fact that this is the only landscape in which the artist depicted a human figure, and the fact that this lonely lady walking in the park was painted not by the author himself, but by his friend, brother famous writer, Nikolai Pavlovich Chekhov. The time of writing the picture was very difficult for our author. After the decree forbidding the stay of a Jew in Moscow, Levitan was forced to move to Saltykovka. All his landscapes of that period are sad and nostalgic.

In the picture we see dark tall pines. They evoke some melancholy and feelings. Small trees grow along the path. Yellow leaves, barely hanging on small twigs through the raging wind. The same wind nailed a shock of leaves to the edges of the path, as if freeing the passage for a mysterious lady. And what is this woman? Maybe it's just a random passerby, walking in the park on an autumn day. And perhaps this is not an accidental woman. Maybe she meant something to the author.

Looking at the picture, you can understand the mood of the author. Those dull colors, the overcast sky billowing from strong wind the trees and the dark figure of a woman speak of his longing. And the very fact that the woman was not drawn by the artist himself gives her even more mystery and mystery.

 Probably a great achievement for Levitan was the recognition of his painting and its place in the Tretyakov Gallery. And although many more works of the author have found their home there, but it is the dark figure of a woman that will always be the first. Many of his landscapes are called musical, lyrical, poetic. So is the picture “Autumn Day. Sokolniki has become an inspiration for many poets and musicians.

Autumn day. Sokolniki

The picture shows autumn and a woman in black. She walks along the path of the park, which is surrounded by golden young trees (the leaves have already begun to fly around), and dark trees are already behind them with a high wall. They are tall and old, powerful at the same time. There are no flower beds.

There is a bench near this well-groomed slightly ornate path. (This is a park, after all!) But, of course, no one sits on it anymore - it's cold. It is possible that it has rained not so long ago, the boards may be damp.

This day is not sunny at all. The sky is gray, the clouds - the sun is not visible. Most likely, it is cool, as the woman cringed a little, as if from cold and dampness. She walks, judging by the flowing dress, quite quickly - this is not a walking step. In general, walking people are no longer visible. Maybe it's just a weekday. The grass is still greenish. There are no birds, no flowers. More precisely, there are darker spots in the grass. They appear to be dried flowers.

The woman's gaze is distracted. She looks sideways. The black dress suggests that she is a widow. For example, she walks in the park with her sad thoughts, with memories of how, for example, she walked here with her parents. However, she has white sleeves and an ornament around her neck. Perhaps this is not mourning, but simply a tribute to fashion. Young woman, no gray hair V dark hair. She still doesn't have an umbrella and some kind of cape, that is, it's not so cold there.

This park is more like well-groomed forest. The path is quite wide. Here you can ride a horse. The path repeats the gray sky. The same strip at the top of the picture. The road goes somewhere in the distance, turns.

The picture is somewhat disturbing. Calm on the outside, but restless on the inside. Very autumnal: both in colors and in mood. It does not cause rejection in me, rather, curiosity.

Description 2

With this picture began the recognition of Levitan, as talented artist. It was bought by Tretyakov for his gallery. And at that time, getting into his collection was tantamount to getting the Nobel Prize now.

The picture shows an autumn park. We see a high sky with large white clouds floating across it. They give the picture a cloudy feel. It's about to rain.

The grass is still green, but not as lush green as in summer. But the path is strewn with yellow withered foliage falling from young trees growing along the path. They stand out strongly against the background of tall pines with their yellowness. Pine trees, like evergreen giants, stand behind the young growth.

A lonely girl is walking along the path. This is so unlike Levitan. On his canvases, people are extremely rare. The girl was painted by a friend of the artist, brother of the writer Chekhov.

The picture is written in sad colors. She reflects internal state artist at the time of painting. The artist was Jewish by nationality. In Moscow, police terror began against them. And the artist was evicted from the city. He began to live near the city in a place called Saltykovo.

He indulged in memories, and reproduced his favorite places on canvas. Upon closer examination of the picture, you can see distinct strokes with which the path and pine crowns are written. And if you move away from the picture a little further, then the strokes are no longer visible. Everything merges together, the picture seems airy.

The brush is sensitive to the mood of the artist. She conveys his anxious state, uncertainty in tomorrow. It feels like you are looking at the picture from the bottom up. Therefore, the sky seems high, and the pines are huge, leaving in the sky.

And the path seems so wide for a lonely figure. This is the path along which the artist himself goes. Where he is going he does not know. Like the woman in the picture. The wind flutters the hem of her dress. It makes her feel even more alone and defenseless. So I want to feel sorry for her.

If you fantasize a little, it seems that you can hear the rustle of leaves on the path, the wind plays with them. The tall pines creak. You can even hear the girl walking through the leaves. They crunch under her feet. And there is nothing comparable to the smell of autumn leaves.

Composition description of the painting Autumn day. Sokolniki Levitan

A real artist is capable of seeing and feeling the beauty of nature, displaying it on the canvas. So did one of the outstanding masters of painting - Isaac Levitan. His painting - Autumn Day showed autumn in all its glory. As if the wings of a bird opened its horizon above the trees. Autumn day drove white smoky clouds over the crowns of trees, where in some places they peep gray shades slightly overcast sky.

A dense array of fir trees seems to guard the path, rushing into the distance, located on both sides of it. And only tall pines, as if slightly swaying their branches, giving out the mood of autumn. And the path between them is surrounded by them, almost evenly seated not far from the curb. Quite along the outskirts of the walking path, small trees grow, already completely with yellowed leaves, densely covering their branches. And alone with nature, a lonely figure of a woman hurries somewhere, or maybe takes a walk, driven by a light breeze fluttering her attire.

In time with this, it is as if the golden trees are waving their branches after her and are greeting her in this park area. They grow on a lawn covered with dense lush green grass with a rare yellowness, which remained in that color when it was still warm, reminiscent of the end of summer. A tidy path, with fallen golden leaves, frame it around the edges. They are so skillfully drawn by the master and give the impression of a golden fringe. The general background of the picture sets the viewer to the perception of autumn as one of the favorable seasons for reflection and quiet walks in nature.

Perhaps this landscape was painted by the author after such walks in the autumn park, where he saw all the beauty of real autumn. A small path in the foreground on the right creeps imperceptibly into the dense forest thicket. The golden beauty of autumn does not at all overshadow the mood accustomed to a cheerful summer. This is what Levitan wanted to express, leaving the right for autumn to be one of the favorite seasons.

The choice of such a plan will not leave indifferent those who love the art of real artists, revered for their tireless work and real reflection of reality, when their work will be admired and admired forever. Just standing and looking at the picture is enough to mentally visit this park and agree with the artist with the charm of autumn.

Days of free visits at the museum

Every Wednesday, admission to the permanent exhibition "Art of the 20th Century" and temporary exhibitions in ( Crimean Val, 10) for visitors without a guided tour is free (except for the project "Avant-garde in three dimensions: Goncharova and Malevich").

Right free admission expositions in the main building in Lavrushinsky Lane, the Engineering Building, the New Tretyakov Gallery, the house-museum of V.M. Vasnetsov, museum-apartment of A.M. Vasnetsov is provided in next days for certain categories of citizens in order general queue :

First and second Sunday of every month:

for students of higher educational institutions of the Russian Federation, regardless of the form of education (including foreign citizens-students of Russian universities, graduate students, adjuncts, residents, assistant trainees) upon presentation of a student card (does not apply to persons presenting student trainee cards) );

for students of secondary and secondary specialized educational institutions (from 18 years old) (citizens of Russia and CIS countries). On the first and second Sundays of each month, students holding ISIC cards have the right to visit the exhibition “Art of the 20th Century” at the New Tretyakov Gallery free of charge.

every Saturday - for members of large families (citizens of Russia and CIS countries).

Please note that conditions for free access to temporary exhibitions may vary. Check the exhibition pages for details.

Attention! At the ticket office of the Gallery, entrance tickets are provided with a face value of "free of charge" (upon presentation of the relevant documents - for the above-mentioned visitors). At the same time, all services of the Gallery, including excursion services, are paid in accordance with the established procedure.

Museum visit in holidays

Dear visitors!

Please pay attention to the opening hours of the Tretyakov Gallery on holidays. The visit is paid.

Please note that entry with electronic tickets is carried out on a first-come, first-served basis. With return policy electronic tickets you can check on .

Congratulations on the upcoming holiday and we are waiting in the halls of the Tretyakov Gallery!

Right preferential visit The Gallery, except as provided for by a separate order of the Gallery's management, is provided upon presentation of documents confirming the right to preferential visits:

• pensioners (citizens of Russia and CIS countries),
• full cavaliers of the Order of Glory,
• students of secondary and secondary special educational institutions (from 18 years old),
• students of higher educational institutions of Russia, as well as foreign students studying in Russian universities (except for student trainees),
• members of large families (citizens of Russia and CIS countries).

Visitors of the above categories of citizens purchase a reduced ticket in general order.

Right of free admission The main and temporary expositions of the Gallery, except for cases provided for by a separate order of the Gallery's management, are provided for the following categories of citizens upon presentation of documents confirming the right to free admission:

• persons under the age of 18;
• students of faculties specializing in the field visual arts secondary specialized and higher educational institutions of Russia, regardless of the form of education (as well as foreign students studying in Russian universities). The clause does not apply to persons presenting student cards of "trainee students" (in the absence of information about the faculty in the student card, a certificate from an educational institution with obligatory indication faculty);
• veterans and invalids of the Great Patriotic War, participants in hostilities, former underage prisoners of concentration camps, ghettos and other places of detention created by the Nazis and their allies during World War II, illegally repressed and rehabilitated citizens (citizens of Russia and the CIS countries);
• conscripts Russian Federation;
• Heroes of the Soviet Union, Heroes of the Russian Federation, Full Cavaliers of the "Order of Glory" (citizens of Russia and CIS countries);
• disabled people of groups I and II, participants in the liquidation of the consequences of the disaster at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant (citizens of Russia and the CIS countries);
• one accompanying disabled person of group I (citizens of Russia and CIS countries);
• one accompanying disabled child (citizens of Russia and CIS countries);
• artists, architects, designers - members of the respective creative unions Russia and its constituent entities, art historians - members of the Association of Art Critics of Russia and its constituent entities, members and employees Russian Academy arts;
• members of the International Council of Museums (ICOM);
• employees of museums of the system of the Ministry of Culture of the Russian Federation and the relevant Departments of Culture, employees of the Ministry of Culture of the Russian Federation and ministries of culture of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation;
• museum volunteers - entrance to the exposition "Art of the XX century" (Krymsky Val, 10) and to the Museum-apartment of A.M. Vasnetsov (citizens of Russia);
• guide-interpreters who have an accreditation card of the Association of Guide-Translators and Tour Managers of Russia, including those accompanying a group of foreign tourists;
• one teacher of an educational institution and one accompanying a group of students of secondary and secondary specialized educational institutions (if there is an excursion voucher, subscription); one teacher of an educational institution that has state accreditation of educational activities when conducting an agreed training session and having a special badge (citizens of Russia and CIS countries);
• one accompanying a group of students or a group of military servicemen (if there is an excursion voucher, subscription and during a training session) (citizens of Russia).

Visitors to the above categories of citizens receive admission ticket denomination "Free".

Please note that conditions for preferential admission to temporary exhibitions may vary. Check the exhibition pages for details.

Painting by Isaac Ilyich Levitan "Autumn Day in Sokolniki" in 1879 is the only one of its kind and happy for the artist!

The fact is that in this picture, for the first and last time in Levitan's artistic life, a man was depicted at work. It was not Isaac Ilyich himself who painted the lonely fragile figure of a woman. In this he was helped by his friend, brother of the writer Anton Pavlovich Chekhov, Nikolai Pavlovich Chekhov.

The history of this particular painting is wonderfully described in the essay by Konstantin Paustovsky "Isaac Levitan".

Levitan did not graduate from the School of Painting, Sculpture and Architecture. He had no diploma, no money. In addition, according to the tsarist decree, Jews were forbidden to live in the capital, and he was evicted to Saltykovka, located near Moscow. There, for the first time, Isaac Ilyich, who was eighteen years old at that moment, began to paint in the air, learning, on the advice of Alexei Kondratievich Savrasov, to convey "air" in the picture.

Since the artist had no income, he was extremely poor and did not consider it possible to communicate with the circle of summer residents who were in the village at that moment.

The young man spent the whole summer in the reeds, on a boat with a sketchbook, trying to convey the summer state of the rural landscape.

Laughter, running children and a young voice singing romances excited the young man. One day he saw his neighbor at the end of summer at a brisk pace, walking past his dwelling. She carried a small umbrella in her hands, and the sleeves of her elegant dress were trimmed with black lace, emphasizing the whiteness of her hands. Longing, inspired by the words of the romance, the beauty of the Moscow region served as an occasion for the artist to write autumn landscape. high cloudy bright sky almost closes at the horizon with a path strewn with fallen leaves. The forest is still dark and the grass is still green, but the young maples planted along the droshky are already shining with the autumn flame of yellow, orange and red leaves.

Memories of a mysterious neighbor forced Levitan to turn to his fellow student Nikolai Chekhov, who inscribed a sad silhouette into the landscape.

The fragile female figure seems so lonely, so small in this endless airy space framed by the mysterious dark wall of the forest. The woman is dressed in black, as if in mourning for the summer.

This painting was the first one purchased from Levitan by Tretyakov for his collection.

All the life of the artist Isaac Ilyich Levitan was under close attention Tretyakov, who often bought his work.

Levitan's work is marked by a special ability to "talk" with nature and show the beauty and charm of completely simple, inconspicuous corners of his country.