Alexander Vasilievich Sveshnikov: biography. Alexander Vasilyevich Sveshnikov: biography State Academic Russian Choir named after

34. Alexander Vasilyevich Kolchak ... Eternal peace is unlikely to please the heart, Eternal peace is for gray pyramids, And for a star that has fallen and fallen, There is only a moment, a dazzling moment ... Do you remember this song from Sannikov Land? I knowingly inserted it as an epigraph. Because on

Sveshnikov Alexander Vasilievich

September 11, 1890 - January 03, 1980

choir conductor, musical figure, People's Artist of the USSR

creative way

A. V. Sveshnikov was born on August 30 (September 11), 1890 in Kolomna (now the Moscow region). In 1913 he graduated from the Music and Drama School of the Moscow Philharmonic Society, and also studied at the People's Conservatory.

From 1909 he worked as a regent and taught singing in Moscow schools. From 1921 to 1923 he directed a choir in Poltava; in the first half of the 1920s - one of the most famous church regents in Moscow (regent of the Church of the Assumption on Mogiltsy). At the same time, he was in charge of the vocal part of the 1st studio of the Moscow Art Theater.

In 1928-1936, he led the vocal ensemble (later the choir) of the All-Union Radio, which he created; in 1936-1937 - artistic director of the State Choir of the USSR. In 1937-1941 - artistic director of the Leningrad Chapel. Since 1941, again the head of the State Choir of the USSR.

In 1944 he organized the Moscow Choral School (subsequently, on its basis, Viktor Sergeevich Popov created the Academy choral art), in which boys of 7-8 years old were accepted and which had the prototype of the pre-revolutionary Synodal School.

In 1948-1975 he was the rector of the P. I. Tchaikovsky Moscow Conservatory.

Memory

• After the death of Sveshnikov, the Moscow Choral School founded by him and the children's choir school in the city of Kolomna were named after him.

Characteristics of creativity and activity

Sveshnikov was a choirmaster and leader of an authoritarian type, but at the same time a true master of choral conducting, who deeply embraced the old Russian tradition. His numerous arrangements of folk songs sound excellent in the choir and are still widely performed today. The repertoire of the State Russian Choir at the time of Sveshnikov was distinguished by a wide range, including many large forms of Russian and foreign authors. The main monument of the art of this choirmaster has remained a magnificent, deeply ecclesiastical in spirit and still unsurpassed recording of the All-Night Vigil by S. V. Rachmaninov, carried out by him in 1965.

Sveshnikov was appointed rector of the Moscow Conservatory during the musical and ideological pogrom of 1948, when the composer Vissarion Shebalin, accused of "formalism", was removed from this position. Holding the post of rector of the conservatory for almost 30 years, Sveshnikov pursued the toughest line, which was a characteristic mixture of orthodox Soviet ideology and state-owned "patriotism" (characteristic of many former artists of national-clerical orientation, who found a new application in the post-war Stalin years " fight against cosmopolitanism.)

Notable students

• Vladimir Nikolaevich Minin - choirmaster, artistic director and chief conductor Moscow State Academic Chamber Choir, People's Artist of the USSR.
• Leonid Nikolaevich Pavlov - Russian conductor, choirmaster, Honored Artist of Russia.
• Viktor Vladimirovich Rovdo - choir conductor, musical figure, People's Artist of the USSR.
• Boris Grigoryevich Tevlin - choral conductor, professor, head of the chamber choir of the Moscow State Conservatory. P. I. Tchaikovsky.
• Stanislav Semenovich Kalinin - choral conductor, professor, head of the department of choral conducting and head of the faculty choir of the Moscow State Conservatory. P. I. Tchaikovsky.
• Mikhail Borisovich Turetsky is the creator and leader of the Turetsky Choir.
• Alexander Alexandrovich Yurlov

Awards and titles

• Stalin Prize of the second degree (1946) - for concert and performing activities
• State Prize of the RSFSR named after M. I. Glinka (1967) - for concert programs choir (1964-1965) and (1965-1966)
• People's Artist of the USSR (1988)
• Hero of Socialist Labor (1970).
• three orders of Lenin (1960, 1966, 1970).
• two Orders of the Red Banner of Labor (1940, 1950)
• medals

Alexander Vasilievich Svechnikov / Alexander Svechnikov
Arrangements for the choir of Russian folk songs.

choir conductor, musical figure, People's Artist of the USSR

A. V. Sveshnikov was born on August 30 (September 11), 1890 in Kolomna (now the Moscow region). In 1913 he graduated from the Music and Drama School of the Moscow Philharmonic Society, and also studied at the People's Conservatory.

From 1909 he worked as a regent and taught singing in Moscow schools. From 1921 to 1923 he directed the choir in Poltava; in the first half of the 1920s - one of the most famous church regents in Moscow (regent of the Church of the Assumption on Mogiltsy). At the same time, he was in charge of the vocal part of the 1st studio of the Moscow Art Theater.

In 1928-1936, he led the vocal ensemble (later the choir) of the All-Union Radio he created; in 1936-1937 - artistic director of the State Choir of the USSR. In 1937-1941 - artistic director of the Leningrad Chapel. Since 1941, again the head of the State Choir of the USSR.

In 1944, he organized the Moscow Choral School (subsequently, on its basis, Viktor Sergeevich Popov created the Academy of Choral Art), which admitted boys of 7-8 years old and which had the prototype of the pre-revolutionary Synodal School.

In 1948-1975 he was the rector of the P. I. Tchaikovsky Moscow Conservatory.

A. V. Sveshnikov died on January 3, 1980. He was buried at the Novodevichy Cemetery (site No. 9).

After the death of Sveshnikov, the Moscow Choral School founded by him and the children's choir school in the city of Kolomna were named after him.

Sveshnikov was a choirmaster and leader of an authoritarian type, but at the same time a true master of choral conducting, who deeply embraced the old Russian tradition. His numerous arrangements of folk songs sound excellent in the choir and are still widely performed today. The repertoire of the State Russian Choir at the time of Sveshnikov was distinguished by a wide range, including many large forms of Russian and foreign authors. The main monument of the art of this choirmaster is the magnificent, deeply ecclesiastical in spirit and still unsurpassed recording of the All-Night Vigil by S.V. Rachmaninov, carried out by him in 1965.

« We often call A. V. Sveshnikov the patriarch of Soviet choral art, and rightly so. Practically, all undertakings in this area did not take place without one or another participation of the Master. His influence is huge. Both by personal example and through his many students" Sveshnikov poured life-giving juices into our choral work, - wrote E. F. Svetlanov.
A very special place in the work of A.V. Sveshnikov was occupied by a folk song. Many songs in Sveshnikov's arrangements are known and popular all over the world: such as the lingering “Oh, you, the wide steppe:”, the burlatskaya “Down the mother, along the Volga”, the comic “In the dark forest”, the dancing “In the forge” and “Oh, all the gossips go home”, the lyrical “Evening Ringing”, the heroic “The Death of the Varyag” are considered classic song adaptations and occupy a worthy place in the performing practice of professional and amateur choirs.

Masterfully made processing by Sveshnikov retain their attractiveness and longevity. concert life, since they are always vocal, they use means of expression choir. But even the most difficult of them, those that creative individuality Sveshnikova manifested itself most clearly, they certainly retain the spirit of the song itself, the birthright of the melody. With all the variety of genres, the polarity of moods and feelings, in long and dance, lyrical and comic songs, the basis of Sveshnikov's choral scores are cantilena, developed voice leading, richness of timbre colors. Each of his compositions has a characteristic Sveshnikov coloring, clear simplicity and perfection.
IN choral arrangements A. V. Sveshnikov, the experience accumulated by generations in relation to the Russian song heritage is revealed. Having absorbed the truly Russian culture and educated by outstanding teachers and composers S. I. Taneyev, B. L. Yavorsky, A. N. Koreshchenko, A. V. Sveshnikov carried through his whole life a deep and quivering love to Russian folk songwriting. " Singing - amazing art , - said A. V. Sveshnikov, it deserves to be considered one of the greatest. The song is Russian history itself, a poetic tale about it, set to music. The song awakens in a person all the best that is in him, makes the most subtle and tender strings of the heart sound and, no matter what he loves, no matter what he is attached to with his soul, always turns his feelings to the Motherland, evokes a joyful feeling of beauty and greatness».

Oh you wide steppe

OH YOU, WIDE STEPPE

(Russian folk song)

Oh you, wide steppe,
The steppe is wide!
Oh, mother Volga,
The Volga is free!

Oh you, wide steppe,
The steppe is wide,
Oh, mother Volga,
The Volga is free!

Oh, yes, not the steppe,
The eagle rises
That river barge
It clears up.

Don't fly, eagle
Down to the ground
Do not walk, burlak,
Close to the coast.

Oh you, wide steppe,
The steppe is wide!
Oh, mother Volga,
The Volga is free!

evening call, evening Bell

Evening call, evening call!
How many thoughts he brings
ABOUT early days in the native land,
Where I loved, where is my father's house,

And like me, saying goodbye to him forever,
There I listened to the ringing for the last time!
I no longer see bright days
My deceptive spring!

And how many are not alive now
Then cheerful, young!
And their grave sleep is strong;
They do not hear the evening ringing.

Lie and me in the ground damp!
A sad chant over me.
In the valley the wind will carry;
Another singer will walk on it

And not me, but he will
In thought, sing the evening bells!

In the forge

In the ku ... in the forge,
In the ku ... in the forge,
In the forge, young blacksmiths,
Young blacksmiths in the forge.

They, they forge
They, they forge
They forge, weld on
Hammers are pounded.

To myself, to myself Dunya,
To myself, to myself Dunya,
Dunya is sentenced to himself,
Dunya is sentenced to himself.

"Let's go, let's go, Dunya,
Let's go, let's go, Dunya,
Let's go, Dunya, into the woods, into the woods,
Let's go, Dunya, into the woods, into the woods.

We'll tear, we'll tear Dunya,
We'll tear, we'll tear Dunya,
Let's pick a burdock for Dunya, a burdock,
Let's pluck Dunya's burdock, burdock.

Under the sa ... under the smallest,
Under the sa ... under the smallest,
Under the smallest spine, spine,
Under the smallest spine, spine.

We sew, we sew Dunya,
We sew, we sew Dunya,
Let's sew a sundress for Dunya, a sundress,
Let's sew a sundress for Dunya, a sundress.

Wear, wear, Dunya,
Wear, wear, Dunya,
Wear it, Dunya, don't stain, don't stain,
Wear it, Dunya, don't stain, don't stain.

By right ... by holidays,
By right ... by holidays,
On holidays, put on, put on,
On holidays, put it on, put it on.

Bell

The bell chimes unanimously
And the road is a bit dusty
And sadly on a flat field
The coachman's song is pouring out.
And sadly on a flat field
The coachman's song is pouring out.

How much sadness in that sad song,
How many feelings in one melody

The heart was on fire.
What's in my cold cold chest
The heart was on fire.

And I remember other nights
And native fields, and forests,
And on the eyes, which have long been dry,
Ran like a spark, a tear.
And on the eyes, which have long been dry,
Ran like a spark, a tear.

The bell chimes unanimously
From a distance it is given slightly,
And my coachman fell silent, and the road
Before me is far, far away.
And my coachman fell silent, and the road
Before me is far, far away.

September 12, 1890, Kolomna, Moscow province, Russian empire- January 3, 1980, Moscow, RSFSR, USSR.

Musical figure.
Hero of Socialist Labor (1970).

Honored Artist of the RSFSR.
People's Artist of the RSFSR (1946).
People's Artist of the USSR (1956).

In 1913 he graduated from the Music and Drama School of the Moscow Philharmonic Society, studied musical and theoretical subjects with A.N. Koreshchenko, as well as B.L. Yavorsky at the Moscow People's Conservatory.

From 1909 he taught choral singing in Moscow schools.
In 1921-1923 he was the organizer of amateur children's choral performances in Ukraine, led the choir. chapels in Poltava. In 1923-1928 he was the head of the vocal part of the 1st studio of the Moscow Art Theater. In 1928-1936, he was the artistic director of the vocal ensemble (later the choir) of the All-Union Radio Committee organized by him; in 1936-1937 - artistic director of the State Choir of the USSR, in 1937-1941 - of the Leningrad Academic Chapel.
Since 1941 - headed the State Russian Song Choir organized by him (later - the State Academic Russian Choir of the USSR). Organizer (1944) and artistic director of the Moscow Choir School.
In 1944-1974 he taught at the Moscow Conservatory (in 1944-1948 he was the dean of the conducting and choral faculty, since 1946 he was a professor, in 1948-1974 he was a rector).
Chief conductor of a number of Moscow song festivals. Organizer and chairman of the All-Russian Choral Society (until 1964), member of the jury of the International Competition named after P.I. Tchaikovsky in the section of vocal art (1966, 1970, 1974).

prizes and awards

USSR State Prize (1946)
State Prize of the RSFSR named after M.I. Glinka (1967)
Three Orders of Lenin (1960, 1966, 1970)
Two Orders of the Red Banner of Labor (1940, 1950)
Medal "For Valiant Labor in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945"
Medal "In memory of the 800th anniversary of Moscow"
Medal "For Valiant Labor. In commemoration of the 100th anniversary of the birth of Vladimir Ilyich Lenin"
Order "Cyril and Methodius" (NRB, 1968)
Honorary Member of the Royal Academy of Music (UK)