Names of fairy tales with numbers and numbers. The magical meaning of numbers in fairy tales

The number 3 is probably the most popular, fabulous number. In Russian folk tales and in the tales of the peoples of the world it is found quite often. How many sons does the old man have? Three. How many bears lived in the house that Masha got into? Of course, three. How many girls were spun under the window in A.S. Pushkin's fairy tale? We all know from childhood that there are three.

Fairy tale "Three Bears"
How everything is arranged in the mind in the house three bears. Everyone has their own: dishes, bed, chair. But then a stranger appears in the bears' house. This person is a girl Masha. Oh, how the bears did not like the uninvited guest ...

“Three bears lived in this house. One bear was a father, his name was Mikhail Ivanovich. He was big and shaggy. The other was a bear. She was smaller, and her name was Nastasya Petrovna. The third was a little bear cub, and his name was Mishutka ... "

Fairy tale "The Bear and the Three Sisters"
Three sisters live not in a tower and not in mansions, not in a house and not in a hut, but in a bear's lair. They thought, thought, how would they return home, to their father-mother? And they came up with...

“There was an old man. He had three daughters. He went to the forest to cut firewood and said: “You, daughters, bake bread, bring me lunch ...”

Fairy tale "Three little forest men" Brothers Grimm
The Brothers Grimm are great storytellers. They not only collected fairy tales, but also processed them in such a way that for several centuries they have been read and re-read, studied and remembered.

“... The girl went into the forest and went straight to that little hut. Three little men, as on that occasion, looked out of the window, but she did not greet them ... "

"Three Spins" Brothers Grimm
“Once upon a time there was a girl, a sloth and not a huntress, and no matter what her mother told her, she couldn’t make her work.”

"Three Feathers" Brothers Grimm
“Once upon a time there was a king; he had three sons. Of these, two are smart and sensible, and the third did not say much ... "

And the number three is found in the following fairy tales:

"Three kingdoms - copper, silver and gold"
"Three piglets"
"Three Fat Men"

The number 3 is one of my favorite fairy tale numbers. But it is present not only in fairy tales. In poems, the number three is also not a rare guest.

"The troika rushes, the troika jumps,
Dust curls from under the hooves.
The bell cries loudly
It laughs, it rings ... "

And what do you think, how many wise men from the English nursery rhyme ( translated by S.Ya. Marshak) went to travel by sea, but not in clear weather, but in a thunderstorm? Well, of course, three. If the pelvis (in the original version, the trough) would have been stronger, then the story of trip of three simple people, Gotham smarties, would be longer.

"Three wise men in one basin
They set off across the sea in a thunderstorm.
Be stronger than the old basin,
My story would have been longer.

In what fables of I.A. Krylov does the number (number) 3 occur?
"Three Men"
Three men went into the village to spend the night.
Here, in St. Petersburg, they hunted as a cart ...;
And now they kept the way home to their homeland ...

"Old man and three young"
The old man was going to plant a tree.
“Let them build; Yes, how to plant in those summers, -
Three adult youths neighboring argued ... "

"Swan pike and cancer"
Who among us has not heard of the famous trinity, which "took the load with the luggage", but did not bring the matter to its logical end. “When there is no agreement among the comrades, their business will not go well ...”

And we will return to fairy tales, and remember in which fairy tales the number 3 is still found.

"Emelya" Russian folk tale
There lived an old man. He had three sons: two smart, the third - the fool Emelya. The brothers work, but Emelya lies on the stove all day, doesn't want to know anything...

"The Tale of Tsar Saltan ..." A.S. Pushkin
"Three maidens by the window,
Spinning late at night…”

Do you know the magical meaning of numbers in fairy tales? Orally folk art and author's works, the numbers 1, 3, 7 are often found, but do they carry any semantic load or are they not filled with any symbolic meaning?

In the article:

The meaning of numbers in fairy tales is the number 1

Numbers surround every person every day. We see them in phone numbers, bus numbers, bank cards and so on. Since ancient times, people have endowed numbers with a special magical meaning.

Kuzma Skorobogaty

But what did our ancestors think about certain numbers and what sacred meaning did they fill them with? If we return to oral folk art, we will see that all fairy tales, epics and traditions were permeated numerical symbolism. The number 1 is very common in fairy tales. For example, one alone Kuzma is rich, one orphan is a little Tiny-Khavroshechka.

Often the number 1 symbolizes one person, the main character, who will have to deal with circumstances, his fears, fictional or real villains. Such a figure is very holistic, self-sufficient. This becomes clear if we turn to numerological meaning of the number 1 and we will see that it is identified with unity, the concentration of power in one source.

The symbolic meaning of the number 2

Swan geese

How often does the number 2 appear in fairy tales? For example, in the fairy tale "Geese Swans" there were a daughter and a son (two children), in "Morozko" a stepdaughter and a daughter, in the fairy tale "About the lazy and cheerful" the main characters are two daughters. Almost always, this figure is a symbol of pairing, showing the reader two absolutely opposite characters.

The wolf and the seven Young goats

If we turn to numerology, we will find that such a number in fairy tales could symbolize holiness, intelligence, good health. This figure meant the victory of wisdom over evil.

Number 12

The number 12 is very important in numerology. This number is mentioned in ancient mythology, in the old and new testament, in various religions. Among the most common tales that mention this number is "The Twelve Months".

Entertainment scenario for children of the preparatory group. Fairytale KVN

Target: expand and consolidate children's knowledge of fairy tales and fairy tale characters
Material for carrying out: Storyteller costume, book of fairy tales, 2 sets of fairy puzzles, letters, chest, 3 nuts, bast shoes, petal, mitten, pipe, jar of jam, spikelet, bucket
Preliminary work: come up with a team name and greeting.
Children enter the hall to the music "Fairy tale, come", stand in a semicircle.

Leading: Guys, today we will step into the world of a fairy tale - the world of fantasy, ingenuity and resourcefulness, the world of funny and fun games.

The Storyteller appears with a collection of fairy tales.

Storyteller: Greetings young talents and connoisseurs of fairy tales. Do you love fairy tales? Can you handle my assignments?

Leading: Dear Cheerful and Resourceful!
Congratulations on the start of the holiday
Good luck in the competition, we wish you all,
Our KVN fairy tales are starting!
Please take your seats!
Children are divided into 2 teams

Leading: And now we present our jury, which will strictly and impartially evaluate each competition. (Jury presentation).

So, the teams are ready, the jury is fully armed - it's time to start!
Competition "Greeting" or "Business card".
(for the preparation of this competition, homework is given in advance)

Teams need to introduce themselves (name, motto, wishes of the jury, opponents).
Competition "Warm-up".
During this competition, teams must take turns to complete the name of a fairy-tale hero:
1. Koschey… Immortal
2. Elena… Lovely
3. Vasilisa ... Wise
4. Sister ... Alyonushka
5. Brother ... Ivanushka
6. Phoenix ... Clear Falcon
7. Tiny ... Havroshechka
8. Serpent ... Gorynych
9. Sivka … Burka
10. Old man ... Hottabych

The jury announces the results after each competition.

Musical pause "Dance of Babka-Ezhka"

The program continues
Contest "Guess"

During this competition, teams take turns answering the storyteller's questions:
1. How many brothers-months did the heroine of the fairy tale S. Marshak meet at the New Year's fire? (12)
2. How many brothers did Eliza, the heroine of G.H. Andersen's fairy tale "Wild Swans" have? (11 brothers)
3. What was the name of Dr. Aibolit's sister? (Barbara)
4. Who turned Vasilisa the Wise into a frog? (Koschei the Deathless.)
5. What was the name of the three bears from L. Tolstoy's fairy tale "Three Bears"? (Mikhail Potapych, Nastasya Petrovna, Mishutka)
6. Which of the three pigs built the most durable house? (naf-naf)
7. What did the queen say, looking into a magic mirror?
("My light, mirror! Tell me,
Yes, tell me the whole truth.
Am I the sweetest in the world,
All blush and whiter?")
8. What boy was supposed to put out the word "eternity"? For this they promised him new skates and the whole world. (Kai)
9. Where is the death of Koshchei the Immortal? (Wood, chest, hare, duck, egg, needle.)
10. What was the name of Matroskin's cat's cow? (Murka)
11. How many times did the old man throw a net into the sea? (3)
12. How many thieves did Ali Baba outsmart? (40)
13. What was the name of the genie that Volka freed from the bottle? (Hottabych)
14. What are the names of the main characters in the fairy tale by E. Uspensky "Vacation in Prostokvashino"? (Uncle Fyodor, cat Matroskin, dog Sharik, postman Pechkin.)

Competition "Fairytale portrait". Teams collect 2 pictures from fairy tales from large puzzles - "Leopold the Cat", "Little Red Riding Hood", "Three Little Pigs", "Princess Frog"
(The competition evaluates the speed and cohesion of the team.)

Musical break Dance "Little Red Riding Hood"

Competition "Numbers in the names of fairy tales".

Teams name fairy tales, in the name of which there are numbers. (“Three Bears”, “3 Musketeers”, “Ali Baba and 40 Thieves”, “1000 and One Night”, “Three Nuts”, “The Wolf and the Seven Kids”, “Three Little Pigs”, etc.) The team that named last tale.
Musical competition "Guess the melody"
Team members need, after listening to musical fragments, to name a movie or cartoon-tale, the name of a fairy-tale hero.

1. Little Red Riding Hood
2. "The Adventures of Pinocchio"
3. "Lion cub and turtle"
4. "The Bremen Town Musicians"
5. "Smile"
6. "Cheburashka"
7. "Song of the Cat Leopold"

Dance warm-up. (at the choice of the music director)

Competition "Reader".

Sleeping puppy on the stove
cat on the porch,
They dream in a sweet dream
Two sausages on the window.

Puppy running across the field
The cow is driven to the house
Barks, floods
Going to bite.

Competition of captains "Guess the name of the fairy tale." The captains guess and make up the name of the fairy tale from soft puzzles with letters. ("Teremok", "Kolobok"). Captains may choose one assistant from their team.

Competition "Fairytale Riddles"

1. For breakfast, he ate only an onion,
But he was never a crybaby.
Learned to write with the nose of the letter
And he planted an inkblot in a notebook.
Didn't listen to Malvin at all
Papa's son Carlo... (Pinocchio)

2. He treats mice and rats,
Crocodiles, hares, foxes,
Bandages the wounds
African monkey.
And anyone will confirm to us:
This is a doctor... (Aibolit)

3. Although he was steadfast and brave,
But he did not survive the fire.
The youngest son of a tablespoon,
He stood on a strong foot.
Not iron, not glass
There was a soldier ... (Tin)

4. All girls and boys
Managed to love him.
He is the hero of a funny book,
Behind him is a propeller.
He flies over Stockholm
High, but not to Mars.
And the kid will recognize him.
Who is this? Sly ... (Carlson)

5. "Mirror, say, be nice,
Who is the whitest in the world?"
Once the stepmother asked
The one that is smarter and meaner than all.
And answered, sparkling,
Mirror, after a little hesitation:
"The most beautiful young
Stepdaughter..." (Snow White)

6. Do you know this girl,
She in old fairy tale sung.
Worked, lived modestly,
Didn't see the clear sun
Around - only dirt and ash.
And the beauty was called ... (Cinderella)

Musical break "Song about Carlson" by I. Ponomareva

Competition "Chest".

Teams guess "What fairy tale is the object from?" (3 nuts, lapotok, petal, mitten, pipe, jar of jam, spikelet, bucket, etc.)

Fairy tales:
1. Three nuts for Cinderella
2. Lapotok
3. Semi-flower
4. Mitten
5. Pipe and jug
6. Carlson, who lives on the roof
7. Spikelet
8. Morozko

Summing up the results of the competition - the word of the jury.
Rewarding teams with diplomas and sweet prizes.

Storyteller: thanks to all the participants, you are really connoisseurs of fairy tales and I was glad to visit you at the fabulous KVN. See you, my friends!

Lesson topic:"Fairy tale. magic number

Goals:

• reveal the magical role of numbers in fairy tales;
• reveal best connoisseur fairy tales;
• reveal the best mathematician.

Lesson type: integrated: literature + mathematics, a lesson in a "foreign" class.

Preparatory stage.

DURING THE CLASSES

The class is beautifully and festively decorated with drawings for fairy tales. There are bright colored numbers on the board. At the blackboard is a desk for Malvina and Pinocchio.

First option:

Before the lesson, children are given sheets of paper on which they write their last name and first name, and fill out answers to questions during the lesson: the author of the fairy tale, its name, number - the answer.

Second option:

Instead of sheets, for each correct answer, a postcard is issued - a token, with the inscription "To the Winner", which are counted at the end of the lesson.
The lesson is held on the site of a "foreign" class, so we recommend that fifth-graders have badges.

Fairy tales, magical thoughts,
Magic sounds, magic numbers...

I. introduction Fairy Tales

- Guys! Today we have gathered with you for a very unusual lesson. It will be about a fairy tale. In literature lessons, we read a lot of fairy tales and learned that magic items. Which? name them (apple, mirror, ring, shoe, etc.). But besides magical objects, there are many things in fairy tales ... this is a mystery.

Living in a difficult book
Cunning Brothers
Ten of them, but these brothers
They count everything in the world.

What are these brothers? These are numbers.
– Our lesson today is dedicated to the role of magic numbers in fairy tales. And it is unusual because it will be conducted not by teachers, but by Fairies. Fairy Tales and Fairy Numbers (Numbers).

II. Creative tasks(conducted by Fairy Tales)

What fairy tales have numbers in their titles? (“3 oranges”, “3 nuts for Cinderella”, “3 piglets”, “3 bears”, Y. Olesha “3 fat men”, S. Marshak “12 months”, Zdenek Slaby “3 bananas, or Peter on a fairy planet ”, V. Kataev “Flower-seven-flower”, “Wolf and seven kids”, A. S. Pushkin “The Tale of dead princess and the Seven Bogatyrs”, Brothers Grimm “Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs”, G. Andersen “Five from One Pod”, “Ali the Baba and the Forty Thieves”.)

– What does the digital beginning of a fairy tale sound like? (“In the distant (thirtieth) kingdom, in the distant (thirtieth) state ...”)

III. Fairy tale quiz

The questions of the Fairy of Fairy Tales are accompanied by illustrations or drawings of students for this fairy tale.

• A. S. Pushkin:
  • How many years did the old man and the old woman live in their dugout "by the very blue sea"? (33)
  • How many times did the fish swim to the old man? (6)
  • How many brothers - heroes did the princess have - a swan? (33)
  • How many times did Prince Gvidon fly to his father? (3)
  • How many times did overseas guests sail to the island of Prince Gvidon "in the kingdom of the glorious Saltan"? (3)
  • How many times has the evil queen asked the mirror about her beauty? (5)
• A. Volkov "The Wizard of the Emerald City"
  • How many wishes did the Scarecrow have? (3)
  • How many magical countries Ellie passed? (5)
• J. Rodari "The Adventures of Cipollino"
  • How many brothers and sisters did Cipollino have? (7)
• C. Perrault. Fairy tales.
  • How many years did the sleep of the sleeping beauty last? (100)
  • How many times did the clock strike when Cinderella was at the ball? (12)
• V. Gauf "Dwarf Nose"
  • How many years did Dwarf Nose spend in the service of the old woman? (7)
• G. H. Andersen. Fairy tales.
  • How many down jackets and mattresses did the queen put on a pea? (20+20)
  • How many tin soldiers were in the box? (25)
  • How many brothers did Eliza have? (eleven)
  • How many dogs did the soldier see in the dungeon? (3)

IV. Staged excerpts "Recreational arithmetic"

a) A. Tolstoy. "The Adventures of Pinocchio"

Malvina: We'll do the arithmetic. You have two apples in your pocket.
Pinocchio: You lie, none.
Malvina: I say, suppose you have two apples in your pocket. Someone took one apple from you. How many apples do you have left?
Pinocchio: Two.
Malvina: Think well.
Pinocchio: Two.
Malvina: Why?
Pinocchio: I won’t give an apple to someone, even if he fights!

b) V. Gubarev "The Kingdom of Crooked Mirrors"

Topsed: There are 100 mirrors in 100 squares. How many mirrors will it be?
Olya: 10000.

c) Weak "Three bananas, or Peter on a fabulous planet"

Tau solved examples.

Fix Tau's bugs.

v. joke questions

Asked by the Fairy Numbers.

- What money did the Fly - Tsokotuha find in the field? (1 penny, guys can name any coin)
– And now, having solved these examples, you will find out which character we will talk about next.

1) 364 +36;
2) 527 – 27;
3) 100 * 54;
4) 428: 2;
5) 12000: 30;
6) 700 – 40;
7) 20 * 25;
8) 7000: 100;
9) 350 + 420;
10) 430 – 5
11) 60 * 90
12) 15000: 30;
13) 10 * 40.

- Well done boys! Right! This is the Humpbacked Horse. Now answer the following question: The Humpbacked Horse was 3 inches tall. What was his height, if vershok 44 mm? (44mm*3=132mm=13cm 2mm)

VI. Funny multiplication table from the fairy tale by J. Rodari "How to come up with numbers"

The Fairy of Numbers reads, and the children take turns giving answers.

Three times one - Paolina and Martin!
Three times two - delicious halva!
Three times three - quickly wipe your nose!
Three times four is the tastiest chocolate in the world!
Three times five - wrong again!
Three times six - I'm hungry!
Three times seven - never eat soup!
Three times eight - welcome!
Three times nine - the world does not believe in tears!
Three times ten - they weigh nothing!

VII. Many-legged riddle

The Fairy of Numbers reads.

Two legs on three legs
And the fourth in the teeth.
Suddenly four came running
And they ran away with one.
Two legs jumped
Grabbed three legs
Shouted all over the house
Yes, three by four!
But four squealed
And they ran away with one.

K. Chukovsky

- How many legs and who had? (Two for the boy, three for the stool, four for the dog, one for the chicken leg.)

VIII. Creative task: "Funny Names of Fairy Tales"

Conducted by the Fairy of Fairy Tales.

Class task: remember the correct name of the story.

IX. Lesson summary

staging (or expressive reading Fairy of Tales) poems by S. Marshak "About one student and 6 units."
Fairy Tales asks the final question to the class: "What is the role of magic numbers in fairy tales?"
The Fairy of Numbers and the consultants from the senior classes check the work or count the tokens for the “Winner” and announce the winner.

Collective work of students of 3 "A" class

Our introduction to numbers begins with early childhood. We still don’t know how to read and count, but we already know “... there lived two brothers”, “... Masha met three bears”, “... and the Goat had seven kids”. Fairy tales - favorite literary genre all children. We decided to re-read the fairy tales known to us and find out what numbers "live" in Russian folk tales.

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Our familiarity with numbers begins in early childhood. We still don’t know how to read and count, but we already know “... there lived two brothers”, “... Masha met three bears”, “... and the Goat had seven kids”. Fairy tales are the favorite literary genre of all children. We decided to re-read the fairy tales known to us and find out what numbers "live" in Russian folk tales.

Hypothesis: even literature cannot do without numbers?

Target: find out what numbers live in Russian folk tales.

Research objectives:

• collect information about the symbolism of numbers by analyzing literary sources;
• find examples of the use of numbers in Russian folk tales;
• analyze the frequency of use of numbers in these works;

Research method - analysis of fairy tales and special literature on the topic.

The history of the appearance of numbers

Studying the literature on the topic, we learned that a long time ago, many thousands of years ago, our ancestors lived in small tribes. They wandered through the fields and forests, along the valleys of rivers and streams, looking for food. Sometimes they fished and hunted. They dressed in the skins of dead animals. Life primitive people little different from animal life. watching surrounding nature, on which his life completely depended, our distant ancestor from the many various items First I learned to isolate individual objects. From a pack of wolves - the leader of the pack, from a herd of deer - one deer, from an ear with grains - one grain. At first, they defined this ratio as "one" and "many".

Frequent observations of sets consisting of a pair of objects (eyes, ears, horns, wings, hands) led a person to the concept of number. Our distant ancestor, talking about seeing two ducks, compared them with a pair of eyes. And if he saw more of them, he said: "Many." Every time something unknown, mysterious began after the deuce. When they counted “one, two, many”, then after two there was “everything”. Therefore, the number 3, which, when counting, should have followed the number 2, meant "everything." Only gradually did a person learn to single out three objects, and then four.

Then the person began to count in fives, tens and twenties (toes were also used!). The score in tens has been preserved in our decimal number system. The names of some numbers associated with the first "computing machine" have also been preserved - fingers and toes. For example, the word "five" in Russian comes from the Old Slavic word "past" - hand ("wrist"). And among some tribes, the number "twenty" was called "the whole man"!

Symbolism of numbers

What place did the numbers occupy in the fate of the Russian people?

We re-read the following Russian folk tales:

• "Tiny-Havroshechka"
• "Kuzma Skorobogaty"
• "Morozko"
• "Swan geese"
• "Masha and the Three Bears"
• "Princess Frog"
• "Kolobok"
• "Seven-year-old daughter"
• "Fox, Hare and Rooster"
• "Bubble, straw and bast shoes"
• "The wolf and the seven Young goats"
• "Elena the Wise"
• "Koschei the Deathless"
• "About lazy and cheerful"
• "Three sisters"
• "Mushroom War"

We found out that numbers in fairy tales are used to denote:

The number of main characters;

The number of tests that the heroes must pass;

The number of items involved in the actions;

Magical qualities inherent in objects;

Distances to the kingdom in which fairy-tale events take place (far away lands, distant kingdom);

The age of the heroes;

Number 1.

The number "one", as a rule, denotes the beginning, something unique, something very small, but at the same time very significant. His characteristic features are strength, vigor, will, activity, initiative.

In general, the use of the number one is uncharacteristic for Russian folk tales. This is probably due primarily to family traditions Russian people. The number one in fairy tales most often indicates a choice (one of the few) or the orphanhood of the hero (“alone alone”).

The number 1 met us in fairy tales:

• “Kuzma Skorobogaty” - “Once upon a time Kuzenka lived alone, in a dark forest ...”;
• "Tiny-Khavroshechka" - "... she remained a little orphan ...".

Number 2.

The number 2 often symbolizes pairing, evenness, doubling. Embodies something transient, unstable, divisible. In some sources, it is interpreted as "indecisive, passive, submissive, soft, plastic, feminine." In fairy tales, it is most often found to denote the pairing of heroes, circumstances. This is due to the fact that there are always two opposites in life: good and evil, black and white, light and darkness, heat and cold, wealth and poverty, and many plots of fairy tales are based on opposition.

• “Geese-swans” - “They had a daughter and a little son ...”;
• "Morozko" - "... the stepmother had a stepdaughter and a daughter";
• “About Lazy and Radivaya” - “The old man and the old woman had two daughters. ... and the people called the older one Radiva, and the smaller one - Lazy.

Number 3.

The number three appears in almost every fairy tale. "Three" is the most common number in fairy tales. Very often you can find in Russian legends and epics three desires, three attempts, three from a casket, a stone by three roads, three heads by a monster.

In fairy tales, we usually meet: a stone at a crossroads, which offers the hero three paths, three choices, three kingdoms that must be passed - copper, silver and gold, the father has three sons or three daughters.

• “Three Sisters” - “Three married sisters lived in one village”;
• “Bubble, straw and bast shoes” - “Once upon a time there were a bubble, straw and bast shoes”;
• "Masha and the Three Bears" - "... she went to the house in which three bears lived."

From the fairy tale “Tiny-Khavroshechka”: “And the hostess had three daughters. The eldest was called One-eye, the middle Two-eye, and the smaller Three-eye. Three times the hostess sent her three daughters in turn to follow the one who helps Tiny-Khavroshechka “spin, weave and roll into pipes”. “And on the third day the old woman sent the third daughter - Triglazka, and to the orphan more work asked!” Havroshechka lulled two of Triglazka's eyes to sleep, but forgot about the third one. “Two eyes fell asleep, and the third sees everything: how Khavroshechka climbed into one ear of a cow, and climbed out into the other and picked up the finished canvases”

From the fairy tale "The Frog Princess": "In the old days, one king had three sons." One of which usually main character- Ivan Tsarevich or Ivan the Fool went to a distant kingdom, in a distant state. Where is it? It turns out that it is close, because 3 x 9 \u003d 27, 27 days - this is exactly the lunar month - the time of the Moon's revolution around the Earth. We go further: 3 x 10 = 30, and this is the period between two new moons.

Here is an indication of where the Far Far Away Kingdom, the Thirtieth State is located - at a distance equal to a month's journey.

Here is an example of fabulous mathematics.

Number 4.

The number four is a symbol of maximum stability. The Greeks believed that first of all there were: earth, water, air and fire. For orientation in space, people used the knowledge of the four cardinal points (north, south, east, west), and the calendar year was divided into four seasons: winter, spring, summer, autumn. The number 4 symbolizes universal stability, order, completeness, reliability, stability and strength. The meaning of the number 4 is associated with the symbolism of the square. Even in prehistoric times, the number 4 was used to denote stability. Human life It is divided into 4 periods: childhood, youth, maturity and old age.

• "Gingerbread Man" - 4 characters met Gingerbread Man (hare, wolf, fox, bear)

"I left the hare,

I left the wolf

Left the bear

It’s easy to get away from you, foxes! ”;

• “Seven-year-old daughter” - 4 riddles were made by the Tsar: “- The fourth riddle: what is sweeter than anything in the world?”
• “The fox, the hare and the rooster” - 4 times the animals came to the aid of the hare: “The dogs drove - they didn’t drive out, the bear drove - didn’t drive out, the bull drove - didn’t drive out, and you, rooster, won’t drive out!”

Number 5.

The number 5 counts lucky number. It symbolizes constant search and self-improvement. Five symbolizes order and perfection, represents the five human senses: sight, hearing, smell, touch and taste.

• “Mushroom War” - The number of mushrooms that the boletus called for war (whites, saffron milk caps, mushrooms, mushrooms, milk mushrooms): “- Come, mushrooms, to my war!”
• "Kuzma Skorobogaty" - "... he had a thin house, and one cockerel, and five hens."

The numbers 4 and 5 are not often found in Russian folk tales.

Most likely, the creators of fairy tales used them only as simple numbers to indicate quantity, it is no coincidence that these numbers are rarely used not only in fairy tales, but also in proverbs and sayings.

Number 7.

The number, which almost always denotes positive moments in people's lives, was considered a symbol of holiness among many peoples. The number 7 consists of two perfect numbers 3 and 4, and therefore 7 is not only a holy number, but also a symbol of reason. In the Bible, 7 is a symbol of the union of God and man.

Even in ancient times, 7 was considered a lucky number. Man perceived the world(light, smells, sounds, taste) through the seven "holes" in the head (two eyes, two ears, two nostrils, mouth). It is no coincidence that there are seven colors in the rainbow, there are seven wonders of the world in the world, there are 7 days in a week. there are 7 notes in music.

It is interesting to note that our memory retains only up to seven different impressions or objects particularly well. With a greater load, errors in memorization increase sharply.

The number seven is found in fairy tales such as:

• “A wolf and seven kids” - “Once upon a time there was a goat with her seven kids in a beautiful house.”
• “Seven Simeons” - “... he left seven twin sons, which are called seven Simeons”,
• “Seven-year-old daughter” - “I have a seven-year-old daughter And letka, she taught me.

Number 12

This is the number of the highest perfection, so it is considered all over the world. A dozen is made up of the multiplication of two perfect numbers 3 and 4, therefore, it is the height of perfection. In most languages, a dozen means hefty, i.e. strong, healthy.

The symbolism of 12 is used not only to indicate the number (“twelve brothers - well done”), but also to enhance the mystery, mystery: at exactly 12 o’clock the incredible transformations and magic, so the symbolism of the number 12 is most often used in fairy tales.

• "Elena the Wise" - "Exactly at twelve o'clock, a soldier hears that someone is shouting from this tower",
• "Koschey the Immortal" - "... here a heroic horse is chained on twelve chains."

Conclusion

Summing up, we can say that Russian folk tales are riddled with numbers. The presence of numbers is everywhere and almost always they act as sacred and deeply symbolic.

Even numbers - two, four, six, eight - are much less common in oral folk art. It's connected withthe superstitious notion that an even number is associated with death, the number of the "devil".

Most often in Russian folk tales, the number 3 is used.

Troika is:

• man, with his body, soul, spirit;
• birth, life, death;
• three periods of any entity: beginning, middle and end;
• past, present and future.

The number 3 prompts the reader to think about magic, about perfection. The constant tripling of the motive creates a measured rhythm of the narration.

Thus, the choice of numerals in fairy tales is based on the popular idea of ​​the meaning of numbers.

We came to the conclusion that the numerals play in artistic text an important role, and their study helps to penetrate into the thought laid down by the people, to better understand the history of their people.