Posters, reproductions of paintings by famous artists in high quality, clipart and large size photos for download. Pierre Auguste Renoir - biography and paintings of the artist in the genre of Impressionism - Art Challenge

Pierre Auguste Renoir - French impressionist painter, was born February 25, 1841 in France in Limoges. His father was a tailor. In 1862, Renoir entered the school fine arts. During his studies, he met such masters of painting as A. Sisley, F. Basil and C. Monet. Pierre's favorite artists were A. Watteau, F. Boucher, O. Fragonard, G. Courbet. His early works are very similar in style to the works of these authors. A detailed study of chiaroscuro, which gives the image almost sculptural forms, but even then the distinctive handwriting of the future great artist was noticeable - this is a light, almost airy color scheme - Mother Anthony's Tavern.

The work of Renoir was greatly influenced by the paintings with which they were in friendly relations and often painted together. Their most famous collaboration is The Frog. After that, Renoir's paintings began to noticeably change, for example, he introduces the so-called colored shadows and achieves certain results in the image of the light-air environment: Bathing on the Seine, Path in tall grass, In the garden, Swing, Seine in Argenteuil, Estac.

After the Impressionist exhibition at the Nadar Hotel was literally disgraced in disgrace by angry critics who were more committed to classical painting, Renoir and Monet were forced to eke out a poor existence. This continued until the painting that brought real success to Pierre Auguste - Moulin de la Galette, which now hangs in the Musée d'Orsay in Paris.

Renoir's paintings are characterized by expressive features and random scenes that seem to be snatched from Everyday life, by this they set the viewer to contemplation, entering a state of complete rest. Like no other, this mood is conveyed by the picture Breakfast of the Rowers, in which a special place belongs to a lady with a dog in her hands - future wife Renoir.

Since 1880, Renoir, together with his wife, began to travel the world, the Mediterranean, Algeria, Italy. Here he studies the work of local artists and constantly works on his own.

In 1903, O. Renoir moved to his villa in the south of France. He suffers from terrible arthritis, which is constantly progressing. Despite this, he constantly draws, even when he is struck by paralysis. He ties the hand to his hand, since the fingers can no longer hold it. After that, the artist only once visited his beloved Paris to look at his painting Umbrellas, which was exhibited in the Louvre.

On December 3, 1919, Pierre-Auguste Renoir died of inflammation at the age of 78 and was buried in Essois.

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Renoir paintings:

Rowers breakfast

Umbrellas

thoughtfulness

In the garden


spring landscape

Dancing in the city

Dancing in Bougival


Sleeping by the sea

Romain Lanco

Hairdressing girl

Washerwomen

After swimming

First exit

Parisian

naked girl

new bridge

Nude

Still life with chrysanthemums

On the terrace

Pont des Arts in Paris

Naked woman sitting on a couch

Monet at work

Young man in the forest of Fontainebleau

Paddling pool

Madame Clementine

bathers

Swimming pool on the river

woman at the source

Woman playing the guitar

Jeanne Samary

The painter Basil in Atel

Gabrielle Jean and girl

figures in the garden

Jewish wedding

Two girls at the piano

Diana the Huntress

girl with mandolin

Early intellectual development of children 1.5 years old. Do not run away from responsibility, you must be involved in this! The author's methods of Bereslavsky will help you discover the talent and abilities of your child.

Girl with a watering can

Ball at the Moulin de la Gallette

Young lady Grimpel with a blue ribbon in her hair

Renoir Pierre Auguste french painter, graphic artist and sculptor. In his youth he worked as a porcelain painter, painting curtains and fans. In 1862-1864, Renoir studied in Paris at the Ecole des Beaux-Arts, where he became close to his future colleagues in impressionism, Claude Monet and Alfred Sisley. Renoir worked in Paris, visited Algeria, Italy, Spain, Holland, Great Britain, Germany. IN early works Renoir is influenced by Gustave Courbet and the works of the young Edouard Manet (“Mother Anthony’s Tavern”, 1866, National Museum, Stockholm).

At the turn of the 1860s and 1870s, Renoir switched to painting in the open air, organically including human figures in a changeable light and air environment (“Bathing in the Seine”, 1869, Pushkin Museum, Moscow). Renoir's palette brightens, a light dynamic stroke becomes transparent and vibrating, the color is saturated with silver-pearl reflections (“The Lodge”, 1874, Cortold Institute, London). Depicting episodes snatched from the stream of life, random life situations, Renoir preferred the festive scenes of urban life - balls, dances, walks, as if trying to embody in them the sensual fullness and joy of being (Moulin de la Galette, 1876, Musee d'Orsay, Paris ).

A special place in the work of Renoir is occupied by poetic and charming female images: internally different, but outwardly slightly similar to each other, they seem to be marked by a common stamp of the era (“After dinner”, 1879, the Shtedel Institute of Art, “Umbrellas”, 1876, National Gallery, London; portrait of actress Jeanne Samary, 1878, Hermitage, Saint Petersburg). In the depiction of the nude, Renoir achieves a rare sophistication of carnations, built on a combination of warm flesh tones with gliding light greenish and gray-blue reflexes, giving a smooth and dull surface to the canvas (“Nude Woman Seated on a Couch”, 1876). A wonderful colorist, Renoir often achieves the impression of monochrome painting with the help of the finest combinations of tones close in color (“Girls in Black”, 1883, Museum of Fine Arts, Moscow).

From the 1880s, Renoir gravitated more and more towards classical clarity and generalization of forms; features of decorativeness and serene idyllicity are growing in his painting (“Great Bathers”, 1884-1887, Tyson collection, Philadelphia). Numerous drawings and etchings (“Bathers”, 1895) by Renoir are distinguished by laconicism, lightness and airiness of the stroke.

French painter Pierre Auguste Renoir (1841-1919)- one of the key figures standing at the origins of impressionism. Already during his lifetime, he achieved considerable success and recognition among compatriots. Now his name is on a par with, and other founders.

Future great painter came from a simple tailor family. He was the sixth child of seven. This is probably why Renoir worked from childhood on a par with his parents. He brought his first earnings to the house at the age of 13, having settled in a workshop for painting dishes.

The artist created portraits, still lifes, urban and seascapes, genre sketches and even nudes. More than 1400 paintings by Renoir have survived to this day, 1377 of them were written in an impressionistic manner. In addition to paintings, he worked for some time and.

Renoir's talent for singing should also be noted: having got into the church choir after the family moved from Limoges to Paris, the future great artist made a huge impression on his regent. Who knows how his fate might have turned out if his talent for painting had not been revealed during the same period?

Unlike other representatives of his direction, Renoir had little interest in plein air. He practically did not care about the play of light as such, he embodied all the techniques of the Impressionists in other works: mostly they were portraits of fairly wealthy people of that time and their loved ones. Pierre Auguste Renoir often repeated that he knew nothing about painting, he was only interested in women, children and roses. Moreover, any talk about art made him sad, and sometimes completely infuriated.

However, it is no coincidence that he is considered a master of secular portraiture. The artist endowed the images with a bit of sentimentality, causing the peremptory disposition of the audience. In his paintings, Renoir showed a man in unexpected life situations, when communicating with relatives and friends, in unity with the beauty of nature. The master sought to show the festive side of the life of the townspeople. In his works we see serene scenes of relaxation, colorful heroes, dynamic walks, balls with dances.

Despite the fact that in different periods of his work, Renoir radically revised many of his techniques, the peculiarity of his writing has always been emotionality, slight transience. He made a quick pictorial sketch created from the first impression. This is what the Impressionists always sought in their quest.

The early period of Renoir's work is associated with a diligent search for genre and style. His teacher at the School of Fine Arts, where the young man came after the closure of the workshop for painting dishes, was Marc Gabriel Charles Gleyre. Young artist He experimented a lot and was eventually captured by a new direction in painting - Impressionism.

Already during this period, he was not limited to one genre and created a portrait of The Artist's Mother (1860), the painting The Return of the Boating Party (1862) and the floral still life Crown of Roses. (Crown of Roses, 1858). They are distinguished by the airiness and emotionality of the transmission, but still the uncertainty of the incarnation. The paintings feel a touch of the imposed academic school and an irresistible desire to go beyond the boundaries of the accepted.

First successful work Renoir, highly appreciated at the Salon, was a portrait of his beloved "Lise with an umbrella" (Lise with Umbrella, 1867). The stern image of a young girl in a white dress briefly became calling card painter. At this time, Renoir was influenced by the artists of the Barbizon school, as well as.

In the period from 1874 to 1882, Renoir, along with his comrades from the Anonymous Cooperative Partnership, fought for the right to be heard and, in the end, largely due to this, achieved universal recognition. True, the first exhibition of young impressionists was a failure, and the very name "impressionists" seemed offensive. Despite this, all members of the partnership somehow succeeded.

It was during these years that perhaps his strongest works come out from under the artist’s hand: Camille Monet And Her Son Jean In The Garden At Argenteuil, 1874, Pink and Blue (Pink and Blue, 1881) and "Ball at the Moulin de la Galette" (Dance at the Moulin de la Galette, 1876). By the way, a smaller copy of the latter became the most expensive painting by Renoir. It was sold in 1990 at Sotheby's in New York for $78 million.

Following him, until the beginning of the 1890s, the so-called "Ingres period" of Renoir's work lasts. The artist himself called it "sour". Under the influence of the works of the classics of the Renaissance, the taste of the painter is changing. Renoir decisively abandons impressionism and returns to realism.

During this period, he creates another high-profile picture - "The Great Bathers" (The Great Bathers, 1884-1887), which depicts three naked girls. The lines of the drawing on it have become much clearer, the colors have lost their brightness, and other paintings seem to have become “colder”.

The next decade of Renoir's work is usually called the "pearl period". He received this name due to the fact that in the artist's pictorial manner a tendency to iridescent colors appeared. The most typical works of this time are “Apples and flowers” ​​(Apples and flowers, 1895-1896) and “Woman playing the guitar” (Woman playing the guitar, 1896). At this stage, the artist was especially interested in canvases and.

The final period of Renoir's work is usually called "red". And in this case, do not look for hidden meanings: just the artist began to give preference to warm red and pink shades. It was at this time that he suffered from one disease, then from another, and as a result he was bedridden and could only draw with great difficulty, squeezing the brush with weakened fingers.

All his life, Pierre-Auguste Renoir joked that he knew nothing about painting. A few hours before his death, he asked for a brush, paints and a new palette to paint a still life from a bouquet collected for him. His last words was:

“I think I’m starting to understand something about this.”

The French artist Pierre-Auguste Renoir entered the history of world painting not only as the founder of impressionism, but also as a singer of the harmony of a world filled with sunlight, a riot of nature, women's smiles, and a sense of the value of life. His paintings are imbued with the joy of being, a feeling of happiness. As the artist himself said: “For me, a picture ... should always be pleasant, joyful and beautiful, yes - beautiful! There are enough boring things in life, let's not fabricate more new ones. On February 25, on the occasion of the 173rd anniversary of the painter's birth, I propose to consider 10 of his masterpieces.

Renoir's first true masterpiece was Lisa with an Umbrella (1867).

The young painter is only 26 years old. This painting depicts Auguste's girlfriend, whom he had known since the age of 24. Lisa Treo was six years younger than Renoir. The girl charmed the artist with her spontaneity, freshness and mysterious expression of her eyes: either a nymph or a mermaid. An attractive image of a girl in a white dress contrasts with the changing background of the picture. The play of light and shadow allows a deeper understanding of both the emotions of the artist and the mood of his model. Lisa thoughtfully bowed her head under an openwork umbrella, protecting herself from the sunlight, or maybe the girl does not want to openly show her feelings to the painter. It is known from history that Lisa Treo and Pierre Auguste Renoir were tied up romantic relationship, but the artist refused to marry her. For Renoir, there was one passion - art. Critics noted innovations in the portrait technique: before that, no one painted a Frenchman in full height non-royals and did not attach special importance to the background of the picture.
"Liza with an umbrella" was a success at the 1968 exhibition. Until 1972, Pierre Auguste used the girl twice more as a model for his paintings. Thus were born "Odalisque" (1870), "Woman with a Parrot" (1871).

The next masterpiece was The Lodge (1874).

The painting shows a couple waiting for a performance. The woman's face is turned towards the viewer, while her companion looks through binoculars, possibly at other ladies. The slightly agitated face of the woman is conveyed by pursed lips and a gleam of slightly saddened eyes. She thought for a moment what kind of performance awaits them, or whether this behavior of her gentleman is unpleasant to her. Or perhaps she came to the opera to show herself, and her feelings are natural at the same time - not a shadow of coquetry on her fresh face, a calm look. This painting has become one of the symbols of impressionism.

A series of portraits of famous French actresses end of the XVIII century in the artist's work deserves special attention. Repeatedly portrayed Renoir Jeanne Samary - an actress French theater"Comedy Francaise". The master admired the beauty of her skin, the sparkle of her eyes, her radiant smile, and with pleasure transferred these life-affirming colors to Renoir's canvas. Jeanne herself has repeatedly emphasized that Pierre is connected with women only through a brush that conveys all sensations. 4 portraits of the artist are dedicated to Samari. Of these, I would like to focus on two canvases: "Portrait of Jeanne Samary" (1877), stored in State Museum fine arts named after A. S. Pushkin, and "Portrait of the actress Jeanne Samary" (1878), kept in the State Hermitage.

Looking at the first portrait, the viewer sees the smiling face of a young woman, a perky look and feels excitement. life force and energy. It seems that another minute or two, and our heroine will either laugh or make the viewer smile.

“Portrait of the actress Jeanne Samary” was written a year later and shows us her full height. She is depicted against the backdrop of a Japanese screen, a carpet and a palm tree, in a light ball gown that sets off the mother-of-pearl skin, highlighting Beautiful face framed by a fluffy golden hairstyle. The actress looks at the viewer, and her figure is slightly tilted, giving the impression of approaching, and although her hands are clasped together, but not clenched, it seems that at any moment they can open up for hugs. The absence of intimacy and static in the portrait is one of Renoir's innovations.

The landscapes of the great artist are also impressive. Renoir preferred to depict not just peaceful nature, but genre scenes from the life of rural workers, fishermen, and naturally resting people. Such are the famous "Big Bathers" (1884-1887).


To paint each of the undines, the artist made many sketches and varied the poses of the girls. His attention is focused on the three main figures placed in the foreground: a young girl standing in the water, which reaches her hips, is captured at the moment when she is about to splash water on her two naked friends who remained on the shore. Lover of magnificent forms, Renoir shows natural beauty female body, as the artist himself liked to repeat: "I continue to work on the nude until I feel like pinching the canvas."


Renoir's painting "Nude" (1876) is a real hymn to the beauty of the female body in the understanding of the artist. Its goal is to show beauty in appearance modern woman without changing or correcting anything in it. Her beauty is not in the idealization of proportions and forms, but in the freshness, health and youth that the picture literally breathes. The charm of the "Nude" comes from the elastic forms of the warm body, the soft features of the rounded face, the beauty of the skin.

On the canvases of Renoir there are many beautiful women with healthy, rosy-cheeked babies. A real hymn to motherhood is expressed in the painting of the same name from the beginning of 1886. It depicts an intimate scene in the garden: on a bench, comfortably seated, a young woman is feeding her baby. How much calm, noble dignity in her face!


In the late 80s - early 90s. In the 18th century, Renoir received public recognition, including from government officials. His painting "Girls at the Piano" (1892) was purchased for the Luxembourg Museum. Despite the fact that the canvas was custom-made and the artist set to work several times, the plot turned out to be light and unconstrained, and the touching scene of music lessons in rich apartments did not irritate either the public or the critics.

Speaking about the work of Renoir, it is worth mentioning the canvases dedicated to his children. These are, in addition to the aforementioned painting "Motherhood", which depicts Renoir's wife with her first son Pierre, also "Pierre Renoir" (1890) and "Playing Claude Renoir" (1905).

The painting “Playing Claude Renoir” (1905) depicts the youngest son of the artist, whom everyone at home called Coco, playing with soldiers. The same boundless world of childhood, the game of fantasy, the transience of movements and thoughts.

Pierre Auguste Renoir (1841 - 1919) - French impressionist painter, graphic artist and sculptor. | Part-1: Stages of the path and genre painting.

Pierre Auguste Renoir (French Pierre-Auguste Renoir; February 25, 1841, Limoges - December 2, 1919, Cagnes-sur-Mer) - French painter, graphic artist and sculptor, one of the main representatives of impressionism. Renoir is known primarily as a master of a secular portrait, not devoid of sentimentality; he was the first of the Impressionists to succeed with wealthy Parisians. In the mid 1880s. actually broke with impressionism, returning to the linearity of classicism, to engrism. The father of the famous director.

Auguste Renoir was born on February 25, 1841 in Limoges, a city located in the south of Central France. Renoir was the sixth child of a poor tailor named Léonard and his wife, Marguerite.
In 1844, the Renoirs moved to Paris, and here Auguste entered the church choir at the great Cathedral of Saint-Eustache. He had such a voice that the choir director, Charles Gounod, tried to convince the boy's parents to send him to study music. However, in addition to this, Auguste showed the gift of an artist, and when he was 13 years old, he began to help his family by getting a job with a master, from whom he learned to paint porcelain plates and other dishes. In the evenings, Auguste attended a painting school.

"Dance at Bougival" (1883), Boston Museum of Fine Arts

In 1865, at the house of his friend, the artist Jules Le Coeur, he met a 16-year-old girl, Lisa Treo, who soon became Renoir's lover and his favorite model. In 1870, their daughter Jeanne Marguerite was born, although Renoir refused to acknowledge his paternity officially. Their relationship continued until 1872, when Lisa left Renoir and married another.
Renoir's creative career was interrupted in 1870-1871, when he was drafted into the army during Franco-Prussian War ended in a crushing defeat for France.

Pierre-Auguste Renoir, Alina Charigot, 1885, Art Museum, Philadelphia

In 1890, Renoir married Alina Charigot, whom he had met ten years earlier when she was a 21-year-old seamstress. They already had a son, Pierre, born in 1885, and after the wedding they had two more sons - Jean, born in 1894, and Claude (known as "Coco"), born in 1901 and became one of the most beloved models father.

By the time his family was finally formed, Renoir had achieved success and fame, was recognized as one of the leading artists of France and managed to receive the title of Knight of the Legion of Honor from the state.

Renoir's personal happiness and professional success were overshadowed by illness. In 1897, Renoir broke his right arm after falling off his bicycle. As a result, he developed rheumatism, from which he suffered for the rest of his life. Rheumatism made it difficult for Renoir to live in Paris, and in 1903 the Renoir family moved to an estate called "Colette" in the small town of Cagnes-sur-Mer.
After an attack of paralysis that occurred in 1912, despite two surgical operations, Renoir was chained to wheelchair, however, he continued to write with a brush, which the nurse put between his fingers.

IN last years life Renoir gained fame and universal recognition. In 1917, when his "Umbrellas" were exhibited in the London National Gallery, hundreds of British artists and just art lovers sent him congratulations, which said: “From the moment your painting was hung in the same row with the works of the old masters, we experienced the joy that our contemporary took his rightful place in European painting". Renoir's painting was also exhibited at the Louvre, and in August 1919 the artist last time visited Paris to see her.

On December 3, 1919, Pierre-Auguste Renoir died in Cagnes-sur-Mer from pneumonia at the age of 78. Buried in Essua.

Marie-Félix Hippolyte-Lucas (1854-1925) - portrait by Renoir 1919

1862-1873 Choice of genres

"Spring Bouquet" (1866). Museum of Harvard University.

In early 1862, Renoir passed the exams at the School of Fine Arts at the Academy of Arts and enrolled in Gleyre's studio. There he met Fantin-Latour, Sisley, Basil and Claude Monet. Soon they became friends with Cezanne and Pizarro, so the backbone of the future Impressionist group was formed.
IN early years Renoir was influenced by the works of the Barbizons, Corot, Prudhon, Delacroix and Courbet.
In 1864, Gleyre closed the workshop, the training ended. Renoir began to paint his first canvases and then for the first time presented the painting "Esmeralda dancing among the tramps" to the Salon. She was accepted, but when the canvas was returned to him, the author destroyed it.
Having chosen genres for his works in those years, he did not change them until the end of his life. This is a landscape - "Jules le Coeur in the Forest of Fontainebleau" (1866), everyday scenes - "The Frog" (1869), "Pont Neuf" (1872), still life - "Spring Bouquet" (1866), "Still Life with a Bouquet and a Fan" (1871), portrait - "Lisa with an umbrella" (1867), "Odalisque" (1870), nude - "Diana the huntress" (1867).
In 1872, Renoir and his friends created the Anonymous Cooperative Partnership.

1874-1882 Struggle for recognition

"Ball at the Moulin de la Galette" (1876). Musée d'Orsay.

The first exhibition of the partnership opened on April 15, 1874. Renoir presented pastels and six paintings, among which were "Dancer" and "Lodge" (both - 1874). The exhibition ended in failure, and the members of the partnership received an insulting nickname - "Impressionists".
Despite poverty, it was during these years that the artist created his main masterpieces: Grands Boulevards (1875), Walk (1875), Ball at the Moulin de la Galette (1876), Nude (1876), Nude in the Sunlight" (1876), "Swing" (1876), "First Departure" (1876/1877), "Path in the Tall Grass" (1877).
Renoir gradually ceased to participate in exhibitions of the Impressionists. In 1879, he presented the full-figure Portrait of the Actress Jeanne Samary (1878) and Portrait of Madame Charpentier with Children (1878) to the Salon in 1879 and achieved universal recognition, and after that financial independence. He continued to write new canvases - in particular, the famous "Clichy Boulevard" (1880), "Breakfast of the Rowers" (1881), "On the Terrace" (1881), which became famous.

1883-1890 "Engrov period"

"Big bathers" (1884-1887). Museum of Art, Philadelphia.

Renoir traveled to Algeria, then to Italy, where he became closely acquainted with the works of the Renaissance classics, after which his artistic taste changed. Renoir painted a series of paintings "Dance in the Village" (1882/1883), "Dance in the City" (1883), "Dance in Bougival" (1883), as well as such canvases as "In the Garden" (1885) and "Umbrellas" (1881/1886), where the impressionist past is still visible, but Renoir's new approach to painting appears.
The so-called "Ingres period" opens. Most famous work of this period - "Big Bathers" (1884/1887). For the construction of the composition, the author first used sketches and sketches. The lines of the drawing became clear and defined. The colors lost their former brightness and saturation, the painting as a whole began to look more restrained and colder.

1891-1902 "Pearl period"

"Girls at the Piano" (1892). Musée d'Orsay.

In 1892, Durand-Ruel opened big exhibition paintings by Renoir, which was a great success. Recognition also came from government officials - the painting "Girls at the Piano" (1892) was purchased for the Luxembourg Museum.
Renoir traveled to Spain, where he got acquainted with the work of Velasquez and Goya.
In the early 90s, new changes took place in Renoir art. In a picturesque manner, an iridescence of color appeared, which is why this period is sometimes called "mother-of-pearl".
At this time, Renoir painted such paintings as "Apples and Flowers" (1895/1896), "Spring" (1897), "Son Jean" (1900), "Portrait of Mrs. Gaston Bernheim" (1901). He traveled to the Netherlands, where he was interested in the paintings of Vermeer and Rembrandt.

1903-1919 "Red period"

"Gabriel in a red blouse" (1910). Collection of M. Wertem, New York.

The "pearl" period gave way to the "red", so named because of the preference for shades of reddish and pink flowers.
Renoir continued to paint sunny landscapes, still lifes with bright colors, portraits of his children, naked women, created A Walk (1906), Portrait of Ambroise Vollard (1908), Gabriel in a Red Blouse (1910), Bouquet of Roses "(1909/1913)," Woman with a mandolin "(1919).

In the movie "Amelie" the neighbor main character Ramon Dufael has been making copies of Renoir's Breakfast of the Rowers for 10 years.
A close friend of Auguste Renoir was Henri Matisse, who was almost 28 years his junior. When O. Renoir was essentially bedridden due to illness, A. Matisse visited him every day. Renoir, almost paralyzed by arthritis, overcoming pain, continued to paint in his studio. Once, watching the pain with which each stroke of the brush is given to him, Matisse could not stand it and asked: “Auguste, why don’t you leave painting, are you suffering so much?” Renoir limited himself to only the answer: “La douleur passe, la beauté reste” (Pain passes, but beauty remains). And this was the whole Renoir, who worked until his last breath.