Gratitude Arguments. Arguments for the Problem of Gratitude from Fiction and Cinematography
What makes a person feel grateful towards loved ones? Why do we feel indebted to our families? It is these questions that arise when reading the text of the famous nineteenth-century Russian surgeon N. I. Pirogov.
Revealing the problem of gratitude to close people, a sense of duty to them, the author relies on his own reflections. In his opinion, to be truly grateful means to benefit the one who once did us a good deed. Gratitude is the sacred duty of everyone. With regret, the author writes that more than once he had a firm intention to thank - but fate prevented this.
He dreamed of thanking the mother-in-law of Professor Moyer, in whose family he was adopted as a native. The narrator's most sacred duty was to his mother and two sisters, who supported him after his father's death so that he could study at the university. Now he is very sorry that he was not grateful to these three selfless women who did so much for him.
The author's position is as follows: close people support us in Hard time, extend a helping hand to us, therefore we consider it our duty to show gratitude in response to the good deed rendered to us.
We can find an example of gratitude in the story of K. G. Paustovsky "Telegram". Watchman Tikhon learned as a boy famous artist who came to permanent residence in the fence. Remembering the good that the artist did to him, he helped his daughter Katerina Petrovna all his life, who lived out her days alone in her father's memorial house. He also taught the neighbor girl Manyushka to be grateful, advised her not to be a "kestrel" and to repay kindness with kindness. It is only a pity that the only daughter of Katerina Petrovna did not understand this simple truth and did not show gratitude to her own mother.
Let's take one more argument. In V. Bykov's story "Obelisk", Pavel Miklashevich felt gratitude to his teacher Ales Moroz all his life. The teacher defended his pupil from the assault of his father in Peaceful time, and during the war he saved him from execution, diverted the attention of the guards for a moment, and Pavlik was able to escape from the Germans and policemen. After the war, Miklashevich became a teacher, continuing the work of his teacher. He achieved the restoration of the good name of Frost, who was accused of betrayal. Pavel fulfilled his sacred duty to his beloved teacher.
We came to the conclusion that gratitude is high moral quality. It manifests itself when we remember the good done for us, and we answer the same, seeing it as our duty.
When good man receives help from someone, be it close people, friends, strangers, he does not want to remain in debt and, first of all, he is looking for an opportunity to thank the one who turned out to be indifferent. In this text, N. I. Pirogov raises the problem of gratitude to close people, a sense of duty to them.
The author tells us about several cases in his life when he failed "to be grateful precisely where gratitude was a sacred duty", although he says: "In my heart I have never been ungrateful." Pirogov was adopted in the Moyer family as a native, and he involuntarily remained in debt. But most of all, the author is concerned about the debt of gratitude to his mother and sisters, who helped him survive during his student days. Nikolai Ivanovich regrets that he could not express his gratitude to loved ones in time for kind and disinterested deeds.
But sometimes it's not so easy to do what you want to do.
I fully agree with the author and believe that a person, expressing his gratitude, first of all shows his respect for the merits of people who did not refuse to lend a hand. Anyone who has been able to accept help must be able to do something in return.
The problem under discussion is so important that many writers raised it in their works, for example, K. Paustovsky in the "Telegram". The girl Nastya, spinning about her business, completely forgot about her mother, who is already old and is about to die. Nastya, of course, is a good and kind girl, but, unfortunately, circumstances did not make it possible to see in last time mother who did so much for her. Katerina Petrovna died without hearing words of gratitude from her daughter.
This problem was also touched upon by I. A. Goncharov in the novel Oblomov. Ilya Ilyich Oblomov is a young man who has lost interest in life: he sits at home, does not go anywhere, throws off all his worries to the servants. Fortunately, he has a friend Stolz, who is trying to "push" Ilya Ilyich, often visits him. Oblomov, out of a feeling of great gratitude, gets out of bed, joins life and even falls in love.
I. A. Goncharov clearly showed what true friendship and gratitude are.
Thus, the ability to support loved one and to help him with something makes it possible to survive even the most difficult situations but don't forget to say thank you for your help.
Updated: 2017-03-19
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Useful material on the topic
Ingratitude is moral problem relating to many people, so it is often found in texts to prepare for the exam. In this collection, we have presented several literary examples on this issue. All of them are available for download in table format.
- Ivan Sergeevich Turgenev, Fathers and Sons. Nikolai Petrovich Kirsanov alone raised his son Arkady and tried his best to give his son all the best. Arkady respects him and feels gratitude towards his parent. So, upon arrival from the university, a young man shows attention to his father, worries about how long he has been waiting at the station, kisses him, asks for news. That is, despite the fact that Arkady does not speak directly about love and gratitude, he expresses this in his actions. Moreover, sometimes inappropriate and funny sayings Kirsanov Sr. Arkady reacts with kindness and understanding.
- Leo Nikolaevich Tolstoy, "Childhood. Adolescence. Youth". Nicholas is brought up in big family where both father and mother love their children madly. The boy admires his mother, has the most tender feelings for her, respects her requests and decisions. After the death of his mother, Nikolenka recalls his childhood and understands that his childhood years were so happy thanks to his parents, especially his mother. Despite the fact that the hero no longer has the opportunity to thank his mother, he often remembers her and always feels gratitude.
Gratitude to strangers
- Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin, Captain's daughter». On one of the rainy days, on the way to Orenburg, Pyotr Andreevich Grinev gets into a strong snowstorm. In bad weather, a stranger helps him find his way. The hero, wanting to thank his savior, gave him his sheepskin coat. As it turns out later, this stranger was the future leader of a major peasant uprising, Emelyan Pugachev. Then the characters meet again, and the rebel, who has already become the head of the rebellious people, pardons Peter and orders not to hang him on the gallows. Yes, here we see a prime example expressions of gratitude from both men. However, Grinev does not expect anything in return from the Cossack. So is Emelyan Pugachev - initially he does not count on the support of a nobleman, but frees him from the gallows only for good old memory.
- In Russian folklore gratitude has always been one of the main qualities goodie, which in the final awaited well-deserved happiness. So, in the fairy tale "Frost", the stepdaughter, abandoned in the forest at the insistence of her stepmother, showed meekness and politeness towards Frost. He forced her to become embittered, to be rude, but the girl was still kind and sweet, although she froze at his will. She only thanked the old man for his concern about her condition. Then he rewarded the girl with a rich dowry and spared her. But he froze the half-sister of the heroine, as she was rude and impudent. For all the benefits that her parents showered on her, the girl did not show in response the slightest desire to pay due respect to the family.
The problem of ingratitude
- Denis Ivanovich Fonvizin, "Undergrowth".
In the upbringing of Mitrofan leading role his mother plays - Mrs. Prostakova. The landowner hires teachers for her son in various subjects, takes care of him, satisfies all his desires. However, Mitrofan is lazy and refuses to study with teachers, is rude to his mother and makes her faint. Despite the fact that Mrs. Prostakova shows stupidity and her own ignorance, she loves her son. But Mitrofan does not show gratitude to his mother, he does not want to listen to her. Thus, D.I. Fonvizin presents us with a vivid example of how parents are ready to do anything for their children, and they, in turn, do not appreciate this and do not consider it necessary to thank the family for their care. - Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin, The Stationmaster. Station keeper Samson Vyrin lived happily with his daughter Dunya not far from the station. The father gave her everything she needed, took care of her daughter after the death of her mother, sparing no effort. Once an officer drove past the station, who liked the young and beautiful Dunya. After some time, the girl, without telling her father, left with him and did not make herself felt. She neglected the feelings of the only one native person who loved and cared for her immensely. In addition, the heroine did not even try to contact her elderly parent. The ingratitude and peculiar cruelty of Dunya's act led to the deterioration of Samson Vyrin's health and hastened his death.
Hello, dear readers. This article will consider The Problem of Gratitude: Arguments from the Literature together with the author's essay are given below to prepare for the unified state exam.
The following arguments will be used:
- M. Gorky, "Old Woman Izergil"
- E. Asadov, "To my mother"
WITH early years we are taught to be grateful to those who help and care for us. This noble feeling: the need to respond to good attitude to yourself. A person who is capable of experiencing sincere gratitude and appreciation is not inclined to possess such negative qualities as hatred, envy and cruelty.
Coldness and indifference in response to a good deed cause resentment and disappointment. When we help someone, show our special disposition, give advice, we expect a response. After all, the gratitude of a person shows that our efforts are not in vain, but useful and not indifferent to the recipient.
A noble person feels a sense of gratitude even with the slightest help from another person. In the story of Maxim Gorky "Izergil" main character the old woman Izergil introduces us to the legend of the young, strong and brave young man Danko.
When the tribe in which he lived was expelled from their lands into a dark impenetrable forest, the tribesmen lost all hope of getting out alive. Danko committed real feat: he inspired them and led them through the forest. However, the path was very difficult: people were exhausted, they were dying. Embittered, they accused Danko and wanted to kill him. But the guy was not afraid and did not feel any anger towards the accusers.
His heart lit up with a bright fire of determination to save everyone, no matter what it cost him. Danko tore his chest and took out a burning heart, which lit up the road and helped people get out to the bright sun and fresh air. Having achieved his goal, the guy smiled at freedom and fell dead. But not a single person showed gratitude to Danko and his feat, no one even noticed his death in the heat of his joy. He loved people very much and sacrificed his life for them, but did not receive even a kind word in return.
To go through a war is a great feat; letting your child go to fight is no less courage. In Eduard Asadov's poem "To My Mother", the author expresses gratitude to his mother. “And I thank you for that, that you didn’t teach me to bend, that from childhood I don’t smolder, but burn.” Becoming a father, the poet understands how heroic the hearts of the parents who sent their children on the road mortal danger. He admires his mother, who, despite all the worries for her son, was able to take him "to the district committee" and raise him as a worthy person.
Summing up, during the course of life we experience gratitude towards many people: for some it is a momentary flash, for others, gratitude can last a lifetime. One way or another, each of us should be able to express gratitude, because in this way we encourage people for worthy deeds that change our world for the better.
Today we talked about The Problem of Gratitude: Arguments from the Literature.” This option you can use to prepare for the unified state exam.
The problem of man's love for his native land.
In Russian literature, the joy and happiness of a person, caused by memories or feelings from a meeting with a small homeland, are shown in the poems of many poets of the 19th and 20th centuries.
I greet you, desert corner,
A haven of peace, work and inspiration,
Where the invisible stream of my days flows
In the bosom of happiness and oblivion! -
joyfully exclaims the lyrical hero of A.S. Pushkin's poem "The Village", experiencing true love not only to the countryside, but to the whole of Russia.
Pictures of Russian nature, presented in the poems of M.Yu. Lermontov, amaze with their magnificence. "Fields of the native land", "flying snow, silvery",
“a couple of whitening birches”, “a thatched hut”, “the charm of the Russian landscape” are infinitely dear to the poet as signs of Russia, which he loves “ strange love". After all, it is the nature of the small homeland, according to the great Russian poet, that helps a person to forget all the troubles and sorrows and tunes in to an optimistic perception of life:
Then the souls of my anxiety are replaced,
Then the wrinkles on the forehead diverge, -
And I can comprehend happiness on earth,
And in the sky I see God...
Another Russian poet, beloved by everyone even today, S.A. Yesenin said more than once: “I love my homeland, I love my homeland very much.” In his poem “A Letter to a Mother,” he writes poignantly:
I'm still just as gentle
And I only dream about
So that rather from rebellious longing
Return to our low house.
This poem feels saving power parental home, where the "indescribable light" flows and where it so beautifully spreads its "branches in the spring ... a white garden."
Can any work be considered a work of art?
It is impossible to pass by the painting by I.I. Levitan “ wooded coast". There is nothing bright and surprising in it, but the attractiveness of the picture lies precisely in the fact that what was painted by the artist, who worked at the end of the 19th century, is familiar, understandable and close to every person living in Russia today. The artist showed a corner of the nature of our Motherland, and there are a lot of such corners or similar ones in our country. For many people, certain life events are associated with such “wooded shores”, they are dear to them as memorable places where childhood passed, and as part of great country, which is not more beautiful. That is why I consider Levitan's painting a work of art: the uncomplicated landscape of this painter evokes in people a feeling of love for their homeland.
There is another painting that you can stand by for hours, thinking about Russia and its history. This is a picture of the famous artist of the 19th century V.M. Vasnetsov “Heroes”, which depicts epic heroes: Ilya Muromets, Dobrynya Nikitich and Alyosha Popovich. It's good that there are such reliable defenders of the Fatherland, true patriots, for whom no enemy is afraid and who will not flinch before the battle, passionately loving the people who trusted him. And this picture is a work of art: it not only sings of love for the Motherland, but also encourages young people to think about the meaning of life.
The works of V. Serov are filled with the beauty of everyday life. The painting “Girl with Peaches” is closer to me than other paintings by this famous artist. The heroine of the picture is full vitality she is experiencing complete harmony with life, and, the artist believes, everything is ahead of her: successes, meetings and real human happiness. Is it possible to deny the fact that we have before us a work of art? It is about Russian people with their dreams and opportunities, which means it is about a happy Russia of the future.
What is justice?
The person who lives according to the highest criteria of justice is the hero of the “sunset novel” “The Master and Margarita” by M.A. Bulgakov, Yeshua Ha-Notsri. All his life he, loving people, dreamed and strived for them to become better. He boldly spoke to the “fierce monster”, the procurator of Judea, Pontius Pilate, that “the time will come when there will be no power of either Caesars or any other power. A person will pass into the realm of truth and justice, where no power will be needed at all.
What is real gratitude?
In Russian prose, the problem of gratitude is presented, in my opinion, most clearly in the story of the famous writer of the twentieth century A.P. Platonov "Yushka". A very poor and sick man, the blacksmith's assistant Efim Dmitrievich (Yushka, as everyone in the small town called him) denied himself everything, because he saved up the money he earned in order to take it to Moscow to train an orphan girl who was not even a relative of him. . He died through the fault of an evil man, never knowing easy life and gratitude for your life's work. But that girl, for whom Yushka lived, became a doctor, returned to Yushkin's city and began to tirelessly and selflessly treat the same sick people as Yushka was. For Yushkino's kindness, she paid with kindness to the same people as Yushka was.
A no less striking example of true gratitude is presented in the story of V.P. Astafiev “A photograph in which I am not”. All the inhabitants of a large Siberian village sincerely tried to do something good for the teacher's family: a glass of milk or sour cream, cottage cheese, cranberries, tuesok will bring, "the baby will look after", firewood will be brought, "rolled wire" will be sewn, and if the teacher comes to visit, nothing they will not regret, everything that is, they will put it on the table. People were grateful to the teacher not only for the fact that he gives knowledge to their children, they could turn to him at any time of the day for any important matter: write compound paper, complain "to the village council, to the robber husband, to the mother-in-law." The polite teacher did not leave anyone unattended, he helped everyone. And he treated his teaching work responsibly and diligently. Here is an example of how good simple people respond with kindness, doing it according to the dictates of their hearts.
How should adults and older children treat the smallest during the war?
A.I. Pristavkin has a story “Photographs” In it, the writer showed a very careful attitude of a boy from an orphanage to his little sister Lyudochka. For the hero-narrator, Lyudochka is a fragile, helpless, painful creature, so she must be protected from all troubles and troubles. That is why, when news comes of the death of the closest people, mother and father, he worries and cries alone, not showing his tears to his sister. And when the Moscow aunt also refused them, the boy takes out his and Lyudochka's photographs and, setting his sister to happy life and inspiring her with optimism, he says to her: "There are many of us." Such relationships, of course, should be between all close people.
Is it necessary to cherish a sense of honor?
In Russian proverbs, the attitude of our people to the concept of honor is expressed: “For conscience, for honor, at least take your head down”, “Honor is protected with your head”, “Not a piece of the pie, but honor is dear”, “Honor is more precious than life”, “Honor inspires, dishonor oppresses ”, “Honor is better than wealth”, “Whoever is friends with honor, he faithfully serves the Motherland.” According to our people, honor is the highest moral quality of any person and it must be sacredly protected.
The best heroes of Russian literature protected and protect their honor and the honor of people close to them. Such is Pyotr Andreevich Grinev from Pushkin's story "The Captain's Daughter", Stepan Paramonovich Kalashnikov from M.Yu. Lermontov's poem "The Song about the Merchant Kalashnikov", such A.S. .N. Tolstoy "War and Peace".
In the poem “When the yellowing field is agitated ...” M.Yu. Lermontov expressed his opinion that nature has a healing agent, therefore a person who understands it finds harmony with life:
Then the anxiety of my soul humbles itself,
Then the wrinkles on the forehead diverge, -
And I can comprehend happiness on earth,
And in the sky I see God...
The world-famous Renaissance artist Leonardo da Vinci believed that “nature has taken care of everything so much that everywhere you find something to learn.”
How should a person treat the nature around us?
A short story by V. Astafyev "A fire near the river" is addressed to the conscience of those people who, without hesitation, spoil and destroy the nature of Russia. Showing decent people who are truly concerned about the well-being of our nature, the author expresses his respect for them and hopes that there will be more and more of them.
What does it mean to "live the spiritual life" in our time?
Yeshua Ha-Notsri, everyone's favorite hero of M.A. Bulgakov's "sunset novel" The Master and Margarita, possessed "sacred heart heat, a high aspiration". Many generations not only of Russians, but also of readers from other countries of the world are amazed at the fortitude of this modest, intelligent, kind person, who dreams of a time when people will be happy and free. Loving people, this truly spiritual man preached to them the highest moral truths.
But, unfortunately, in our life there are more unspiritual people who live only for themselves, not thinking not only about universal goodness, truth and justice, but also forgetting their duties in relation to even very close people. Such a completely soulless person is presented in the story of the modern Russian writer L. Ulitskaya “ Queen of Spades» Eternal Moore. Outwardly, almost incorporeal, and therefore without a soul, she loves only herself, did not know and does not know any high human impulses and feelings. Moore has turned into a monster, a terrible monster capable of making her loved ones deeply unhappy and even bringing them to death.
Does every person need to get an education, that is, to study the sciences?
The Russian people have many proverbs, wise sayings about the benefits of knowledge and science.
“You gain knowledge - you won’t disappear”, “You leave knowledge - you’ll go in the tail”, “The know-it-all is pushed forward, and the dunno is sitting at the stove”, “Science does not ask for bread, but gives bread itself”, “He does not grieve, who with friends with science”, “Science is more true than the golden bail”, “People feed on science”, “There is no science without flour”. All these and many other proverbs express respect for educated people who have been revered in Rus' since ancient times, which means that they were considered to have the right to "count on ... benefits and ... benefits" as educated people.
In his famous poem "Night. Street. Flashlight. Pharmacy ”A.A. Blok also believes that a person must do the main thing for himself in his youth. And getting a good education is not the main thing for any person?
Live at least a quarter of a century,
Everything will be like this. There is no outcome, he writes, knowing that if a person has not achieved anything at the age of twenty-five, then he will not achieve anything. Youth is a special time, it determines what a person will be like.
In a very short period of his youth, A.S. Griboyedov, the smartest Russian, famous author immortal comedy "Woe from Wit", graduated from three faculties of Moscow University, knew perfectly five foreign languages and has already begun to write his first literary works. This is what can be achieved in youth with diligence in studies and a desire to learn.
How is education related to the spiritual development of a person?
Even AS Pushkin, who wrote a lot about spirituality, in his poem "Prophet" showed how difficult it is to have spirituality. It is possessed only by those people who experience "spiritual thirst", "tomimed" by it, they see, hear and understand much more than ordinary people, they can lead them - "to burn people's hearts with the verb."
What is the meaning of human existence?
The problem of the meaning and values of life.
The heroine of A.S. Pushkin's story "Dubrovsky" Marya Kirillovna Troekurova, who grew up in luxury, is sure that wealth will not bring her happiness, she begs her father not to marry her to Prince Vereisky, a rich, old, unloved man. She loves the robber Dubrovsky, shares his thoughts that luxury consoles only poverty; she knows that she will be happy only with Vladimir Dubrovsky.
The problem of finding the meaning of life is central in many works of Russian literature. One of them - "War and Peace" by L. N. Tolstoy. The hero of the epic novel, Pierre Bezukhov, at the beginning of his journey, is far from the truth: he admires Napoleon, participates in empty entertainment, easily succumbs to gross flattery, the cause of which is his huge fortune. And as a result - the loss of the meaning of life.
Only after passing the test of war and captivity, having recognized ordinary people (such as Platon Karataev), Pierre was able to truly understand life and his place in it. He comes to the conclusion that only love moves the world and man lives.
Can war destroy the human in a person?
Back in 1812, Russian soldiers fed the French prisoners, and they expressed their gratitude to them; and Petya Rostov looked after the captured French drummer boy, while the soldiers affectionately called him Spring, unable to remember his name. I wrote about all this in my epic novel"War and Peace" by the great Russian writer L. N. Tolstoy. No wonder M.I. Kutuzov, seeing the generosity of Russian soldiers, declared that such a people could not be defeated.
Should a person stay true to his word?
The best heroes of Russian and world literature are people of word and deed, which confirms the vitality and topicality of the problem of loyalty to a given word not only in Russia, but throughout the world. Such is the fearless Hercules, the hero ancient Greek mythology who performed twelve labors; and unknown gunners in M.Yu. Lermontov’s poem “Borodino”, who “promised to die for the Motherland ... and kept the oath of allegiance ... in the Battle of Borodino”; this is Vasily Terkin from A.T. Tvardovsky’s poem “Vasily Terkin”, who was not afraid “in total darkness” to cross a river with ice water to report: “A platoon on the right bank, alive and well to spite the enemy!”
Why do ordinary people always reject war?
LN Tolstoy, author of the epic novel "War and Peace". “Several tens of thousands of people lay dead in different provisions and uniforms in the fields and meadows ... At dressing stations for a tithe of a place, grass and earth were saturated with blood ... it smelled of strange acid of saltpeter and blood, ”- this is how the great Russian writer and thinker described the Borodino field after a terrible battle. The drizzling rain seemed to say: “Enough, enough, people. Stop... Come to your senses. What are you doing?" And in the soul of every soldier “the question was raised”: “Why, for whom should I kill and be killed? Kill whoever you want, do whatever you want, and I don't want any more!" “The terrible sight of the battlefield covered with corpses and wounded” frightened even Napoleon, who was accustomed to everything, who came to Russia with the war. Here it is, the madness of those who started the war!
The popular idea of war as an evil force is shown in the epic novel by M.A. Sholokhov " Quiet Don". For the Cossacks, the main concern and meaning of life is to grow bread, the writer believes. “We don’t care about them,” the Cossacks argue when they learn about the war. “Let them go to war, but our bread is not harvested!” “You are my dear ... beef,” shaking his head reproachfully, the old man addresses the Cossacks leaving for the First World War. “Echelons… Echelons… Echelons… Uncountable echelons. Through the arteries of the country, along the railways to the western border, agitated Russia is driving grey-grey blood, ”the humanist writer M.A. Sholokhov bitterly narrates about the beginning of the war. Man was not created to kill, Sholokhov claims. Grigory Melekhov, who killed an Austrian with a childish face, is suffering hard. “My conscience is killing me. ... I cut down a man in vain and I am ill through him ... with my soul. I dream at night…”, - these are the thoughts he shares with his brother. And the meeting with the “special imperial family” caused a swarm of furious thoughts in Gregory: “Here they are, to whose joy they kicked us out of our native kurens and threw us to death. Ah, vipers! Damned! Fool-eaters! Here they are the most prolific lice on our ridge! There b you, thrice damned! On horses, under a rifle, to fill you up with lice, rotten bread, feed wormy meat! .. ”The scene describing the“ long stitch of corpses ”is terrible in the novel. "They lay rolling, shoulder to shoulder, in various poses, often obscene and terrible." There were forty-seven Russian officers aged 20 to 25. “A blond, curly head… as if caressing, sank to the ground… His neighbor on the right was lying face down… he didn’t have the top of his skull… in an empty cranium… rose water brightened – the rain poured. Behind him, in an open jacket ... lay dense, short, without a face ... Then - carelessly gathered into a heap of pieces of limbs, clothes of an overcoat, a wrinkled crumpled leg in place of a head ... "Here she is, real picture war. Isn't this crazy?
Can war dull a person's ability to feel and sympathize? Can war make a person more insensitive?
It is well known that in besieged Leningrad many people shared the latter in order to save sometimes strangers from death, especially children. In his memoirs “Breakdown on the Line” about the Leningrad writer Alexander Chernyaev, another writer Kir Bulychev spoke about a man who was not changed by the war, could not dull the best human qualities, did not corrode the human. Once, a constantly hungry writer received a parcel with sugar and condensed milk and gave everything to “the kids in the next apartment, thinking: “I’m an old man ... They still have to live and live.” Subsequently, the writer Chernyaev himself died of starvation in Leningrad in the forty-second year.
What "beauty will save the world"?
What is an example good relations to people is presented in the novel by M.A. Bulgakov "The Master and Margarita". Yeshua Ga - Nozri is infinitely kind to people and sympathizes with them. For him no bad people he calls everyone kind person". He also forgives the procurator of Judea, Pontius Pilate, who sent Yeshua to execution, although he was sure of his innocence; cowardice, the most terrible feeling, won out in Pilate. M. Bulgakov is sure that Yeshua's life has borne fruit: he has a faithful follower Levi Matvey, who will tell people about his teacher.
Is it possible not to be imbued with respect for the simple village woman Matryona from the story of A.I. Solzhenitsyn " Matrenin yard for meekness, diligence to help people, patience, diligence and forgiveness? Her whole life is hard work for the benefit of the state, which did not bother to thank the same Matryonas throughout the country, youth and mature years which coincided with the terrible test of our people - the Great Patriotic War. Very sick, Matrena somehow manages to survive and still tries to help her relatives, considering herself obliged to be where it is difficult. And she died trying to help the men in transporting part of their house to the pupil.
“What vocabulary is saturated in our speech?”
Even D.I. Fonvizin, a playwright of the 18th century, believed that those people who utter rude and dirty words have a black soul. Such appear in the comedy "Undergrowth" Skotinin and Prostakova, the negative characters of the play, people unworthy of the slightest respect.
The same idea was supported by the famous academician D.S. Likhachev in his book “Native Land”. In the chapter "Learning to Speak and Write" he says that "the greatest value of a people is its language." Academician Likhachev argues that “the most important way to get to know a person is his mental development, his moral character, his character is to listen to how he speaks. He also believes that people who "spit words" - use "slang" in large numbers, are cowardly, timid and insecure. With spitting words, they show that they don’t care about anything, that they are higher, stronger than all circumstances, smarter than everyone around them, they laugh at everything, they are not afraid of anything.
And how can one disagree with the statement of B. Shefner, a famous poet: “With a word you can kill, with a word you can save, with a word you can lead the shelves behind you ...” The kind, meek words of Sonya Marmeladova helped the murderer Rodion Raskolnikov understand his wrong and take the path of repentance. The words of Yeshua Ha-Notsri, full of love for people, made Levi Matthew follow him and believe in him, and Pontius Pilate is tormented even after death.
Encouraged by the words of the colonel: “Guys! Isn't Moscow behind us? Let's die near Moscow, as our brothers died ... "- gunners on the Borodino field" to die ... promised and kept the oath of allegiance ... in the Battle of Borodino. So this is written in the poem by M. Yulermontov "Borodino". That's the power of the word!
What kind of person can be called moral?
Yeshua Ga-Notsri, the hero of M.A. Bulgakov’s novel The Master and Margarita, also possessed the highest morality. His attitude towards people is full of love and respect, he dreams of the time when everyone will be fine.
The problem of attitude to the past (loss of memory, roots / gaining memory, roots) The story "Garnet Bracelet" (Zheltkov - Princess Vera).
The problem of the harmful influence of man on nature.
V. Astafiev. The novel "Tsar-fish". V. Rasputin. The story "Farewell to Matyora".
