The spiritual feat of Sony marmalade. How did Sonya Marmeladova help Raskolnikov realize the gravity of what he had done? (mini essay with quotes) How Raskolnikov told Sonya Marmeladova

Raskolnikov Rodion Romanovich - a poor and humiliated student, main character novel Crime and Punishment. The author of the work is Dostoevsky Fedor Mikhailovich. For a psychological counterweight to the theory of Rodion Romanovich, the writer created the image of Sonya Marmeladova. Both characters are at a young age. Raskolnikov and Sonya Marmeladova, faced with a difficult life situation don't know what to do next.

The image of Raskolnikov

At the beginning of the story, the reader notices inappropriate behavior Raskolnikov. The hero is nervous all the time, his is constant anxiety, and his behavior seems suspicious. In the course of events, it can be understood that Rodion is a person who is obsessed with his idea. All his thoughts are that people are divided into two types. The first type is a "higher" society, and here he also refers his personality. And the second type is "trembling creatures". For the first time, he publishes this theory in a newspaper article called "On Crime". It becomes clear from the article that the "higher ones" have the right to ignore moral laws and destroy "trembling creatures" in order to achieve their personal goals. According to Raskolnikov's description, these poor people need biblical commandments and morals. The new legislators who will govern can be considered "supreme", Bonaparte is an example for such legislators. But Raskolnikov himself, on the way to the "higher ones", performs actions of a completely different level, without even noticing it.

The life story of Sonya Marmeladova

The reader learns about the heroine from the story of her father, which was addressed to Rodion Romanovich. Marmeladov Semen Zakharovich - an alcoholic, lives with his wife (Katerina Ivanovna), has three small children. The wife and children are starving, Sonya is Marmeladov's daughter from her first wife, she rents an apartment "according to Semyon Zakharovich tells Raskolnikov that her daughter went to such a life because of her stepmother, who reproached her for "drinking, eating and using heat ", that is, a parasite. This is how the Marmeladov family lives. The truth of Sonya Marmeladova is that she herself is an unrequited girl, does not hold evil," climbs out of her skin "to help her sick stepmother and hungry half-brothers and sisters, without saying Semyon Zakharovich shares his memories of how he found and lost a job, how he drank away the uniform that his daughter bought with her own money, and how he has the conscience to ask his daughter for money "for a hangover" Sonya gave him the last, never reproached for this.

The tragedy of the heroine

Fate is similar in many ways to the position of Rodion. They play the same role in society. Rodion Romanovich lives in the attic in a shabby little room. How the author sees this room: the cage is small, about 6 steps in size, has a beggarly appearance. A tall person feels uncomfortable in such a room. Raskolnikov is so poor that it is no longer possible, but to the surprise of the reader, he feels well, his spirit has not fallen. The same poverty forced Sonya to go outside in order to earn money. The girl is unhappy. Her fate is cruel to her. But the morale of the heroine is not broken. On the contrary, in seemingly inhuman conditions, Sonya Marmeladova finds the only way out worthy of a person. She chooses the path of religion and self-sacrifice. The author shows us the heroine as a person who is able to feel someone else's pain and suffering, while being unhappy. A girl can not only understand another, but also direct them on the right path, forgive, accept someone else's suffering. So, we see how the heroine shows pity for Katerina Ivanovna, calls her "fair, child", unhappy. Sonya saves her children, then takes pity on her dying father. This, like other scenes, inspire both sympathy and respect for the girl. And it is not at all surprising that then Rodion will share his mental anguish with Sophia.

Raskolnikov and Sonya Marmeladova

Rodion decided to tell his secret to Sofya, but not to Porfiry Petrovich. She, in his opinion, was, like no one else, able to judge him according to her conscience. At the same time, her opinion will differ significantly from the court of Porfiry. Raskolnikov, despite his atrocity, craved human understanding, love, sensitivity. He wanted to see that "higher light" that could lead him out of the darkness and support him. Raskolnikov's hopes for understanding from Sophia were justified. Rodion Romanovich cannot make contact with people. It begins to seem to him that everyone is mocking him and they know that it was he who did it. The truth of Sonya Marmeladova is directly opposite to his vision. The girl stands for humanity, philanthropy, forgiveness. Having learned about his crime, she does not reject him, but on the contrary, hugs, kisses and says in unconsciousness that "there is no one in the world more merciless now."

Real life

Despite all this, from time to time Rodion Romanovich returns to earth and notices everything that happens in real world. On one of these days, he witnesses how a drunken official, Semyon Marmeladov, is knocked down by a horse. During his last words, the author describes Sofya Semyonovna for the first time. Sonya was small, she was about eighteen. The girl was thin, but pretty, blonde, with attractive blue eyes. Sonya comes to the scene of the accident. on her knees. She sends younger sister find out where Raskolnikov lives in order to return the money he gave to his father's funeral. After a while, Sophia goes to Rodion Romanovich to invite him to a commemoration. This is how she shows her gratitude to him.

Father's Wake

At the event, a scandal arises because Sonya is accused of theft. Everything was decided peacefully, but Katerina Ivanovna and her children are evicted from the apartment. Now everyone is doomed to die. Raskolnikov tries to find out from Sophia if she could kill Luzhin, the man who unfairly slandered her, saying that she was a thief. Sophia gave a philosophical answer to this question. Rodion Romanovich finds something native in Sonya, probably the fact that they were both rejected.

He tries to see understanding in her, because his theory is wrong. Now Rodion is ready for self-destruction, and Sonya is "daughter, that her stepmother is evil and consumptive, she betrayed herself to strangers and minors." Sofya Semyonovna relies on her moral guideline, which is important and clear for her - this is wisdom, which is described in the Bible as purifying suffering. Raskolnikov, of course, shared with Marmeladova story about her act, listening to him, she did not turn away from him. Here the truth of Sonya Marmeladova is in the manifestation of a feeling of pity, sympathy for Rodion. The heroine urged him to go and repent for what he had done, based on a parable she studied in the Bible about the resurrection of Lazarus. Sonya agrees to share the hard everyday life of hard labor with Rodion Romanovich. This is not only the mercy of Sonya Marmeladova. She does this in order to cleanse herself, because she believes that she is violating the biblical commandments.

What unites Sophia with Rodion

How can Marmeladova and Raskolnikov be characterized at the same time? For example, convicts who are serving time in the same cell with Rodion Romanovich adore Sonya, who regularly visits him, but treat him with contempt. They want to kill Raskolnikov and constantly make fun of him that it is not the royal business to "carry an ax in his bosom." Sofya Semyonovna has had her own ideas about people since childhood and adheres to them throughout her life. She never looks down on people, has respect and pity for them.

Conclusion

I would like to draw a conclusion based on the mutual relations of the main characters of the novel. What was the significance of Sonya Marmeladova's truth? If Sofya Semyonovna with her life values ​​and ideals had not appeared on the path of Rodion Romanovich, then it would have ended very soon in the painful pangs of self-destruction. This is the truth of Sonya Marmeladova. Due to such a plot in the middle of the novel, the author has the opportunity to logically complete the images of the main characters. Two different views and two analyzes of the same situation give the novel credibility. The truth of Sonya Marmeladova is opposed to the theory of Rodion and his worldview. The famous Russian writer was able to breathe life into the main characters and safely resolve all the worst that happened in their lives. This completeness of the novel puts "Crime and Punishment" next to the greatest works that are on the list of world literature. Every schoolboy, every student should read this novel.

Russian literature XIX century has created a kind of encyclopedia of love. It seems that she told everything about love: shared and unrequited love, passion love, affection love, passion love ...

F. M. Dostoevsky told about love-suffering, love-struggle and love-salvation in the novel Crime and Punishment. And not only about this. Two people met, already formed, with established characters and firm, unshakable convictions. It is difficult to imagine more opposite natures than Rodion Raskolnikov and Sonya Marmeladova. He is desperate, tormented by humiliating poverty, impotence, the inability to help his mother and sister, who has fallen under the influence of the idea of ​​\u200b\u200blaw floating in the air. strong personality, becomes not an ordinary criminal, but an "ideological" killer, to whom, as he believes, "everything is permitted." And she, who also “transgressed the law”, but in a completely different way, sacrificed not someone, but herself, to loved ones. They are antipodes. But chance (or maybe fate) brings them together, and this meeting determines further destinies both. It would seem that there can be nothing in common between them, Raskolnikov after committed crime experiences terrible moral torment, not because he killed, but because he turned out to be a "trembling creature." These experiences separate him from people, even his beloved mother and sister now seem to him alien and hostile.

In this state, he learns Sonya's story. And we, the readers, are shocked with him by the self-sacrifice of this quiet, modest girl. Sixteen-year-old Sonya, almost still a child, knowing about love only from books of "romantic content", could not bear the sight of hungry babies, a drunken father and stepmother's ridicule; “So at six o’clock she got up, put on a handkerchief, put on a burnous coat and left the apartment, and at nine o’clock she came back.” So everyday Marmeladov tells Raskolnikov about the “fall” of his daughter. The new "craft" was disgusting to Sonya, she went out "to the trade", gritting her teeth; with a pathetic, tortured smile, this "great sinner" begged for forgiveness from the Almighty. And so they met: the "ideological" killer and the "harlot". Raskolnikov is drawn to Sonya as an outcast to an outcast, and she ... she took pity on him and fell in love, and having fallen in love, she decided to save him at all costs.

But after all, Raskolnikov doomed himself to suffering himself, and Sonya suffers completely innocently, and he rushes to her "not out of love, but as to Providence." After unsuccessful attempts to bring a humane idea under his crime and thereby justify himself, he finally gains courage and it is to her with the utmost sincerity that he admits: “And not money, the main thing, I needed, Sonya, when I killed ... I had to find out then ... am I a louse, like everyone else, or a man? Will I be able to cross or not!.. Whether I am a trembling creature or have a right!” Sonya threw up her hands: “Kill? Do you have the right to kill?

Ideas "clashed foreheads" already aloud. Raskolnikov stubbornly stands his ground: only one who "has the right" can be called a man; Sonya is no less stubborn - on her own: there is not and cannot be such a right. Raskolnikov's thought terrifies her, but at the same time the girl feels great relief: after all, before this confession, she considered herself fallen, and he, Rodion Raskolnikov, was a man from another world, immeasurably higher, better than her.

Now, when Sonya found out about the crime of her beloved and realized that he was just as outcast, the barriers separating them collapsed. But she has yet to save him, and he, defending his right to dispose of other people's lives, makes her suffer more and more, secretly hoping that she will come up with something acceptable to both, will offer anything but "surrender." But in vain. “Sonya represented an inexorable sentence, a decision without change. Here - either her road, or his.

Here Dostoevsky is inexorable: either the executioner or the victim. Either immeasurable despotism or redemptive suffering. In a furious dispute between Raskolnikov and Sonya, “Sonya’s Truth” nevertheless wins: the “ideological killer” understands that only “turning in confession” can save him from moral torment, from loneliness. The moral law by which Sonya lives, according to the writer, is the only fair one. Author's position reveals that Raskolnikov is "infected" by Sonya's religiosity. He asks the girl to read the legend of the resurrection of Lazarus. On Sennaya Square, having decided "to atone for guilt by suffering, Raskolnikov for the first time for a terrible Lately I felt the fullness of life. “Everything in him softened at once, and tears poured out ... he knelt in the middle of the square, bowed to the ground and kissed this dirty earth with pleasure and happiness.”

It was not only Sonina who won the truth. Her spiritual beauty, her sacrificial love, her humility, compassion and faith won. Contrasting two "truths" - Raskolnikov's individualistic theory, not illuminated by love for a person, and Sonya's life according to the norms of humanity and philanthropy - the writer leaves the victory to Sonechka, with her sensitivity, mental strength, the ability to love. Her love is sacrificial and therefore beautiful, in her, this love, is the hope for the revival of Raskolnikov. I think that when Dostoevsky stated that "beauty will save the world," he had in mind just such a moral, human beauty, which Sonya showed, fighting for her beloved. According to the writer, in Sonechkina Pravda - "the dawn of a renewed future." In one of notebooks Dostoevsky wrote to the novel: “Man is not born for happiness, Man deserves his happiness, and always by suffering,” the writer comes to this conclusion, and it is difficult for the reader to disagree with him.

The largest such contribution was made by Sonya Marmeladova. She helped the hero to understand who she is and who he is, what recognition gives him, why they need to live, helped to resurrect and look at themselves and others in a different way. She was a pretty girl of about eighteen, thin, of small stature. Life was very cruel to her, as well as to her family. She lost her father and mother early. After the death of her mother, her family was in distress, and she had to go to the panel to feed herself and the children of Katerina Ivanovna.

But her spirit was so strong that it did not break even under such conditions: when a person’s morality decays, there is little chance of good luck in life, existence becomes harder and harder, the spirit restrains oppression environment and if a person’s spirit is weak, he can’t stand it and starts to miss negative energy inside, spoiling the soul. The spirit of Sonya is very strong, and in the face of all adversity, her soul remains pure, and she goes to self-sacrifice. The pure, untouched soul in her very quickly finds all the flaws in the souls of other people, comparing them with her own; she easily teaches others to remove these flaws, because she periodically removes them from her soul (if she hasn’t had any flaws yet, she artificially creates them for herself for a while and tries to feel what instincts tell her to do).

Outwardly, this is manifested in her ability to understand other people and sympathize with them. She pities Katerina Ivanovna for her stupidity and unhappiness, her father, who is dying and repenting before her. Such a girl attracts the attention of many people, makes (including herself) respect herself. Therefore, Raskolnikov decided to tell her about his secret, and not Razumikhin, Porfiry Petrovich, or Svidrigailov. He suspected that she would wisely assess the situation and make a decision. He really wanted someone else to share his suffering, wanted someone to help him go through life, to do some work for him. Having found such a person in Sonya, Raskolnikov made the right choice: she was the most beautiful girl who understood him and came to the conclusion that he was just as unhappy a person as she was, that Raskolnikov had not come to her in vain. And such a woman is also called "a girl of notorious behavior." (Here Raskolnikov realized the inaccuracy of his theory in this). That is what Luzhin calls her, being vile and selfish himself, not understanding anything in people, including Sonya, that she behaves in a humiliating way for herself only out of compassion for people, wanting to help them, to give at least for a moment a feeling of happiness .

All her life she has been self-sacrifice, helping other people. So, she helped Raskolnikov too, she helped him rethink himself, that his theory was also wrong, that he had committed a crime in vain, that he needed to repent of it, to confess everything. The theory was wrong, because it is based on the division of people into two groups according to external signs, and those rarely express the whole person. A prime example is the same Sonya, whose poverty and humiliation do not fully reflect the whole essence of her personality, whose self-sacrifice is aimed at helping other distressed people. She really believes that she resurrected Raskolnikov and is now ready to share his punishment in hard labor. Its “truth” is that in order to live life with dignity and die with the feeling that you were a great person, you need to love all people and sacrifice yourself for others.

Raskolnikov understands that such a life cannot be called normal. He wants to understand how to break out of the social bottom, how to become a "ruler" over the "trembling creature", over the "crowd". Raskolnikov does not want to classify himself as one who is not able to change his life, and therefore, wondering whether I am a louse, like everyone else, or a person, he decides to test himself in practice. I believe that in condemning helpless people who do not dare to change their lives, the hero of the novel was right. His truth is that he himself tried to find a path that would lead to changes for the better.

And Raskolnikov found him. He believes that this path is a crime. Why exactly a crime, especially murder? In Raskolnikov, an individualistic rebellion is ripening, which was a consequence of his theory of the superman. According to this theory, all people are divided into “ordinary” and “extraordinary”, according to Raskolnikov, “... into material that serves only for the birth of their own kind, and actually into people, that is, who have the gift or talent to say new things in their environment. word". According to the protagonist, in order to benefit humanity, "extraordinary" people have the right to "step over ... over other obstacles, and only if the execution ... of the idea requires it." Raskolnikov believed that these people "must, by their nature, be by all means criminals." Thus, he justified the crime if it was committed for some noble purpose.

On the basis of this theory, the main character of the novel began to emerge and the idea of ​​a crime. Raskolnikov asked questions: “Will I dare to transgress or not be able to! Am I a trembling creature, or do I have the right ... ”And he decides to commit a crime. He allows himself to kill a "stupid, senseless, insignificant, evil, sick ... old woman", take her money and make amends for this "tiny crime with thousands of good deeds."

Raskolnikov is a murderer in theory. In his crime, he was deeply wrong. First of all, the very theory of this man was false. But, in my opinion, the most important thing that Raskolnikov was mistaken about was that, having already committed the murder, he did not consider it a crime, he justified himself and did not feel guilty. Confessing to Sonya Marmeladova, he says: “I only killed a louse, useless, nasty, malicious.” And then he adds: “The devil killed the old woman, not me.” Raskolnikov says this because it is not the old woman that worries him, not Lizaveta, whom he only remembered a couple of times - he is worried that he "killed himself."

He continues to consider the crime itself as something insignificant, calls it "just awkwardness." And this is evidenced by the words of Raskolnikov addressed to his sister: “And yet I won’t look with your eyes: if I succeeded, they would crown me, and now I’m in a trap!” Having committed a crime, Raskolnikov opposed himself to those around him. And I think he was right to confess to the murder. He had no other choice, and he felt it.

In his novel Crime and Punishment, F. M. Dostoevsky condemns and punishes the theory of the superman, while exposing both the ideas of Raskolnikov and the conditions of Russian reality that brought these ideas to life.

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The epilogue of the work "Crime and Punishment" reveals the events that occurred after the trial and sentence. The author of the novel describes the criminal, which changes throughout the story. Particular emphasis is placed on the gradual change in the relationship between Raskolnikov and Spiritual degeneration or spiritual rebirth - what awaits the criminal in prison?

Raskolnikov in prison

At the trial, circumstances mitigating Raskolnikov's guilt were taken into account. Some episodes from his past served as such circumstances, which indicated that he was not a hardened villain.

For example, during his studies, he spent the last money on caring for a fellow student who was ill with consumption. Subsequently, he transferred his worries to the father of the deceased comrade and even buried him at his own expense.

Risking his life, he saved young children from a fire and received severe burns. The court did not see self-interest in his crime, because he did not use the money stolen from the old woman. Immediately after the crime, in order to get rid of terrible thoughts, he hid them under a stone, without even asking how much money was in the wallet of the murdered pawnbroker.

Considering all these circumstances, the court considered that at the time of the commission of the crime the defendant was in a state of temporary insanity. He received a sentence - 8 years hard labor.

The inner state of the hero

Having spent almost a year and a half in prison, he was in a state of hopeless apathy and indifference to everything that surrounded him.

His indifference extended to himself. He was indifferent to what he ate or drank, he did not show any interest in his comrades in misfortune, he even shunned them.

Fully aware of what had happened to him, he no longer saw in life any hopes and prospects for the future. Therefore, he treated his own position without emotions, watching himself from the side, as if he were someone else.

During this time, Raskolnikov's mother died in St. Petersburg, never knowing what really happened to her son. Anticipating something was wrong, she constantly waited for news from her son, but she was assured that he had gone abroad for a long time.

The sister married Razumikhin, who later planned to move closer to the place where Raskolnikov was serving his sentence.

Having inherited his money after the death of Svidrigailov, she followed her beloved. She settled in the city where the jail for prisoners was located, and began to visit Raskolnikov.

Sonya and Raskolnikov

At first, not wanting to have any more illusions about his position, he treated Sonia's visits coldly and even arrogantly. They annoyed him and seemed unnecessary and intrusive.

But when Sonya, for some reason, could not visit him, Raskolnikov began to feel emptiness and vague longing. An analysis of the epilogue of Crime and Punishment shows well the change in Raskolnikov's attitude towards Sonechka.

Due to the state of detachment in which Raskolnikov was in prison, much passed by his attention. Over time, he clearly understood that the convicts, one of whom was himself, did not at all consider him to be “their own”.

The prisoners, on the contrary, avoided him, were afraid, called him an atheist. As a result, their attitude towards him resulted in unconscious hatred, which almost ended in the death of Raskolnikov.

Convicts and Sonya

The prisoners loved Sonya, without being fully aware of why. They liked everything about her, from her gentle smile to her small stature and thin physique.

Meanwhile, Sonya could not do anything particularly valuable for them, she had no opportunity to help them with money or food. But the convicts loved her for something completely different, for something that in their position was valued more than food and clothing.

Sonya did not see the pariahs of society in convicts, outcasts and dead for the world. In each of them she saw a person - God's creation, worthy of love, compassion and understanding. She became a close friend for many of them.

Relatives and wives of the prisoners left parcels with her for delivery to their husbands and brothers. For those prisoners who were not literate, Sonya helped write letters home. An analysis of the epilogue of Crime and Punishment gives us the opportunity to see a kind, sympathetic soul in a small and thin creature.

Understanding the severity and senselessness of the crime committed, repentance for his own pride and "Napoleonic" ambitions would bring him consolation.

He passionately desired this repentance, because then all his torments in prison would have made sense. He wanted to come to an understanding that he had committed a terrible deed, overstepped all spiritual and moral prohibitions and suffered a well-deserved punishment for this.

But, alas, this understanding did not come to him and made existence unbearable. The only thing he regretted and reproached himself for was that he could not bear the burden of guilt for the crime and came to the investigator with a confession.

Crucial moment

Constant nervous tension gradually provoked his development mental illness. One day, in a painful delirium, he had a dream that frightened him and shifted something in his mind.

In that dream, people who considered themselves carriers went crazy and died. Only a few survived, those who did not contract this terrible virus. The world was falling into the abyss, and there was no salvation for anyone.

The role of the epilogue "Crime and Punishment" can hardly be overestimated after the description of such an allegorical dream in which the world splits into sinners and the righteous.

Having recovered and returned to work, Raskolnikov learns that Sonya is now sick, and this caused him anxiety and panic. He begins to vaguely realize that Sonya is that invisible thread that still connects his world plunged into darkness with the human principle. He understands that, having lost her, he will finally and forever lose and ruin himself.

They meet after Sonya's illness, and then Raskolnikov for the first time takes her hand in his own and cannot let go. An incomprehensible impulse makes him, in tears, throw himself on his knees before Sonya.

Sonya, frightened by such a manifestation of feelings, was dumbfounded at first. But almost immediately a happy realization came to her that Raskolnikov loved her endlessly.

An analysis of the epilogue "Crime and Punishment" makes one believe that now the fates of these people are woven into one. And ahead of them is difficult, but joyful way to resurrection into a new life.

Origins of crime

The theory in Crime and Punishment is expressed by Raskolnikov through an article that he wrote under the influence of his environment.

Being essentially a real humanist, sensitive to any injustice, he is very worried about everything that he is a witness to.

Extreme poverty, a miserable gloomy closet in which he feels buried alive, the absence of friendly support and work that would somehow support his existence. All this gradually plunges him into the dark world of his own illusions and ideas.

Petersburg with its stuffiness, dust and stench suffocates him like a sack thrown over his head. On the streets of the city, he encounters the social “bottom” of society: beggars, drunkards, mentally ill people, parents crushed by poverty, unfortunate destitute children.

The thought of an unfair world order haunts him, drives him crazy, gives rise to despair and misunderstanding in his soul. The deepest line that lies between the poor and the rich is so insurmountable that Raskolnikov cannot come to terms with these terrible realities. He is ready to help all mankind stop suffering even at the cost of their own well-being.

Theory in "Crime and Punishment" from the mouth of a hero

Involuntarily, being at the epicenter of human suffering, sympathizing with the oppressed and destitute with all his heart, he comes to a concept that is frightening in its essence, idea.

In his article, he develops the idea of ​​two opposite types of people. Raskolnikov divides them into "ordinary" and those who are not afraid to say a "new word" in the current social world order.

Its idea is based on the "Napoleonic" complex and says that great people, brilliant loners are above human judgment and human laws. For the sake of a good goal, a person should not limit himself in the means to achieve it. Raising himself above human morality, he makes an insane statement. Its essence is that even a crime is not considered as such if it is aimed at achieving a higher goal.

Ranking himself among the category of "extraordinary" people and being influenced by his idea, he plans to kill the old pawnbroker. The life of a greedy old woman has no value in his eyes, but with her money he plans to do a lot of good for all those in need. The thought of pulling his family out of the quagmire of poverty fuels his decision.

Life after crime

After committing the murder of an old woman and her sister, recognizing all his actions as correct, the criminal finds himself no longer able to live life. ordinary person. Having overcome the line that separates good from evil, he dooms himself to unbearable moral suffering. The understanding comes to him that, having committed violence, he automatically ranked himself in the same category of society that he hated so much. He himself has become one who can inflict evil with impunity on the weaker and defenseless. An analysis of the epilogue of "Crime and Punishment" makes one understand how low the one who dreamed of flying so high fell.

Having crossed the forbidden line, he painfully realizes that he has broken himself as a person. Raskolnikov begins to understand that the violence he committed against the two sisters, first of all, he committed against his inner nature and morality.

It is this - moral suicide and the inability to get involved in the usual life - that drives him crazy. He cannot help feeling completely isolated from the "ordinary" world of people. Crime and punishment are problems that do not leave him alone day or night.

He realizes that by killing the old woman, he did not solve any of the world's problems. Without repenting of what he has done, he is simply tormented by the realization of the senselessness of the crime. After all, it turned out that if he somehow changed the world, then only his own.

With his own hands, he turned his world away from the light towards pitch darkness, in which he will now have to live. Without freeing a single person from the shackles of poverty and despair, he at the same time plunged himself into the very heart of darkness. A hostage of his own idea, he turned into a living dead.

"Crime and Punishment" is a story about how easy it is to lose one's soul, and at the cost of what a great feat a person is able to find himself again.

Epilogue Analysis: Crime and Punishment

The epilogue can clarify a lot in the very personality of the writer. Dostoevsky the idea of ​​creating psychological novel"came at a time when he himself was serving hard labor and was under the influence of the Christian concept that only love and forgiveness will save the world. Crime and punishment are the problems of society.

What did the author want to put into the epilogue of the novel "Crime and Punishment"? Why is Raskolnikov reborn to a new life? What gives it a boost? Only if horrible dream about the virus of insanity that struck people, which pushed him to fall into Sonya's lap?

No, the rebirth of the hero began from the very beginning of the novel. It was born both in those 13 days that he dreamed of murder, and in those one and a half years that he spent in mental turmoil in prison. All this time, Raskolnikov's soul, like a lost child, rushed about in search of a way out of the labyrinth of black, suffocating thoughts and ideas.

And then there was the next push - the death of the mother. And then a scene in the church that is terrible in its essence and unnatural for supporters of Christianity. The church is a holy place where, by definition, one cannot raise a hand even against a hardened killer. But after all, it was in the church that “fellow convicts” were ready to kill Raskolnikov, without themselves realizing that this man had done such a bad thing to them.

Faced with the death of his mother, looking into the face of his own death and panicking about the death of Sonya, who suddenly fell ill, Rodion begins to change in his soul.

An analysis of the epilogue of Crime and Punishment makes it clear that the process of rebirth is ripening somewhere in the recesses of his soul. Ripens long and hard, imperceptibly for himself. And then, in an instant, an epiphany occurs: he, crying, throws himself on his knees in front of Sonya. And they are silent.

They just look at each other and understand that now all the bad things are behind them. Readers also understand that it was not Raskolnikov who made Sonya a supporter of his “dream”, but Sonya converted him to her faith.

It is not pride and contempt for the human race at the expense of self-exaltation, but precisely the all-forgiving Christian love that should eventually transform the world. An analysis of the epilogue makes it possible to understand that a person without a signal beacon inside can very easily turn towards the gloomy side, fall under the influence of evil forces.

The beacon that determines where the light is and where the darkness is is God - the source of all-encompassing and all-forgiving love.

Dostoevsky "Crime and Punishment": epilogue

Crime and punishment - the meaning of the work. There is never one without the other. And Dostoevsky wanted to convey to the readers the idea that no one will judge you for your crime more severely and mercilessly than your conscience. Even if you escape punishment from people, then not a single most remote corner of the Universe will hide you from the punishment of conscience.

The meaning of the epilogue "Crime and Punishment" is that no evil deed can be committed in the name of good. Sonya, personifying Christian humility, selfless and towards people, is opposed to Raskolnikov with his idea of ​​​​the lack of jurisdiction of an “extraordinary” personality.

His theory that a great goal aimed at a good cause can be achieved by unworthy means is refuted.

Crime is not the worst. The worst thing is punishment. To put it more precisely - self-punishment, self-destruction after a person transgresses both the laws of society and the laws of his own conscience. Man, crime and punishment are the three main keys of the novel. The most important key is punishment.

Therefore, in the novel, only the first part is devoted to the crime itself. All subsequent ones are descriptions of the punishment that awaits the criminal not so much from people as from the court of his own conscience.

What saves the hero is not his idea of ​​dividing people into “two groups”, but Sonya’s love, which “infects” him with hers and that every person is worthy of divine love.

The epilogue of the novel "Crime and Punishment" suggests that Sonya and Raskolnikov are now one whole and indivisible core. And together they will overcome the difficult road to renewal and happiness. "Crime and Punishment" is the story of a man who lost himself because of his own pride and regained himself through love.

One of the main characters of the novel by F.M. Dostoevsky's "Crime and Punishment" is Sonya Marmeladova - a girl forced to work "on a yellow ticket" in order to save her family from starvation. It is to her that the author assigns the most important role in the fate of Raskolnikov.

Sonya's appearance is described in two episodes. The first is the scene of the death of her father, Semyon Zakharych Marmeladov: “Sonya was short, about eighteen years old, thin, but rather pretty blonde ... She was also in tatters, her outfit was decorated in a street style ... with a bright and shamefully prominent goal. "

Another description of her appearance appears in the scene of Sonechka's acquaintance with Dunya and Pulcheria Alexandrovna: “it was a modest and even poorly dressed girl, very young, almost like a girl ... with a clear, but frightened face. She was wearing a very simple house dress ... ". Both of these portraits are strikingly different from each other, which reflects one of the key features Sonya's character is a combination of spiritual purity and moral decline.

Sony's life story the highest degree tragic: unable to indifferently watch her family die of hunger and poverty, she voluntarily went to the humiliation and received a “yellow ticket”. Sacrifice, boundless compassion and selflessness forced Sonechka to give all the money she earned to her father and stepmother Katerina Ivanovna.

Sonya has many wonderful features of a human character: mercy, sincerity, kindness, understanding, moral purity. She is ready to look for something good, bright in every person, even in those who are not worthy of such an attitude. Sonya knows how to forgive.

She has an endless love for people. This love is so strong that Sonechka is determined to consciously give all of herself for them.

Such faith in people and a special attitude towards them ("This man is a louse!") Is largely associated with Sonya's Christian worldview. Her faith in God and the miracle emanating from him truly has no boundaries. “What would I be without God!” In this regard, she is the opposite of Raskolnikov, who opposes her with his atheism and the theory of "ordinary" and "extraordinary" people. It is faith that helps Sonya to maintain the purity of her soul, to protect herself from the dirt and vice surrounding her; it is not for nothing that almost the only book she has read more than once is the New Testament.

One of the most significant scenes in the novel that influenced later life Raskolnikov, is an episode of joint reading of an excerpt from the Gospel about the resurrection of Lazarus. “The cigarette end has long been extinguished in a crooked candlestick, dimly illuminating in this beggarly room the murderer and the harlot, who strangely came together reading the eternal book ...”.

Sonechka plays a crucial role in the fate of Raskolnikov, which is to revive his faith in God and return to the Christian path. Only Sonya was able to accept and forgive his crime, did not condemn and was able to induce Raskolnikov to confess to his deed. She went with him all the way from recognition to hard labor, and it was her love that was able to return him to the true path.

Sonya has shown herself to be a determined and active person, able to make difficult decisions and follow them. She convinced Rodion to report on himself: “Get up! Come now, this very minute, stand at the crossroads, bow down, first kiss the earth that you have desecrated, and then bow to the whole world ... ".

In hard labor, Sonya did everything to alleviate the fate of Raskolnikov. She becomes a well-known and respected person, she is addressed by her first name and patronymic. The convicts loved her for good relations to them, for selfless help- because Raskolnikov does not yet want or cannot understand. At the end of the novel, he finally realizes his feelings for her, realizes how much she suffered for him. “How can her beliefs now not be mine? Her feelings, her aspirations at least…”. So Sonya's love, her dedication and compassion helped Raskolnikov to begin the process of becoming on the true path.

The author embodied in the image of Sonya the best human qualities. Dostoevsky wrote: "I have only one moral model and ideal - Christ." Sonya became for him a source of his own beliefs, decisions dictated by his conscience.

Thus, thanks to Sonechka, Raskolnikov managed to find new meaning life and regain the lost faith.